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WO2000001362A1 - PREPARATIONS POUR PROTEGER LA PEAU DE JEUNES ENFANTS CONTRE LA $i(DERMATITIS AMMONIACALIS) - Google Patents

PREPARATIONS POUR PROTEGER LA PEAU DE JEUNES ENFANTS CONTRE LA $i(DERMATITIS AMMONIACALIS) Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000001362A1
WO2000001362A1 PCT/EP1999/004507 EP9904507W WO0001362A1 WO 2000001362 A1 WO2000001362 A1 WO 2000001362A1 EP 9904507 W EP9904507 W EP 9904507W WO 0001362 A1 WO0001362 A1 WO 0001362A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
acid
ornithine
arginine
weight
preparations
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP1999/004507
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Volker Schreiner
Gerhard Sauermann
Gerhard Benner
Urte MÄRKER
Michael Christiansen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beiersdorf AG
Original Assignee
Beiersdorf AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beiersdorf AG filed Critical Beiersdorf AG
Priority to EP99936464A priority Critical patent/EP1094787A1/fr
Publication of WO2000001362A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000001362A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/64—Proteins; Peptides; Derivatives or degradation products thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • A61K8/44—Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfur; Salts; Esters or N-acylated derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • A61K8/44—Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfur; Salts; Esters or N-acylated derivatives thereof
    • A61K8/442—Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfur; Salts; Esters or N-acylated derivatives thereof substituted by amido group(s)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q17/00—Barrier preparations; Preparations brought into direct contact with the skin for affording protection against external influences, e.g. sunlight, X-rays or other harmful rays, corrosive materials, bacteria or insect stings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to cosmetic and dermatological preparations for protecting toddler skin against ammoniacal dermatitis and the use of certain amino acids and / or amino acid derivatives for protecting toddler skin against ammoniacal dermatitis.
  • the human skin performs numerous vital functions. With an area of around 2 m 2 in adults, it has an outstanding role as a protective and sensory organ. The task of this organ is to convey and ward off mechanical, thermal, actinic, chemical and biological stimuli. It also has an important role as a regulatory and target organ in human metabolism.
  • Cosmetic skin care is primarily to be understood as strengthening or restoring the natural function of the skin as a barrier against environmental influences (e.g. dirt, chemicals, microorganisms) and against the loss of the body's own substances (e.g. water, natural fats, electrolytes) and its horny layer to support their natural regeneration capacity in the event of damage.
  • environmental influences e.g. dirt, chemicals, microorganisms
  • body's own substances e.g. water, natural fats, electrolytes
  • the skin of newborns and toddlers is particularly thin and is characterized by a weak and permeable barrier in the horny layer.
  • the pH buffer capacity of the baby skin is severely limited, so that changes in the pH value on the skin very quickly lead to skin irritation.
  • the accumulation of urine and faeces in the baby diaper can increase with the participation of microorganisms release of ammonia from urea. This ammonia very quickly penetrates the living cells through the homolayer barrier and can increase the pH of the tissue. With a longer incubation period, this pH increase can lead to diaper rash (dermatitis ammoniacalis).
  • Arg arises in the urea cycle from L-ornithine, carbamoyl phosphate and L-aspartate via argininosuccinate and serves to detoxify the body from ammonia.
  • L-asparagine is synthesized from ammonia and L-aspartic acid.
  • arginine and ornithine and their derivatives are known per se.
  • DE-OS 195 20 662 describes the use of basic amino acids, in particular one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of arginine, ornithine, citrulline and lysine or their salts, acid addition salts, esters or amides, optionally with the addition of folic acid or their Salts, for the prophylaxis and treatment of dandruff and to improve hair strength.
