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WO2000047291A1 - Detection de position - Google Patents

Detection de position Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2000047291A1
WO2000047291A1 PCT/GB2000/000383 GB0000383W WO0047291A1 WO 2000047291 A1 WO2000047291 A1 WO 2000047291A1 GB 0000383 W GB0000383 W GB 0000383W WO 0047291 A1 WO0047291 A1 WO 0047291A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ball
coils
detecting
goal
phase
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB2000/000383
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Derek Graham Huff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Integrated Design Ltd
Original Assignee
Integrated Design Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9902700.5A external-priority patent/GB9902700D0/en
Application filed by Integrated Design Ltd filed Critical Integrated Design Ltd
Priority to AU23115/00A priority Critical patent/AU2311500A/en
Priority to EP00901820A priority patent/EP1152805A1/fr
Publication of WO2000047291A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000047291A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/06Indicating or scoring devices for games or players, or for other sports activities
    • A63B71/0605Decision makers and devices using detection means facilitating arbitration
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B43/00Balls with special arrangements
    • A63B43/004Balls with special arrangements electrically conductive, e.g. for automatic arbitration
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01VGEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V3/00Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
    • G01V3/08Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
    • G01V3/10Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils
    • G01V3/104Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils using several coupled or uncoupled coils
    • G01V3/105Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils using several coupled or uncoupled coils forming directly coupled primary and secondary coils or loops
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/06Indicating or scoring devices for games or players, or for other sports activities
    • A63B71/0605Decision makers and devices using detection means facilitating arbitration
    • A63B2071/0611Automatic tennis linesmen, i.e. in-out detectors
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2220/00Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/80Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor
    • A63B2220/83Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor characterised by the position of the sensor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B63/00Targets or goals for ball games
    • A63B63/004Goals of the type used for football, handball, hockey or the like

