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WO2000001435A1 - Inhalateur a poudre et procede d'administration correspondant - Google Patents

Inhalateur a poudre et procede d'administration correspondant Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2000001435A1
WO2000001435A1 PCT/SE1999/001192 SE9901192W WO0001435A1 WO 2000001435 A1 WO2000001435 A1 WO 2000001435A1 SE 9901192 W SE9901192 W SE 9901192W WO 0001435 A1 WO0001435 A1 WO 0001435A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
inhalator
valve element
valve
passage
agent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/SE1999/001192
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Göran EWERLÖF
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Medifront AB
Original Assignee
Medifront AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Medifront AB filed Critical Medifront AB
Priority to JP2000557879A priority Critical patent/JP2002519158A/ja
Priority to AU50748/99A priority patent/AU5074899A/en
Priority to EP99935229A priority patent/EP1091779A1/fr
Priority to CA002336358A priority patent/CA2336358A1/fr
Publication of WO2000001435A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000001435A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0091—Inhalators mechanically breath-triggered
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0001—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof
    • A61M15/0013—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof with inhalation check valves
    • A61M15/0016—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof with inhalation check valves located downstream of the dispenser, i.e. traversed by the product
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0091—Inhalators mechanically breath-triggered
    • A61M15/0096—Hindering inhalation before activation of the dispenser
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
    • A61M2202/06—Solids
    • A61M2202/064—Powder

