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WO2000055661A1 - Fibre de guide d'onde a surface efficace importante - Google Patents

Fibre de guide d'onde a surface efficace importante Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000055661A1
WO2000055661A1 PCT/US2000/005948 US0005948W WO0055661A1 WO 2000055661 A1 WO2000055661 A1 WO 2000055661A1 US 0005948 W US0005948 W US 0005948W WO 0055661 A1 WO0055661 A1 WO 0055661A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
range
segment
waveguide fiber
single mode
optical waveguide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2000/005948
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English (en)
Inventor
Ming-Jun Li
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Corning Inc
Original Assignee
Corning Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Corning Inc filed Critical Corning Inc
Priority to JP2000605237A priority Critical patent/JP2003517626A/ja
Priority to BR0008648-7A priority patent/BR0008648A/pt
Priority to KR1020017011558A priority patent/KR20010113736A/ko
Priority to AU36187/00A priority patent/AU3618700A/en
Priority to EP00914851A priority patent/EP1161697A1/fr
Priority to CA002367275A priority patent/CA2367275A1/fr
Priority to US09/936,393 priority patent/US6687441B1/en
Publication of WO2000055661A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000055661A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/028—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with core or cladding having graded refractive index
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
    • G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
    • G02B6/03638—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 3 layers only
    • G02B6/03644—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 3 layers only arranged - + -
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02004—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating characterised by the core effective area or mode field radius
    • G02B6/02009—Large effective area or mode field radius, e.g. to reduce nonlinear effects in single mode fibres
    • G02B6/02014—Effective area greater than 60 square microns in the C band, i.e. 1530-1565 nm
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02214—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating tailored to obtain the desired dispersion, e.g. dispersion shifted, dispersion flattened
    • G02B6/0228—Characterised by the wavelength dispersion slope properties around 1550 nm
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/032—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with non solid core or cladding
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
    • G02B6/03605—Highest refractive index not on central axis
    • G02B6/03611—Highest index adjacent to central axis region, e.g. annular core, coaxial ring, centreline depression affecting waveguiding

