WO1999007321A1 - Support fixture for patients or the disabled - Google Patents

Abstract

In previously known lifting systems for patients and the disabled it is often tiresome, painful and time-consuming when patients are rotated from left to right to be suspended in harnesses or wrapped in sheets, as it is to transfer them or put them on stretchers or other support fixtures generally requiring such handling operations. The inventive patient support fixture (2/6) is arranged on a base device and requires the presence of one nurse only, providing a saving in time and effort as well as being kind to the spinal column and enabling optimum care to be dispensed to patients who benefit for instance from gradual physical adaptation and are lifted and lowered in a smooth manner. The support units (15) run in synchronization with the central unit (1) and are configured as a dual belt system operating symmetrically when open or closed. The supporting housing which is moveably arranged on the lifting arms (5) and the supporting arms (9 and 11) move symmetrically in pairs. The length of the head rests (14) is adjustable. The rotating device (4) can be adjusted on both sides to 180 DEG . The inventive support fixture allows even patients and disabled persons who are heavily overweight to be raised and lowered in a gentle manner, for example in an intensive care station or on an operating table.

Description

Description:

Patient admission for the sick and disabled.

The invention relates to a patient admission according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a patient admission is known from US 31 31 404.

Lifting, changing beds and weighing, as well as transporting lying people, some of them immobile patients in hospitals, old people's homes and the mentally handicapped, as well as various social stations, pose a physically difficult and often problematic task for the nursing staff, especially in the intensive care area For the nursing staff, lifting heavy, often weak to weak patients out of bed, as well as the generally required handling, is a task of great effort and special responsibility.

State of the art:

The US 31 31 404 (esp. Fig. 1, 5) shows a patient admission with a self-propelled lifting transporter 10-14 with two-part lifting arm construction 11, 12. At its front end below a releasable connection coupling 31-33 (Fig. 5) is one the vertical axis rotatable rotating device 38 - 44 arranged, which allows unlimited rotation.

The patient receptacle has carrying units 24 which are articulated on lifting arms 23 and which grip around the patient ready for forceps (Fig. 1.3).

DE 39 17 240 AL shows in FIG. 1 a comparable patient receptacle that can be rotated about the axis V (column 6, line 60 ff.).

US 30 42 936 shows a patient admission with support units 57-60, the support devices 61, 62, 67 of which are guided in rails 68 and are driven by spindle drives 63 (FIGS. 1, 6). The support units are pushed horizontally under the patient. To reduce the friction, the support units are wrapped in bands 88, which are wound up and down by rollers 196, 197 (FIGS. 7, 8, 17 column III, 35 - column 12, WO 91/05 531 AL (esp. Fig. 1) shows a patient admission with support units 13-17 arranged like forceps. Lifting arms 11 are arranged on a central unit 10, on which longitudinal supports 18, 19 are pivotably fastened via screw bolts 12. The bolts 12 also allow pivoting of the upper parts 18 against the lower parts 19, and thus the setting of a sitting and a lying position (p.7, lines 20-35).

The US 54 28 851 (FIG. 2) shows a patient admission, the support units of which consist of two superimposed parts 24, each part being wrapped in a receiving band 28. The belt thus has the same direction of movement on the top and bottom.

JP 08-322 888 A shows a similar prior art with endless belts.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of creating a patient admission for the sick and disabled, which can accommodate the patients very universally and gently by absolutely horizontally closing and opening the patient admission and transporting them while sitting or lying down.

This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

The most important features of the present invention are, on the one hand, the spinal column-friendly and time-saving effort of the nursing staff, with simultaneous optimal care of the patient by only one nursing staff.

Furthermore, according to an advantageous development, a counter-rotating double-band system can run under the patient simultaneously from both sides, as well as over a large area, without generating significant friction on the body and on the contact surface. The patient is also gently and painlessly picked up and lifted, as well as laid down and lying down, without significantly changing his body position or position.

Annoying, often painful and time-consuming turning left - right -, as well as hanging in belts or laying in cloths, as well as laying or laying on straps or other recordings or documents are omitted and thus remain both for the patient and the nursing staff saved. Pinching of body parts and slipping or warping of bed sheets or patient clothing are prevented by a safety pressure system and by the driven lifting straps, which horizontally pass under the patient on both sides.