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an inhalator for adducing a pulverous agent to a patient, in particular to an inhalator comprising a space arranged for storage a pulverous agent dose and a passage extending from said space to an outlet from the inhalator.
  • the present invention also relates to a corresponding method of administration of a pulverous agent to the lungs of a patient .
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,320,714 discloses an inhalator for pulverous agents comprising for feeding of a dose of the pulverous agent to a space. This space is in contact with a passage opening to an outlet extending through a mouthpiece.
  • a problem that may arise when using such an inhalator is that the pulverous agent is carried directly with the negative pressure developing in the passage when the user inhales from the inhalator' s mouthpiece. If the user is unable to inhale forcefully enough a moderate negative pressure only is formed in the passage, and an air flow of low velocity is formed carrying with it the pulverous agent.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,297 542 is known an inhalator arranged for adducing a liquid agent in aerosol form.
  • the inhalator comprises valve means opening upon a user creating a negative pressure in a mouthpiece.
  • the inhalator comprises a valve arrangement provided with a piston being displaced against the effect of a return spring.
  • the piston comprises a magnet which, in a displaced state of the piston, affects a magnetisable valve body, thereby displacing the valve body to an open position. In this open position a dose of the liquid agent can be conducted past the valve arrangement and be mixed with an air flow for further transport in aerosol form through a passage to an outlet in the mouthpiece of the inhalator.
  • This valve arrangement is of complex design and occupies a major portion of the space in the inhalator.
  • the aforementioned return spring is only dimensioned to move the piston back to an inactive position.
  • the force exerted by such a return spring is so small that it essentially cedes upon a negative pressure arising in the passage. Neither is such a valve arrangement directly applicable to an inhalator for adducing of a pulverous agent.
  • the particles of the agent In order to be able to reach the alveoli it is also important for the particles of the agent to be of a small size .
  • the pulverous agents used in the art may be stored in inhalators in form of loosely compacted balls or similar comprising a single dose to facilitate their handling and to prevent the small particles therein from sticking to the container walls caused by, in particular, static electricity.
  • To form an aerosol from such loosely compacted powders requires a more forceful action of an air stream on them than in case of non-compacted powders. But even in the latter case there are aggregations of particles kept together by weak van der Waals forces or, in addition, electrostatic forces, which have to be disintegrated to form a perfect aerosol. Their full disintegration requires forceful agitation normally accomplished by turbulent air flow with high shearing forces.
  • the generation of a turbulent air flow impacting on the compacted or non-compacted pulverous dose however necessitates the design of the inhaler to be correspondingly adapted. This is not easily done without sacrificing constructional simplicity and adding cost.
  • a further aspect of inhalation therapy with aerosols concerns the influence of air flow and particle size on the deposition of the particles along their path of inhalation. From a medical standpoint it is generally preferred to maximise alveolar particle deposition.
  • the finite size of the particles however makes them differ from the behaviour of their carrier medium which is air. The coarser the particles the greater is their tendency to be deflected towards the walls of a multiple bending path of air flow by inertia.
  • particles or particle aggregates of a small size are advantageous from an administration standpoint.
  • technology barriers in regard of producing very small particles and of breaking up particle aggregates of a small size are, however, technology barriers in regard of producing very small particles and of breaking up particle aggregates of a small size.
  • the flow rate is limited by restricting air flow through the inhalator. This restriction, on the other hand, impairs the disintegration of compacted and non-compacted pulverous doses in the inhalator.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an inhalator of the aforementioned kind ensuring a correct dose of the pulverous agent being provided to the user at each dosing event.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an inhalator of simple design which efficiently disperses compacted or non-compacted pulverous agents in an restricted air stream to form an aerosol of good quality.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a method of administering to a patient a single dose a pulverous agent by an inhalator.
  • the present invention is based on the insight that a high air flow is needed for the disintegration of compacted or non-compacted pulverous agents to form an aerosol of good quality whereas the transport rate of that aerosol to the alveoli of the patient must be kept low to minimise the deposition of aerosol particles along the path of transport.
  • a powder inhalator of the aforementioned kind comprising a chamber in which a single dose of a compacted or non-compacted pulverous agent is disposed, the chamber having an aerosol outlet and an air inlet, the inhalator being provided with valve means preferably disposed between the dose and the outlet opening at a predetermined negative pressure generated by an inhalation of the patient, the valve means being arranged to be kept in the open position during the inhalation once the valve has been opened, thereby generating a predetermined first air flow rate through the valve means to form an aerosol bolus comprising the single dose, and a second air flow rate determined by the inhalation rate of the patient, the first flow rate being substantially greater than the second.
  • the first flow rate is twice as high as the second flow rate or higher.
  • This arrangement provides for a high initial air flow rate necessary for the disintegration of compacted and non-compacted pulverous agents, while providing for a lower air flow rate for the transport of the aerosol thus formed to the alveoli, which second rate reduces deposition of particles along the path of transport.
  • Preferred opening pressures range from -100 to -350 mm of water column. Since the lung capacity even in most patients with asthma or other lung disease is at least 1 litre and the bolus volume obtained at the preferred opening pressure with state of the art inhalators will be in the order of 100 ccm it is evident that the aerosol bolus requires substantial inspiration following its formation to be transported to the site of desired action, the alveoli.