Definitions

  • This invention relates to position sensing.
  • it relates to position sensing of balls in sports and to verification of whether a ball has crossed a goal line.
  • the invention has uses in any sport or game in which a goal, point or points are scored when a ball crosses a line, such as football (soccer), rugby, hockey, polo, and so on.
  • the present invention arose in an attempt to provide an improved apparatus for establishing whether a ball has crossed a goal line.
  • apparatus for detecting whether a goal has been scored comprising an energising coil disposed between at least two detecting coils, and a ball provided with, or formed of, a material which substantially acts as a shorted electrical winding, whereby, as the ball moves relative to the coils it affects the detected signal, and phase-sensing means for detecting signal variation and indicating the presence or position of the ball, wherein the coils are disposed relative to a goal line such that as the ball crosses the coils the apparatus provides an indication when the ball has crossed the goal line.
  • the arrangement is preferably such that as the ball passes through the relevant line a phase reversal is obtained in the desired signal.
  • means are provided to invert or phase-shift the signal from one of the detecting coils relative to at least one other detecting coil.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically a position sensing system
  • Figure 2 (a)-(d) show the effect of an object moving relative to the system
  • Figure 3 shows schematically a goal and detecting arrangement
  • Figure 4 shows a cross-section through a ball.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically an apparatus comprising a first energising coil 1 which is energised by an AC source 2 at a desired frequency.
  • the frequency is about 15 kHz, but this frequency may be altered or varied as desired.
  • Two detection coils 3 and 4 are arranged on respective opposing sides of the energising coil 1 and electrical signals are induced in these. Although the coils are shown schematically as having only one turn, they may have a plurality of turns.
  • Inverting circuitry 6 is also included which serves to phase invert the signals on one of the detecting loops relative to the other one.
  • the detecting/ comparison circuitry then can perform various phase comparisons between the two detected signals from respective loops 3 and 4. It includes a balancing circuit 7 for balancing the detected signals, a phase detection circuit 8 and a microprocessor-based control circuit 9.
  • An amplitude detection measuring circuit 11 may also be included, for indicating that an object is in the vicinity.
  • One or more outputs OPi and OP 2 are connected to visual displays, computerised scoring means, or other indicators (not shown)
  • the detecting coils are preferably equispaced on each side of the energising coil 1, this is not necessarily so. It is of course convenient in order to have an equally balanced antiphase relationship between the two, but the antiphase relationship may be generated in many other ways as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.
  • the coils are positioned around goal posts and/or the goal line (i.e. lying just under the ground) on a sports pitch.
  • the three coils are disposed generally parallel to the goal line.
  • a ball 10 (e.g. a football) is either made from, or provided with, a material which acts as a shorted electrical winding to affect the signals on the detecting coils.
  • the coils form a loosely-coupled air-cored transformer and the ball, with the appropriate material, acts as a shorted turn moving around relative to the other coils.
  • Aluminium, or other low resistance material e.g. phosphor-bronze, may be used, as may many other materials. The object may actually be made of this material or may be treated with it, eg by coating it entirely or partially with the material; by the placing of an insert or small portion of the material either within the product or on its surface; or many other ways.
  • the sensitivity of the detecting system may be arranged so that it is most sensitive to objects of the desired size so that it is relatively insensitive to smaller objects for example. If the object is a football, then the sensitivity may be set appropriately so that articles such as watches or metal boot studs have negligible effect on the apparatus. Since the apparatus functions by a phase relationship, not an amplitude one, it is relatively insensitive to variations in amplitude caused by variation in the separation of the object from the coil wires themselves.
  • each coil When the ball is not in the vicinity of, or at least is not affecting the signals on the coils, then each coil generates a signal which is schematically shown in Figure 2(a) as PI and P2. If PI and P2 are arranged by processing to be in antiphase then a summed signal representing them, shown as Psi is generally flat. As the ball 10 starts to approach one of the RECEIVE coils, it causes an imbalance in the signals PI and P2 due to the changing magnetic geometry of the loosely coupled transformer such that the signal derived from the other coil prevails as shown in Figure 2(b). At this point, the signal derived from coil 3 is less than that from coil 4 and a net signal of a certain phase is produced as Ps 2 .
  • the ball itself may be provided with a material such as aluminium or other suitable foil which can be wrapped around an object, perhaps covered by a protective plastics layer for example, without adding significant weight.
  • the material should be a low-impedance material, preferably a flexible skin or membrane. It is preferably applied as an outer layer or a layer sufficiently close to the exterior surface of the ball so that as the surface of the ball is distorted (e.g. by kicking it), so is the layer.
  • the layer may be continuous or may be a mesh or braid for example. It may be an aluminium or phosphor-bronze mesh.
  • the layer can be formed on a bladder which is inside a ball and is inflated. This is shown in Figure 4 where a 'shorting' mesh 16 is provided on a bladder 15 which is inflated to inflate a ball 10 to its correct pressure. A valve 17 is used, in the normal manner, to inflate the bladder.
  • phase differences are used to indicate that a plane has been crossed, irrespective of amplitudes.
  • the actual spacing of an object from the coils is immaterial since it substantially only effects the amplitude and not the phase of the signal.
  • the system is therefore ideal for situations such as goal posts where a ball may pass anywhere within the rectangle defined by the posts and the ground.
  • the detecting coils 3 and 4 may be placed, respectively, towards the front and rear edges of a goal structure 12 and the energising core will be placed generally between them.
  • the detecting coils 3 and 4 may be placed, respectively, towards the front and rear edges of a goal structure 12 and the energising core will be placed generally between them.
  • first coil 3 for example
  • coil 4 pass coil 4 towards the goal net.
  • the present invention may also be applied advantageously to determining when a ball crosses a goal line in many other sports.
  • amplitude sensing means 11 are included. Since a transformer type coil arrangement is relative prone to noise, etc, spurious indication of objects may arise. These can be avoided by the use of the amplitude detector, which acts as a gating means, or by the use of other gating means.
  • the phase sensing means is only gated to operate when a signal amplitude indicating a desired object in the vicinity is detected.
  • Output OP 2 can be used to indicate the present of an object. Thus, in use, the presence of a ball is indicated by output OP 2 and output OPj indicates whether that ball has passed the
  • the balancing means 7 equalises the outputs of the two coils and ensures they are in
  • control unit 9 may be arranged to recognise the electrical signature of the ball crossing the line, that is, the change of signal with time as the ball crosses the line, to further aid the discriminating of true from false results.
  • the material of the goal or other body upon which the coils are mounted is one which does not effect AC fields. It may be non-ferrous (eg wood) and, for example, glued together rather than using screws, nails, etc which could adversely affect fields and will also significantly affect the ease of balancing the output of the coils. Other articles in the vicinity of the goal must also be accounted for.
  • the goal may, for example, be made of glass fibre or similar, with the coils moulded in or attached thereto.
  • Parts of the coil 3 a, 4a will generally be buried under the ground parallel to the goal line.
  • the parts of the coils mounted on the goal posts 13 and crossbar 14 may be permanently mounted thereon and connected temporarily, e.g. by plug and socket connections 15 when the goal is erected.
  • the coils may be positioned on the goals for each use.
  • the former technique is preferred as the coils can be accurately pre- positioned on the goal and then permanently attached. They could be embedded into the goal structure for example.
  • the use of more than two energising (or detecting) coils is preferred to improve balancing and/or sensitivity.
  • the coils may be self oscillating (ie