  • DE-OS 195 33 330 describes the use of cosmetic or dermatological topical preparations containing one or more active substances, selected from the group of the compounds arginine, citrulline, ornithine or their salts, acid addition salts, esters or amides, folic acid or salts thereof , Cysteine, N-acetylcysteine, homocysteine, glutamine, the flavins and ceramides.
  • active substances selected from the group of the compounds arginine, citrulline, ornithine or their salts, acid addition salts, esters or amides, folic acid or salts thereof , Cysteine, N-acetylcysteine, homocysteine, glutamine, the flavins and ceramides.
  • DE-OS 43 41 000 describes the use of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of L-arginine, L-ornithine and L-citrulline or their salts, acid addition salts, esters or amides, optionally with the addition of folic acid or its salts and / or one or more compounds selected from the group of flavins, for the prophylaxis and / or treatment of neurosensory phenomena.
  • DE-OS 43 41 001 describes cosmetic and dermatological topical preparations containing L-arginine or its salts, acid additive on salts, esters or amides, urea and folic acid or their salts for the prophylaxis and / or treatment of dry and flaky skin in cosmetics and for skin diseases, in particular atopy or psoriasis.
  • Arginine and / or ornithine and / or aspartic acid are advantageously and preferably used for the purposes of the use according to the invention, although di- and / or oligopeptides from arginine and / or ornithine and / or aspartic acid can also be used advantageously.
  • Preferred dipeptides are N-arginylomithine and N-omithylarginine.
  • L-arginine or L-ornithine or L-aspartic acid it is preferable to start from L-arginine or L-ornithine or L-aspartic acid and their derivatives. Nevertheless, D-arginine or D-ornithine or D-aspartic acid or mixtures with the corresponding L-derivatives can optionally be used advantageously for the purposes of the present invention.
  • Cosmetic and dermatological preparations used according to the invention can e.g. a solution, an emulsion of the type water-in-oil (W / O) or of the type oil-in-water (O / W), or a multiple emulsions, for example of the type water-in-oil-in-water (W / O / W), a gel, a solid stick or an aerosol.
  • the total amount of the substances used according to the invention in the finished 'cosmetic or dermatological preparations is advantageously chosen from the range from 0.1 to 30 wt .-%, preferably 0.25 to 5.0 wt .-%, in particular 0.75 to 3, 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the preparations.
  • oils are sometimes used as a generic term for fats, oils, waxes and the like, as is well known to the person skilled in the art.
  • oil phase and “lipid phase” are also used synonymously.
  • the oils according to the invention are advantageously selected from the group of paraffin oils, polyolefins and petroleum jelly (petrolatum).
  • polyolefins polydecenes and hydrogenated polyisobutene are the preferred substances.
  • the oil phase can furthermore advantageously contain substances selected from the group of the esters from saturated and / or unsaturated, branched and / or unbranched alkane carboxylic acids with a chain length of 3 to 30 carbon atoms and saturated and / or unsaturated, branched and / or unbranched alcohols with a chain length of 3 to 30 C atoms and from the group of esters from aromatic carboxylic acids and saturated and / or unsaturated, branched and / or unbranched alcohols with a chain length of 3 to 30 C atoms.
  • ester oils can then advantageously be selected from the group of isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl stearate, isopropyl oleate, n-butyl stearate, n-hexyl laurate, n-decyl oleate, isooctyl stearate, isononyl stearate, isononylisononanoate, 2-ethylhexyl stylate, 2-ethylhexyl palylate, 2-ethylhexyl palate Octyldodecyl palmitate, oleyl oleate, olerlerucate, erucyl oleate, erucylerucate as well as synthetic, semi-synthetic and natural mixtures of such esters, such as Jojoba oil.
  • the oil phase can advantageously be selected from the group of branched and unbranched hydrocarbons and waxes, the silicone oils, the dialkyl ethers, the group of saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alcohols, and also the fatty acid triglycerides, especially the triglycerol esters of saturated and / or unsaturated, branched and / or unbranched alkane carboxylic acids with a chain length of 8 to 24, in particular 12 - 18 carbon atoms.
