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WO2000049901A2 - Produit que l'on peut fumer - Google Patents

Produit que l'on peut fumer Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000049901A2
WO2000049901A2 PCT/EP1999/001263 EP9901263W WO0049901A2 WO 2000049901 A2 WO2000049901 A2 WO 2000049901A2 EP 9901263 W EP9901263 W EP 9901263W WO 0049901 A2 WO0049901 A2 WO 0049901A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filter
product according
tobacco
smokable product
smokable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP1999/001263
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2000049901A3 (fr
Inventor
Werner Rahn
Wolfram Röper
Henning Seidel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HF and PhF Reemtsma GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
HF and PhF Reemtsma GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to TR2001/02488T priority Critical patent/TR200102488T2/xx
Priority to AU30307/99A priority patent/AU3030799A/en
Priority to CA002360852A priority patent/CA2360852A1/fr
Priority to EP99911715A priority patent/EP1178741A2/fr
Priority to JP2000600518A priority patent/JP2003500008A/ja
Priority to HU0203227A priority patent/HUP0203227A3/hu
Priority to PL99353568A priority patent/PL353568A1/xx
Priority to EEP200100445A priority patent/EE200100445A/xx
Priority to HR20010596A priority patent/HRP20010596A2/hr
Priority to PCT/EP1999/001263 priority patent/WO2000049901A2/fr
Priority to IL14425299A priority patent/IL144252A0/xx
Priority to SK1203-2001A priority patent/SK12032001A3/sk
Application filed by HF and PhF Reemtsma GmbH and Co filed Critical HF and PhF Reemtsma GmbH and Co
Priority to EA200100917A priority patent/EA200100917A1/ru
Priority to CZ20012899A priority patent/CZ20012899A3/cs
Priority to KR1020017010705A priority patent/KR20010108248A/ko
Priority to TW088112688A priority patent/TW480157B/zh
Priority to IS6059A priority patent/IS6059A/is
Publication of WO2000049901A2 publication Critical patent/WO2000049901A2/fr
Priority to NO20014133A priority patent/NO20014133L/no
Priority to BG105844A priority patent/BG105844A/bg
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Publication of WO2000049901A3 publication Critical patent/WO2000049901A3/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/30—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances
    • A24B15/302—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances by natural substances obtained from animals or plants
    • A24B15/303—Plant extracts other than tobacco
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/30—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/30—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances
    • A24B15/308—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/16—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of inorganic materials
    • A24D3/163—Carbon
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to smokable products, such as filter cigarettes, filter cigarillos or filtered cigars, which have a gas-phase-active filter and / or gas-phase-active cigarette paper and / or one or more other components accessible to the mainstream smoke with an addition of gas-phase-active substances and with an additive are provided with antioxidant substances.
  • filter systems with deposits of gas-phase-active substances such as activated carbon are known which specifically reduce the gas phase of cigarillos or cigarettes.
  • Such filter cigarettes are known which specifically reduce the gas phase of cigarillos or cigarettes.
  • CONFIRMATION COPY are described, for example, in DE-PS 41 05 500 Cl or EP-PS 0 558 166 B1.
  • DE-PS 44 16 101 C2 also discloses smokable tobacco products which contain natural antioxidative substances for reducing the mutagenic potential of tobacco smoke.
  • the distribution of blood in the smallest blood vessels - the microcirculation - is the most important part of the blood circulation. This is where the diffusion of oxygen, nutrients and metabolic products between blood and tissue cells takes place.
  • the microcirculation and the macrocirculation in the arteries and veins There are major differences between the microcirculation and the macrocirculation in the arteries and veins: in the smallest blood vessels (capillaries, arterioles and venules), blood cells and blood plasma separate more or less and only reunite in the veins after they have flowed through the microvascular network.
  • the microcirculation is adapted to the requirements of the respective tissue by a series of control mechanisms, its functional state is determined by the flow properties and flow conditions of the blood.
  • the distribution of blood cells in the microvessels is important both for the "nutrition” of adjacent tissue cells (red blood cells) and for the immune response (white blood cells).
  • the functional state of the microcirculation in the oral mucosa - a representative organ region - and other organs or organ regions is temporarily changed.
  • the blood distribution in the microvessels is somewhat restricted, the flow strength in the small blood vessels decreases, and white blood cells appear in the vessels, which temporarily on the Adherent vessel walls (initiation of an immune reaction).
  • HSR main flow smoke
  • NSR secondary flow smoke
  • a smokable product e.g. a filter cigarette, a filter cigarillo or a filtered cigar
  • a) contains a gas phase active filter and / or gas phase active cigarette paper and / or one or more others, the
  • Components accessible to mainstream smoke contain an addition of gas-phase-active substances and b) the strand of tobacco and / or another smokable material and / or other components accessible to the mainstream smoke is / are provided with an addition of substances having an antioxidative effect.
  • components accessible to the mainstream smoke are understood to mean those constituents of smokable products such as cigarettes, cigarillos or cigars which form part or all of the substances which pass into the mainstream smoke when smoked, or other components which elute into the mainstream smoke when smoking become.
  • the invention thus relates to a smokable product which contains a gas-phase-active filter and / or gas-phase-active cigarette paper and whose strand of tobacco and / or another smokable material and / or other components accessible to the mainstream smoke is provided with an additive of substances having an antioxidative effect /are.
  • the product contains either a tobacco rod wrapped in cigarette paper or a tobacco rod wrapped in non-woven paper and cigarette paper, the air permeability of the cigarette paper being 10 to 100 Coresta units (CU), preferably 20 is up to 60 CU, and the air permeability of the nonwoven paper is 4000 to 60,000 CU.