The patient admission according to the invention brings application and relief to the following groups of people, among others.

Multimorbid patients:

It is the so-called care trap due to general weakness in the retirement or nursing home as well as at home.

Apatic patients:

They suffer from indifference or indifference to external impressions. Often with serious illnesses, weaknesses and mental illnesses.

Appaliker:

Sick with paralysis or lack of arms and legs.

Quadriplegic:

Patients with paralysis of both arms and legs, patients in the

Final stage of multiple sclerosis with a spastic appearance.

Polytraumatized:

People with the most serious injuries as a result of an accident.

Coma patients:

They are in a deep state that cannot be broken by external stimuli

Loss of consciousness.

The patient admission according to the invention is very versatile in the application possibilities and covers, among other things, the following work processes or measures:

Relocation of the operating table and bed after extensive thoracic or abdominal surgery. Repositioning patients (fresh bed), regardless of the patient's position or posture.

Transport to carry out diagnostic measures such as X-rays or computed tomography. To facilitate further rehabilitation measures, as part of physiotherapy exercises, including water aerobics.

Possibilities of full body washing.

Weighing the patient. It is possible with every lifting process. Weight can be called up at the push of a button and read on the LCD display.

In the present invention, the buttocks, back and leg supports provided with a mutually running double belt can be automatically adjusted to the body position or position on both sides by an electric motor or hydraulically. With little pressure on the lying surface, the patient's body is passed under almost smoothly from both sides and then raised. Now the patient can be rotated and transported on both sides by up to 180 degrees in any position by motorized adjustment of the buttocks, back and leg supports, or other desired actions can be carried out. If desired, the two body parts can be motorized, otherwise they can be manually adjusted to the body size.

The patient admission according to the invention is very universal and can be used extremely gently for the patient, only one person being required to operate it. After appropriate training, patients could also operate the device themselves, provided they were mentally and physically able to do so. Due to the hydraulic unit used in the base unit and the installation of an electrical or electronic control, powered by a battery or a rechargeable battery as the energy source, the necessary energy supply for the patient admission is available.

An electromotive rotating device attached below the coupling allows the patient support to be rotated on both sides by up to 180 degrees in its vertical axis and precisely positioned in any or required position so that the patient can be picked up and put down evenly and gently. An integrated pressure transducer can be provided through a double bottom of the rotating device, which, if necessary, enables the patient to be weighed after lifting by simply pressing a button.

The inventive simultaneous retraction and extension is possible because the cross member has a front and a rear guideway. Both guide carriages running in the guideways, which actuate the two lifting arms, each run via a threaded spindle, in the opposite direction of the other carriage. Since only one threaded spindle is driven by an electric motor and an intermediate, adjustable coupling and a gearwheel, but both threaded spindles are connected by a pair of gearwheels, the spindles turn to the left and thus a double stroke or double travel.

In a further development of the invention it can be provided that a carrier housing is arranged in the lower region of the symmetrically running lifting arms and is designed to be movable by an electric motor or hydraulically by a corresponding suspension with lateral guide plates, so that the horizontal base of the lying surface is inclined or adjusted on both sides can be. In order to be able to continuously adjust the upper body to the base or seat surface upwards and backwards, as well as to adjust the feet continuously downwards and backwards, it can be provided that two electric motors are located in each of the two carrier housings, which are connected via chain wheel sets between the inner and external walls are mounted, which make the lifting arms move. The same movements can of course also be achieved hydraulically, combined with an alternative toggle lever solution. A further embodiment of the patient admission can consist in the fact that at the bottom of the support housings for the buttocks and thighs, as well as at the bottom of the lifting arms for the upper body and foot area, support double-band systems projecting towards the center are attached, which the patient has in common on both sides before lifting drive under.