Landscapes

  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil de détection de la position d'un objet par rapport à un plan, comprenant au moins une bobine excitée (1) et au moins une bobine de détection (3, 4), les bobines étant disposées de manière que lorsqu'un objet (10) se déplace par rapport à ces dernières, il modifie le signal détecté; et des dispositifs de détection de phase destinés à capter une variation de signal et à indiquer la présence ou la position d'un objet. L'appareil est disposé de manière qu'une inversion de phase détectable a lieu quand l'objet traverse le plan.
PCT/GB2000/000383 1999-02-09 2000-02-09 Detection de position Ceased WO2000047291A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU23115/00A AU2311500A (en) 1999-02-09 2000-02-09 Position sensing
EP00901820A EP1152805A1 (fr) 1999-02-09 2000-02-09 Detection de position

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9902700.5 1999-02-09
GBGB9902700.5A GB9902700D0 (en) 1999-02-09 1999-02-09 Poisition sensing
GB9914331.5 1999-06-21
GB9914331A GB2346699B (en) 1999-02-09 1999-06-21 Position sensing

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000047291A1 true WO2000047291A1 (fr) 2000-08-17

Family

ID=26315097

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2000/000383 Ceased WO2000047291A1 (fr) 1999-02-09 2000-02-09 Detection de position

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1152805A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2311500A (fr)
WO (1) WO2000047291A1 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004076003A1 (fr) 2003-02-28 2004-09-10 Goalref Aps Detecteur de but pour la detection du passage d'un objet traversant un plan de but
EP1447685A3 (fr) * 2003-02-12 2007-04-04 Thermo Ramsey Corporation Dispositif de contrôle du flux pour détecteurs de métaux
EP1852155A1 (fr) * 2006-05-02 2007-11-07 Cairos Technologies AG Système et procédé pour déterminer la position d'un objet mobile à l'aide de champs magnétiques
WO2008043465A1 (fr) * 2006-10-12 2008-04-17 Cairos Technologies Ag Concept lié à l'activation d'un article de jeu
WO2008043443A3 (fr) * 2006-10-06 2008-08-21 Cairos Technologies Ag Concept concernant la prise de décision relative à un but à l'aide de champs magnétiques
WO2008104247A1 (fr) * 2007-02-26 2008-09-04 Cairos Technologies Ag Dispositif et procédé de prise de décision relative à un but à l'aide de champs magnétiques dans un espace de but
WO2008119479A1 (fr) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-09 Cairos Technologies Ag Zone de déplacement pour un objet mobile et dispositif d'évaluation permettant de déterminer une position d'un objet mobile
US7795861B2 (en) 2006-05-02 2010-09-14 Cairos Technologies Ag Method and apparatus for controlling a movable object for localization within a positioning area
US8079925B2 (en) 2006-10-12 2011-12-20 Cairos Technologies Ab Concept for activating a game device
US8535183B2 (en) 2007-10-12 2013-09-17 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Goal detector for detection of an object passing a goal plane
WO2013149649A3 (fr) * 2012-04-02 2014-01-23 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e. V. Système d'antenne et procédé pour déterminer un transit d'un objet en mouvement à travers une zone d'intérêt
WO2019096724A1 (fr) * 2017-11-16 2019-05-23 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Système et procédé de détermination d'un passage d'un objet mobile à travers une zone intéressante d'un niveau surveillé, et objets mobiles