  • the product contains either a tobacco rod wrapped in natural and / or reconstituted tobacco or a tobacco rod wrapped in at least two layers of reconstituted tobacco or film tobacco, the air permeability of one layer of film tobacco being either ⁇ 1 CU ("air impermeable"), or 5 to 100 CU (“air permeable”), preferably 40 to 80 CU.
  • gas-phase active filter is understood to mean a filter which contains 5 to 65% by weight, preferably 20 to 50% by weight, particularly preferably 30% by weight, of a gas-phase-active, porous material of large (inner) Contains surface.
  • the filter has a circumferential filter ventilation zone in the underside and the degree of filter ventilation is 5 to 95%, preferably 25 to 75%.
  • the filter can also contain means for introducing ventilation air into the filter at a different or arbitrary location known to the person skilled in the art.
  • both filter wrapping papers and tipping can be partially or completely zone perforated or naturally porous.
  • the gas phase active filter is a double filter, but it can also e.g. be a mono- or multifilter, the multifilter being any combination of filters from the group consisting of chamber filters, litter filters, monobloc filters and / or core filters.
  • the strand-side part — in the case of the monofilter the whole part — preferably consists of a tissue paper which contains 5 to 65% by weight, preferably 20 to 50% by weight and particularly preferably 30% by weight, of such a surface-rich, gas phase-active material contains.
  • the smokable product is either a filter cigarette with a by a tobacco rod surrounded by cigarette paper or around a filter cigarillo (without cigarette paper) or a filtered cigar, the tobacco rod being surrounded by a cover sheet or a cover and binder made from natural or reconstituted tobacco.
  • a preferred filter - preferably a double filter - has a circumferential filter ventilation zone in the mouth-side part, the tissue paper of the strand-side filter part being a very voluminous paper.
  • the air permeability of the cigarette paper is 10 to 100 Coresta units (CU), preferably 20 to 60 CU, and the degree of filter ventilation is 5 to 95%, preferably 25 to 75%.
  • the tissue paper (in the case of the double filter the tissue paper of the strand-side filter part) preferably contains 30% by weight of a surface-rich material.
  • the strand-side part of the filter is, in particular, a core filter with a core made of tissue paper, which is surrounded by a jacket made of material which is almost impermeable to the mainstream smoke.
  • the gas phase-active filter contains a surface-rich, gas phase-active material which is a porous material with a large (inner) surface from the group consisting of activated carbon, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, bentonite, cellulose, diatomaceous earth, ion exchangers, light metal salts, sea foam, molecular sieves, Silica gels, clays, and zeolites or combinations thereof, with activated carbon, meerschaum and silica gel being particularly preferred as gas phase-active substances.
  • a surface-rich, gas phase-active material which is a porous material with a large (inner) surface from the group consisting of activated carbon, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, bentonite, cellulose, diatomaceous earth, ion exchangers, light metal salts, sea foam, molecular sieves, Silica gels, clays, and zeolites or combinations thereof, with activated carbon, meerschaum and silica gel being particularly preferred as gas phase-active substances.
  • filter constructions known per se with gas-phase-active material can be used, for example a litter filter (for example, in the case of a double filter, the line-side filter section is preferably provided with deposits, for example granular, gas-phase-active materials in quantities of 10 to 150 mg), monobloc filter (the gas-phase-active material, preferably activated carbon, is partially bonded in the form of a cylindrical body with, for example, polyolefins), multifilters which contain at least two, possibly different, forms of offering the gas-phase-active material - which may also be different - in addition to the filter phase-retaining filter sections, as well as core Filters in which either the sheath or the core contain or consist of gas-phase-active material, alternatively core filters in which both the sheath and the core contain gas-phase-active but different material or consist of it and other filter constructions of the specified type known to the person skilled in the art.
  • a litter filter for example, in the case of a double filter, the line-side filter section is preferably provided
  • the filters can be channel-ventilated and / or have a mouth-side recess filter section and / or a mouth-side core filter.
  • All of the filter structures mentioned, which contain gas-phase-active material, can even have the antioxidative substances according to the invention both in contain gas-phase-active as well as in the particle-phase-retentive material and additionally be provided with further, admissible additives such as flavors, fragrances, common filter hardeners and other admissible additives for cigarettes and cigarillos.
  • filter structures mentioned which contain gas-phase-active material are also provided with customary filter material which retains the particle phase or additional filter sections which retain the particle phase, in particular with cellulose, cellulose acetate and those described in DE-PS 197 53 193 and DE- PS 197 53 195 and filter materials which retain particle phase and are described in DE-OS 42 05 658.
  • a surface-rich material with a grain size of 2 mm or less, preferably from 15 ⁇ m to 2 mm, or according to a particular embodiment less than 15 ⁇ m, which has an inner specific surface in the area
  • gas-phase-active cigarette paper is understood to mean a cigarette paper which contains at least one of the abovementioned surface-rich, gas-phase-active materials.
  • the cigarette paper can be provided with very fine-grained silica gels, zeolites, aluminum oxides, etc.
  • the gas-phase-active cigarette paper can, for example, be a two-layer tobacco rod wrapper which is provided with finely ground activated carbon in a manner known per se (carbon filled paper innerliner for cigarettes and cigars; Ecusta Paper Division OLIN; Research & Development Dept. report; August 27, 1973).
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention according to the invention is therefore a filter cigarette, the tobacco rod of which has two layers
  • Cigarette paper is wrapped, with the inner layer made of one By-flow smoke-reducing cigarette paper with low air permeability and the outer layer consists of a flavored cigarette paper with an air permeability of 20 to 100 CU, preferably 40 to 80 CU.
