WO2000015549A1 - A self-heating methanol cracker - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a self-heating methanol cracker, it consists of a thermal insulation shell, a group of cracker-units, an evaporator, a combustion chamber and a burning-gases tank; it also includes a condensing filter, the latter has a supply inlet of methanol liquid with a pressure from inside, a drain outlet of liquid of connecting to another end of a liquid connecting pipe, a supply inlet of cracking gases of connecting to another end of a cracking-gases connecting pipe, a drain outlet of cracking gases of sending out a pure cracking gases from inside and a condensate drain outlet and the group of cracker units also includes certain cracker units of interval arrange in space.

Description

 Technical field of the present invention

 The present invention relates to a civil combustion changer, and more particularly to a self-heating methanol cracker. Background technique

 Natural gas and petroleum liquefied gas are important chemical raw materials, and they are also widely used as clean fuels. However, as natural gas and oil reserves are limited and non-renewable, coupled with the large investment required for mining and transportation, its application as a fuel is greatly restricted. Methanol can be directly synthesized from coal and water, or it can be extracted from organic waste, which can be called an inexhaustible energy source. Moreover, methanol is easy to store and transport, and it is cheap. As a clean energy source to replace natural gas and petroleum liquefied gas, it has broad application prospects. Methanol is liquid at normal temperature and pressure. In order to more effectively use methanol as a fuel, it is best to first crack it into ¾ and (: 0. It is well known that these two gases easily reach full combustion in the air. Summary of the invention

 An object of the present invention is to provide a methanol cracker capable of generating a pure methanol cracking gas. Another object of the present invention is to provide a methanol cracker capable of adapting to fluctuations in demand for cracked gas to produce a pure methanol cracked gas. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a methanol cracker capable of automatically adapting to fluctuations in demand for cracked gas to generate pure methanol cracked gas. Another object of the present invention is to provide a more compact methanol cracker. The present invention provides a self-heating M-H civil combustion substitute, which includes-

(a) a heat-insulating shell with a vent hole communicating with the outside atmosphere;

 (b) a cracker unit group, which is arranged in a heat-insulating shell and is connected to one end of a cracked gas connection pipe through an outlet manifold;

(c) An evaporator is provided in the heat-insulating shell, and the evaporator air outlet is connected through the distribution The tube is connected to the cracker unit group, so that the distribution manifold, the cracker unit group and the outlet manifold form a flow channel therethrough; the evaporator inlet of the evaporator is connected to one end of the liquid connection pipe;

 (d) a combustion chamber, one side of which is equipped with a combustion nozzle, and the other side is in communication with the thermal insulation shell;

 (e) a gas storage tank, which communicates with the combustion nozzle;

It also includes a condensing filter, which has a liquid supply port through which a pressurized methanol liquid is fed, a liquid supply port connected to the other end of the liquid connection pipe, and a The cracked gas supply inlet and a cracked gas supply outlet and a condensate discharge outlet from which pure cracked gas is output; and the cracker unit group includes a plurality of cracker units arranged in space. The high-temperature cracked gas entering the condensing filter through the cracking gas connection pipe, and the methanol liquid flowing in from the liquid supply port of the condensing filter, only heat exchange takes place in the condensing filter without material exchange. The cracked gas is cooled to cause the methanol gas entrained therein to condense into droplets to separate the methanol component from the cracker. The purified cracked gas is easier to be fully burned, and the utilization rate of heat energy is improved. At the same time, pollution caused by unburned or leaked methanol gas can be prevented. In addition, the methanol condensate can be recovered through the condensate drain of the condensing filter. In another embodiment of the present invention, a temperature measuring device for measuring the operating temperature of the cracking unit group may be further included. The temperature measurement device can monitor the operating temperature of the cracking unit group so as to adjust the operating temperature to the temperature range most suitable for methanol cracking, so that the methanol cracking is more complete and the methanol cracking gas becomes more pure. A further embodiment of the present invention further includes a control unit, which can adjust the flame power of the combustion nozzle according to the output signal of the temperature measuring device to adjust the operating temperature of the cracking unit group. In this way, the control unit can automatically adjust the operating temperature of the cracking unit group. When the cracking gas demand fluctuates, the flame power can be adjusted in real time. This ensures that the methanol is fully cracked and that the cracker operates safely. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the cracking units may be formed in layers and arranged in layers with each other, or formed in a cylindrical shape and coaxially arranged with each other. In this way, At the same time, the cracker body can be made more compact. Brief Introduction

