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WO1999039861A1 - Procede modifie de soudage par friction a mouvement cyclique - Google Patents

Procede modifie de soudage par friction a mouvement cyclique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1999039861A1
WO1999039861A1 PCT/NO1999/000042 NO9900042W WO9939861A1 WO 1999039861 A1 WO1999039861 A1 WO 1999039861A1 NO 9900042 W NO9900042 W NO 9900042W WO 9939861 A1 WO9939861 A1 WO 9939861A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
members
probe
heat source
friction stir
primary heat
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO1999/000042
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ole Terje Midling
Arnt Ove Kluken
Øystein GRONG
Original Assignee
Norsk Hydro Asa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Norsk Hydro Asa filed Critical Norsk Hydro Asa
Priority to AU24429/99A priority Critical patent/AU2442999A/en
Publication of WO1999039861A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999039861A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
    • B23K20/1235—Controlling or monitoring the welding process with temperature control during joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K13/00—Welding by high-frequency current heating
    • B23K13/01—Welding by high-frequency current heating by induction heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to friction stir welding and more particularly to a modified method and an apparatus improving the welding process parameters.
  • Friction stir welding is a new friction welding process.
  • the principles of the process and applied apparatus as disclosed by WO 93/10935 are based on a relative cyclic movement between a non-consumable probe of a harder material than the workpieces to be joined and the workpieces. Urging the rotating probe into the assembled adjacent workpieces along their joining line creates a plasticised region in the workpieces due to a generated frictional heat. Thus no heat is generated as in conventional friction stir welding due to a relative motion between the workpieces to be joined.
  • This new welding method having the advantage of solid state bonding, has been successfully implemented on providing plate and profile joints not previously feasible.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel apparatus adapted to a high speed friction stir welding.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates schematically the basic principle of the improved friction stir welding
  • Fig. 2 is a picture of a weld seam achieved by a preferred embodiment of the welding apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 two plate members 1 ,2 are shown schematically being welded together by means of a rotating probe comprising a non-consumable pin.
  • a primary heat source 5 is attached to the welding apparatus in front of the rotating probe in the friction welding tool 3.
  • a moving induction coil is applied as the primary heat source 5 to provide controlled heating of a limited volume of the welded material beneath the tool shoulder to plasticise the material.
  • the main function of the rotating pin is to control the flow pattern of the preheated material and to break up oxide skin introduced from the welded members.
  • the modified friction stir welding process has the following advantages:
  • the induction heating being a non-contact heating method, gives a better control of the material to be heated within a well defined area. Furthermore, thanks to the fact that the heat source is cooler than the heated material, the temperature regulation is both very rapid and accurate.
  • an induction coil ensuring the same current direction on each side of the split provides controlled return of the "outside" current stream(s).
  • This current distribution in the adjacent joined-to-be members further prevents formation of sparks in the split area (safety aspects and avoiding of surface damage) and formation of non-beneficial magnetic fields.
  • Nd-YAG laser could advantageously be applied in friction stir welding of Al-alloys or any other conventional heat sources ensuring a controlled preheating of members.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé modifié de soudage d'éléments par friction à mouvement cyclique qui consiste à appliquer une sonde réfractaire rotative et à préchauffer par ailleurs les éléments à souder avant soudage. L'invention concerne également un poste de soudure avec branchement d'une source de chaleur primaire sur la sonde, de préférence sous forme d'une bobine d'induction mobile à haute fréquence.
PCT/NO1999/000042 1998-02-09 1999-02-08 Procede modifie de soudage par friction a mouvement cyclique WO1999039861A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU24429/99A AU2442999A (en) 1998-02-09 1999-02-08 Modified friction stir welding

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO980542A NO980542D0 (no) 1998-02-09 1998-02-09 Modifisert omröringsfriksjonssveising
NO19980542 1998-02-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999039861A1 true WO1999039861A1 (fr) 1999-08-12

Family

ID=19901651

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO1999/000042 WO1999039861A1 (fr) 1998-02-09 1999-02-08 Procede modifie de soudage par friction a mouvement cyclique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2442999A (fr)
NO (1) NO980542D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999039861A1 (fr)