Each of the three left-hand and right-hand double-belt systems, which are provided in mirror image and thus represent an absolutely symmetrical design and functions, form an assembly for themselves. In further development of the invention, these assemblies can be manufactured in such a way that there are two support arms projecting towards the center of the fastening profile at the front and rear, the lower surfaces of which are designed horizontally. This U-shaped support unit forms the or an open frame for all the necessary components. The weight-absorbing lying or sitting surfaces each form two cones which are conical to the center of the patient receptacle and which are spaced one above the other in the supporting arms by means of horizontal ones T-slots and T-rails can be inserted or hung in by means of vertical T-slots on the carrier and support bolts on the wings and locked in place by moving them.

In order to avoid any friction when driving under the patient, both wings are equipped or covered with continuous endless belts. A mutual pressing of the two bands between the two wings cause the required left and right rotation, which produces the desired direction of rotation on the counter surfaces, that is to say on the outside of the bands above and below.

In order to achieve the lowest possible belt running resistance, rollers are installed on the inner circumferential radii of each wing, each of which is located on an axis with a spacer. The outer circumferential radii are designed with mounted drive shafts, the speed or outer belt circulation speed of which is matched to the opening and closing speed of the upper guide carriages. The drive shafts are manufactured on both sides in such a way that the two couplings installed in each of the support arms can engage centrally and centrally on the drive shafts.

An electric motor attached to the fastening profile transmits the torque to the front clutch located at the top by means of a chain and sprockets or toothed belts and toothed belt wheels.

Since the clutches are installed in pairs and both clutch axles are connected via a pair of gears, the necessary opposite direction of rotation of the two drive shafts is also achieved here.

Of course, other possibilities of torque transmission from the respective individual drive motor to the two drive shafts are also possible within the scope of the invention. A simple possibility of changing the band can consist in the fact that the band-wrapping wings are designed in two parts and in an articulated manner and can be tilted at an angle in the running direction via an axis. Since the circumference is reduced after the wings have been adjusted at an angle, the hinges can be easily changed and the entire unit can be cleaned or disinfected. After placing a fresh tape, the tape can be tensioned again by folding it back into the horizontal. After the simple and quick installation of the support unit, the two buttons must be arranged on the outside of the support arms Couplings on the drive shafts are engaged and disengaged before removal. The whole change takes just a few simple steps and requires little time.

An integrated disinfection system with storage containers and scrapers 5 over the entire range sterilizes automatically on request.

A patient admission trained in this way combines the greatest possible benefit with the utmost economy thanks to an optimal adaptation of requirements.

An exemplary embodiment of the invention is described in principle below with reference to the drawing.

It shows:

Fig. 1 is a schematic, perspective overall view of the patient admission according to the invention in the closed lying position.

Fig. 2 is a schematic, perspective overall view of the patient admission according to the invention in a closed, half-sitting position

Position.

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of the principle of admission in the open version, with patient on the couch or bed.

Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of the central unit, the drive and 20 of the double guide and the two slides, in an open view.

Fig. 5 carrier housing with built-in parts, such as motors and translations, shown schematically in an open view.

Fig. 6 four different Schmeatische side representations of the carrying unit in pairs and three times open version.

25 The patient admission for the sick and / or disabled, which includes all of the patient groups mentioned at the outset, has a central unit 1 which essentially contains two motorized, opposing slides which are covered by suitable covers 2, e.g. Wrinkle coverings are protected. A connector 3 is attached to the top of the central unit 1.

30 arranges, under which there is a rotating device 4, which moves about the vertical axis and is controlled by a motor or hydraulically, to which in turn the central unit 1 is fastened.

On the outer ends of the slides, in addition to the claddings 2, vertically downwardly extending lifting arms 5 are attached, the profile of which has high rigidity against torsional and bending forces. In the lower area of the two lifting arms 5, a horizontally positioned, motorized and adjustable via hinge 6 support housing 7 is arranged, which represents the basis of the horizontal basic setting. At the front swivel area of the two support housings 7 there is a further joint 8, via which the support arms 9 of the foot area are fastened on one side and can be swiveled upwards by a motor. The third joint 10, the carrier housing 7, is located on the rear swivel area, via which the support arms 11 of the back area are fixed on one side and can be swiveled upward by motor. In extension of the support arms 11, length-adjustable head wedge holders 12 are arranged, which can be pulled out or pushed in and locked, for example, by the clamping or grid systems 13 to the desired length. The padded head restraints 14, which have head support sides that run obliquely downwards or backwards towards the center, are located on the end region of the wedge holder 12, which is angled twice or bent parallel inwards.

