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WO1999020717A1 - Procede de production d'un corps combustible et dispositif correspondant - Google Patents

Procede de production d'un corps combustible et dispositif correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999020717A1
WO1999020717A1 PCT/SE1998/001859 SE9801859W WO9920717A1 WO 1999020717 A1 WO1999020717 A1 WO 1999020717A1 SE 9801859 W SE9801859 W SE 9801859W WO 9920717 A1 WO9920717 A1 WO 9920717A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ground
solid
thermoplastic
mixing
zone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/SE1998/001859
Other languages
English (en)
Swedish (sv)
Inventor
Zargham Niazi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AU95637/98A priority Critical patent/AU9563798A/en
Publication of WO1999020717A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999020717A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/30—Feeding material to presses
    • B30B15/302—Feeding material in particulate or plastic state to moulding presses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/48—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on industrial residues and waste materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a method and a device for manufacturing composite fuel bodies such as briquettes and similar that include one or more solid combustible materials.
  • Collected combustible material e.g. wood, wood fibre, rubber, plastics and other solid material, can be used with advantage during incineration because it often has a high content of energy.
  • recycled materials can be ground-down, for example by means of a grinding mill, before they are fed to a combustion chamber.
  • a known method for manufacturing briquettes of only wooden material includes the wood being ground and then compressed to a composite briquette. Variations of this method can be found in two main groups. In the first, the briquettes are formed in a discontinuous manner, whereby the ground wood is compacted by a piston operating in a linear manner in a cylinder. In the second, the briquettes are formed in a continuous manner, whereby the ground wood is compacted by being pressed by means of a screw-feeder through a compressing nozzle for forming briquettes.
  • plastic e.g. recycled plastic.
  • the lignin When adding material other than wood to manufacture a briquette, the lignin does not provide sufficient adhesion to hold together a body such as a briquette.
  • Incinerating plastic material gives rise to by-products that do not always have a positive effect on the environment in the immediate vicinity or the surrounding nature.
  • the objective of the present invention is to achieve a method and a device for manufacturing fuel bodies of solid material including thermoplastics as an adhesive agent and that have positive environmental effects.
  • thermoplastic a component that increases the energy content.
  • thermoplastic in the briquette In order for the volume taken up by the thermoplastic in the briquette to be minimised, and for its potential as an adhesive agent to be realised, it should already be molten when the briquettes are compressed.
  • thermoplastics such as polyethylene or polypropane to the extent that they are able to function as adhesives
  • temperatures usually in the range 200- 230 °C.
  • heating the area of compression up to these temperatures is not without its problems.
  • the thermoplastic tends to stick firmly to the compression device at the piston or at the screw conveyor.
  • Another problem that can occur is that the wooden components begin to carbonise and risk catching fire.
  • the carbonisation process begins at temperatures around 120°C and then increases with increased temperature.
  • Fig. 1 shows a device for the continuous manufacture of fuel bodies in the form of briquettes from ground-down combustible material in a solid form according to one preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the device includes a mixing zone for mixing the components that make up the fuel body, a compression zone for compressing together the components as well as an output zone where the formed fuel bodies exit from the compression zone.
  • a mixing zone for mixing the components that make up the fuel body
  • a compression zone for compressing together the components as well as an output zone where the formed fuel bodies exit from the compression zone.
  • an inlet to the mixing zone is arranged for feeding the ground-down combustible material in solid form, and in this inlet, a nozzle is arranged for the thermoplastic to be fed out in liquid form.
  • the device includes at least one feeding device, e.g. in the form of a conveyor 1 for feeding the solid formed components towards the input zone 2.
  • the conveyer can be of any type at all that is suitable for feeding solid material in a ground-down form, e.g. a conveyor belt, rocking chute, gradient or a feeding device at the bottom of a container.
  • the conveyor is a screw conveyor 1.
  • the conveyor feeds the solid component forms forward in an amount that is regulated per unit of time. If precise regulation of the composition of several components in solid forms is required, it can be advantageous if an adjustable conveyor is arranged to feed each respective component.
  • the conveyor 1 feeds the ground-down solid material to the input zone.
  • the input zone includes the inlet 2 to the mixing zone 3.
  • the solid material that has been fed in is mixed in the mixing zone.
  • the mixing zone comprises an essentially cylindrical- shaped chamber 4.