Cited By (41)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6168067B1 (en) 1998-06-23 2001-01-02 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation High strength friction stir welding
US6264088B1 (en) * 1997-05-16 2001-07-24 Esab Ab Welding assembly for friction stir welding
DE10036170C1 (de) * 2000-07-25 2001-12-06 Eads Deutschland Gmbh Laserunterstütztes Reibrührschweißverfahren
US6352193B1 (en) 2000-08-01 2002-03-05 General Electric Company Apparatus for joining electrically conductive materials
WO2002074479A1 (fr) * 2001-03-19 2002-09-26 Rotem Industries Ltd. Procede et appareil perfectionne de soudage par friction et agitation
US6648206B2 (en) 2000-05-08 2003-11-18 Tracey W. Nelson Friction stir welding using a superabrasive tool
US6722556B2 (en) * 1999-11-18 2004-04-20 Gkss Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh Method and device for joining at least two adjoining work pieces by friction welding
US6736305B2 (en) 2000-09-07 2004-05-18 Rolls-Royce Plc Method and apparatus for friction welding
US6769595B2 (en) * 2000-12-20 2004-08-03 Alcoa Inc. Friction plunge riveting
US6776328B2 (en) 2002-09-17 2004-08-17 The Boeing Company Radiation assisted friction welding
US6780525B2 (en) * 2001-12-26 2004-08-24 The Boeing Company High strength friction stir welding
EP1514632A1 (fr) * 2003-09-11 2005-03-16 The Boeing Company Dispositif et procédé de soudage par friction et agitation avec un outil ayant une vitesse de rotation cyclique
US7078647B2 (en) 2004-10-21 2006-07-18 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Arc-enhanced friction stir welding
US7121448B2 (en) 2003-08-29 2006-10-17 General Electric Company Friction stir welding apparatus and associated thermal management systems and methods
US7156277B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2007-01-02 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Friction stir welding method and apparatus
US7225968B2 (en) 2003-08-04 2007-06-05 Sii Megadiamond, Inc. Crack repair using friction stir welding on materials including metal matrix composites, ferrous alloys, non-ferrous alloys, and superalloys
US7270257B2 (en) 2003-01-30 2007-09-18 Sii Megadiamond, Inc. Out-of-position friction stir welding of high melting temperature alloys
US7530486B2 (en) 2003-05-05 2009-05-12 Sii Megadiamond, Inc. Applications of friction stir welding using a superabrasive tool
US7608296B2 (en) 2001-06-12 2009-10-27 Brigham Young University Anvil for friction stir welding high temperature materials
US7651018B2 (en) 2004-10-05 2010-01-26 Sii Megadiamond Expandable mandrel for use in friction stir welding
RU2393070C1 (ru) * 2008-12-11 2010-06-27 ОАО "Научно-исследовательский институт природных, синтетических алмазов и инструмента" Способ сварки трением с перемешиванием
US7882998B2 (en) 2005-09-26 2011-02-08 Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Zentrum für Material-und Küstenforschung GmbH Method and apparatus of producing a welded connection between the surfaces of two planar workpieces
US7980449B2 (en) * 2001-11-27 2011-07-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Thermal stir welding apparatus
DE102010018504A1 (de) 2010-04-28 2011-11-03 Aleris Aluminum Koblenz Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Hohlprofils
US8056797B2 (en) 2005-10-05 2011-11-15 Megastir Technologies Expandable mandrel for use in friction stir welding
US8186561B2 (en) 2004-03-24 2012-05-29 Megastir Technologies, LLC Solid state processing of hand-held knife blades to improve blade performance
WO2012084140A1 (fr) * 2010-12-14 2012-06-28 Hochschule Für Angewandte Wissenschaften - Fachhochschule Kempten Procédé d'assemblage de pièces à l'aide d'un élément d'assemblage et chauffage de l'élément d'assemblage et des pièces
WO2013081731A1 (fr) * 2011-12-01 2013-06-06 Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc Système et procédé pour le traitement et le soudage par friction malaxage assisté par la lumière de matières métalliques et non métalliques
US8550326B2 (en) 2005-10-05 2013-10-08 Megastir Technologies Llc Expandable mandrel for use in friction stir welding
US20130276299A1 (en) * 2012-04-18 2013-10-24 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Clamping and Heating Apparatus For Joining Tools
US8955734B2 (en) 2004-05-21 2015-02-17 Smith International, Inc. Ball hole welding using the friction stir welding (FSW) process
US8967451B2 (en) 2008-07-09 2015-03-03 Fluor Technologies Corporation High-speed friction stir welding
CN105033475A (zh) * 2015-09-18 2015-11-11 哈尔滨工业大学 用于铝钢材料对接的钢侧高频感应加热搅拌摩擦焊方法
US9242308B2 (en) 2009-11-02 2016-01-26 Megastir Technologies Llc Out of position friction stir welding of casing and small diameter tubing or pipe
US9676056B2 (en) 2011-12-16 2017-06-13 Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften—Fachhochschule Kempten Method for joining two essentially metal sheet-type workpieces by means of friction squeeze welding using a filler material
CN107877016A (zh) * 2017-12-11 2018-04-06 重集团天津重工有限公司 钢对接的感应加热‑搅拌摩擦复合焊接方法及装置
CN111235378A (zh) * 2020-02-21 2020-06-05 中国人民解放军96901部队22分队 一种大型件搅拌摩擦焊随焊即成焊缝热处理装置及方法
CN114939716A (zh) * 2022-07-06 2022-08-26 重庆理工大学 一种改善铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头表面腐蚀敏感性的方法
CN114951955A (zh) * 2022-05-26 2022-08-30 南京航空航天大学 一种高熔点异种材料薄板搅拌摩擦焊复合能场方法和装置
CN115121932A (zh) * 2022-06-29 2022-09-30 广东铭利达科技有限公司 一种铝合金超声振动辅助搅拌摩擦焊接方法
GB2608136A (en) * 2021-06-22 2022-12-28 Pinweld Ltd Polymeric pipe welding apparatus