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4016553A (en) * 1975-06-27 1977-04-05 Knogo Corporation Article detection system with near field electromagnetic wave control
US4375289A (en) * 1977-07-19 1983-03-01 PRECITEC Gesellschaft fur Prazisionstechnik und Elektronik mbH & Co. Entwicklungs und Vertriebs-KG Apparatus for monitoring a boundary line
DE4418761A1 (de) * 1994-05-28 1996-03-21 Nsm Ag Vorrichtung zur Erfassung von Tortreffern bei Ballspielen
US5748073A (en) * 1997-05-29 1998-05-05 Crawford; James D. Electronic goal detector

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4016553A (en) * 1975-06-27 1977-04-05 Knogo Corporation Article detection system with near field electromagnetic wave control
US4375289A (en) * 1977-07-19 1983-03-01 PRECITEC Gesellschaft fur Prazisionstechnik und Elektronik mbH & Co. Entwicklungs und Vertriebs-KG Apparatus for monitoring a boundary line
DE4418761A1 (de) * 1994-05-28 1996-03-21 Nsm Ag Vorrichtung zur Erfassung von Tortreffern bei Ballspielen
US5748073A (en) * 1997-05-29 1998-05-05 Crawford; James D. Electronic goal detector

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1447685A3 (fr) * 2003-02-12 2007-04-04 Thermo Ramsey Corporation Dispositif de contrôle du flux pour détecteurs de métaux
WO2004076003A1 (fr) 2003-02-28 2004-09-10 Goalref Aps Detecteur de but pour la detection du passage d'un objet traversant un plan de but
US7867113B2 (en) 2003-02-28 2011-01-11 Goalref Aps Goal detector for detection of an object passing a goal plane
US7795861B2 (en) 2006-05-02 2010-09-14 Cairos Technologies Ag Method and apparatus for controlling a movable object for localization within a positioning area
EP1852155A1 (fr) * 2006-05-02 2007-11-07 Cairos Technologies AG Système et procédé pour déterminer la position d'un objet mobile à l'aide de champs magnétiques
WO2007128406A1 (fr) * 2006-05-02 2007-11-15 Cairos Technologies Ag Systeme et procédé de détermination de la position d'un objet en mouvement au moyen de champs magnétiques
WO2008043443A3 (fr) * 2006-10-06 2008-08-21 Cairos Technologies Ag Concept concernant la prise de décision relative à un but à l'aide de champs magnétiques
US8079925B2 (en) 2006-10-12 2011-12-20 Cairos Technologies Ab Concept for activating a game device
WO2008043465A1 (fr) * 2006-10-12 2008-04-17 Cairos Technologies Ag Concept lié à l'activation d'un article de jeu
DE102007009232B3 (de) * 2007-02-26 2008-09-04 Cairos Technologies Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines Magnetfeldes in einem Torraum zur Torentscheidung
WO2008104247A1 (fr) * 2007-02-26 2008-09-04 Cairos Technologies Ag Dispositif et procédé de prise de décision relative à un but à l'aide de champs magnétiques dans un espace de but
US7915887B2 (en) 2007-02-26 2011-03-29 Cairos Technologies Ag Device for generating a magnetic field in a goal area for taking a goal decision
WO2008119479A1 (fr) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-09 Cairos Technologies Ag Zone de déplacement pour un objet mobile et dispositif d'évaluation permettant de déterminer une position d'un objet mobile
US8535183B2 (en) 2007-10-12 2013-09-17 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Goal detector for detection of an object passing a goal plane
WO2013149649A3 (fr) * 2012-04-02 2014-01-23 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e. V. Système d'antenne et procédé pour déterminer un transit d'un objet en mouvement à travers une zone d'intérêt
WO2019096724A1 (fr) * 2017-11-16 2019-05-23 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Système et procédé de détermination d'un passage d'un objet mobile à travers une zone intéressante d'un niveau surveillé, et objets mobiles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1152805A1 (fr) 2001-11-14
AU2311500A (en) 2000-08-29

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