  • an inhalator of the aforementioned kind comprising a valve assembly disposed at least partially in the passage and arranged to keep the passage closed except when the pulverous agent is intended to be expelled through the passage, the valve assembly being arranged to open when a negative pressure of predetermined size is generated in the portion of the passage extending from the valve assembly to the outlet.
  • a valve assembly will open only upon the user generating a sufficient negative pressure in the passage by forceful inhalation.
  • a non-return type valve means to prevent humid exhaled air from inadvertently reaching the pulverous agent.
  • the valve assembly comprises a valve element disposed displaceably between a closed position and an open position.
  • a valve element can be designed to utilise the force of said negative pressure to obtain its displacement movement to an open position upon a certain level of negative pressure being reached.
  • the valve assembly can comprise first means for keeping the valve element in a closed position by a force corresponding to the negative pressure level in the passage. Such a force ensures that the valve element will not be displaced to an open position prior to the negative pressure having reached the predetermined level. It is advantageous for the force keeping the valve element in a closed position to immediately cease to act on the valve element upon displacement of the latter from its closed position. Thereby the valve element can be displaced very quickly from a closed position to an open position. Thereby the velocity of the pulverous agent will be retarded only negligibly during the opening period of the valve element and be carried practically unimpeded with the air flow formed by the predetermined negative pressure.
  • the valve element is arranged around link means when moving between a closed position and an open position.
  • link means may comprise a hinge in form of die cast hinge parts arranged in the passage and adapted to accept taps arranged on the valve element.
  • the valve element has the form of a substantially flat plate. Such a plate can be adapted to extend over the entire passage in a closed position, thereby forming an airtight closure of the passage.
  • the valve element can abut against at least one support area.
  • Such a support area may extend at least along an edge of the valve element.
  • the support area extends around the entire circumference of the valve element.
  • said first means comprise at least one magnetic material adapted to co-operate with a magnetisable material.
  • the valve element can comprise magnetic material
  • the support area can comprise the magnetisable material.
  • a valve element can comprise o an injection moulded polymer material containing magnetic particles, and the support area can comprise a metal plate.
  • the valve element can comprise a magnetisable material whereas the support area comprises the magnetic material.
  • the magnetic force acting between the valve element and the support area is dimensioned so as to correspond the predetermined level of negative pressure in the passage at which the valve element is arranged to open.
  • the valve assembly comprises other means arranged to deflect the valve element in the direction of a closed position upon equilibration of the negative pressure.
  • These other means can comprise a spring element which may be arranged so as to act at the linkable fastening or, alternatively, are arranged so as to extend from and act between the valve element and the support area.
  • the spring force of the spring element is substantially smaller than the force exerted on the valve element when the latter is opened. The retarding effect of such a spring element on the valve element at the latter' s opening thus can be disregarded from.
  • the other means can comprise a valve element arranged for being displaced back to a closed position by its own weight. By, for instance, arranging the link of the valve element in an appropriate manner the valve element can be brought to reach an unstable position when in an open position, at which position it seeks by its weight to be brought back to a closed position.
  • the sudden thrust of air generated by the valve element opening at the predetermined pressure enhances the formation of an aerosol from the pulverous agent dose stored in the inhalator.
  • the negative pressure at which the valve opens is preferably from -100 cm of water column to - 350 cm of water column. An opening pressure of about - 250 cm of water column is preferred.
  • a method for administration of a single dose of a pulverous agent to a patient comprising:
  • - providing a single dose of the agent in a compartment in a powder inhalator comprising valve means opening at a predetermined negative air pressure disposed downstream of the compartment and a mouthpiece disposed downstream of the valve means; - making the patient inhale through the mouthpiece to generate a negative pressure sufficient to open the valve, thereby forming an aerosol bolus from the powder at a first air flow rate; - making the patient continue to inhale for a period of time sufficient to transport the aerosol bolus to the lungs at a second air flow rate; the first air flow rate being substantially higher than the second air flow rate.
  • Air flow rates are those measured at the outlet of the mouthpiece.
  • the first air flow rate which, by definition, is the rate measured immediately after the valve has been fully opened, is preferably at least twice as high as the second air flow rate, which is measured at mid-inhalation. It is important for the valve to be of a design making it to fully open once the opening pressure has been reached, and to stay in a fully opened position during the remaining inhalation period.
  • Fig. 1 an inhalator according to a first embodiment of the invention in a closed position, in a longitudinal section;
  • FIG. 2 the inhalator of Fig. 1 with the valve assembly in an open position, in the same view as in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 an inhalator according to a second embodiment of the invention with a valve assembly in a closed position, in a longitudinal section;
  • Fig. 4 the inhalator of Fig. 3 with the valve assembly in an open position, in the same view as in Fig. 4;
  • FIGs. 1 and 2 an inhalator according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the inhalator 1 is designed with an inner space 2 arranged for storing and enclosing a pulverous agent.
  • the space 2 also comprises a dosing unit not shown in the figures, since such dosing units . are known, and the construction of such a unit is not comprised by the present invention.