  • the antioxidative substances added to the tobacco and / or other smokable materials are preferably selected from the group consisting of ascorbic acid, ⁇ -carotene, retinol, tocopherol (in particular ⁇ -tocopherol), their derivatives (in particular tocopherol acetate) and precursors, eugenol, jasmine aldehyde , Cinnamon, cinnamon extract, (raw) coffee, (raw) coffee extract, caffeic acid methyl ester, caffeic acid ethyl ester, ferulic acid methyl ester, ferulic acid ethyl ester, umbelliferone, scopoletin and curcumin, the substances being selected either individually or in combination can be added together to the tobacco.
  • the additive contains or comprises ⁇ -tocopherol, tocopherol acetate (ToAc) and / or tocopherol succinate.
  • the tobacco rod is added with more than 0.1% by weight to 5% by weight (based on the amount of tobacco), preferably more than 0.5% by weight to 4% by weight and particularly preferably 1 % By weight to 2.5% by weight of antioxidant substances. If the additive comprises more than one antioxidative substance, the amount added to the tobacco is in each case at least 0.25% by weight to 1.25% by weight according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
  • - depletion of the gas phase with simultaneous enrichment of the particle phase can be added to the components of the smokable products which are accessible to the mainstream smoke, but also also the surface-rich, gas-phase-active materials mentioned.
  • this addition of gas-phase-active substances can optionally be carried out with a gas-phase-active filter and / or gas-phase-active cigarette paper can be combined or replace the gas-phase-active filter and / or the gas-phase-active cigarette paper.
  • the filter cigarette of the present invention has a tobacco rod surrounded by cigarette paper.
  • other smokable materials including mixtures of these other materials containing tobacco, can also be used in the products according to the invention.
  • “Kretek” cigarettes with the addition of up to 50% by weight of smokable spices or pure, tobacco-free plant cigarettes are also included.
  • tobacco in the following, reference is made exclusively to "tobacco", but this term is always intended to include the other smokable materials mentioned.
  • the tobacco or tobacco mixtures used consist either entirely or predominantly of expanded or unexpanded La ina tobacco, but can also contain so-called technical tobacco such as rib cut or foil tobacco (FT).
  • FT rib cut or foil tobacco
  • the antioxidative substances according to the invention are advantageously incorporated directly into the film tobacco in a manner known to those skilled in the art.
  • the amounts of 0.1 to 10%, preferably 1% to 7% and particularly preferably 2% to 4 of the film tobacco are used % incorporated.
  • Such film tobacco is particularly suitable for use in cigarillos and cigars, for example as cover and / or binder, but can also be used directly as (smokable) tobacco or added to the tobacco mixtures for cigarillos, cigars or cigarettes in the form of coarse or fine cuts become.
  • tobacco mixtures for cigarettes can be used:
  • mixtures can also contain technical tobacco (ribs, FT), where the respective lamina (leaf tobacco) portions can be wholly or partially expanded.
  • ribs, FT technical tobacco
  • lamina lamina
  • smoke products according to the invention to be produced therefrom contain the claimed antioxidative substances.
  • AB mixtures are often used, e.g. according to the following mixture recipe range preferred according to the invention:
  • Positioning of the product can result in deviations or other tobacco blends from “light” to “dark” can be used.
  • the antioxidative substances can not only be added to the tobacco, but also incorporated into individual components of the tobacco products that are accessible to the mainstream smoke, such as filters, wrapping papers, wrapping tobacco, carrier substances, seam glue, etc., in a manner known per se. If the antioxidative substances are incorporated in the cigarette paper or in the glue of the cigarette seam, the preferred amounts are more than 0.1% by weight to 20% by weight, with amounts of 1 to 7.5% by weight being particularly preferred are preferred.
  • the tobacco rod can also be provided in a manner known per se with further additions of auxiliaries, fillers and flavorings (additives).
  • the tobacco rod When adding large amounts of antioxidant substances to the tobacco mixture, especially when adding tocopherol acetate, it has proven to be advantageous to provide the tobacco rod with a double-layer cigarette rod wrapper (non-woven paper), the inner layer made of highly porous wrapping paper with an air permeability of 4000 to 60 000 CU consists and the outer layer of cigarette paper, which is customary per se.
  • smaller amounts of the antioxidative substances added according to the invention according to DE-PS 42 44 467 can also be applied in encapsulated form to the inner, highly porous wrapping paper.
  • multi-layer tobacco rod wrapping combinations can also be used.
  • special ciga Rescue papers for a wide variety of purposes known to those skilled in the art can be combined or used with the internal, highly porous wrapping paper, such as flavored papers (for example according to EP 0 294 972), sidestream smoke reducing papers (for example according to EP 0 251 254 or EP 0 338) 156) or papers for self-extinguishing cigarettes (for example according to EP 0 375 844).
  • these cigarette papers especially when using smaller amounts of substances having an antioxidative effect on the smoking article according to the invention - can also be used on their own, ie in one layer. This possibility also exists with foil tobacco wrappings, especially with cigarillos.
  • Combinations of preferred tobacco rod wrapping combinations according to the invention are shown in Table 1.
  • the first (upper) block relates to the filtered cigarillos or cigars according to the invention
  • the second (lower) block relates to the filter cigarettes according to the invention.
  • the wrappings listed can be meaningfully interchanged or combined with one another (within a line) or with one another (different lines).