  • a mixing screw 5 is arranged in the chamber for the stirring and axial displacement of the solid component forms that were fed into one end of the chamber through the inlet.
  • projections can be arranged along the inner walls of the chamber 4 with the task of preventing conveyed material merely sliding along the walls of the chamber and not being mixed. Parts of the solid component forms that are located closest to the walls of the chamber 4 are moved by the mixing screw towards the projection where they are forced to a stop and thus stirred.
  • the projection can be formed as a ridge in a continuous screw-like linear form from one end of the chamber to the other, as ring- shaped ridges around the chamber, as discontinuous stirring projections along the length of the chamber, etc.
  • a pr ⁇ -requisite is, however, that the radial extension of the projection in the chamber does not hamper the screw 5.
  • An example of a suitable radial extension of the projection in the chamber 4 is 5 - 10 mm.
  • An example of a suitable gap between the projection and the outer radial parts of the screw is 3-10 mm.
  • the mixing screw 5 is preferably connected to a suitable adjustable driving device such as an electric motor with an adjustable speed of revolution.
  • the compression zone is connected to the other end of the chamber 4.
  • the compression zone can be considered to include the end of the chamber 4 and a restricted-diameter extension of it.
  • the restricted-diameter extension includes a compression nozzle 6.
  • the compression nozzle has a channel 8 converging towards a tighter opening 7.
  • the converging channel can be circular or have another cross-sectional form. It can also have differing cross-sectional forms in different positions.
  • the opening 7 influences the form of the briquette that exits through it, and can be circular, oval, rectangular or some other suitable or desirable form.
  • the converging channel is circular with a smooth change in its dimensions.
  • a post-shaping nozzle 9 is arranged exterior to opening 7 with an internal channel whose internal cross-sectional shape closely agrees with the cross-sectional shape of the opening 7 but which then diverges to accommodate the tendency of the exiting compressed briquette to expand somewhat.
  • a nozzle 10 through which thermoplastic is fed out in molten form is arranged in the input zone and extending into the inlet. This feeding out preferably takes place through a spraying nozzle to achieve a distribution of the molten plastic among the solid component forms prior to them entering the mixing zone 3.
  • the supply of the molten thermoplastic preferably takes place continuously and from a suitable device, e.g. extrusion equipment.
  • the extrusion equipment can advantageously be loaded with ground-down, crushed or granulated recycled thermoplastic.
  • the extrusion equipment can be a standard kind currently available on the market or a specially designed type that comprises a part that is integrated with the other parts of the device.
  • the post-shaping nozzle 9 can advantageously be provided with a means of heating to enable the nozzle to be maintained at a temperature of around 80 °C or within an interval of 80°C ⁇ 5°C.
  • the method for manufacturing composite fuel bodies in a continuous process includes that thermoplastic is added to ground-down solid component forms such as crushed, chopped or chipped components of combustible material, preferably via a spray nozzle, prior to the components being compressed to a fuel body.
  • the molten plastic is added before mixing of the solid fuel component forms takes place.
  • the solid fuel component forms are fed to an input zone at a specified rate.
  • the thermoplastic is fed to the input zone by means of a spray adjacent to the entry into the mixing zone in liquid form and at a specified rate.
  • Normal fractions of recycled plastic are considered to contain LDPE, HDPE, ABS, PVC, EPDM, polystyrene, polypropane and polycarbonate.
  • the proportion of PVC-containing plastic is usually less than 10 % of the fraction. This should therefore be borne in mind when composing a formula, whereby the total chlorine content of the briquette should be less than 1 % .
  • Reed canary grass An addition of reed canary grass to the wooden material has been shown to produce a positive environmental effect during incineration.
  • Mixing in reed canary grass has a neutralising effect on this.
  • Reed canary grass also helps bind chlorine and other substances that are known to be found in PVC.
  • Reed canary grass can advantageously be included in the briquette with a percentage by weight of 0-10 % , preferably 10 % . A higher proportion has not been demonstrated to increase the positive environmental effects.
  • Reed canary grass is a perennial grass, about two metres high with a strong, rigid stem, broad leaves and a long panicle.
  • Reed canary grass grows wild in Sweden and is cultivated as fodder in several parts of the world. Different species of grass for use as biological fuels have been studied in field experiments since the beginning of the 1980s. Reed canary grass has provided the biggest harvests and has been the most robust and resistant of all the species tested. Thanks to its low water content, reed canary grass can be stored long-term without any great risk of mould formation or loss of substance.
  • molten plastic has been used above. This refers to the liquid phase of the material and not to its solid phase, irrespective of the viscosity.
  • the proportion of plastic included in the briquette should not exceed 30 % .