  • the aim with the dosing unit is to feed, if so required, a dose of the pulverous agent to a separate chamber 3 in the space 2.
  • the chamber 3 is only shown schematically in the Figures, and may have a design and a position different from those shown in the Figures.
  • a channel the chamber 3 is arranged to be in contact with the surrounding air to make the pressure of surrounding air prevail in the chamber 3 and to make it possible for an air flow being generated through the inhalator at the inhalation of a dose of the pulverous agent.
  • a channel is not shown in the figures since the construction of such a channel is not comprised by the present invention.
  • the chamber 3 is disposed adjacent to a valve element 4 which can swivel between an open position and a closed position around a link or axis 5.
  • the valve element 4 has the form of a substantially flat plate, and may consist of an injection moulded polymer material containing magnetic particles.
  • the valve element 4 is arranged to rest, in a closed position, against at least one shoulder comprising a support area 6; it is of a non- return clack type.
  • the support area 6 may extend around the circumference of the entire valve element 4.
  • the support area 6 can comprise a disc of a magnetisable material.
  • the purpose with the support area 6 is to provide a stable support for the valve element 4 and, on the other hand, to keep the valve element 4 in its closed position by a magnetic force of predetermined size. In an injection- moulded valve element 4 containing magnetic particles the magnetic force is evenly distributed, whereby the valve element 4 can be kept in a closed position by a substantially constant magnetic force along its entire area of abutment against the support area 6.
  • the inhalator Downstream of the valve element 4 the inhalator comprises a passage 7 opening into an outlet 8 provided with a mouthpiece 9.
  • the mouthpiece 9 By a vigorous inhalation the user the sucks out the air resident in the passage 7. If this inhalation is not vigorous enough the valve element 4 will not be displaced from its closed position by reason of being kept in place against the support area 6 by the aforementioned magnetic force. Only if the user generates a negative pressure of a predetermined size in the passage 7 exerting a force on the valve element 4 exceeding the retaining magnetic force the valve element 4 swivels around the link 5 from its closed to its open position.
  • valve element 4 This can be effected by, for instance, a spring element acting between the valve element and the support area.
  • a spring element requires only a small force to bring the valve element back to a closed position and, therefore, will not show a noticeable retarding effect on the valve element 4 when the latter is being brought to its open position.
  • the magnetic coupling between the valve element 4 and the support area 6 magnetisable material is formed anew. It is important for the valve element 4 to abut fully sealingly against the support area 6 to prevent humidity from being adduced by air penetrating into the inhalator. Humidity may cause caking of the pulverous agent.
  • Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate an inhalator with an alternative valve assembly.
  • the valve element 4 comprises an extension 10.
  • the valve element 4 comprises magnetic material in this extension 10 only.
  • the valve element 4 is swivelingly arranged about a link or axis 5 disposed substantially at the transition between the valve element 4 and the extension 10. This link 5 is fastened at a portion of the passage 7 being a lower portion when the inhalator is being used.
  • a recess 11 is arranged to allow the swivelling movement of the extension 10 to the closed position of the valve element 4.
  • the magnetic extension 10 of the valve element 4 is in contact with the magnetisable support area 6.
  • the valve element 4 is kept in this closed position by the magnetic force acting between the extension 10 and the support area 6.
  • a negative pressure of a certain level must be generated in the passage 7, this negative pressure being of a size affecting the valve element 4 with a force larger than the retaining magnetic force.
  • the valve element' s extension 10 is swivelled from its contact with the support area 6, whereat the magnetic force between them ceases to act substantially immediately.
  • the valve element 4 swivels with high velocity towards its open position.
  • valve element 4 Upon the pulverous agent having passed the valve element 4 and the negative pressure having been equilibrated the valve element 4 again tends to move towards its closed position. This is due to the extension 10 being heavier than the rest of the valve element 4, whereby the valve element 4 is swivelled around the link 5 towards its closed position by gravity. In a fully closed position the magnetic contact between the extension 10 and the support area 6 is established again.
  • valve element being kept in a closed position by a mechanical coupling which releases the valve element 4 only upon the aforementioned negative pressure in the passage 7 being reached.
  • valve element be arranged swivellingly but might, for instance, be arranged lb displaceable within the passage 7, the passage in this context being designed so as to allow the pulverous agent to flow past the valve element 4 in its open position.
  • valve element be disposed immediately adjacent downstream of the chamber 3 but can be arranged at any desired location along the extension of the passage 7.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un inhalateur à poudre (1) comprenant un compartiment (3) destiné au stockage d'une dose d'agent pulvérulent, un passage (7) raccordant le compartiment (3) à la sortie (8), un ensemble valve (4, 5, 6, 10) placé au moins partiellement dans le passage (7) et permettant de garder le passage (7) fermé sauf si une dose de l'agent est destinée à être acheminée via le passage (7). L'ensemble valve (4, 5, 6, 10) s'ouvre lorsqu'une pression négative prédéterminée est générée dans la partie du passage (7), comprise entre l'ensemble valve et la sortie (8), par l'inhalation d'un patient. L'invention concerne également un procédé correspondant permettant d'administrer un agent pulvérulent dans les poumons d'un patient.
PCT/SE1999/001192 1998-07-02 1999-06-30 Inhalateur a poudre et procede d'administration correspondant Ceased WO2000001435A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000557879A JP2002519158A (ja) 1998-07-02 1999-06-30 粉末吸入器及びその実行方法
AU50748/99A AU5074899A (en) 1998-07-02 1999-06-30 Powder inhalator and corresponding method of administration
EP99935229A EP1091779A1 (fr) 1998-07-02 1999-06-30 Inhalateur a poudre et procede d'administration correspondant
CA002336358A CA2336358A1 (fr) 1998-07-02 1999-06-30 Inhalateur a poudre et procede d'administration correspondant