  • a filter cigarillo e.g. an approximately cigarette-shaped filter cigarillo, which is provided with a sheet of air-permeable or air-impermeable film tobacco and a cover sheet of natural tobacco and has a chamber filter, the central chamber of which is filled with activated carbon.
  • the filter used is a gas-phase-active filter according to PCT / EP97 / 06390, which is a filter containing activated carbon, the filter cigarette produced with this filter
  • (a) contains a tobacco rod surrounded by a cigarette paper with an air permeability of 20 to 100 CU or a tobacco rod covered by a cigarette paper with an air permeability of 20 to 100 CU, and
  • b) contains a double filter with a degree of filter ventilation of 5 to 95%, the strand-side part of which consists of a very voluminous tissue paper containing 5 to 65% by weight, preferably 20 to 50% by weight, microfine ground activated carbon, in the mouth-side part is provided with a filter ventilation zone running in the circumferential direction.
  • the above-mentioned substances are preferably added to the tobacco rod either individually or in combination with one another.
  • these substances can also be used in addition to other components of the invention tobacco products according to the invention are added, of which preferably the mouth-side filter part.
  • the tissue paper used in the strand-side filter element has a basis weight of approximately 40 to 60 g / m 2 , an activated carbon content of 5 to 65% and a thickness of 150 to 200 ⁇ m.
  • a preferred variant has a weight per unit area of 50 g / m 2 and an activated carbon content of 30% by weight with a thickness of 180 ⁇ m.
  • the strand-side filter part of the double filter is a core filter according to DE 42 05 658 C2, in which the core is made of carbon-containing tissue paper as in the first-mentioned embodiment, which is surrounded by a jacket made of material which is almost impermeable to the mainstream smoke .
  • This almost smoke-impermeable material consists, for example, of highly compressed cellulose acetate fibers.
  • the filter cigarette according to the invention has the advantage over conventional filter cigarettes of comparable strength that the microcirculation, in particular of the oral mucosa, is significantly less impaired when a gas-phase-active filter is used and additional antioxidative substances are added to the tobacco rod, thus preventing undersupply of the tissue becomes. This positive effect is significantly enhanced especially when ⁇ -tocopherol or tocopherol acetate is added.
  • the proportion of pollutants in the gas phase can be reduced by using a gas phase-active filter without the taste according to the invention being adversely affected, that is to say the taste of the main stream smoke is adversely affected.
  • the sidestream smoke likewise has no negative, ie unpleasant, odor changes.
  • the smokable product is a filter cigarette which contains a tobacco rod covered with a cigarette paper with an air permeability of 40 to 60 CU, the nonwoven paper being a highly porous nonwoven paper with an air permeability of 32,000 CU, and the filter of which is a double filter is, the strand-side part of a very voluminous, 30 wt .-%, microfine ground activated carbon-containing tissue paper, which is provided with a circumferential filter ventilation zone, which consists of cellulose acetate in the mouth-side part, the tobacco rod with a Addition of about 2% tocopherol acetate is provided.
  • the double filter has a degree of filter ventilation of about 20 to about 25%, about 50% or about 60 to 75%.
  • the product Properties of these preferred cigarettes are shown in Table 2 below.
  • the principle according to the invention - enrichment of the gas phase, for example by using a gas-phase-active filter and / or by using gas-phase-active cigarette paper, with simultaneous enrichment of the particle phase by exposure to substances having an antioxidative effect - also by using tobacco cartridges (so-called Plug-in cigarettes) can be realized, ie by providing a fleece-wrapped tobacco rod and a sleeve with a gas-phase-active filter that the consumer puts together for the finished smoke product (eg cigarette).
  • the addition of antioxidant substances can accordingly take place on the tobacco itself and / or, for example, on the cigarette paper of the sleeve.
  • the present invention therefore also relates to the use of a nonwoven-coated strand of tobacco and / or another smokable material and a filter sleeve which comprises a gas-phase-active filter, for the production of a smokable product according to the invention, the strand of tobacco and / or another smokable material and / or other components accessible to the mainstream smoke being provided with an additive of substances having an antioxidative effect.
  • the present invention also relates to the analogous use of so-called (unfiltered) "plug-in cigarillos" in connection with a filter sleeve which comprises a gas phase active filter for producing a smokable product according to the invention.
  • the present invention therefore also relates to the use of a strand of tobacco and / or another smokable material, which is coated with natural and / or reconstituted tobacco, and a filter sleeve, which comprises a gas phase active filter, for producing a smokable product, whereby the strand of tobacco and / or another smokable material and / or the wrapper of tobacco and / or other components accessible to the mainstream smoke is / are provided with an additive of substances having an antioxidative effect.
  • the strand of tobacco and / or another smokable material can alternatively be wrapped with at least two layers of reconstituted tobacco or film tobacco.
  • the casing can be both airtight ( ⁇ 1 CU) and airtight (with an air permeability of 5 to 100 CU, preferably 40 to 80 CU) or consist of a combination of airtight envelope tobacco and air-permeable envelope tobacco.
  • the tocopherol acetate (ToAc) was applied to the cut tobacco in the form of a 20% ethanol solution.
  • the procedure was such that in each case 10 kg of the tobacco were sprayed with the ToAc solution in a rotating treatment drum in the manner known to the person skilled in the art.
  • a dosage of 1.5% ToAc in the tobacco was aimed for.
  • the solvent was then at 22 ° C and 63% rel. Air is vented, at the same time conditioning for cigarette production took place (cigarette versions 1 C and 1 D).
  • the untreated tobacco mixture (cigarette versions 1 A and 1 B) served as a comparison.
  • the cigarettes were manufactured with two different filters.