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to an optical waveguide fiber having a segmented core design.
  • the core is designed to provide a fiber that reduces non-linear effects while maintaining a standard resistance to bend.
  • a waveguide having large effective area reduces non-linear optical effects, including self phase modulation, four wave mixing, cross phase modulation, and non-linear scattering processes, all of which can cause degradation of signals in high power systems.
  • a mathematical description of these non-linear effects includes the ratio, P/A eff , where P is optical power.
  • a non-linear optical effect may be characterized by an equation containing a term, exp [PxL eff /A eff ], where L e f is effective length.
  • a ef ⁇ produces a decrease in the non-linear contribution to the degradation of a light signal.
  • the benefit of large A ⁇ f f can also be illustrated using the equation for refractive index that includes the non-linear refractive index.
  • the refractive index of silica based optical waveguide fiber is known to be non-linear with respect to the light electric field.
  • the present invention is directed to a core refractive index profile species, of the segmented core genus, that reduces non-linear effects and which is particularly suited to transmission of high power, multiplexed signals over long distances without regeneration.
  • the definition of high power and long distance is most meaningful in the context of a particular telecommunication system wherein a bit rate, a bit error rate, a multiplexing scheme, and perhaps optical amplifiers are specified. There are additional factors, known to those skilled in the art, which have impact upon the meaning of high power and long distance. However, for most purposes, high power is an optical power greater than about 10 mW. For example, a long distance is one in which the distance between electronic regenerators can be in excess of 100 km.
  • optical waveguide fiber designed to have the properties similar to those of standard step index fiber or standard dispersion shifted fiber with the additional properties of relatively large effective area and low dispersion slope.
  • the window of operation of greatest interest at this time is that near 1550 nm.
  • the fiber of this invention can be designed to operate over this window, which may extend from, for example, about 1400 nm to 1700 nm.
  • the radii of the segments of the core are defined in terms of the index of refraction of the segment material.
  • a particular segment has a first and a last refractive index point.
  • a central segment has an inner radius of zero because the first point of the segment is on the centerline.
  • the outer radius of the central segment is the radius drawn from the waveguide centerline to the last point of the refractive index of the central segment.
  • the radius from the waveguide centerline to the location of this first refractive index point is the inner radius of that segment.
  • the radius from the waveguide centerline to the location of the last refractive index point of the segment is the outer radius of that segment.
  • the segment radius may be conveniently defined in a number of ways. In this application radii are defined in accord with Fig.1 , described in detail below.
  • An effective diameter, D e ff may be defined as,
  • ⁇ % 100 x (n, - n c )/n c , where n, is the maximum refractive index of the index profile segment denoted as i, and n c , the reference refractive index, is taken to be the minimum index of the clad layer. Every point in a segment has an associated relative index. The maximum relative index is used to conveniently characterize a segment whose general shape is known.
  • refractive index profile or simply index profile is the relation between ⁇ % or refractive index and radius over a selected segment of the core.
  • Other index profiles include a step index, a trapezoidal index and a rounded step index, in which the rounding is usually due to dopant diffusion in regions of rapid refractive index change.
  • Total dispersion is defined as the algebraic sum of waveguide dispersion and material dispersion. Total dispersion is sometimes called chromatic dispersion in the art. The units of total dispersion are ps/nm-km.
  • a bend test referenced herein is the pin array bend test that is used to compare relative resistance of waveguide fiber to bending. To perform this test, attenuation loss is measured for a waveguide fiber with essentially no induced bending loss. The waveguide fiber is then woven in a serpentine path through the pin array and attenuation again measured. The loss induced by bending is the difference between the two measured attenuation values.
  • the pin array is a set of ten cylindrical pins arranged in a single row and held in a fixed vertical position on a flat surface. The pin spacing is 5 mm, center to center. The pin diameter is 0.67 mm. During testing, sufficient tension is applied to make the serpentine woven waveguide fiber conform to the portions of the pin surface at which there is contact between fiber and pin.
  • Another bend test referenced herein is the lateral load test.
  • a prescribed length of waveguide fiber is placed between two flat plates.
  • a #70 wire mesh is attached to one of the plates.
  • a known length of waveguide fiber is sandwiched between the plates and a reference attenuation is measured while the plates are pressed together with a force of 30 newtons.
  • a 70 newton force is then applied to the plates and the increase in attenuation in dB/m is measured. This increase in attenuation is the lateral load attenuation of the waveguide.
  • a first aspect of the invention is a single mode optical waveguide fiber having a segmented core region.
  • the core has a central segment and at least one annular segment surrounding the central segment.
  • Each segment is defined in terms of its radii and ⁇ %.
  • the central segment is a void that therefore has a refractive index of about 1 over its radius.
  • the relative index of the void is negative because the reference index has been chosen to be silica.
  • a feature of the invention is that the central segment has a large negative relative index without the usual process complications that result from down doping a glass.
  • the radii and relative indexes of the segments are selected to provide an effective area greater than about 70 ⁇ m 2 and a dispersion slope less than about 0.08 ps/nm-km.
  • the induced attenuation under lateral load, as defined above is less than about 0.8 dB/m.