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9802380-7 1998-07-02
SE9802380A SE9802380D0 (sv) 1998-07-02 1998-07-02 Inhalator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000001435A1 true WO2000001435A1 (fr) 2000-01-13

Family

ID=20411944

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1999/001192 Ceased WO2000001435A1 (fr) 1998-07-02 1999-06-30 Inhalateur a poudre et procede d'administration correspondant

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1091779A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002519158A (fr)
AU (1) AU5074899A (fr)
CA (1) CA2336358A1 (fr)
SE (1) SE9802380D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000001435A1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001062323A1 (fr) * 2000-02-24 2001-08-30 Medifront Ab Inhalateur de poudre et procede d'administration correspondant
US6550493B2 (en) 2001-06-13 2003-04-22 Baxter International Inc. Vacuum demand valve
US6554023B2 (en) 2001-06-13 2003-04-29 Baxter International Inc. Vacuum demand flow valve
EP1338296A1 (fr) * 2002-02-25 2003-08-27 Fyne Dynamics Ltd. Indicateur de flux
USD499793S1 (en) 2003-03-17 2004-12-14 Baxter International Inc. Valve
US6863261B2 (en) 2002-03-12 2005-03-08 Baxter International Inc. Valve stop
USD507631S1 (en) 2003-03-17 2005-07-19 Baxter International Inc. Valve
US7185651B2 (en) 2002-06-18 2007-03-06 Nektar Therapeutics Flow regulator for aerosol drug delivery and methods
US9179691B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2015-11-10 Aerodesigns, Inc. Delivering aerosolizable food products
CN111905205A (zh) * 2020-07-13 2020-11-10 四川省人民医院 吸入力度可调式吸入剂装置

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5069204A (en) * 1989-08-23 1991-12-03 Riker Laboratories, Inc. Inhaler
US5447150A (en) * 1990-12-01 1995-09-05 Norton Healthcare Limited Medicament dispensing device

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5069204A (en) * 1989-08-23 1991-12-03 Riker Laboratories, Inc. Inhaler
US5447150A (en) * 1990-12-01 1995-09-05 Norton Healthcare Limited Medicament dispensing device

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001062323A1 (fr) * 2000-02-24 2001-08-30 Medifront Ab Inhalateur de poudre et procede d'administration correspondant
US6863083B2 (en) 2001-06-13 2005-03-08 Baxter International Inc. Vacuum demand flow valve
US6679288B2 (en) 2001-06-13 2004-01-20 Baker International Inc. Vacuum demand valve
US6604545B2 (en) 2001-06-13 2003-08-12 Baxter International Inc. Vacuum demand valve
US6648011B2 (en) 2001-06-13 2003-11-18 Baxter International Inc. Vacuum demand valve
US6672333B2 (en) 2001-06-13 2004-01-06 Baxter International Inc. Vacuum demand valve
US6554023B2 (en) 2001-06-13 2003-04-29 Baxter International Inc. Vacuum demand flow valve
US6550493B2 (en) 2001-06-13 2003-04-22 Baxter International Inc. Vacuum demand valve
US6712095B2 (en) 2001-06-13 2004-03-30 Baxter International Inc. Vacuum demand valve
US6684903B2 (en) 2001-06-13 2004-02-03 Baxter International Inc. Vacuum demand valve
EP1338296A1 (fr) * 2002-02-25 2003-08-27 Fyne Dynamics Ltd. Indicateur de flux
US6863261B2 (en) 2002-03-12 2005-03-08 Baxter International Inc. Valve stop
US7185651B2 (en) 2002-06-18 2007-03-06 Nektar Therapeutics Flow regulator for aerosol drug delivery and methods
USD499793S1 (en) 2003-03-17 2004-12-14 Baxter International Inc. Valve
USD507631S1 (en) 2003-03-17 2005-07-19 Baxter International Inc. Valve
US9179691B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2015-11-10 Aerodesigns, Inc. Delivering aerosolizable food products
CN111905205A (zh) * 2020-07-13 2020-11-10 四川省人民医院 吸入力度可调式吸入剂装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1091779A1 (fr) 2001-04-18
AU5074899A (en) 2000-01-24
CA2336358A1 (fr) 2000-01-13
JP2002519158A (ja) 2002-07-02
SE9802380D0 (sv) 1998-07-02

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