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WO1999012622A1 - Procede et dispositif de traitement des gaz - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de traitement des gaz Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1999012622A1
WO1999012622A1 PCT/SE1998/001567 SE9801567W WO9912622A1 WO 1999012622 A1 WO1999012622 A1 WO 1999012622A1 SE 9801567 W SE9801567 W SE 9801567W WO 9912622 A1 WO9912622 A1 WO 9912622A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
elements
metal
gas flow
gas
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/SE1998/001567
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Harry Johansson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BACT System I Skelleftea AB
Original Assignee
BACT System I Skelleftea AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BACT System I Skelleftea AB filed Critical BACT System I Skelleftea AB
Priority to AU90998/98A priority Critical patent/AU9099898A/en
Publication of WO1999012622A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999012622A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/64—Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/38—Removal of waste gases or dust
    • C21C5/40—Offtakes or separating apparatus for converter waste gases or dust
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of cleansing contaminated gases in accordance with the preamble of Claim 1 and also to an arrangement for carrying out the method.
  • Smelting processes for instance smelting processes in the steel and metal manufacturing industries, emit contaminated process gases from which solid contaminants are normally extracted in a filter system prior to releasing the gas to atmosphere.
  • the solids extracted may be a mixture of so- called mechanical dust (for instance droplets of iron, slag, powdered limestone, etc.) and so-called chemical dust formed by the condensation of vaporised metals to form metallic fumes.
  • the metallic fumes, or smoke may contain iron often together with minor quantities of zinc, lead and arsenic, for instance .
  • dust that derives from steel smelting processes in which scrap metal is involved will normally contain 0.5-8% zinc. This percentage of contaminating zinc is much too high for the dust to be recycled back to the steel process while, other the other hand, being much too low for the dust to be of any economic interest with respect to zinc production.
  • the dust thus generated is normally dumped at present .
  • smaller quantities of dust are processed in novel expensive (purification) processes.
  • dumping dust that derives from metal smelters creates economic and ecological problems . The dumping costs vary greatly from one country to another, and discussions are being held as to whether or not to introduce environment fees that will bring dumping costs on a level with the costs of processing or treating the solid contaminants .
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a highly attractive method for purifying dust-laden gases. Another object is to provide an arrangement for carrying out the inventive method. These objects are achieved with a method and an arrangement having the features set forth in the following Claims .
  • extracted solids can be made available for recirculation and processing in the original process or in a parallel process .
  • the invention provides a method of selectively extracting metals that have mutually different vaporisation temperatures, such as zinc, cadmium, arsenic, antimony and bismuth, for instance, from hot contaminated process gases downstream of metal smelters, rubbish incinerators, etc.
  • metals that have mutually different vaporisation temperatures, such as zinc, cadmium, arsenic, antimony and bismuth, for instance, from hot contaminated process gases downstream of metal smelters, rubbish incinerators, etc.
  • the inventive arrangement can be readily integrated in a process gas flow.
  • Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of an inventive arrangement
  • Figure 2 illustrates schematically a metal smelter and shows the process gas flow supplemented with an inventive arrangement and peripheral equipment
  • Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of two inventive arrangements operating in series
  • Figures 4 and 5 are schematic illustrations of alternative embodiments with respect to the peripheral equipment of the inventive arrangement
  • Figure 6 shows an example of a flowchart relating to a metal smelting process in which the inventive method is applied.
  • Figure 1 illustrates an inventive arrangement 1 in the form of a so-called metal condenser.
  • the arrangement 1 includes a vertical channel or column 2 that has a process-gas inlet 3 at its bottom end and a process-gas outlet 4 at its upper end.
  • the condenser 1 also includes at its upper end an inlet 5 for vapour condensing elements 10 and at its bottom end an outlet 6 for said condensing elements 10.
  • the condensing elements 10 exiting from the outlet 6 are collected in a collecting vessel 7 beneath said outlet.
  • the inventive arrangement 1 operates and is used in the following way.
  • the arrangement 1 is coupled in a process-gas flow 100, for instance deriving from a so-called LD-furnace for steel manufacture.
  • Contaminated and hot process gases depart from the LD- furnace.
  • the total amount of solids or dust present in the process gas may, for instance, be about 20 kg per tonne of steel produced.
  • About 20% of steel scrap is normally charged to the LD-furnace as a coolant for cooling and regulating the additional energy developed in the process.
  • solid contaminants deriving from the LD- process and its scrap addition will normally contain between 0.5 and 8% zinc. This percentage of zinc is much too high to enable the dust to be cycled back to the steel process while being much too low for the dust to be of any economic interest with regard to zinc manufacture.
  • the hot process-gas flow 100 contains zinc and that it is desired to extract the zinc, which is in a gaseous state down to a temperature of about 750°C, by means of the inventive arrangement 1.
  • zinc is thus extracted selectively from the hot process gas and forms a zinc concentrate that can be processed beneficially in known zinc processing apparatus, whereas the iron particles that are no longer contaminated by the zinc can be returned as raw material to the steel manufacturing process.
  • hot process gas 100 having a temperature such that the zinc present will be in a gaseous state while the iron is in a solid state (particle state) flows through the space 2 while a plurality of relatively cold condenser elements 10 are introduced through the inlet 5.
  • the elements 10 fall through the space 2 gravitationally and exit through the outlet 6.
  • the gaseous zinc present in the gas 100 will condense on the cold surfaces of the elements 10, so that the elements 10 will be coated with zinc when leaving the space 2 through the outlet 6.