  • An embodiment of the waveguide fiber is characterized by a zero dispersion wavelength in the range of about 1450 nm to 1650 nm.
  • Another embodiment is characterized by a radius of the central void in the range of about 0 to 3 ⁇ m.
  • Yet a further embodiment includes, in addition to the central void, three annular segments that surround the central void. The annular segments are layered one upon another. The central segment and the three annular segments have respective relative indexes, ⁇ -i % > ⁇ 3 % > ⁇ 2 % > ⁇ 0 %, where the segment numbering is consecutive beginning with 0 for the central segment.
  • a further embodiment has a second annular segment for which the relative index ⁇ 2 % is negative.
  • each respective annular segment can have a shape that is a step, and ⁇ -profile, a rounded step, or a trapezoid in any permutation or combination.
  • Fig. 1 is a general segmented core refractive index profile that shows the definitions of radius used in this specification.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross section illustration of an embodiment of the fiber of the invention.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates the definition of relative refractive index, ⁇ , for an embodiment of the refractive index profile of the invention.
  • Figs. 4-8 are charts of relative refractive index versus fiber radius for exemplary embodiments of the invention.
  • the core segments are indicated as 16 (the void), 2, 6, and 8. Segments 2, 6, and 8 have a shape depending upon ⁇ % versus radial position.
  • the radius of central void 16 is shown as length 4, the distance from the centerline to the first point at which the relative index is zero. This first point will also be understood to be the intersection of the first annular segment profile with the horizontal axis.
  • the radius of the central void is also the inner radius of the first annular segment.
  • the first annular segment 2 is delimited by the radius 4 and the radius 14.
  • the radius 14 extends from the fiber centerline to the intersection with the horizontal axis of the line formed by extrapolating the descending portion of the first segment refractive index profile.
  • the second annular segment has an outer radius given by radius 7, the distance from the fiber centerline to the radial point at which the relative index is half the maximum ⁇ % of the third segment.
  • the characteristic radius of the segment 8 is radius 12, which extends from the fiber centerline to the midpoint of the base of segment 8, as indicated by point 3.
  • This convention for final annular radius is used for all refractive index profiles described herein.
  • a convenient measure of a profile segment is the width 10 shown between vertical lines 5. Lines 5 depend from the half-maximum % delta index points of the segment. This convention for annular width is used for all final profile segments of profiles disclosed and described herein.
  • void 18 a main feature of the refractive index profile, extends substantially the full length of the waveguide fiber.
  • the void is surrounded by annular core segment 22, which in turn is surrounded by clad 20.
  • the core region may include additional annular segments, not shown.
  • FIG. 3 An embodiment of a refractive index profile that corresponds to the cross section view of Fig. 2 is illustrated in Fig. 3.
  • the central void 18 has refractive index n 0 .
  • the step shaped annular segment 22 has refractive index n- and the clad layer has refractive index n c .
  • the step shape 22 has rounded edges that can be due to diffusion of dopant material during the process of making the waveguide fiber preform.
  • the gradations on the radius axis show that the radius of the void is about 1 ⁇ m and the outer radius of annular segment 22 is about 4.5 ⁇ m.
  • the central segment radius r 0 is in the range of about 0.05 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m. The central segment is surrounded by and in contact with an annular segment adjacent the central segment.
  • This annular segment comprises a rounded step profile having a center radius n, measured from the centerline to the geometrical center of the annular segment, in the range of about 2 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m.
  • the width of the annular core segment Wi is measured at the half maximum relative index points of the annular segment, and is in the range of about 0.5 ⁇ m to 5.0 ⁇ m. Its relative index, ⁇ %, in the range of about 0.4% to 1.1 %.
  • An alternative embodiment in accord with Fig. 4 has the same void as just described and an annular segment shape that is an ⁇ -profile, ⁇ being about 1.
  • the radius n is in the range of about 4 ⁇ m to 8 ⁇ m and the relative index, ⁇ %, in the range of about 0.7% to 1.1 %.
  • the radius of the central segment is again in the range of about 0.05 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m and the first annular segment is as described immediately above.
  • This core region embodiment includes a second annular segment having a step index profile and a relative index, ⁇ 2 %, in the range less than about 0.2%, and an outer radius, r 2 , in the range of about 7 ⁇ m to 9 ⁇ m.
  • the core region is segmented and has central segment and first annular segment radii and ⁇ 's as described immediately above.
  • This core region embodiment includes a third annular segment, see for example any one of Figs. 5-8, surrounding and in contact with the second annular segment.
  • the center radius of this third segment is in the range of about 7.5 ⁇ m to 10.5 ⁇ m. Its width is in the range of about 1.0 ⁇ m to
  • a first annular segment shape is an ⁇ -profile, ⁇ being about 1.
  • the radius r-i of this first annular region is in the range of about 4 ⁇ m to 8 ⁇ m and the relative index, ⁇ -,%, in the range of about 0.7% to 1.1 %.
  • the core further has a third segment of radius r 2 in the range of about 8 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m and a relative index ⁇ 2 % that is negative, as illustrated in segment 24 of Fig. 6.
  • a preferred range for ⁇ 2 % is about 0 to - 0.3%.
  • This embodiment can include a third annular segment having a rounded step index profile and a center radius, r 3 , in the range of about 9 ⁇ m to 11 ⁇ m, a width in the range of about 1.5 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m, and a relative index, ⁇ 3 %, in the range of about 0.2% to 0.4%.
  • the core region has a central segment of radius r 0 in the range of about 0.05 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m, and an adjacent annular segment having an ⁇ -profile wherein ⁇ is about 1.
