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WO1999037060A1 - Systeme de commande de transmission - Google Patents

Systeme de commande de transmission Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999037060A1
WO1999037060A1 PCT/JP1999/000056 JP9900056W WO9937060A1 WO 1999037060 A1 WO1999037060 A1 WO 1999037060A1 JP 9900056 W JP9900056 W JP 9900056W WO 9937060 A1 WO9937060 A1 WO 9937060A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
communication
communication control
control means
mac address
station
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1999/000056
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Toshio Ogawa
Chuuji Akiyama
Original Assignee
Yokogawa Electric Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yokogawa Electric Corporation filed Critical Yokogawa Electric Corporation
Priority to US09/381,450 priority Critical patent/US6594227B1/en
Priority to EP99900162A priority patent/EP0981226A4/fr
Publication of WO1999037060A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999037060A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/09—Mapping addresses
    • H04L61/10—Mapping addresses of different types
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/09—Mapping addresses
    • H04L61/25—Mapping addresses of the same type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/40—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass for recovering from a failure of a protocol instance or entity, e.g. service redundancy protocols, protocol state redundancy or protocol service redirection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02—Details
    • H04J3/14—Monitoring arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2101/00—Indexing scheme associated with group H04L61/00
    • H04L2101/60—Types of network addresses
    • H04L2101/618—Details of network addresses
    • H04L2101/622—Layer-2 addresses, e.g. medium access control [MAC] addresses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • H04L41/0654—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using network fault recovery