Attached to the underside in each case are on the support housings 7, on the support arms 9 for the foot area, and on the support arms 11 for the back area, the support units 15 projecting to the center, formed in the support double-band system, which are shown here in FIGS 2 are shown in perspective as a block.

On the foot sides of the support units 15, which are fastened below the support arms 9 and 11, there are several through bores, which are closed and covered by the protective caps 16. If required or on request, security locks can be screwed through the holes to secure the seat belts in the required position. The safety locks and safety belts are not shown. The outer tube ends of the lifting arms 5, the support arms 9 and the head wedge holder 12 can be welded or fitted with appropriate protective elements.

In the embodiment shown schematically and in perspective in the lying position in FIG. 1, the bracketed arrow directions show a closing patient image (1-16). In Fig. 2, a half-sitting position is shown schematically and in perspective, where the bracketed arrow directions show an opening patient image (1-16). In the position of the patient receptacle shown schematically in FIG. 3, the slides of the central unit 1 are fully extended, protected or concealed by the covers 2. The support housings 7 connected via the lifting arms 5 and on which support booklets 15 fastened from below, designed in the support double-band system, but shown without support arms 54, are positioned on the patient couch or bed. The arrow directions of the two lifting arms 5 and of the four receiving straps 17 point to the starting position for driving under or picking up the patient. Conversely, a closed patient positioning would be shown. In the exemplary embodiment of the central unit 1 shown schematically in FIG. 4, the base element is a double flat guide, consisting of a double T support 18 and two laterally attached support sides 19. This guide, which is at the front and at the back, is located installed, the right carriage 20 and the left carriage 21, which run linearly side by side. The sliding elements between the guide parts 18/19 and the slide 20 and 21 are not shown. For the linear transmission of the feed forces, the threaded spindle 23 for the right slide 20 and the threaded spindle 24 for the left slide 21 are arranged above the double T support, which are each connected via the driver 22. This connection is designed so that there are slots in the support sides 19, at the middle height of the slide 20 and 21, as well as the threaded spindles 23 and 24, the lengths of which result from the slide path plus driver width. The drivers 22, which are designed as an unequal-leg U-shape in cross section, are each fastened with the short leg through the lower elongated holes to the end region of the two slides 20 and 21 lying in the middle. The upper, somewhat longer legs of the drivers 22 each protrude through the upper elongated holes, where they are connected to the receiving parts in which the built-in spindle nuts 25 are located. The threaded spindles 23 and 24 are installed via slide or roller bearings (not shown) in the bearing walls 26 and 27, the fixed bearings being in the left bearing wall 27 and the floating bearings in the right bearing wall 26. On the inside next to the fixed bearings, the two threaded spindles 23 and 24 are connected by two mounted gear wheels, the gear wheel pair 28, which in operation causes the two threaded spindles 23 and 24 to rotate in opposite directions. The drive is carried out by the electric motor 32, the torque of which is suitable for both rotating devices, and elastic and completely maintenance-free Coupling 31, is transmitted to the drive shaft 30 and from there to the mounted gear 29 which engages in a gear of the gear pair 28. The screwing surface for the electric motor 32, as well as for the central bearing wall 33 of the drive shaft 30, forms the cross member 34, which is fastened above the electric motor 32 between the two support sides 19. The second bearing of the drive shaft 30 is located behind the gear 29 in the left bearing wall 27. The bearings of the drive shaft 30 are not shown. The top plate 35 inserted at the top between the two carrying sides 19 likewise forms the base plate of the rotating device 4. In addition to a pleasing appearance, the protective cladding 36 also serves for safety, but also prevents the ingress of dust, dirt and disinfectants.