  • the outside radius, r 1 in the range of about 4 ⁇ m to 6 ⁇ m and a relative index, ⁇ %, in the range of about 0.9% to 1.1 %.
  • a second annular segment has an outer radius, r 2 , in the range of about 8 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m and a relative index, ⁇ 2 %, in the range of about 0 to -0.3%.
  • a third annular segment has a rounded step index profile and a center radius, r 3 , in the range of about 9 ⁇ m to 11 ⁇ m, a width in the range of about 1.5 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m, and a relative index, ⁇ 3 %, in the range of about 0.2% to 0.4%.
  • Yet another embodiment has a core region having a central segment of radius r 0 in the range of about 0.05 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m, and an adjacent annular segment having an ⁇ -profile, where ⁇ is about 1.
  • This annular segment has an outside radius, ⁇ , in the range of about 4 ⁇ m to 6 ⁇ m and a relative index, ⁇ - ⁇ %, in the range of about 0.9% to 1.1 %.
  • a second annular segment may be added to this embodiment, the second annular segment having a step index profile and a relative index, ⁇ 2 %, in the range of about 0 to 0.2%, and an outer radius, r 2 , in the range of about 7 ⁇ m to 9 ⁇ m.
  • a third annular segment may be added that has a rounded step profile and a center radius, r 3 , in the range of about 7.5 ⁇ m to 9 ⁇ m, a width in the range of about 1.0 ⁇ m to 2.5 ⁇ m, and a relative index, ⁇ 3 %, in the range of about 0.2% to 0.4%.
  • the relative index of the void is negative because the reference refractive index is that of the clad layer.
  • the presence of the void provides the benefits of having a negative relative index for the central segment of the core without the processing difficulties encountered in using a glass for the central segment having an index decreased by a dopant such as fluorine.
  • the properties of the index profile of Fig. 4 have been calculated and are set forth in Table 1 , together with the calculated properties of the index profiles of Figs. 5-8.
  • the embodiment of the index profile shown in Fig. 5 has a core region that includes three annular segments, 22, 24, and 26.
  • the relative indexes and radii of the segments may be read from the axes of the index profile chart.
  • the second annular core segment 24 is substantially flat and annular core segment 26 has a rounded triangular shape. All core segments except the central void 18 have positive relative indexes.
  • the embodiment of the refractive index profile shown in Fig. 6 has a second annular core segment 24 of negative relative index.
  • the profile shape of the third annular core segment is a rounded step. Referring to Table 1 below, it is seen that this configuration provides the desired low dispersion slope, large effective area, and bend resistance.
  • the embodiment of the refractive index profile shown in Fig. 7 is similar to that of Fig. 5 except that the relative index of first annular core segment 22 is comparatively lower in the Fig. 7 profile.
  • the comparison of the optical performance of these two core designs provides one with some clarification of the role of the index peak of the first (innermost) annular segment.
  • the sacrifice in performance due to lowering the peak relative index of the first annular segment appears to be induced bend loss.
  • a reduced amount of dopant often provides lower Rayleigh scattering, i.e., a lower attenuation coefficient, which, in some telecommunications systems, may be of greater importance than bend resistance.
  • Fig. 8 The embodiment set forth in Fig. 8 is similar to that of Figs. 5 and 7 except that the peak relative index of the first annular core segment 22 is comparatively larger. Table 1 shows that bend performance is good in the Fig. 8 embodiment. Table 1.
  • the zero dispersion wavelength is ⁇ 0 ; dispersion slope is S; mode field diameter is MFD; cabled cutoff wavelength is ⁇ cc ; effective area is A erf ; pin array bending loss is PA; and lateral load bending loss is LL.
  • a preferred wavelength range for telecommunications applications is about 1500 nm to 1600 nm.
  • the dispersion slope S can be made essentially constant over such a wavelength range.
  • the optical performance of all the embodiments in Table 1 is satisfactory.
  • the Table serves to indicate what profile modifications improve a particular parameter as well as what impact the modification may have on other parameters.
  • the service environment of the waveguide fiber helps to determine the desirability of one profile choice, in accord with the invention, over another profile choice.
  • the invention includes embodiments that have more than three annular segments. Due to the increased difficulty of manufacture as the number of core segments increases, one preferably chooses a waveguide fiber core that has the desired optical properties and the fewest number of segments.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
  • Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur une fibre de guide d'onde optique à mode unique possédant une âme segmentée dans laquelle le segment central est un vide (16). La forme et l'extension radiale des segments de l'âme sont sélectionnées de façon à avoir une pente de faible dispersion ainsi qu'une surface efficace importante et une bonne résistance à la courbure. L'invention porte également sur des réalisations de profiles à indice de réfraction possédant deux ou trois segments annulaires (2, 6, 8) entourant le vide central. La présence du vide offre les avantages d'un indice relatif négatif centré dans la région de l'âme sans les difficultés de traitement associées à l'utilisation de dopants qui réduisent l'indice de réfraction de la fibre du guide d'onde.
PCT/US2000/005948 1999-03-12 2000-03-07 Fibre de guide d'onde a surface efficace importante Ceased WO2000055661A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000605237A JP2003517626A (ja) 1999-03-12 2000-03-07 大なる実効断面積を有する導波路ファイバ
BR0008648-7A BR0008648A (pt) 1999-03-12 2000-03-07 Fibra de guia de onda de grande área efetiva
KR1020017011558A KR20010113736A (ko) 1999-03-12 2000-03-07 유효 면적이 큰 도파관 섬유
AU36187/00A AU3618700A (en) 1999-03-12 2000-03-07 Large effective area waveguide fiber
EP00914851A EP1161697A1 (fr) 1999-03-12 2000-03-07 Fibre de guide d'onde a surface efficace importante
CA002367275A CA2367275A1 (fr) 1999-03-12 2000-03-07 Fibre de guide d'onde a surface efficace importante
US09/936,393 US6687441B1 (en) 1999-03-12 2000-03-07 Large effective area waveguide fiber