  • the fatty acid triglycerides can, for example, advantageously be selected from the group of synthetic, semisynthetic and natural oils, e.g. Olive oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, almond oil, palm oil, coconut oil, Paimkernöl and the like.
  • fat and / or wax components to be used in the oil phase - as minor constituents in smaller quantities - can be selected from the group of vegetable waxes, animal waxes, mineral waxes and petrochemical waxes.
  • Favorable according to the invention are, for example, candelilla wax, carnauba wax, Japanese wax, esparto grass wax, cork wax, guaruma wax, rice germ oil wax, sugar cane wax, berry wax, ouricury wax, montan wax, jojoba wax, shea butter, beeswax, shellac wax, walnut, lanolin (wool wax), pretzel fat, Ceresin, ozokerite (earth wax), paraffin waxes and micro waxes.
  • fat and / or wax components are chemically modified waxes and synthetic waxes, such as those under the trade names Syncrowax HRC (glyceryl tribehenate), Syncrowax HGLC (C ⁇ 6- 36 fatty acid tri-glyceride) and Syncrowax AW 1C (CUJ- 36 fatty acid ) available from CRODA GmbH as well as montan ester waxes, Sasol waxes, hydrogenated jojoba waxes, synthetic or modified beeswaxes (e.g.
  • the fat and / or wax components can be present both individually and in a mixture.
  • any mixtures of such oil and wax components can also be used advantageously for the purposes of the present invention. It may also be advantageous to use waxes, for example cetyl palmitate, as the lipid component of the oil phase.
  • hydrocarbons paraffin oil, hydrogenated polyolefins (e.g. hydrogenated polyisobutene), squalane and squalene can advantageously be used for the purposes of the present invention.
  • the oil phase can advantageously also contain cyclic or linear silicone oils or consist entirely of such oils.
  • Cyclomethicone (octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane) can advantageously be used.
  • other silicone oils can also be used advantageously for the purposes of the present invention, for example hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane, poly (methylphenylsiloxane).
  • the aqueous phase of the preparations according to the invention advantageously advantageously contains alcohols, diols or polyols of low C number, and their ethers, preferably ethanol, isopropanol, propylene glycol, glycerol, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monoethyl or monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl, monoethyl or mono - Butyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl or monoethyl ether and similar products, furthermore alcohols with a low C number, for example ethanol, isopropanol, 1, 2-propanediol, glycerol and in particular one or more thickeners, which can advantageously be selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, Aluminum silicates, polysaccharides or their derivatives, for example hyaluronic acid, xanthan gum, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, particularly advantageously from the group of polyacrylates, preferably a polyacrylate from the group
  • compositions are also obtained if antioxidants are used as additives or active ingredients.
  • the preparations advantageously contain one or more antioxidants. All of the antioxidants suitable or customary for cosmetic and / or dermatological applications can be used as inexpensive, but nevertheless optional, antioxidants.
  • the antioxidants are advantageously selected from the group consisting of amino acids (eg glycine, histidine, tyrosine, tryptophan) and their derivatives, imidazoles (eg urocanic acid) and their derivatives, peptides such as D, L-carnosine, D-carnosine, L-carno- sin and their derivatives (e.g. anserine), carotenoids, carotenes (e.g. carotene, ß-carotene, - ⁇ -lycopene) and their derivatives, lipoic acid and their derivatives (e.g.
  • amino acids eg glycine, histidine, tyrosine, tryptophan
  • imidazoles eg urocanic acid
  • peptides such as D, L-carnosine, D-carnosine, L-carno- sin and their derivatives (e.g. anserine)
  • carotenoids e.g. caro