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111673263A (zh) * 2020-05-11 2020-09-18 首钢集团有限公司 一种超高强钢和铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3779446A (en) * 1971-10-13 1973-12-18 J Lemelson Welding apparatus
US4144110A (en) * 1969-06-05 1979-03-13 Jane Luc Dynamic friction bonding process
WO1993010935A1 (fr) * 1991-12-06 1993-06-10 The Welding Institute Ameliorations relatives au soudage par friction
WO1998045080A1 (fr) * 1997-04-04 1998-10-15 Esab Ab Procede et dispositif de soudage par friction et deplacement cyclique

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4144110A (en) * 1969-06-05 1979-03-13 Jane Luc Dynamic friction bonding process
US3779446A (en) * 1971-10-13 1973-12-18 J Lemelson Welding apparatus
WO1993010935A1 (fr) * 1991-12-06 1993-06-10 The Welding Institute Ameliorations relatives au soudage par friction
WO1998045080A1 (fr) * 1997-04-04 1998-10-15 Esab Ab Procede et dispositif de soudage par friction et deplacement cyclique

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DERWENT'S ABSTRACT, No. 98-514328/44, week 9844; & JP 10225781 A (SHOWA ALUMINUM CORP) 25 August 1998. *

Cited By (62)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6264088B1 (en) * 1997-05-16 2001-07-24 Esab Ab Welding assembly for friction stir welding
US6168067B1 (en) 1998-06-23 2001-01-02 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation High strength friction stir welding
US6722556B2 (en) * 1999-11-18 2004-04-20 Gkss Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh Method and device for joining at least two adjoining work pieces by friction welding
US7993575B2 (en) 2000-05-08 2011-08-09 Megastir Technologies, LLC Friction stir welding using a superabrasive tool
US7124929B2 (en) 2000-05-08 2006-10-24 Sii Megadiamond, Inc. Friction stir welding of metal matrix composites, ferrous alloys, non-ferrous alloys, and superalloys using a superabrasive tool
US8302834B2 (en) 2000-05-08 2012-11-06 MegaStar Technologies LLC Friction stir welding using a superabrasive tool
US6648206B2 (en) 2000-05-08 2003-11-18 Tracey W. Nelson Friction stir welding using a superabrasive tool
US7152776B2 (en) 2000-05-08 2006-12-26 Sii Megadiamond, Inc. Friction stir welding using a superabrasive tool
US7661572B2 (en) 2000-05-08 2010-02-16 Brigham Young University Friction stir welding using a superabrasive tool
US9061370B2 (en) 2000-05-08 2015-06-23 Brigham Young University Friction stir welding using a superabrasive tool
US6779704B2 (en) 2000-05-08 2004-08-24 Tracy W. Nelson Friction stir welding of metal matrix composites, ferrous alloys, non-ferrous alloys, and superalloys using a superabrasive tool
WO2002007924A1 (fr) * 2000-07-25 2002-01-31 Eads Deutschland Gmbh Procede de soudage par friction et agitation assiste par laser
DE10036170C1 (de) * 2000-07-25 2001-12-06 Eads Deutschland Gmbh Laserunterstütztes Reibrührschweißverfahren
US6793118B2 (en) 2000-07-25 2004-09-21 Eads Deutschland Gmbh Laser supported friction stir welding method
US6352193B1 (en) 2000-08-01 2002-03-05 General Electric Company Apparatus for joining electrically conductive materials
