WO1999006766A1 - Afterburner for a heating apparatus - Google Patents
Afterburner for a heating apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- WO1999006766A1 WO1999006766A1 PCT/DE1998/002002 DE9802002W WO9906766A1 WO 1999006766 A1 WO1999006766 A1 WO 1999006766A1 DE 9802002 W DE9802002 W DE 9802002W WO 9906766 A1 WO9906766 A1 WO 9906766A1
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- Prior art keywords
- afterburner
- burner
- openings
- hollow cylinder
- silicon carbide
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M9/00—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields
- F23M9/06—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields in fire-boxes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
- F23C9/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber the recirculation taking place in the combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
- F23C9/06—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for completing combustion
Definitions
- the invention relates to an afterburner for a
- Heating device with burner chamber and burner arranged therein the afterburner being essentially a hollow cylinder which extends over the entire flow cross-section of the burner, has circular openings with fins arranged in between on the inside of the hollow cylinder, forms a cross-sectional constriction within the burner chamber and in the area of the burner tube outlet at a distance from it.
- Such an afterburner (EP 0 266 377 B 2), which goes back to the same applicant, is used in boiler systems which are equipped with an oil or gas-operated fan or atomizing burner and are used, for example, for space heating or for hot water production.
- the afterburner is arranged in the burner chamber in one axis with the burner tube and at a distance from its mouth. Due to the fact that the cross section of the afterburner extends over the entire flow cross section of the burner, the escaping flames and exhaust gases must completely enter the afterburner and pass through it.
- the afterburner Since they have a higher flow velocity than the gases in the surrounding combustion chamber, the afterburner has a lower static pressure due to the warm gas is sucked out of the combustion chamber through the openings into the afterburner, where it mixes turbulently with the exhaust gases, a process which is further supported by the fins located between the openings.
- the afterburner therefore brings about a much better and more complete combustion of the fuel used and thus a lower fuel requirement, as well as a lower-pollutant composition of the exhaust gases with largely no soot and a self-cleaning of the burner chamber.
- a largely loss-free transmission of the thermal energy released during combustion to the heat exchanger plates and thus to the heated medium is essential for an economically operating boiler system.
- This heat transport takes place mainly by convection, the efficiency of which can be increased by suitable flows and swirling of the combustion gases.
- the energy transport by electromagnetic radiation from the afterburner to the heat exchanger also plays a role.
- the present invention has set itself the task of further developing such afterburner with a view to improving the gas circulation and the heat radiation, to further improve the profitability and environmental compatibility of boiler systems.
- the afterburner has axially extending and outwardly pointing ribs on the circumference, has a circumferential annular bead at its end and consists of a ceramic material.
- the circumferential annular bead on the exhaust gas outlet side of the afterburner serves as a guide surface for guiding the gas flow. It promotes large-scale exhaust gas deflection, which on the one hand improves gas recirculation to the afterburner through the openings provided for it, but above all extends the length of time that the exhaust gas masses stay in the burner chamber, which results in better heat emission from the hot combustion gases to the heat exchanger surface.
- the ring bulge forms a kind of supporting structure that gives the body of the heat exchanger a high degree of stability, which makes it possible to make the walls of the heat exchanger very thin, which ensures good heat transfer from the inside of the Heat exchanger is guaranteed on its outside.
- annular bulge and ribs also stabilize the afterburner's body against radial vibrations which are excited by pulsations of the burner flame, thus reducing undesirable noise emissions when the afterburner is in operation and at the same time increasing its service life.
- An additional advantage of the ribs is that they considerably increase the size of the burner and thus promote the transport of energy to the heat exchanger surfaces by electromagnetic radiation.
- the use of a ceramic material for the afterburner gives it excellent temperature resistance and resistance to aggressive chemical substances in the exhaust gas, such as, in particular, sulfur-containing compounds, for example sulfur dioxide or sulfurous acid, which arise when using fuels containing sulfur. These properties are a necessary prerequisite for a long service life of the afterburner.