  • thiols e.g. thioredoxin , Glutathione, cysteine, cystine, cystamine and their glycosyl, N-acetyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, amyl, butyl and lauryl, palmitoyl, oleyl, ⁇ -linoleyl, cholesteryl and Glyceryl esters
  • salts dilauryl thiodipropionate, distearyl thiodipropionate, thiodipropionic acid and their derivatives (esters, ethers, peptides, lipids, nucleotides, nucleosides and salts) as well as sulfoximine compounds (e.g.
  • buthioninsulfoximines homocystinsulfoximine, buthioninsulfones, penta- sulfins, penta- Hexa-, heptathioninsulfoximi n) in very low tolerable doses (eg pmol to ⁇ mol / kg), furthermore (metal) chelators (eg ⁇ -hydroxy fatty acids, palmitic acid, phytic acid, lactoferrin), ⁇ -hydroxy acids ö
  • ZnO, ZnSO 4 selenium and its derivatives (e.g. Selenomethionine), stilbenes and their derivatives (eg stilbene oxide, trans-stilbene oxide) and the derivatives suitable according to the invention (salts, esters, ethers, zu cker, nucleotides, nucleosides, peptides and lipids) of these active ingredients.
  • Oil-soluble antioxidants can be used particularly advantageously for the purposes of the present invention.
  • the amount of the antioxidants (one or more compounds) in the preparations is preferably 0.001 to 30% by weight, particularly preferably 0.05-20% by weight, in particular 1-10% by weight, based on the total weight of the preparation .
  • vitamin E and / or its derivatives represent the antioxidant (s)
  • vitamin A or vitamin A derivatives or carotenes or their derivatives represent the antioxidant or antioxidants, it is advantageous to use their respective concentrations in the range from 0.001-10% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulation, to choose.
  • the cosmetic and dermatological preparations according to the invention can furthermore contain cosmetic auxiliaries as are usually used in such preparations, for example consistency agents, stabilizers, fillers, preservatives.
  • agents perfumes, substances to prevent foaming, dyes, pigments that have a coloring effect, thickeners, surface-active substances, emulsifiers, softening, moisturizing and / or moisturizing substances, anti-inflammatory substances, additional active substances such as vitamins or proteins, light stabilizers, insect repellents, bactericides , Virucides, water, salts, antimicrobial, proteolytically or keratolytically active substances, medicines or other usual components of a cosmetic or dermatological formulation such as alcohols, polyols, polymers, foam stabilizers, organic solvents or electrolytes.
  • Fats, waxes and other natural and synthetic fat bodies preferably esters of fatty acids with alcohols of low C number, e.g. with isopropanol, propylene glycol or glycerin, or esters of fatty alcohols with low C number alkanoic acids or with fatty acids;
  • ethers preferably ethanol, isopropanol, propylene glycol, glycerin, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monoethyl or monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl, monoethyl or monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl or monoethyl ether and analog products.
  • Preparations according to the present invention can furthermore advantageously contain antirythematous active ingredients in customary concentrations, for example batyl alcohol ( ⁇ -octadecylglyceryl ether), selachyl alcohol ( ⁇ -9-octadecenylglyceryl ether), chimyl alcohol ( ⁇ -hexadecylglyceryl ether) and / or bisabolol.
  • batyl alcohol ⁇ -octadecylglyceryl ether
  • selachyl alcohol ⁇ -9-octadecenylglyceryl ether
  • chimyl alcohol ⁇ -hexadecylglyceryl ether
  • C 12 is alkyl benzoates 3.00
  • Glyceryl caprylate q.s.
  • Glyceryl caprylate q.s.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Dermatology (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne l'utilisation d'une ou de plusieurs substances, sélectionnées dans le groupe comprenant l'arginine, l'ornithine et/ou l'acide aspartique, ainsi que des di- et des oligopeptides issus d'arginine et/ou d'ornithine et/ou d'acide aspartique provenant de jusqu'à dix unités d'aminoacide, pour protéger la peau contre la dermatitis ammoniacalis.
PCT/EP1999/004507 1998-07-03 1999-06-30 PREPARATIONS POUR PROTEGER LA PEAU DE JEUNES ENFANTS CONTRE LA $i(DERMATITIS AMMONIACALIS) Ceased WO2000001362A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99936464A EP1094787A1 (fr) 1998-07-03 1999-06-30 Preparations pour proteger la peau de jeunes enfants contre la dermatitis ammoniacalis