  • the gas phase active filters were double filters, the part of the strand side of which consists of a carbon-containing tissue paper (with 30% by weight of microfine ground activated carbon) and the part of the mouth made of cellulose acetate fibers. These filters were referred to in the description as activated carbon filters (AF) and are found in cigarette versions 1 B and 1 C. These conventional cigarette filters were made from cellulose acetate fibers (CA) (cigarette versions 1 A and 1 D). Tab. 3
  • the cigarettes were smoked according to DIN 10240, the main flow smoke condensate (HSR) being obtained electrostatically.
  • the particle phase of the so-called secondary flow (NSR) was also isolated.
  • 10 test cigarettes were smoked in an 18 m room, lined with V2A steel, so that only the NSR could be distributed in the room.
  • An aliquot of 180 l was then passed through a teflon filter at a flow rate of 3 l / min to separate the particle phase.
  • the stubs unused tobacco residues
  • the smoked cigarette filters were separated and collected after the cigarettes had been consumed.
  • HSR, NSR, Stummel and the smoked filters were used to produce ethanolic solutions and extracts for analysis on ToAc.
  • the ToAc was quantified using HPLC with DAD (High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detector).
  • a Purospher RP 18, 5 ⁇ m, No548l63 column was used.
  • Methanol was used as the eluent at a flow rate of 1.0 ml / min and a temperature of 35 ° C. The detection took place at 285 nm.
  • Tab. 4 lists the amounts of HSR condensate (mg / cigarette) and the amounts of ToAc (mg / cigarette) in the HSR condensate for the cigarette variants containing ToAc. 4 is the rel. Share (%) of ToAc in the HSR. The results obtained show that the proportion of ToAc in the HSR condensate (%) for the cigarettes with cellulose acetate filters and carbon filters is at a comparable level, namely on average around 12%.
  • Tab. 5 gives an overview of the distribution of the ToAc during smoking or the accounting after the smoking process has been completed. In the second column of Tab. 5 you can find the amounts of ToAc (mg / cigarette) that were present at the start of smoking. This arithmetically results from the amount of tobacco per cigarette and the amount of ToAc added to the tobacco.
  • Tab. 5 shows the recovered amounts ToAc (mg / cig.) In HSR, NSR, filter and stub, as well as the resulting sum and the recovered amount (%), based on the amount presented before smoking .
  • Example 1 The following 4 test objects were examined as examples. All test objects were allied for the trial, i.e. it was neither recognizable for the test subjects nor for the investigator which cigarette was smoked. These were cigarettes from the filling flavor segment with the following names in accordance with Example 1:
  • GCP Good Clinical Practice
  • Age 38 to 43 years (mean 40.5 years)
  • Body mass 73 to 78 kg (mean 75.3 kg)
  • Body length 172 to 176 cm (mean 174.1 cm)
  • Allergic diathesis Intolerance or hypersensitivity of any kind; Diabetes melutus; Hyperuricaemia; Hyperthyroidism or other endocrine diseases; chronic or terminal illnesses (carcinoma, tuberculosis); Hypertension; Heart failure, coronary insufficiency; coronary artery disease; Heart valve defects; Myocardial infarction; Stroke; cerebral circulatory disorders TIA (transient ischemic attack; stage Ila of cerebral circulatory disorder); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COLD; surgery on the intestine; any other chronic illness; Hemodialysis; just a fully functional kidney; Prostate hyperplasia; Blood clotting disorders. Expressed intention to quit smoking.
  • Chronic liver disease (elevation of transaminases to twice the normal values); Kidney disease or renal dysfunction (increase in serum creatinine> 1.2 mg% (1.5 mg%) or creatinine clearance 50 - 80 ml / min ( ⁇ 50 ml / min); white blood cell count below 3500 / ⁇ l; platelet count below 100,000 / ⁇ l.
  • Suspected intestinal dysfunction suspected pulmonary or bronchial diseases (exception: mild chronic bronchitis). In need of stomatological restoration; lack of more than 2 teeth; periodontal disease, gingivitis.
  • Subjects 12 hours before the examination appointments no alcohol, no coffee, tea or Coca-Cola ®. At least 6 hours of sleep a day; sufficient acclimatization and rest before the measurements (blood pressure RR (measured with Riva-Rocci apparatus) normal, heart rate normal, respiratory rate normal).
  • blood pressure RR measured with Riva-Rocci apparatus
  • Double blind study determination of the examination procedure by a random generator.
  • Boundary conditions of the investigations constant (temperature regulation, macro circulation, acclimatization time approx. 2 hours).
  • an intravital microscopic examination unit is used in the combined incident-transmitted light procedure with selective light generators and selective filtering.
  • the primary images obtained are processed and processed with computer assistance (secondary image processing and processing with the KONTRON computer system).
  • the vital microscopic findings are made under defined lighting and filter conditions; these relate to: spectral distribution of the reflected light and transmitted light components, beam characteristics, angle of incidence of the rearing component, specific filtering of the reflected and penetrating components, emission and absorption spectra of the various structures in the target tissue.
  • Microphotographic snapshots in 35mm, roll film or plate format (NIKON, LINHOF with ARRI adapter; up to 1/8000 sec); Film material up to ISO 3200/36 °).
  • 35mm cine film (color or black and white), complete camera and control system ARRI (up to 120 frames / sec), Agfa special film; automatic Agfa film processing system.
  • Video recordings (U-matic, Super-VHS; JVC, PANASONIC, BLAUPUNKT, SIEMENS).
  • FIG. 1 shows the structure of the intravital microscopic examination unit based on a block diagram.