In the embodiment shown schematically in FIG. 5, the carrier housing 7 forms the basis of all attached or installed parts. The centerpiece of the carrier housing 7 is the support frame 37, which is designed according to all design requirements and is connected or suspended on the lifting arm 5 via the joint 6. The slide bearing plates 38 attached to the inside of the support frame 37 and on the outside of the lifting arm 5, which can be set in the support frame 37 without play, ensure high rigidity, as well as optimum power transmission and precise pivotability. The respective drive for pivoting or adjusting the support frame 37 is carried out by the electric motor 39, the torque of which is transmitted via the gear set 40 to the threaded spindle 41 mounted on both sides of the support frame. A driver 42 running on the threaded spindle 41, which is inserted in the form of a fork in the lifting arm 5, transmits the torque from the threaded spindle to the lifting arm and thus brings about the required pivotability of the carrier housing 7.

The electric motor 43 moves the chain 45 via the chain wheel 44, which in turn actuates the chain wheel 46, which is connected to the joint 10 to which the support arm 11 for the back area is attached.

The electric motor 47 moves the chain 49 via the chain wheel 48, which chain in turn actuates the chain wheel 50, which is connected to the joint 8 to which the support arm 9 for the foot region is fastened. The chain tensioners 51 and 52 enable a slip-free chain tension and thus a jerk-free and even raising and lowering of the leg and back area. The two-part cover 53 serves, in addition to the pleasing appearance, also to protect against the ingress of dust, dirt or disinfectants. Furthermore, the cover 53 can also be used as a side or armrest.

In the exemplary embodiments shown schematically in FIG. 6, the support units 15 are identified from A to D.