- the outside of the afterburner can be provided with a preferably axially extending corrugation.
- the surface of the afterburner is further enlarged, thereby promoting its radiation and the heat transfer to the surrounding cooler gas.
- mullite-bonded silicon carbide is proposed as the ceramic material for manufacturing the afterburner.
- Mullite is an aluminum silicate that is characterized by high fire resistance, good resistance to temperature changes and low thermal expansion.
- the main purpose here is to reliably bind the silicon carbide, which is the main component of the ceramic.
- silicon carbide as a material for the afterburner is advantageous for several reasons. First of all, silicon carbide temperature resistant up to 2300 ° C and resistant to chlorine, oxygen, sulfur and strong acids.
- thermal radiation can be expected mainly in the near infrared spectral range, where silicon carbide has a very high spectral emission coefficient, which is between 0.9 and 0.95, while a value of 0.3 is typical for metals. This favors a very efficient radiation of the thermal energy from the afterburner to the heat exchanger surfaces.
- silicon carbide also promotes the combustion of fuel residues and soot through a catalytic effect on its surface. This is due to the fact that the silicon carbide powder used to produce the afterburner has paramagnetic properties. Magnetic microfeiders therefore occur on the surfaces, which are greatly enlarged due to the porosity of the material, and align the attached fuel molecules, which promotes the breaking of their bonds and their reaction with oxygen.
- mullite-bonded silicon carbide For the production of the mullite-bonded silicon carbide, a preferred mixture is proposed which consists of 90% silicon carbide powder and in which the remaining 10% is composed of a mixture of clay and alumina.
- the exhaust gas throughput and thus the flow rate through the afterburner also increase. Therefore, if the exhaust gas throughputs are too high, that the fuel residues contained in the exhaust gas stream in the afterburner are no longer completely supplied to the combustion.
- the afterburner When the afterburner is operated with an increased exhaust gas throughput, in addition to an extension of the afterburner, an increase in the exhaust gas recirculation from the combustion chamber into the afterburner can also be worthwhile.
- the gas supply from the burner chamber to the afterburner can also be improved through openings which are arranged on the circumference of individual extension pieces.
- the afterburner reaches very high temperatures during operation and therefore requires a correspondingly heat-resistant holder.
- ceramic bearings which carry the afterburner and which in turn can be mounted on a fireproof refractory base, for example.
- the afterburner is usually used in boiler systems in which the combustion heat generated is conducted by means of convection and radiation to heat exchangers, which in turn heat a heating medium.
- heat exchangers which in turn heat a heating medium.
- This technique can also be used to separate liquids from low volatility contaminants that remain on the surface of the afterburner during the evaporation process.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of the afterburner in cal atic representation.
- FIG. 2 is a front view of the exhaust gas inlet side of the afterburner.
- the inlet opening (1) is shown on the left. through which the combustion gases enter the afterburner.
- the openings (2) with the lamellas in between are arranged, through which gas is sucked in from the combustion chamber into the afterburner, where it mixes turbulently with the combustion gases.
- the ribs (3) of the afterburner which run axially on the circumference and point outwards, serve, like the ring bead (4) running around its outlet opening, to stabilize the body, the ribs additionally increasing the radiation area of the afterburner, while the ring bead serves to deflect the flow serves.
- Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the front view of the afterburner with the inlet opening for the combustion gases (1), the openings (2) for the gas supply from the combustion chamber. As well as the longitudinal ribs (3) running axially on the circumference. In addition, you can still see the ceramic bearings (5) on which the afterburner rests.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Nachbrenner für ein Heizungsgerät Afterburner for a heater
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Nachbrenner für einThe invention relates to an afterburner for a
Heizungsgerät mit Brennerraum und darin angeordnetem Brenner, wobei der Nachbrenner im wesentlichen ein Hohlzylinder ist, der sich über den gesamten Strömungsquerschnitt des Brenners erstreckt, auf einem Kreis liegende Öffnungen mit dazwischen auf der Innenseite des Hohlzylinders angeordneten Lamellen aufweist, eine Querschnittsverengung innerhalb des Brennerraumes bildet und im Bereich des Auslasses des Brennerrohres im Abstand hierzu ange- bracht ist.Heating device with burner chamber and burner arranged therein, the afterburner being essentially a hollow cylinder which extends over the entire flow cross-section of the burner, has circular openings with fins arranged in between on the inside of the hollow cylinder, forms a cross-sectional constriction within the burner chamber and in the area of the burner tube outlet at a distance from it.