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12386299P 1999-03-12 1999-03-12
US60/123,862 1999-03-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000055661A1 true WO2000055661A1 (fr) 2000-09-21

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PCT/US2000/005948 Ceased WO2000055661A1 (fr) 1999-03-12 2000-03-07 Fibre de guide d'onde a surface efficace importante

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EP (1) EP1161697A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003517626A (fr)
KR (1) KR20010113736A (fr)
CN (1) CN1344376A (fr)
AU (1) AU3618700A (fr)
BR (1) BR0008648A (fr)
CA (1) CA2367275A1 (fr)
ID (1) ID29803A (fr)
WO (1) WO2000055661A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1336878A3 (fr) * 2002-02-13 2005-02-16 FUJIKURA Ltd. Fibre optique
WO2002088801A3 (fr) * 2001-03-12 2007-11-29 Crystal Fibre As Fibres photoniques en cristal a compensation de dispersion par mode de rang superieur
EP1884808A3 (fr) * 2006-08-01 2011-04-20 Furukawa Electric North America Inc. (a Delaware Corporation) Fibres optiques pour applications haute puissance

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3973828A (en) * 1973-06-04 1976-08-10 Hitachi, Ltd. Optical wave guide
EP0789255A1 (fr) * 1996-02-12 1997-08-13 Corning Incorporated Fibre optique monomode ayant une surface effective et large
US5675690A (en) * 1995-07-07 1997-10-07 Alcatel Submarcom Dispersion-flattened single-mode optical waveguide with large effective mode surface area
EP0859247A2 (fr) * 1997-02-12 1998-08-19 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Fibre à dispersion décalée

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3973828A (en) * 1973-06-04 1976-08-10 Hitachi, Ltd. Optical wave guide
US5675690A (en) * 1995-07-07 1997-10-07 Alcatel Submarcom Dispersion-flattened single-mode optical waveguide with large effective mode surface area
EP0789255A1 (fr) * 1996-02-12 1997-08-13 Corning Incorporated Fibre optique monomode ayant une surface effective et large
EP0859247A2 (fr) * 1997-02-12 1998-08-19 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Fibre à dispersion décalée

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
NOUCHI P ET AL: "NEW DISPERSION SHIFTED FIBER WITH EFFECTIVE AREA LARGER THAN 90 MUM2", PROCEEDINGS OF THE EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON OPTICAL COMMUNICATION, 1996, XP000775986 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002088801A3 (fr) * 2001-03-12 2007-11-29 Crystal Fibre As Fibres photoniques en cristal a compensation de dispersion par mode de rang superieur
EP1336878A3 (fr) * 2002-02-13 2005-02-16 FUJIKURA Ltd. Fibre optique
US7158706B2 (en) 2002-02-13 2007-01-02 Fujikura Ltd. Optical fiber
EP1884808A3 (fr) * 2006-08-01 2011-04-20 Furukawa Electric North America Inc. (a Delaware Corporation) Fibres optiques pour applications haute puissance

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ID29803A (id) 2001-10-11
KR20010113736A (ko) 2001-12-28
AU3618700A (en) 2000-10-04
BR0008648A (pt) 2001-12-26
CA2367275A1 (fr) 2000-09-21
JP2003517626A (ja) 2003-05-27
EP1161697A1 (fr) 2001-12-12
CN1344376A (zh) 2002-04-10

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