  • a BAXTER angioscope (special coronaroscope) is placed in a commercially available sterile O.P. - Swab placed so that buccal fixation of the optical apparatus is guaranteed and at the same time the subject is stressed in a reasonable manner.
  • This procedure is simulated with the test subjects before the start of the study and is accepted by all test persons.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of the placement of the distal optical apparatus in the cavu oris of the test subjects.
  • test subjects At the request of the test subjects, an informal fixation of the head by an ophthalmological attachment (jaw rest, forehead rest) is carried out during exposure to the test objects - individually adjusted in a sitting position.
  • the test subjects When applying the test objects, the test subjects are not prescribed defined exposure conditions; they can proceed in the manner of their habits (train volume, train frequency, number of trains per test object, time).
  • This characteristic denotes the number of adherent white blood cells n that adhere to a defined venal inner wall surface A for more than 5 seconds.
  • This characteristic describes the flow (current) of the red blood cells, i.e. the particle flow.
  • the measured values are computer-aided in secondary image processing (KONTRON system). Geometric dimensions within a microvessel (diameter d, radius r) are measured in the normal to the longitudinal axis of the inner endothelial surface to the opposite endothelial inner surface (tangents). This is shown schematically in FIG. 3.
  • the initial values are compared with the measured values at the measurement times of 2 minutes to 12 minutes. Furthermore, it is checked whether significantly different characteristic changes occur after exposure of different test objects (comparison of the measured values after exposure of different test objects at the same measurement times).
  • test subject After the diagnosis has been made, the test subject is asked for a medical follow-up consultation.
  • the follow-up discussion serves the further holidays. establishing the relationship of trust and preparing for the next examination date.
  • test person is also asked about the test object of the exposure, in order to find out whether may have falsified redundant psychological or vegetative-somatic factors of the measurement result due to individual aversion to a specific test object. No evidence of such falsifications was obtained in the context of the present study.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of the number of blood cell-perfused nodes (nNP) as a function of the time for the cigarette versions 1 A to 1 D according to Example 1.
  • microperfusion is determined based on the number of blood cell perfused nodes - in conventional filter cigarettes (1 A) is much more impaired than in the case of gas phase active filters (1 B).
  • exposure to tocopherol acetate (1 D) compared to conventional filter cigarettes also reduces the impairment of the microcirculation to a comparable extent.
  • filter cigarettes according to the invention which are distinguished by the combination of a gas-phase-active filter with a tobacco rod (1 C) to which antioxidant substances (here tocopherol acetate) are applied (1 C), there is a further significant mitigation of smoking effects on microcirculation. A few minutes after the end of the exposure, the number of blood cell perfused nodes again increases to the initial value before the exposure.
  • Example 1 Full-flavor cigarettes, described in Example 1 as version 1A, were used as a comparison to evaluate the active substances cureumin and ferulic acid ethyl ester with regard to their transitions into the HSR and their physiological action, described in Example 5.
  • the procedure was such that 100 g of cut tobacco, as contained in the 1 A cigarettes, were charged with the ethanoic solutions of cureumin or ethyl ferulate.
  • Evaporation of the alcohol was handmade with the tobacco Manufactured cigarettes that corresponded to those of the comparison 1 A in terms of their equipment. The three versions of cigarettes were smoked as described in Example 2.
  • the treated tobaccos and the condensates of the HSR were then used for analyzes of cureumin or ferulic acid ethyl ester.
  • the analyzes were carried out by means of HPLC as described in Example 2. However, a mixture of water, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile and acetic acid was used as the eluent, specifically for cureumin in a ratio of 55/25/20/1 and for ethyl ferulate in a ratio of 77/13/9/1.
  • a Purospher C18 column was used, the detector was set to 420 nm for cureumin and 325 nm for ethyl ferulate.
  • Table 6 shows the concentration of active ingredient (%) that the treated tobacco had and the percentage that was found in the HSR condensate.
  • Example 4 The effect of the filter cigarettes produced according to Example 4 on the microcirculation of the oral mucosa of 8 subjects was compared with that in Example 3 (Sections A.2 to D. [methodical Part]) described intravital microscopic test methods examined in a double-bundle experiment.
  • FIG. 6 shows an example of the number of adherent white blood cells nWBC / A as a function of the time for the filling flavor cigarettes (according to Example 4) with and without the additives cureumin or ethyl ferulate (versions 1A, B 143 and B 142).
  • Example 1 An American blend mixture was charged with 2% by weight of tocopherol acetate (based on the amount of tobacco), and the corresponding test and comparative cigarettes were produced as in Example 1.
  • Fig. 1 Block diagram of the intravital microscopic examination unit.
  • Fig. 2 Schematic representation of the placement of the distal optical apparatus in the cavum oris of the test subjects.
  • O.P. -Tab In a sterile O.P. -Tab is the fiber optic cable embedded, so that a reasonable fixation between the rack of the right lower jaw and cheek inside is guaranteed.
  • Fig. 4 Measurement of the number of blood cell-perfusing nodes as a function of the time after the start of exposure in the investigation of conventional and inventive filter cigarettes.
  • Fig. 5 Measurement of the number of adherent white blood cells as a function of the time after the start of exposure when examining conventional and inventive filter cigarettes.
  • Fig. 6 Measurement of the number of adherent white blood cells as a function of the time after the start of exposure in tests for filling flavor cigarettes with and without additives.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne des produits que l'on peut fumer, tels que des cigarettes avec filtre, des cigarillos avec filtre ou des cigares pourvus d'un filtre. Ces produits contiennent des substances actives antioxydantes supplémentaires et possèdent un filtre actif vis-à-vis de la phase gazeuse et/ou du papier à cigarettes actif vis-à-vis de la phase gazeuse et/ou un ou plusieurs autres composants laissant passer le flux principal de fumée et contenant des substances actives vis-à-vis de la phase gazeuse supplémentaires.