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a communication control system in which a communication station that performs communication according to a TCPZIP protocol is connected to an E bus.
  • TCP / IP Transfer Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
  • TCP / IP is a widely used protocol for computer networks.
  • TCP / IP is a combination of two protocols, TCP and IP.
  • TCP is a protocol for accurately transmitting data
  • IP is a protocol for transferring data between networks in a bucket manner.
  • Ethernet is a LAN (Local Area Network) widely used in computer networks.
  • “Ethernet” is a registered trademark of Xerox Corporation.
  • Fig. 1 is a conceptual configuration diagram when a communication station that performs communication according to the TCPZIP protocol is mounted on an Ethernet bus (referred to as an E bus). This figure is a diagram conceptually showing the configuration of software and hardware.
  • the communication station ST is connected on the E bus B.
  • the communication station ST is connected to the E bus B via the network adapter NA. There are TCP and UDP on IP. According to these protocols, the communication station ST performs the first communication.
  • UDP User Data Protocol
  • TCP establishes a connection between the sender and the receiver, and can perform recovery after a communication failure. In both protocols, the sending and receiving party recognizes the IP address and the protocol port number.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the structure of a communication frame in the case of TCP.
  • the network adapter NA receives only frames destined for its own station in order to reduce the burden on the software above. Therefore, the Ethernet header shown in Fig. 11 9 7060 has a 6-byte destination address (this is called the MAC address).
  • the MAC address is specific to the network adapter and is specified so that there is no duplication around the world.
  • the transmission unit of TCPZIP is called an IP packet, and is stored in the data portion of the Ethernet frame.
  • TCP / IP communication is designed to be transmitted even through a medium other than Ethernet, for example, ATM (Asynchronous Transfer), WAN (Wide Area Network) and the like. Therefore, IP packets have Internet addresses (called IP addresses) as destinations.
  • IP recognizes only one MAC address per communication station. This has been a bottleneck in making the communication system redundant.
  • Some distributed control systems have an E-bus. Some distributed control systems have a redundant configuration to improve reliability. The fact that the IP recognizes only one MAC address per communication station has been an obstacle to achieving redundancy in a distributed control system with an E bus.
  • Fig. 3 (a) is an example using TCP, and (b) is an example using UDP.
  • the E bus has B1 and B2 drawn.
  • Redundant network adapters NA to TCP or UDP are provided on the transmission side and the reception side of communication.
  • the user application program AP selects which of the redundant routes to use. Since the IP address and the MAC address are in a 1: 1 relationship, the IP and the TCP or UDP on it have to be made redundant. Redundancy control is performed by the user application program program AP.
  • Redundancy control must be performed by the user application program, which is a burden.
  • TCP is duplicated, resources (memory) such as connection management are doubled.
  • resources such as connection management are doubled.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and has a configuration in which a MAC address recognized by an IP is transferred to an IP even when a redundant portion is switched.
  • the purpose of this is to realize a communication control system in which the user application program does not need to be aware of redundancy even when a communication station that performs communication using the TCP / IP protocol is connected to the E-bus and a redundant configuration is adopted. It shall be.
  • the present invention is a communication control system having the following configuration.
  • a communication station is connected to a network via a network adapter, and the communication station is provided with communication control means.
  • the communication control means performs communication according to a TCPZIP protocol, and is unique to the network adapter. In the communication control system in which the communication control means recognizes only one MAC address for one communication station of the other party,
  • the MAC address of the transmission destination in the transmission request is set to the MAC address of the network adapter with which the communication is made.
  • O 9/37060 is a communication control system characterized by comprising redundancy control means for converting a transmission source MAC address attached to a received frame into a MAC address recognized by the communication control means of the own station.
  • the diagnostic means transmits an I CMP echo as a diagnostic frame at a predetermined cycle, and if no response is returned even after a lapse of time longer than the predetermined cycle, it is determined that an error has occurred.
  • the redundancy control means of the transmitting station transmits to all network adapters, and the redundancy control means of the receiving station controls the communication of its own station among the multiple communication frames received by the redundant network adapter.
  • the communication control system according to (2) or (3) wherein only the communication frame having the MAC address recognized by the means is selected and passed to the communication control means.
  • the redundancy control means of the receiving station should pass the communication frame received by the network adapter on the service side to the communication control means of its own station, and use the communication frame received by the other network adapter as a diagnostic frame.
  • the communication control system according to (10) which is characterized in that:
  • the receiving station redundancy control means when receiving a signal from another network adapter without receiving a signal from the service side network adapter, replaces the received network adapter with a new service side network adapter.
  • the redundancy control means of the receiving station must first pass the communication frame from the network adapter that has received the communication frame to the communication control means, and use the communication frame received from another network adapter as a diagnostic frame. (10) The communication control system according to (10).
  • a communication station is connected to the network, and the communication station is provided with communication control means.
  • the communication control means performs communication in accordance with the TCPZ IP protocol and uses only one MAC address for one communication station.
  • TCPZ IP protocol uses only one MAC address for one communication station.
  • Only one communication control means is mounted in one communication station,
  • Ports provided redundantly in one communication station, A network controller interposed between this port and the communication control means, having a MAC address, for transmitting and receiving communication frames input / output to / from the port, and a communication control means for switching the working side port. Port control means for connecting a network controller with a MAC address recognized by
  • a communication control system comprising:
  • the diagnostic means transmits an I CMP echo as a diagnostic frame at a predetermined cycle, and if no response is returned even after a lapse of time longer than the predetermined cycle, determines that an abnormality has occurred.