 The embodiments of the present invention can be more specifically and clearly explained by referring to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a methanol cracker of the present invention, in which a front wall surface of a heat-insulating casing 70 is cut away to show the Cracker unit group 5 and evaporator 4 and internal connecting pipelines;

 FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of a manner in which the cracking units in the cracking unit group 5 shown in FIG. 1 are connected to each other; FIG.

 FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of another connection manner of the cracking units in the cracking unit group 5 shown in FIG. 1; FIG.

 FIG. 2C is another schematic diagram of how the cracking units in the cracking unit group 5 shown in FIG. 1 are connected to each other; FIG.

 FIG. 2D is a schematic diagram of how the cracking units in the cracking unit group 5 shown in FIG. 1 are connected to each other;

 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a methanol cracker according to the present invention;

 FIG. 4A is a schematic horizontal cross-sectional view of the cracking unit group 5 shown in FIG. 1, showing a shape and an arrangement thereof; and

 FIG. 4B is a schematic horizontal cross-sectional view of another cracking unit group 5 shown in FIG. 1, showing another shape and arrangement thereof. Description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention

 The invention will now be illustrated with a vertical self-heating methanol cracker as an example. The corresponding numbers of the components of the methanol cracker of the present invention in the drawings and the names in the description part of the description are listed as follows:

 Liquid supply line

 2. Condensation filter 6. Combustion chamber

 21. Liquid supply port 61. Combustion nozzle

 23. Liquid supply and outlet

 22. Cracked gas supply inlet 63. Air suction inlet

 24. Cracked gas supply outlet 64. Flame nozzle

 25. Condensate drain port 7. Cracker body

 J. Liquid connection pipe

 4. Evaporator 71. Ventilation 孑 L

41. Evaporator inlet 8. Cracked gas connection pipe 42. Evaporator outlet 9. Gas supply line

 5. Cracker unit 90. External supply pipeline

 51. Distribution joint 91. Self-supply pipeline

 52. Take-out joint pipe 10. Condensate recovery pipe

 53. Lower port 1 1. Control unit

 54. Upper port 12. Temperature measuring device

 55. Wall of cracker 13. Gas storage tank

56. Pyrolysis catalyst 14. Electric valve Please also note that in different drawings, the same components are indicated by the same reference numerals. As shown in FIG. 1, the methanol cracker of the present invention includes a cracker body 7 and a condensation filter 2. The cracker body 7 includes a heat insulation shell 70, which contains an evaporator 4, a cracking unit group 5 and a combustion chamber 6; the heat insulation shell 70 is also provided with a vent hole 71. The condensing filter 2 includes a liquid supply port 21, a liquid supply port 23, a cracked gas supply port 22, a cracked gas supply port 24, and a condensate discharge port 25. A combustion nozzle 61 is installed on the combustion chamber 6, and the latter includes a gas inlet 62, an air inlet 63, and a flame nozzle 64. The combustion nozzle 61 introduces the pressured gas from a gas storage tank 13 into the gas inlet 63 and sucks in air through the air suction port 62, and then sprays out from its flame nozzle 64 to burn. The arrangement of the combustion chamber 6 with respect to the evaporator 4 and the cracking unit group 5 in the heat insulation shell 7 is to achieve the most effective heat transfer between them. The purpose of the heat-insulating shell 7 is to minimize heat energy loss. One end of the methanol liquid supply pipe 1 is connected to a methanol liquid supply source (not shown) having a certain pressure, and the other end thereof is connected to the liquid supply port 21 of the condensation filter 2. One end of the liquid connection pipe 3 communicates with the liquid supply outlet 23 of the condensation filter 2, and the other end thereof penetrates into the heat insulation case 70 and communicates with the evaporator liquid inlet 41 of the evaporator 4. The distribution manifold 51 connects the evaporator outlet 42 of the evaporator 4 and the lower port 53 of the cracking unit group 5 to each other. The cracking unit group 5 includes a plurality of cracking units (also denoted by reference numeral 5). Although four cracking units are shown in FIG. 1, it can be any number in practical applications. The cracking unit 5 is a hollow seal structure, which is filled with cracking catalyst 56 and gas can flow between the upper port 54 and the lower port 53 of the cracking unit 5 through the gap between the catalysts 56. The outlet connection pipe 52 connects the upper port 52 of the cracking unit 5 and one end of the cracked gas connection pipe 8 to each other, and the other end of the cracked gas connection pipe 8 passes out of the heat insulation shell 70 and communicates the cracking of the condensation filter 2气 Supply inlet 22. Gas supply line 9 connected to the cracked gas supply outlet 24 of the condensing filter 2 A pure cracked gas is supplied to a gas storage tank 13. The gas storage tank B is connected to an external supply line 90 and a gas inlet 62 of a combustion nozzle 61 through a self-supply line 91. The condensate recovery pipe 10 is led out from the condensate discharge port 25 of the condensation filter 2. The working principle of the methanol cracker of the present invention is explained below with reference to FIG. Referring again to FIG. 1, the methanol liquid with a certain pressure is transported to the liquid supply port 21 of the condensation filter 2 through the liquid supply line 1, and the high-temperature methanol sent from the cracking gas connection line 8 is cracked in the condensation filter 2. The gas undergoes heat exchange and is preheated. The pre-heated methanol liquid passes through the liquid supply outlet 23 of the condensing filter 2 and the liquid connection pipe 3 connected to the pre-heated methanol liquid, and is sent to the evaporator liquid outlet 41 of the evaporator 4. The methanol entering the evaporator 4 from the evaporator inlet 41 is heated to be converted into methanol vapor, that is, methanol gas. The methanol gas flows from the evaporator outlet 42 of the evaporator 4 through the distribution manifold 51 to a plurality of cracking units 5. The heat generated by the combustion chamber 6 directly or indirectly heats each cracking unit 5 through a heat transfer medium, such as the wall surface of the cracking unit 5 and / or the air between them. These cracking units 5 are separated from each other by a certain gap, which is referred to herein as a spacing zone 57. In these spacing zones 57, a heat transfer medium is passed therethrough to transfer heat generated by the combustion chamber 6 into the cracking unit 5, and the The temperature reached and was maintained at about 320 ° C. The evaporator 4 and the cracking unit 5 and the distribution manifold 51 therebetween are sealed with respect to the outside thereof, and they are placed in the heat insulation case 70 together with the combustion chamber 6. It is preferable to open a hole 71 in the wall surface of the heat-insulating casing 70 so that the inside of the heat-insulating casing 7 communicates with the outside atmosphere. At any temperature, the pressure in the heat-insulating shell 70 can be made equal to its external pressure, and the heat-insulating shell is not subject to external forces. Cracking catalyst particles are placed in each cracking unit 5, and methanol gas passes through the gap between the catalyst particles and comes into contact with its surface. Under the action of the catalyst, the following cracking reaction of methanol gas occurs:

CH ₃ OH ^{¾ 320} ° ^c 〉 2H, + CO-Q The cracking reaction is an endothermic reaction, and the required heat is provided by the combustion chamber 6, while the latter also keeps the temperature in the cracking unit 5 substantially constant at the maximum. Within a favorable numerical range. Of course, the cracking reaction is carried out step by step when the methanol gas flows through the cracking unit 5. In this process, the ratio of the cracking gas H ₂ + CO becomes larger and larger, and the remaining methanol gas becomes smaller and smaller. When these mixed gases flow from the upper port 54 of each cracking unit 5, Residual methanol gas is very small, and cracked gas is the main component. The cracked gas entrained with a small amount of methanol gas is condensed by each cracking unit 5 to the cracked gas connection line 8 through the outlet manifold, and then flows into the condensation filter 2 through the cracked gas supply inlet 22 of the condensation filter 2. The ratio of the methanol gas cracked into H ₂ + CO from the process of entering the distribution manifold 51, passing through the cracking unit group 5 and then flowing into the outlet manifold 52 is referred to as the cracking completion rate in this specification. In the condensing filter 2, the high-temperature cracked gas and the methanol liquid flowing in from the liquid supply pipe 1 are subjected to heat exchange, and only heat exchange is performed with each other without material exchange. After sufficient heat exchange, the methanol liquid is preheated and the cracked gas containing a small amount of methanol gas is cooled. When cooled to a certain temperature, the contained methanol gas condenses into droplets. The condensing filter 2 has a filtering function. When the cracked gas passes therethrough, fine methanol droplets are filtered to achieve gas-liquid separation. The droplets converge into a methanol condensate, which is discharged from the condensate discharge port 25 of the condensate filter 2 to the condensate recovery pipe 10; the methanol-free purified cracked gas flows into the gas supply pipe 9 through the cracked gas supply outlet 24 . This pure cracked gas has very little methanol content, which can not only achieve full combustion, but also prevent damage to human health caused by the leakage of methanol gas. The cracker unit group 5 shown in FIG. 1 includes four cracker units 5, which are respectively connected in parallel to the evaporator air outlet of the evaporator 4 through a distribution coupling pipe 51 and an outlet coupling pipe 52.

42 and cracked gas connection line 8. Of course, the present invention is not limited to parallel connection, and there may be other connection modes. As shown in FIG. 2A, each cracking unit 5 is connected in series through a distribution header 51, an outlet header 52, and an internal header 50 between the cracking units. The internal header 50 is coupled between the upper port 54 and the lower port 53 of each cracking unit 5. As shown in the figure, the gas flow directions in the adjacent cracker units 5 are opposite to each other. Of course, it can also be connected to make the gas flow directions in the adjacent cracker units 5 smooth, or make them interact in reverse. arrangement. As shown in FIG. 2B, each of the cracker units 5 is connected to each other in a form of parallel connection and series connection through an internal connection pipe 50. As shown in FIG. 2C, each of the cracker units 5 is connected to each other in a form of series connection and then parallel connection through an internal connection pipe 50. As shown in FIG. 2D, each cracker unit 5 is connected into three parallels through an internal header 50. Connect another hybrid connection in series. In addition to the connection modes shown in FIGS. 1 and 2A-2D, there are other connection modes for the internal connection modes of the cracking unit group 5. In addition, the cracking unit group 5 is not limited to only four cracking units. With more cracking units, there will be more patterns in the way they are connected. In addition, the different connection methods will affect the completion rate of methanol gas to a certain extent. The present invention will be further described with the example that the cracker supplies cooking gas for residents. Gas demand, like electricity and water, fluctuates greatly. When the demand for cracking gas is large, the heat required for the cracking of methanol to H ₂ + CO becomes larger. If the heat production rate of the combustion chamber 6 is not increased in a timely manner, the operating temperature of the cracking unit group will be reduced, resulting in a decrease in the cracking efficiency and a reduction in the cracking completion rate. This may exceed the condensing and filtering capacity of the condensing filter 2 so that a large amount of methanol gas is entrained in the gas supplied from the cracking gas supply outlet 24. On the one hand, it will cause insufficient combustion and produce hydrocarbon pollution, on the other hand, it may also cause methanol gas to escape and endanger human health. In contrast to the foregoing, when the gas demand becomes smaller, the heat required for methanol cracking will decrease. If the flame in the combustion chamber 6 is not reduced in time, the working temperature of the cracking unit group 5 and the evaporator 4 will increase. On the one hand, it will affect the efficiency and life of the cracking unit group 5 and the cracking catalyst 56 thereof. On the other hand, it will also cause the vapor pressure generated by the evaporator 4 to rise and threaten the safe operation of the entire methanol cracker. In order to solve the above problem, a temperature measurement device 12 may be installed on the cracking unit group 5, and an electric valve 14 is provided in the self-supply pipeline 91, as shown in FIG. 3. According to the temperature measurement values, the control unit 11 adjusts the amount of gas supplied to the combustion nozzle 61 through the feedback loop 1 1 1 respectively, so as to adjust the size of the flame in the combustion chamber 6. The purpose of adjusting the operating temperature of the cracking unit group 5 and the evaporator 4 is thereby achieved. Referring to FIG. 3 again, the feedback loop 1 1 1 may be implemented by manual adjustment, or may be implemented by electronic circuit automatic regulation. For operation safety or emergency response, the control unit 11 and the feedback loop 1 1 1 should have the functions of manual adjustment and automatic adjustment. In order to increase the effective heat exchange area of the cracking unit group 5 and reduce the volume of the cracker body 7 And weight, so as to reduce the thermal inertia of the cracker body 7 and increase the sensitivity of adjusting the operating temperature of the cracking unit group 5. Each cracking unit 5 can be made into a hollow plate sheet and arranged in layers and intervals, such as Figure 4A. In order to make the cracking unit group 5 and the cracker body 7 more compact, each cracking unit 5 can be made into a hollow cylindrical shape inside the wall surface. The cracking unit group 5 is composed of such a cylindrical cracking unit coaxial ring sleeve. As shown in Figure 4B. In this description, the above text description and the accompanying drawings are intended to explain the basic composition and working principle of the present invention, and do not limit the function of the technical idea of the present invention. For example, the cracker of the present invention can crack not only methanol, but also other alcohols. Of course, different cracking chemistries may require different cracking catalysts and / or different cracking temperatures for different organic compounds.