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif permettant de produire des corps combustibles composites tels que des agglomérés de charbon et équivalent contenant au moins une matière combustible solide. Le procédé de production de corps combustibles solides composés d'au moins un composant combustible désagrégé, consiste à comprimer les composants solides désagrégés, en partie constitués d'alpistes roseaux désagrégés, afin d'obtenir des corps combustibles, du thermoplastique en fusion étant ajouté aux composants solides avant leur compression. Le dispositif de production de corps combustibles comporte une zone de mélange destinée au mélange de matières combustibles désagrégées composant le corps combustible, une zone de compression destinée à la compression de ces composantes pour former le corps de combustion. Une entrée, pratiquée dans la zone de mélange, permet l'alimentation des matières combustibles désagrégées sous forme solide et une buse, placée dans cette entrée, permet l'alimentation de thermoplastique en fusion.
PCT/SE1998/001859 1997-10-21 1998-10-16 Procede de production d'un corps combustible et dispositif correspondant Ceased WO1999020717A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU95637/98A AU9563798A (en) 1997-10-21 1998-10-16 Method and device for manufacturing composite fuel bodies

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9703830A SE511292C2 (sv) 1997-10-21 1997-10-21 Förfarande och anordning vid framställning av bränslekropp
SE9703830-1 1997-10-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999020717A1 true WO1999020717A1 (fr) 1999-04-29

Family

ID=20408684

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1998/001859 Ceased WO1999020717A1 (fr) 1997-10-21 1998-10-16 Procede de production d'un corps combustible et dispositif correspondant

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU9563798A (fr)
SE (1) SE511292C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999020717A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1970431A1 (fr) 2007-03-13 2008-09-17 Loritus GmbH Dispositif et procédé de carbonisation hydrothermale de biomasses
EA011336B1 (ru) * 2007-04-02 2009-02-27 Совместное Закрытое Акционерное Общество "Биостаринжиниринг" Линия для производства топливных брикетов
WO2011033139A1 (fr) 2009-09-18 2011-03-24 Dehbagher Zargham Niazi Machine de compactage
WO2012156567A1 (fr) 2011-05-19 2012-11-22 Carrera Varela Jose Antonio Procédé et dispositif de production d'un combustible solide à partir de déchets combustibles

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3947255A (en) * 1973-01-10 1976-03-30 American Can Company Method of extruding bark and of forming a solid synthetic fuel
WO1979000988A1 (fr) * 1978-04-26 1979-11-29 I Johnston Boulettes combustibles
EP0475556A1 (fr) * 1990-09-10 1992-03-18 Tsutomu Matsuzaki Procédé pour le recyclage des déchets de matière plastique
EP0589367A1 (fr) * 1992-09-23 1994-03-30 Alfred Bolz Procédé et installation d'élimination de déchets ainsi que des pièces extrudées ou moulées
FR2702218A1 (fr) * 1993-03-02 1994-09-09 Delamare Pierre Elément combustible composite et procédé de fabrication de celui-ci.
DE4311181A1 (de) * 1993-04-06 1994-10-13 Kuhne Anlagenbau Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Formkörpern aus verschmutzten thermoplastischen Abfallstoffen zur energetischen Verwertung

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3947255A (en) * 1973-01-10 1976-03-30 American Can Company Method of extruding bark and of forming a solid synthetic fuel
WO1979000988A1 (fr) * 1978-04-26 1979-11-29 I Johnston Boulettes combustibles
EP0475556A1 (fr) * 1990-09-10 1992-03-18 Tsutomu Matsuzaki Procédé pour le recyclage des déchets de matière plastique
EP0589367A1 (fr) * 1992-09-23 1994-03-30 Alfred Bolz Procédé et installation d'élimination de déchets ainsi que des pièces extrudées ou moulées
FR2702218A1 (fr) * 1993-03-02 1994-09-09 Delamare Pierre Elément combustible composite et procédé de fabrication de celui-ci.
DE4311181A1 (de) * 1993-04-06 1994-10-13 Kuhne Anlagenbau Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Formkörpern aus verschmutzten thermoplastischen Abfallstoffen zur energetischen Verwertung

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1970431A1 (fr) 2007-03-13 2008-09-17 Loritus GmbH Dispositif et procédé de carbonisation hydrothermale de biomasses
EA011336B1 (ru) * 2007-04-02 2009-02-27 Совместное Закрытое Акционерное Общество "Биостаринжиниринг" Линия для производства топливных брикетов
WO2011033139A1 (fr) 2009-09-18 2011-03-24 Dehbagher Zargham Niazi Machine de compactage
WO2012156567A1 (fr) 2011-05-19 2012-11-22 Carrera Varela Jose Antonio Procédé et dispositif de production d'un combustible solide à partir de déchets combustibles
EP2995673A1 (fr) 2011-05-19 2016-03-16 Carrera Varela, José Antonio Combustible solide et son utilisation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE9703830D0 (sv) 1997-10-21
AU9563798A (en) 1999-05-10
SE9703830L (sv) 1999-04-22
SE511292C2 (sv) 1999-09-06

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