PCT/EP1999/001263 1999-02-26 1999-02-26 Produit que l'on peut fumer Ceased WO2000049901A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (19)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL14425299A IL144252A0 (en) 1999-02-26 1999-02-26 Smokable product
CA002360852A CA2360852A1 (fr) 1999-02-26 1999-02-26 Produit que l'on peut fumer
EP99911715A EP1178741A2 (fr) 1999-02-26 1999-02-26 Produit que l'on peut fumer
JP2000600518A JP2003500008A (ja) 1999-02-26 1999-02-26 喫煙可能製品
HU0203227A HUP0203227A3 (en) 1999-02-26 1999-02-26 Smokable product
AU30307/99A AU3030799A (en) 1999-02-26 1999-02-26 Smokable product
EEP200100445A EE200100445A (et) 1999-02-26 1999-02-26 Suitsetatav toode
HR20010596A HRP20010596A2 (en) 1999-02-26 1999-02-26 Smokable product
PCT/EP1999/001263 WO2000049901A2 (fr) 1999-02-26 1999-02-26 Produit que l'on peut fumer
SK1203-2001A SK12032001A3 (sk) 1999-02-26 1999-02-26 Výrobok na fajčenie
PL99353568A PL353568A1 (en) 1999-02-26 1999-02-26 Smokable product
TR2001/02488T TR200102488T2 (tr) 1999-02-26 1999-02-26 İçmelik tütün ürünü
EA200100917A EA200100917A1 (ru) 1999-02-26 1999-02-26 Курительное изделие
CZ20012899A CZ20012899A3 (cs) 1999-02-26 1999-02-26 Výrobek ke kouření
KR1020017010705A KR20010108248A (ko) 1999-02-26 1999-02-26 흡연 제품
TW088112688A TW480157B (en) 1999-02-26 1999-07-27 Smokable product
IS6059A IS6059A (is) 1999-02-26 1999-08-22 Afurð sem hægt er að reykja
NO20014133A NO20014133L (no) 1999-02-26 2001-08-24 Rökbart produkt
BG105844A BG105844A (bg) 1999-02-26 2001-08-24 Продукт за пушене

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PCT/EP1999/001263 WO2000049901A2 (fr) 1999-02-26 1999-02-26 Produit que l'on peut fumer

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WO2000049901A3 WO2000049901A3 (fr) 2002-07-11

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JP (1) JP2003500008A (fr)
KR (1) KR20010108248A (fr)
AU (1) AU3030799A (fr)
BG (1) BG105844A (fr)
CA (1) CA2360852A1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ20012899A3 (fr)
EA (1) EA200100917A1 (fr)
EE (1) EE200100445A (fr)
HR (1) HRP20010596A2 (fr)
HU (1) HUP0203227A3 (fr)
IL (1) IL144252A0 (fr)
IS (1) IS6059A (fr)
NO (1) NO20014133L (fr)
PL (1) PL353568A1 (fr)
SK (1) SK12032001A3 (fr)
TR (1) TR200102488T2 (fr)
TW (1) TW480157B (fr)
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WO2004080216A1 (fr) * 2003-03-14 2004-09-23 Best Partners Worldwide Limited Cigarette electronique non fumable a aerosol
WO2004095955A1 (fr) * 2003-04-29 2004-11-11 Best Partners Worldwide Ltd Cigarette sans fumee a pulverisation electronique
EP1843670A1 (fr) 2005-02-01 2007-10-17 Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH Cigarette filtre
RU2328191C1 (ru) * 2006-12-12 2008-07-10 Олег Иванович Квасенков Способ получения легкого кретека
US7832410B2 (en) 2004-04-14 2010-11-16 Best Partners Worldwide Limited Electronic atomization cigarette
US8156944B2 (en) 2006-05-16 2012-04-17 Ruyan Investments (Holdings) Limited Aerosol electronic cigarette
CN103099307A (zh) * 2012-11-13 2013-05-15 苏州谷力生物科技有限公司 一种添加活性炭薄片卷烟的制备方法
US8903228B2 (en) 2011-03-09 2014-12-02 Chong Corporation Vapor delivery devices and methods
US9320300B2 (en) 2009-02-11 2016-04-26 Fontem Holdings 1 B.V. Electronic cigarette
US9399110B2 (en) 2011-03-09 2016-07-26 Chong Corporation Medicant delivery system
WO2018045174A1 (fr) * 2016-08-31 2018-03-08 Baybutt Richard Composition et son utilisation
US9913950B2 (en) 2011-03-09 2018-03-13 Chong Corporation Medicant delivery system

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EP1907099A4 (fr) * 2005-06-14 2009-09-23 Pacific Enviromin Ltd Capture de toxines et de polluants provenant de l'environnement
KR100676149B1 (ko) * 2005-06-24 2007-02-01 한현수 흡연 여과용 촉매 여과물질, 이를 포함하는 담배필터, 담배및 끽연용구
EP2606751A1 (fr) * 2011-12-21 2013-06-26 Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH Article contenant du tabac
KR102450713B1 (ko) * 2019-12-16 2022-10-04 주식회사 케이티앤지 소리가 발생되는 흡연 물품
KR102450712B1 (ko) * 2019-12-16 2022-10-04 주식회사 케이티앤지 소리가 발생되는 흡연 물품