Claims

Claim 1. A self-heating M-H civil combustion changer comprising:  (a) a heat-insulating shell with a vent hole communicating with the outside atmosphere;  (b) a cracker unit group, which is arranged in a heat-insulating shell and is connected to one end of a cracked gas connection pipe through an outlet manifold;  (c) An evaporator is arranged in the heat-insulating shell, and the evaporator air outlet is connected to the cracker unit group through a distribution manifold, so that the distribution manifold, the cracker unit group, and the outlet manifold are constituted to penetrate therethrough The liquid inlet of the evaporator is connected to one end of the liquid connection pipe;  (d) a combustion chamber, one side of which is equipped with a combustion nozzle, and the other side is in communication with the thermal insulation shell;  (e) a gas storage tank, which communicates with the combustion nozzle;  It is characterized in that it also includes a condensing filter, which has a liquid supply port through which a pressurized methanol liquid is supplied, a liquid supply port connected to the other end of the liquid connection pipe, and a connection connected to a cracked gas. The cracked gas supply inlet at the other end of the pipe, a cracked gas supply outlet from which pure cracked gas is output, and a condensate discharge port; and the cracker unit group includes a plurality of cracker units arranged in space. 2. The civil combustion changer according to claim 1, further comprising a temperature measuring device for measuring the operating temperature of the cracking unit group. 3. The civil combustion changer according to claim 2, further comprising a control unit, which can adjust the amount of gas supplied to the combustion nozzle according to the output signal of the temperature measuring device. 4. The civil combustion changer according to claim 1, wherein each cracking unit is layered and arranged alternately in layers. 5. The civil combustion changer according to claim 4, wherein each cracking unit has a cylindrical shape and is arranged in a coaxial ring sleeve. 6. The civil combustion changer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each cracking unit is connected between the evaporator outlet and the cracking gas connection pipeline through a distribution manifold and a discharge manifold. Connected in parallel. 7. The civil combustion changer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each cracking unit is connected between the evaporator outlet and the cracked gas connection pipeline through a distribution manifold and a discharge manifold. Connected in series. 8. The civil combustion changer according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that each cracking unit is connected between the evaporator outlet and the cracking gas connection pipeline through a distribution manifold and a discharge manifold. The indirect connection is a parallel and serial hybrid connection.