  • the communication control system according to (18).
  • FIG. 1 is a conceptual configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a specific configuration example of FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory diagram of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a conceptual configuration diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an operation explanatory diagram of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the port management means.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the port management means.
  • FIG. 11 is a conceptual configuration diagram when a communication station that performs communication according to the TCPZIP protocol is mounted on the E bus.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the structure of a communication frame.
  • FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of a conventional example of a communication control system having a redundant configuration.
  • FIG. 4 is a conceptual configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the same components as those in the previous diagram are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • the communication station STN is connected on E buses B1 and B2.
  • the communication station STN has two network adapters NA1 and NA2 and a single TCP / IP, and redundant software S is between them.
  • the redundant software S has a MAC address conversion table T inside.
  • Above the TCPZIP there is a normal user application program AP that uses the functions of the TCPZIP.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a specific configuration example of FIG.
  • the network adapters NA 1 and NA 2 are provided redundantly in one communication station, and each has a unique MAC address.
  • the communication control means 1 is mounted on each communication station, and performs communication in accordance with the TCPZIP communication rules.
  • the conversion table memory 2 stores an address conversion table.
  • the redundancy control means 3 is interposed between the network adapters NA 1 and NA 2 and the communication control means 1, and when a transmission request is received from the communication control means 1, the MAC address of the transmission destination in the transmission request Is converted to the MAC address of the network adapter with which it is communicating, and when it is received, the MAC address of the sender attached to the received frame is converted to the MAC address recognized by its own communication control means 1. I do.
  • the redundancy control means 3 executes the redundancy software S.
  • the AP execution means 4 executes the user application program AP using the TCP / IP function.
  • Diagnosis means 5 diagnoses whether communication is performed normally.
  • Figure 6 shows a network with three redundant communication stations.
  • Stations A, B, and C Each has two network adapters NA 1 and NA 2, and their MAC addresses are MAI, MA2, MB1, MB2, MCI, MC2.
  • the three stations are connected by redundant E buses Bl and B2, respectively, but they do not depend on the bus connection. It works even when connected to a single bus.
  • the MAC address conversion table shown in Fig. 7 is defined for the redundant software of the three stations.
  • the communication partner of each network adapter is determined by this conversion table.
  • the communication control means 1 which performs communication using the IP protocol, recognizes the MAC address (in this example, MAI, MB1, MC1,) of the partner station to which "1" is attached.
  • the MAC address in this example, MAI, MB1, MC1,
  • ARP Address Resolution Protocol
  • the IP of station A passes the IP bucket to be transmitted to the redundancy software and the MAC address (MB1) of the other party. Communication is performed according to the following procedure.
  • station B When station B receives a frame from MB1 side, the source network adapter attaches its own MAC address (MA1) to the frame. Station B uses MA1 directly from the conversion table.
  • MA1 its own MAC address
  • the source network adapter attaches its own MAC address (MA2) to the frame.
  • Station B uses MA1 from the conversion table as the source MAC address.
  • the transmission data from station A reaches station B overnight.
  • the network adapter used for communication is switched, the MAC address on the 1 side is always handled by the IP on the transmitting side and the IP on the receiving side.
  • Which network adapter is selected on the sending side and which network adapter is sent to IP on the receiving side depends on the following redundancy algorithm.
  • the sender In the first redundancy algorithm, the sender always sends to one regular network adapter.
  • the service side When communicating between two stations, the service side may be different in each direction. Since the same communication frame is not received repeatedly, the redundancy software on the receiving side only converts the MAC address and sends all received frames to IP.
  • the redundancy software may use the transmitting network adapter alternately. If an abnormality is found in the route, do not use it. The frame is now propagated, except for one time immediately after the failure.
  • the transmitting side may be used by fixing the service side. Switch to the standby side only when an abnormality is found in the service side path.
  • the network adapters used as the service side and the standby side may be switched and used.
  • the switching may not be performed every time, but may be performed at appropriate intervals or at the number of transmissions.
  • Ethernet frames may be exchanged with the partner at appropriate intervals and used for route diagnosis.
  • the diagnosis may be made on both the service side and the standby side.
  • the diagnosis may use the ICMP echo included in the Internet standard protocol. This means that when an echo request is sent to the partner station IP, the partner returns an echo response. The diagnosis is made using the response.
  • Diagnosis may be performed for all MAC addresses on Ethernet. Since all cases are exhausted, a successful transmission is always guaranteed.
  • the diagnostic frame may be sent only to the communication station necessary for securing the route. For example, if there is a router or switch with a unique IP address on the network, a diagnostic frame is sent only to the router or switch to secure a route to that router. In this way, the diagnostic frame is not sent to the network unnecessarily, and network congestion can be reduced.
  • both network adapters when sending, both network adapters are requested to send after changing the MAC address of the destination. Since the receiving station receives the same frame repeatedly, the receiving station may remove the redundant frame. 60 The receiving side may use the fixed side for fixed use, pass only the frame from the network adapter to IP, and use the reception from the other side only for diagnostic purposes. Switch to the standby side only when an abnormality is found in the service side path.
  • the receiving network adapter is switched alternately or at an appropriate cycle. Reception from other sources is used for diagnostic purposes only. If an error is found on the receiving side, switch to the standby side.
  • switching may be performed assuming that there is an error in the path of the regular adapter.
  • a virtual MAC address may be defined in addition to the MAC address described above.
  • the use of virtual MAC addresses is independent of the redundancy algorithm described above, and can coexist with them.
  • the virtual MAC address is listed in the MAC address conversion table.