US6736305B2 (en) 2000-09-07 2004-05-18 Rolls-Royce Plc Method and apparatus for friction welding
US6769595B2 (en) * 2000-12-20 2004-08-03 Alcoa Inc. Friction plunge riveting
WO2002074479A1 (fr) * 2001-03-19 2002-09-26 Rotem Industries Ltd. Procede et appareil perfectionne de soudage par friction et agitation
US7608296B2 (en) 2001-06-12 2009-10-27 Brigham Young University Anvil for friction stir welding high temperature materials
US8127977B1 (en) 2001-11-27 2012-03-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Thermal stir welder
US8225984B1 (en) * 2001-11-27 2012-07-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Thermal stir welding process
US7980449B2 (en) * 2001-11-27 2011-07-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Thermal stir welding apparatus
US6780525B2 (en) * 2001-12-26 2004-08-24 The Boeing Company High strength friction stir welding
CN1301822C (zh) * 2002-09-17 2007-02-28 波音公司 辐射辅助摩擦焊
US6776328B2 (en) 2002-09-17 2004-08-17 The Boeing Company Radiation assisted friction welding
US7270257B2 (en) 2003-01-30 2007-09-18 Sii Megadiamond, Inc. Out-of-position friction stir welding of high melting temperature alloys
US7530486B2 (en) 2003-05-05 2009-05-12 Sii Megadiamond, Inc. Applications of friction stir welding using a superabrasive tool
US7225968B2 (en) 2003-08-04 2007-06-05 Sii Megadiamond, Inc. Crack repair using friction stir welding on materials including metal matrix composites, ferrous alloys, non-ferrous alloys, and superalloys
US7121448B2 (en) 2003-08-29 2006-10-17 General Electric Company Friction stir welding apparatus and associated thermal management systems and methods
CN1313238C (zh) * 2003-09-11 2007-05-02 波音公司 带变速探头的搅拌摩擦焊装置及方法
EP1514632A1 (fr) * 2003-09-11 2005-03-16 The Boeing Company Dispositif et procédé de soudage par friction et agitation avec un outil ayant une vitesse de rotation cyclique
US6913186B2 (en) 2003-09-11 2005-07-05 The Boeing Company Apparatus and method for friction stir welding with a variable speed pin
US8186561B2 (en) 2004-03-24 2012-05-29 Megastir Technologies, LLC Solid state processing of hand-held knife blades to improve blade performance
US8955734B2 (en) 2004-05-21 2015-02-17 Smith International, Inc. Ball hole welding using the friction stir welding (FSW) process
US7156277B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2007-01-02 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Friction stir welding method and apparatus
US7651018B2 (en) 2004-10-05 2010-01-26 Sii Megadiamond Expandable mandrel for use in friction stir welding
US7078647B2 (en) 2004-10-21 2006-07-18 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Arc-enhanced friction stir welding
US7882998B2 (en) 2005-09-26 2011-02-08 Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Zentrum für Material-und Küstenforschung GmbH Method and apparatus of producing a welded connection between the surfaces of two planar workpieces
US8056797B2 (en) 2005-10-05 2011-11-15 Megastir Technologies Expandable mandrel for use in friction stir welding
US8550326B2 (en) 2005-10-05 2013-10-08 Megastir Technologies Llc Expandable mandrel for use in friction stir welding
US8967451B2 (en) 2008-07-09 2015-03-03 Fluor Technologies Corporation High-speed friction stir welding