Ein derartiger auf denselben Anmelder zurückgehender Nachbrenner (EP 0 266 377 B 2) wird in Heizkesselanlagen verwendet, die mit einem öl- oder gasbe- triebenen Gebläse- oder Zerstäubungsbrenner ausgestattet sind und beispielsweise zur Raumheizung oder zur Warmwasserproduktion eingesetzt werden. Dabei ist der Nachbrenner im Brennerraum in einer Achse mit dem Brennerrohr und im Abstand zu dessen Mündung angeordnet. Aufgrund der Tatsache, daß sich der Querschnitt des Nachbrenners über den gesamten Strömungsquerschnitt des Brenners erstreckt, müssen die austretenden Flammen und Abgase vollständig in den Nachbrenner eintreten und diesen passieren. Da sie dort eine höhere Strömungsgeschwindigkeit aufweisen als sie die Gase in der umliegenden Brennkammer besitzen, ergibt sich im Nachbrenner ein niedrigerer statischer Druck, durch den warmes Gas aus der Brennkammer durch die Öffnungen in den Nachbrenner eingesaugt wird, wo es sich mit den Abgasen turbulent vermischt, ein Prozeß, der durch die zwischen den Öffnungen befindlichen Lamellen noch zusätzlich unterstützt wird. Diese Durchmischung des Abgas-Luft-Gemisches führt in Verbindung mit den durch das heiße Abgas bis zum Glühen aufgeheizten Wandungen des Nachbrenners zu einer Verbrennung von bisher unverbrannten Bestandteilen des Brennstoffes. Insgesamt bewirkt der Nachbrenner also eine wesentlich bessere und vollständigere Verbrennung des eingesetzten Brennstoffes und damit einen geringeren Brennstoffbedarf sowie eine schadstoffärmere Zusammensetzung der Abgase bei weitgehender Rußfreiheit und eine Selbstreinigung des Brennerraumes.Such an afterburner (EP 0 266 377 B 2), which goes back to the same applicant, is used in boiler systems which are equipped with an oil or gas-operated fan or atomizing burner and are used, for example, for space heating or for hot water production. The afterburner is arranged in the burner chamber in one axis with the burner tube and at a distance from its mouth. Due to the fact that the cross section of the afterburner extends over the entire flow cross section of the burner, the escaping flames and exhaust gases must completely enter the afterburner and pass through it. Since they have a higher flow velocity than the gases in the surrounding combustion chamber, the afterburner has a lower static pressure due to the warm gas is sucked out of the combustion chamber through the openings into the afterburner, where it mixes turbulently with the exhaust gases, a process which is further supported by the fins located between the openings. This mixing of the exhaust gas-air mixture, in conjunction with the walls of the afterburner, which are heated up to a glow by the hot exhaust gas, leads to combustion of previously unburned components of the fuel. Overall, the afterburner therefore brings about a much better and more complete combustion of the fuel used and thus a lower fuel requirement, as well as a lower-pollutant composition of the exhaust gases with largely no soot and a self-cleaning of the burner chamber.