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RU2336002C2 (ru) * 2003-03-14 2008-10-20 Бест Партнерз Ворлдвайд Лимитед Беспламенная электронная сигарета с распылением
WO2004080216A1 (fr) * 2003-03-14 2004-09-23 Best Partners Worldwide Limited Cigarette electronique non fumable a aerosol
KR100971180B1 (ko) * 2003-03-14 2010-07-20 베스트 파트너스 월드와이드 리미티드 비가연성 전자 분무 궐련
US8910641B2 (en) 2003-04-20 2014-12-16 Fontem Holdings 1 B.V. Electronic cigarette
RU2336001C2 (ru) * 2003-04-29 2008-10-20 Бест Партнерз Ворлдвайд Лимитед Беспламенная электронная сигарета с распылением
US10856580B2 (en) 2003-04-29 2020-12-08 Fontem Holdings 1 B.V. Vaporizing device
EA009532B1 (ru) * 2003-04-29 2008-02-28 Бест Партнерс Уолдуайд Лимитед Не курительная электронная распылительная сигарета
US11039649B2 (en) 2003-04-29 2021-06-22 Fontem Holdings 1 B.V. Electronic cigarette
WO2004095955A1 (fr) * 2003-04-29 2004-11-11 Best Partners Worldwide Ltd Cigarette sans fumee a pulverisation electronique
USRE47573E1 (en) 2003-04-29 2019-08-20 Fontem Holdings 1 B.V. Electronic cigarette
US10342264B2 (en) 2003-04-29 2019-07-09 Fontem Holdings 1 B.V. Electronic cigarette
US10327478B2 (en) 2003-04-29 2019-06-25 Fontem Holdings 1 B.V. Electronic cigarette
US9364027B2 (en) 2003-04-29 2016-06-14 Fontem Holdings 1 B.V. Electronic cigarette
US7832410B2 (en) 2004-04-14 2010-11-16 Best Partners Worldwide Limited Electronic atomization cigarette
US8893726B2 (en) 2004-04-14 2014-11-25 Fontem Holdings 1 B.V. Electronic cigarette
US8439046B2 (en) 2005-02-01 2013-05-14 Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh Filter cigarette
EP1843670A1 (fr) 2005-02-01 2007-10-17 Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH Cigarette filtre
US8156944B2 (en) 2006-05-16 2012-04-17 Ruyan Investments (Holdings) Limited Aerosol electronic cigarette
US8365742B2 (en) 2006-05-16 2013-02-05 Ruyan Investment (Holdings) Limited Aerosol electronic cigarette
US11083222B2 (en) 2006-05-16 2021-08-10 Fontem Holdings 1 B.V. Electronic cigarette having a liquid storage component and a shared central longtiduinal axis among stacked components of a housing, a hollow porous component and a heating coil
US9370205B2 (en) 2006-05-16 2016-06-21 Fontem Holdings 1 B.V. Electronic cigarette
US10893705B2 (en) 2006-05-16 2021-01-19 Fontem Holdings 1 B.V. Electronic cigarette
US9456632B2 (en) 2006-05-16 2016-10-04 Fontem Holdings 1 B.V. Electronic cigarette
US9808034B2 (en) 2006-05-16 2017-11-07 Fontem Holdings 1 B.V. Electronic cigarette
US8863752B2 (en) 2006-05-16 2014-10-21 Fontem Holdings 1 B.V. Electronic Cigarette
US9326548B2 (en) 2006-05-16 2016-05-03 Fontem Holdings 1 B.V. Electronic cigarette
RU2328191C1 (ru) * 2006-12-12 2008-07-10 Олег Иванович Квасенков Способ получения легкого кретека
US9320300B2 (en) 2009-02-11 2016-04-26 Fontem Holdings 1 B.V. Electronic cigarette
US9913950B2 (en) 2011-03-09 2018-03-13 Chong Corporation Medicant delivery system
US10842953B2 (en) 2011-03-09 2020-11-24 Xten Capital Group, Inc. Medicant delivery system
US9770564B2 (en) 2011-03-09 2017-09-26 Chong Corporation Medicant delivery system
US9399110B2 (en) 2011-03-09 2016-07-26 Chong Corporation Medicant delivery system
US8903228B2 (en) 2011-03-09 2014-12-02 Chong Corporation Vapor delivery devices and methods
CN103099307A (zh) * 2012-11-13 2013-05-15 苏州谷力生物科技有限公司 一种添加活性炭薄片卷烟的制备方法
WO2018045174A1 (fr) * 2016-08-31 2018-03-08 Baybutt Richard Composition et son utilisation

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EA200100917A1 (ru) 2002-08-29
BG105844A (bg) 2002-04-30
EE200100445A (et) 2002-12-16
JP2003500008A (ja) 2003-01-07
KR20010108248A (ko) 2001-12-07
HUP0203227A3 (en) 2003-02-28
TR200102488T2 (tr) 2002-11-21
NO20014133D0 (no) 2001-08-24
PL353568A1 (en) 2003-12-01
EP1178741A2 (fr) 2002-02-13
NO20014133L (no) 2001-10-22
HRP20010596A2 (en) 2002-08-31
CZ20012899A3 (cs) 2002-07-17
TW480157B (en) 2002-03-21
HUP0203227A2 (hu) 2003-01-28
AU3030799A (en) 2000-09-14
CA2360852A1 (fr) 2000-08-31
SK12032001A3 (sk) 2002-01-07
IS6059A (is) 2000-08-27
IL144252A0 (en) 2002-05-23
WO2000049901A3 (fr) 2002-07-11

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