  • These zinc coatings have been designated 11 in Figure 1.
  • the elements 10 As the elements 10 exit through the outlet 6, they are collected, e.g., in a collecting vessel 7 and, e.g., cooled down and cycled back to the inlet 5. This recycling of the elements 10 can be repeated an appropriate number of times.
  • the zinc-coated elements 10 can be transferred to a separate zinc processing apparatus and therewith be replaced by other elements 10 that have been cooled to the intended temperature and that are supplied to the arrangement 1 through the inlet 5, and so on.
  • the elements 10 will preferably be comprised of the same material as that which is to be condensed from the gas, i.e. the elements 10 will preferably be made of zinc in the illustrated case. It will be understood, however, that the size, shape, number and material content and temperature of the elements 10 may be varied as required and desired.
  • the process gas 101 that has been substantially cleansed of its zinc content leaves the arrangement through the outlet 4, for further processing.
  • Figure 2 illustrates by way of example how peripheral equipment associated with an inventive arrangement 1 can be disposed.
  • the process gas 100 departing from a steel furnace 20, e.g. an LD-furnace, passes through an inventive arrangement 1 where a gaseous metal is extracted from the process gas by condensing on elements 10 in the aforedescribed manner.
  • the elements 10 are stored in a container 21 and dispensed/metered into the space 2 in the condenser arrangement 1, via the inlet 5.
  • the elements 10 fall through the space 2 and become coated with condensate and leave the space 2 via the outlet 6, whereafter said elements are cooled to a desired temperature in a cooling bath 22 and forwarded to a screen or sieve 24 on a conveyor 23, where the condensate-covered elements 10 are sorted with respect to size and those elements 10 that are to be recycled in the condensing process by means of a conveyor/elevator 25 are transported back to the container 21 for renewed introduction into the space 2 through which the process gas flows, and so on. Cleansed process gas 101 leaves the arrangement 1 for further processing.
  • Figure 3 illustrates an embodiment of the invention where two inventive arrangements 1 and 1' are mutually connected in series, wherewith a first metal (e.g. zinc) can be extracted from the process gas 100 in the first arrangement 1 by means of first elements 10, as seen in the direction of gas flow, while a second metal that has a lower condensation temperature than said first metal can be extracted from the process gas 101 leaving the first arrangement 1 by virtue of its condensation on second elements 10' .
  • the process gas 102 cleansed in the second arrangement 1' leaves the second arrangement 1' through the outlet 4' for further processing as desired.
  • the temperature of the process gas 100-102 and the temperature of the elements 10 and 10' in question will be adapted to achieve desired extraction of selected metals by condensation.
  • more than two inventive arrangements 1 can be connected in series when the need arises.
  • inventive arrangements may be connected in parallel .
  • Figure 5 illustrates a further embodiment of the invention with respect to movement of the condenser elements 10 through the process-gas flow.
  • the condenser elements are moved through the flow of process gas in a pendulating fashion in two gas-permeable element packs 10a and 10b, wherein one pack of elements, 10a, is located within the space 2 and is through-passed by said gas whilst the other pack, 10b, is located outside said space 2, where the elements are cooled and the condensate 11 removed therefrom, and vice versa.
  • Figure 6 is a flowchart that exemplifies a steel manufacturing process in which an inventive method 50 is applied, wherewith zinc concentrate leaves the process for appropriate recovery or some other process.
  • peripheral equipment of the inventive arrangement can also be designed in many ways different to those exemplified above .
  • the elements 10 can be caused to pass through the gas flow solely once prior to leaving the inventive arrangement for further processing if so desired, even though recycling of said elements is normally to be preferred.
  • the elements 10 may also be comprised of a material different to that to be extracted from the process gas by means of the inventive condensation method.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de purifier des gaz contaminés, notamment des gaz de traitement à chaud (100), qui contiennent au moins un premier métal à l'état gazeux. Des éléments condenseurs ou des éléments (10) qui renferment un matériau favorisant la condensation sont introduits dans le flux de gaz de traitement dans une première étape de condensation, durant laquelle la température des éléments (10) est inférieure à la température de condensation dudit premier métal. Celui-ci se condense à la surface (11) des éléments condenseurs (10), qui se présentent sous forme granulaire. Les éléments (10) utilisés sont refroidis à l'extérieur du flux de gaz de traitement, puis renvoyés dans ledit flux. L'invention concerne également un dispositif permettant d'appliquer ledit procédé.
PCT/SE1998/001567 1997-09-06 1998-09-02 Procede et dispositif de traitement des gaz Ceased WO1999012622A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU90998/98A AU9099898A (en) 1997-09-06 1998-09-02 Method and arrangement for treatment of gases

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9703216A SE9703216L (sv) 1997-09-06 1997-09-06 Förfarande och anordning vid rening av gaser
SE9703216-3 1997-09-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999012622A1 true WO1999012622A1 (fr) 1999-03-18

Family

ID=20408161

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1998/001567 Ceased WO1999012622A1 (fr) 1997-09-06 1998-09-02 Procede et dispositif de traitement des gaz

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU9099898A (fr)
SE (1) SE9703216L (fr)
WO (1) WO1999012622A1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4718939A (en) * 1986-12-24 1988-01-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior Recycling superalloy scrap by vapor phase zinc embrittlement
EP0489591A1 (fr) * 1990-12-06 1992-06-10 Elkem Technology A/S Procédé de traitement des sous-produits et des déchets zincifères

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4718939A (en) * 1986-12-24 1988-01-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior Recycling superalloy scrap by vapor phase zinc embrittlement
EP0489591A1 (fr) * 1990-12-06 1992-06-10 Elkem Technology A/S Procédé de traitement des sous-produits et des déchets zincifères

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU9099898A (en) 1999-03-29
SE9703216D0 (sv) 1997-09-06
SE9703216L (sv) 1999-03-07

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