RU2393070C1 (ru) * 2008-12-11 2010-06-27 ОАО "Научно-исследовательский институт природных, синтетических алмазов и инструмента" Способ сварки трением с перемешиванием
US9242308B2 (en) 2009-11-02 2016-01-26 Megastir Technologies Llc Out of position friction stir welding of casing and small diameter tubing or pipe
DE102010018504A1 (de) 2010-04-28 2011-11-03 Aleris Aluminum Koblenz Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Hohlprofils
WO2012084140A1 (fr) * 2010-12-14 2012-06-28 Hochschule Für Angewandte Wissenschaften - Fachhochschule Kempten Procédé d'assemblage de pièces à l'aide d'un élément d'assemblage et chauffage de l'élément d'assemblage et des pièces
US9339892B2 (en) 2010-12-14 2016-05-17 Hochschule fuer angewandte Wissenschaften—Fachhochschule Kempten Method for joining workpieces by using a joining element and heating the joining element and the workpieces
WO2013081731A1 (fr) * 2011-12-01 2013-06-06 Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc Système et procédé pour le traitement et le soudage par friction malaxage assisté par la lumière de matières métalliques et non métalliques
US10647064B2 (en) 2011-12-01 2020-05-12 Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc System and method for light assisted friction stir processing and welding of metallic and non-metallic materials
US9676056B2 (en) 2011-12-16 2017-06-13 Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften—Fachhochschule Kempten Method for joining two essentially metal sheet-type workpieces by means of friction squeeze welding using a filler material
US10195686B2 (en) 2011-12-16 2019-02-05 Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften—Fachhochshule Kempten Method for joining two essentially metal sheet-type workpieces using friction squeeze welding
US9216473B2 (en) * 2012-04-18 2015-12-22 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Clamping and heating apparatus for joining tools
US20130276299A1 (en) * 2012-04-18 2013-10-24 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Clamping and Heating Apparatus For Joining Tools
CN105033475A (zh) * 2015-09-18 2015-11-11 哈尔滨工业大学 用于铝钢材料对接的钢侧高频感应加热搅拌摩擦焊方法
CN107877016A (zh) * 2017-12-11 2018-04-06 重集团天津重工有限公司 钢对接的感应加热‑搅拌摩擦复合焊接方法及装置
CN107877016B (zh) * 2017-12-11 2020-04-14 一重集团天津重工有限公司 钢对接的感应加热-搅拌摩擦复合焊接方法及装置
CN111235378A (zh) * 2020-02-21 2020-06-05 中国人民解放军96901部队22分队 一种大型件搅拌摩擦焊随焊即成焊缝热处理装置及方法
GB2608136A (en) * 2021-06-22 2022-12-28 Pinweld Ltd Polymeric pipe welding apparatus
GB2608136B (en) * 2021-06-22 2024-01-03 Pinweld Ltd Polymeric pipe welding apparatus
CN114951955A (zh) * 2022-05-26 2022-08-30 南京航空航天大学 一种高熔点异种材料薄板搅拌摩擦焊复合能场方法和装置
CN115121932A (zh) * 2022-06-29 2022-09-30 广东铭利达科技有限公司 一种铝合金超声振动辅助搅拌摩擦焊接方法
CN114939716A (zh) * 2022-07-06 2022-08-26 重庆理工大学 一种改善铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头表面腐蚀敏感性的方法
CN114939716B (zh) * 2022-07-06 2023-08-29 重庆理工大学 一种改善铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头表面腐蚀敏感性的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO980542D0 (no) 1998-02-09
AU2442999A (en) 1999-08-23

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