In example A, the front view of the support units 15, the two support arms 54 projecting towards the center, as well as the fastening profile 55, form a U-shape, which represents the actual support structure. Between the support arms 54, conical wings 56 and 57 are inserted or inserted towards the center. The buttons 58 are for coupling and uncoupling the drive shafts 59. In example B, without support arms 54, the drive motor 60 for the belt drive is attached to the fastening profile 55, the torque of which is built into the support arm 54 via the toothed belt or chain 61 on the upper of the two Couplings is transmitted. Since the driven clutch gear 62 engages in the idler clutch gear 63, counter-rotation of the drive shafts 59 is achieved by the idler clutch axles 64 engaging in the clutch shafts 65 of the drive shafts 59 in the example C. The counter-rotating tapes 17 are guided on the small radius over the rollers 66 and can be changed effortlessly by angling the wings over the articulated connections 67. In example D, the storage container 68 for liquid disinfectant is shown, which is applied evenly and finely metered to the receiving tapes via the scraper 69.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Patient admission for the sick and disabled, which is attached via a coupling (3) to a lifting transporter, rotatable about a vertical axis, with support units (15) which reach under the patient like forceps from both sides, characterized by: a) one on the Coupling (3) fastened central unit (1) with two linearly opposing slides (20) and (21), b) two, vertically downward lifting arms (5), on the outer end faces of the slides (20) and (21) whose lower ends of the support housing (7) are pivotally attached, c) support arms (9) and (11) for the back area (11) and the leg area (9) which are arranged pivotably on the support housing (7), d) support elements, which are arranged on the support housings (7) and the support arms (9) and (11), each in a mirror-image design and each projecting horizontally to the center, and e) receiving tapes (17) which run around the support elements (15). 2. patient recording according to claim 1, characterized in that two opposing slides (20) and (21) of the central unit in a double T-carrier (18) and between the two support sides (19) in a horizontal position, and by attached Carrier (22) and their built-in spindle nuts (25), via threaded spindles (23) and (24) arranged parallel to the slides (20) and (21), are moved in the closing or opening direction, which in turn has their counter-rotating torque due to the mounted and intermeshing gear pair (28) obtained, which is driven by a gear transmission and a clutch (31) by a first electric motor (32). 3. Patient admission according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the carrier housing (7) has a support frame (37) on which a second electric adjusting motor (39), in addition to the lifting arm (5) projecting via its hinge axis (6). is attached and its torque via a gear set (40) to a threaded spindle (41) arranged below and from there via a driver (42). is transferred to the fork-shaped lower end region of the lifting arm (5) and thus the angular adjustability of the lifting arm (5) to the supporting frame (37) is given. 4. Patient recording according to claim 3, characterized in that in the installation area of the lifting arm (5) two external slide bearing plates (38) on the lifting arm (5), and in the range of movement of the support frame 37 two internal adjustable slide bearing plates (38) are arranged. 5. patient admission according to claim 4, characterized in that a third electric adjusting motor (43) is arranged on the support frame (37), its torque via a gear ratio (44), which is also mounted in the support frame (37), to one by one Chain tensioner (51) adjusts the chain (45) and from there transfers it to a chain wheel (46), where it is transferred with a joint (10) to the support arm (11) for the back area. 6. Patient imate according to claim 5, characterized in that in the support frame (37) a fourth electric adjusting motor (47) is arranged, the torque via a transmission wheel (48), which is also mounted in the support frame (37), through a chain tensioner (52) adjustable chain (49) and from there to a chain wheel (50), where it is transferred with a joint (8) to the support arm (9) for the leg area. 7. Patient admission according to claim 6, characterized in that two-part covers (53) of the carrier housing (7), each with a clearance for the support arms (9) and (11) and their work paths, as well as a corresponding clearance for the lifting arms ( 5), as well as on the inside for the support units (15), protective covers (70) being attached to the required air gaps for the lifting arms (5). 8. patient admission according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that in the outer pivoting range of the support arms (11), each double-angled head wedge holder (12) are arranged, which extendable or adjustable in length in the support arms (11), and via a Grid system (13) can be positioned and clamped, with attached and padded headrests (14) at the outer end, at the head wedge holders (12), which have an inclined downward or rearward headrest side towards the center. 9. patient recording according to claim 8, characterized in that each attached from below to the two support arms (11), the two support frames (37) of the carrier housing (7), and on the two support arms (9) a total of six support units (15) are located, each in pairs and in a mirror-image version, as well as on the base horizontally to the center. 10. Patient recording according to claim 9, characterized in that the support units (15), on the support frame (37), are attached in the same manner and at the same height from below, as in the support arms (9) and (11), the screwing surfaces the support arms (9) are aligned with the centers of the joints of the joints (8) and the screw-on surfaces of the support arms (11) are aligned with the centers of the joints of the joints (10). 11. Patient recording according to claim 10, characterized in that the support units (15) on fastening profiles (55) each have arms (54) projecting to the center on both sides, which are attached, which act as support elements for the intermediate, light and fast exchangeable wings (56) and (57) are formed. 12. Patient recording according to claim 1 1, characterized in that the lower wings (56) as well as the upper wings (57) are conical to the center, the smaller radii to the center by the idler rollers (66) and the outer ones Larger radii are configured by the drive shafts (59), over which take-up belts (17) run. 13. Patient recording according to one of claims 1 1 and 12, characterized in that the lower wings (56) and the upper wings (57) each consist of a center, and an outer support member, which has toothed tabs and an axis ( 67) are articulated or pivotally connected. 14. Patient recording according to claim 13, characterized in that the lower wings (56) and the upper wings (57), and the respective built-in drive shafts (59), as well as the rollers (66), with easy-to-clean, sterilizable, un - Permeable and resistant to body fluids, and on the surfaces particularly soft and skin-friendly tapes (17) are equipped and stretched. 15. Patient recording according to claim 14, characterized in that each of the six support units (15) has its own drive of the two recording tapes (17), the torque of which is given by the electric motor (60) attached to the fastening profile (55) and via a toothed belt or Chain (61) is transmitted to the clutch gears (62) and (63) and from there engages on one side via clutch axles (64) in drive shafts (59), the clutch axles on both sides being actuated via buttons (58) for engaging or disengaging. 16. Patient recording according to claim 15, characterized in that there is a storage container (68) for liquid disinfectant on the fastening profile (55), in addition to the electric motor (60), a scraper (69) of the disinfectant being designed such that it is arranged next to the drive shafts (59), the surface of the receiving tapes (17) sterilizes over the entire bandwidth.