  • the virtual MAC address is the MAC address of the communication partner used by the IP, and there is no need to correlate with the MAC address of the actual partner, nor does the partner need to know the virtual MAC address .
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a MAC address conversion table on which virtual MAC addresses are placed.
  • the IP is only informed of the virtual MAC address.
  • the virtual MAC address is notified to the IP by using the ARP described above.
  • the redundancy software of station A is given an IP packet to be sent to MAC-B.
  • Station B changes the MA C address to MA C-A and sends it to the IP, regardless of whether the source MA C address is MA1 or MA2.
  • the MAC address used by the IP does not depend on hardware, and it is easy to recover from a failure.
  • the network adapter on the 1st side of station A fails and is replaced. Route 1 is out of order but communication is continuing. If you replace the network adapter on one side, the new adapter will have a different MAC address, for example MA3.
  • the address conversion table in Fig. 4 station B If the MAI in the MAC address conversion table is changed to MA3, the MAC address MA1 used by the IP will not be present in the MAC address conversion table, causing problems such as disconnection.
  • Using a virtual MAC address simply rewrites the specific MAC address of the other party, so it can be exchanged without affecting the operation of IP.
  • the MAC address conversion table may be updated using the MAC address received from each network adapter. Since the ARP address determination is always entered when the system is started, a MAC address conversion table can be automatically generated. In addition, if some network adapters are replaced, new adapters can be incorporated into the redundancy mechanism by receiving frames from those adapters.
  • FIG. 9 is a conceptual configuration diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 there are two ports PA1 and PA2 and a single TCPZ IP, between which there is a port management means PT.
  • the port management means PT can be implemented as part of the device driver on a normal operating system.
  • Above the TCPZIP there is a normal user application program AP that uses the functions of the TCPZIP.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a specific configuration example of FIG.
  • Ports PA1 and PA2 only input and output communication frames and do not have MAC addresses.
  • Network controllers NC1 and NC2 connected above ports PA1 and PA2 have MAC addresses.
  • the port control means 6 When switching the service port, the port control means 6 connects the network controller with the MAC address recognized by the communication control means 1 to the new service port.
  • FIG. 7060 Figure 11 shows a network in which three redundant communication stations are connected. Stations A, B, and C each have two ports, and the MAC address of the network controller connected to each port is MAI, MA2, MBl, MB2, MCI, MC2, and the MAC address of the service side Is 1 (in this example, MAI, MBl, MC1,).
  • the three stations are connected to a single network, but this is not a limitation. If a route can be set up between any ports, it may be a separate network connected by bridge B.
  • a TCP connection is specified by four parameters: the IP address of station A, MA1, the IP address of station B, and MB1.
  • port management means PT connects a network controller having a MAC address of MA1 to port PA2 and continues communication.
  • the MAC address of the network controller connected to port PA1 of station A is MA2 in this example, and the diagnosis is continued by using this MAC address to wait for recovery.
  • the causes of port switching at station A are 1, 5, and 2, and the other factors are recovered by switching at station B.
  • Station A sends an ICMP echo to another station for diagnosis. If a response is returned, it is known that the network between the transmitting / receiving circuit of the station A and the partner station is normal. There may be a plurality of algorithms for abnormality detection.
  • diagnosis it is only necessary to send a diagnosis frame to only devices necessary for securing a route. For example, if there is a router or switch with its own IP address on the network, a diagnostic frame is sent only to the switch or switch to secure a route to it. Of course, diagnosis may be performed for all partner stations.
  • FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 are diagrams showing a configuration example of the port management means PT.
  • a MAC address is specified for each of the network controllers NC1 and NC2, and which port is used is switched by switches SW1 and SW2. Switching of the switches SW1 and SW2 is performed by the port control means 6. In this configuration example, the time required for switching is short.
  • the network controllers NC 1 and NC 2 exchange communication frames between the communication control means 1 and the E buses B 1 and B 2.
  • the network controllers NC 1 and NC 2 are combined with the ports PA 1 and PA 2 on a one-to-one basis, and the MAC address is changed by the port control means 6 by setting addresses to the controllers NC 1 and NC 2. .
  • the switching time is long, but it can cope with failure of the service-side controller.
  • FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 may be implemented simultaneously.
  • the TCP connection is not redundant and does not require much memory.
  • the MAC address management table requires, for example, several tens of bytes per partner station.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Computer And Data Communications (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de commande de transmission permettant à un programme d'application utilisateur d'ignorer une configuration redondante susceptible d'être utilisée pour connecter un E-bus avec une station pour permettre une transmission selon le protocole TCP/IP. Le système comporte un moyen de commande de redondance situé entre le moyen de commande de transmission pour permettre une transmission selon le protocole TCP/IP, et un adaptateur de réseau redondant. A la réception d'une demande de transmission provenant du moyen de commande de transmission, le moyen de commande de redondance transforme l'adresse MAC d'une destination contenue dans la demande de transmission en une adresse MAC de l'adaptateur de réseau homologue. Pour recevoir des données provenant de l'adaptateur de réseau, l'adresse MAC de l'émetteur accompagnant la trame reçue est transformée en une adresse MAC que le moyen de commande de transmission peut identifier.
PCT/JP1999/000056 1998-01-13 1999-01-11 Systeme de commande de transmission WO1999037060A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/381,450 US6594227B1 (en) 1998-01-13 1999-01-11 Communication control system
EP99900162A EP0981226A4 (fr) 1998-01-13 1999-01-11 Systeme de commande de transmission

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10/4956 1998-01-13
JP00495698A JP3511875B2 (ja) 1998-01-13 1998-01-13 通信制御システム

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999037060A1 true WO1999037060A1 (fr) 1999-07-22

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PCT/JP1999/000056 WO1999037060A1 (fr) 1998-01-13 1999-01-11 Systeme de commande de transmission

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US (1) US6594227B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0981226A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP3511875B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999037060A1 (fr)

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EP0981226A4 (fr) 2005-03-16
JPH11205356A (ja) 1999-07-30
EP0981226A1 (fr) 2000-02-23
US6594227B1 (en) 2003-07-15
JP3511875B2 (ja) 2004-03-29

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