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1998129709 DE19829709A1 (de) 1998-07-03 1998-07-03 Zubereitungen zum Schutze der Kleinkinderhaut vor Dermatitis ammoniacalis
DE19829709.2 1998-07-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000001362A1 true WO2000001362A1 (fr) 2000-01-13

Family

ID=7872842

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1999/004507 Ceased WO2000001362A1 (fr) 1998-07-03 1999-06-30 PREPARATIONS POUR PROTEGER LA PEAU DE JEUNES ENFANTS CONTRE LA $i(DERMATITIS AMMONIACALIS)

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1094787A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19829709A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000001362A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001085128A3 (fr) * 2000-05-08 2002-04-11 Pfizer Prod Inc Compositions aerosol de protection de la peau
US8073068B2 (en) 2005-08-22 2011-12-06 Qualcomm Incorporated Selective virtual antenna transmission
US8798201B2 (en) 2006-09-06 2014-08-05 Qualcomm Incorporated Codeword permutation and reduced feedback for grouped antennas
US9178584B2 (en) 2005-03-11 2015-11-03 Qualcomm Incorporated System and methods for reducing uplink resources to provide channel performance feedback for adjustment of downlink MIMO channel data rates
US9660776B2 (en) 2005-08-22 2017-05-23 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for providing antenna diversity in a wireless communication system

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10025123B4 (de) * 2000-05-20 2014-07-10 Beiersdorf Ag Desodorierende Zubereitungen mit Oligoglycerinmonocarbonsäuremonoestern, Arylverbindungen und Glycerylethern
DE10025122A1 (de) * 2000-05-20 2001-11-22 Beiersdorf Ag Kombinationen von Clycerinmonoalkylethern und Fettsäreglyceriden
DE10025124B4 (de) * 2000-05-20 2015-07-16 Beiersdorf Ag Kombinationen von Glycerinmonoalkylethern und Aryl-substituierten Alkoholen
DE10202312A1 (de) * 2002-01-23 2003-07-31 Beiersdorf Ag Kosmetische und dermatologische Pflegeöle mit einem Gehalt an Wachsen
DE102006035040A1 (de) * 2006-07-28 2008-01-31 Beiersdorf Ag Wirkstoffkombinationen aus Ascorbylverbindung und hydriertem Lecithin

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RO79428A2 (fr) * 1980-12-25 1983-02-15 Intreprinderea "Sintofarm",Ro Composition medicamenteuse pour le traitement des dermatoses
EP0413528A1 (fr) * 1989-08-15 1991-02-20 Ruey J. Dr. Yu Compositions amphotériques et formes polymériques des alpha-hydroxy-acides, et leur application thérapeutique
US5425954A (en) * 1993-09-30 1995-06-20 Curafas Incorporated Topical amino acid - vitamin complex compositions for pharmaceutical and cosmetic use

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3905299C1 (fr) * 1989-02-21 1990-08-09 Peter Prof. Dr.Med. 7980 Ravensburg De Klein
DE4341000A1 (de) * 1993-12-02 1995-06-08 Beiersdorf Ag Verwendung von L-Arginin, L-Ornithin oder L-Citrullin und topischen Zubereitungen mit diesen Stoffen
DE4341001A1 (de) * 1993-12-02 1995-06-08 Beiersdorf Ag Topische Zubereitungen mit einem Gehalt an L-Arginin

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RO79428A2 (fr) * 1980-12-25 1983-02-15 Intreprinderea "Sintofarm",Ro Composition medicamenteuse pour le traitement des dermatoses
EP0413528A1 (fr) * 1989-08-15 1991-02-20 Ruey J. Dr. Yu Compositions amphotériques et formes polymériques des alpha-hydroxy-acides, et leur application thérapeutique
US5425954A (en) * 1993-09-30 1995-06-20 Curafas Incorporated Topical amino acid - vitamin complex compositions for pharmaceutical and cosmetic use

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS STN; XP002121231 *

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001085128A3 (fr) * 2000-05-08 2002-04-11 Pfizer Prod Inc Compositions aerosol de protection de la peau
US6949249B2 (en) 2000-05-08 2005-09-27 Pfizer Inc. Skin protectant spray compositions
AU2001248715B2 (en) * 2000-05-08 2005-10-13 Pfizer Products Inc. Skin protectant spray compositions
US9178584B2 (en) 2005-03-11 2015-11-03 Qualcomm Incorporated System and methods for reducing uplink resources to provide channel performance feedback for adjustment of downlink MIMO channel data rates
US8073068B2 (en) 2005-08-22 2011-12-06 Qualcomm Incorporated Selective virtual antenna transmission
US9660776B2 (en) 2005-08-22 2017-05-23 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for providing antenna diversity in a wireless communication system
US9860033B2 (en) 2005-08-22 2018-01-02 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for antenna diversity in multi-input multi-output communication systems
US8798201B2 (en) 2006-09-06 2014-08-05 Qualcomm Incorporated Codeword permutation and reduced feedback for grouped antennas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19829709A1 (de) 2000-01-05
EP1094787A1 (fr) 2001-05-02

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