Für eine wirtschaftlich arbeitende Heizkesselanlage ist eine weitgehend verlustfreie Weiterleitung der bei der Verbrennung freigesetzten thermischen Energie an die Wärmetauscherplatten und damit an das beheizte Medium wesentlich. Dieser Wärmetransport erfolgt hauptsächlich durch Konvektion, deren Effizienz sich durch geeignete Strömungen und Verwirbe- lungen der Verbrennungsgase steigern läßt. Darüber- hinaus spielt auch der Energietransport durch elektromagnetische Strahlung vom Nachbrenner zum Wärmetauscher noch eine Rolle.A largely loss-free transmission of the thermal energy released during combustion to the heat exchanger plates and thus to the heated medium is essential for an economically operating boiler system. This heat transport takes place mainly by convection, the efficiency of which can be increased by suitable flows and swirling of the combustion gases. In addition, the energy transport by electromagnetic radiation from the afterburner to the heat exchanger also plays a role.
Vor diesem Hintergrund hat es sich die vorliegende Erfindung zur Aufgabe gesetzt, derartige Nachbrenner im Hinblick auf eine Verbesserung der Gasumwälzung und der Wärmeabstrahlung weiter zu entwickeln, um die Wirtschaftlichkeit und Umweltverträglichkeit von Heizkesselanlagen weiter zu verbessern.Against this background, the present invention has set itself the task of further developing such afterburner with a view to improving the gas circulation and the heat radiation, to further improve the profitability and environmental compatibility of boiler systems.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der Nachbrenner auf dem Umfang axial verlaufende und nach außen weisende Rippen besitzt, an seinem Ende einen umlaufenden Ringwulst aufweist und aus einem keramischen Werkstoff besteht.This object is achieved in that the afterburner has axially extending and outwardly pointing ribs on the circumference, has a circumferential annular bead at its end and consists of a ceramic material.
Der umlaufende Ringwulst an der Abgasaustrittsseite des Nachbrenners dient als Leitfläche zur Führung der Gasströmung. Er fördert eine großräumige Ab- gasumlenkung, die einerseits die Gasrückführung in den Nachbrenner durch die dafür vorgesehenen Öff- nungen verbessert, vor allem aber die Verweildauer der Abgasmassen im Brennerraum verlängert, wodurch sich eine bessere Wärmeabgabe der heißen Verbrennungsgase an die Wärmetauscherfläche ergibt. In Verbindung mit den axial verlaufenden und in ihn mündenden Rippen bildet der Ringwulst eine Art tragendes Gerüst, das dem Körper des Wärmetauschers eine hohe Stabilität verleiht, die es ermöglicht, die Wandungen des Wärmetauschers sehr dünn zu gestalten, wodurch ein guter Wärmeübergang aus dem Inneren des Wärmetauschers an seiner Außenseite gewährleistet ist. Darüberhinaus stabilisieren Ringwulst und Rippen den Körper des Nachbrenners auch gegen radiale Schwingungen, die durch Pulsationen der Brennerflamme angeregt werden, und vermindern somit unerwünschte Geräuschemissionen bei Betrieb des Nachbrenners und erhöhen gleichzeitig seine Lebensdauer. Ein zusätzlicher Vorteil der Rippen besteht darin, daß sie die Abstrahlfläche des Nach- brenners beträchtlich vergrößern und damit den Energietransport zu den Wärmetauscherflächen durch elektromagnetische Strahlung begünstigen. Die Verwendung eines keramischen Werkstoffs für den Nach- brenner verleiht diesem eine hervorragende Temperaturbeständigkeit und Resistenz gegen aggressive chemische Substanzen im Abgas, wie insbesondere schwefelhaltige Verbindungen, beispielsweise Schwefeldioxid oder schweflige Säure, die bei Verwendung schwefelhaltiger Brennstoffe entstehen. Diese Eigenschaften stellen eine notwendige Vorraussetzung für eine hohe Lebensdauer des Nachbrenners dar.The circumferential annular bead on the exhaust gas outlet side of the afterburner serves as a guide surface for guiding the gas flow. It promotes large-scale exhaust gas deflection, which on the one hand improves gas recirculation to the afterburner through the openings provided for it, but above all extends the length of time that the exhaust gas masses stay in the burner chamber, which results in better heat emission from the hot combustion gases to the heat exchanger surface. In conjunction with the axially extending and opening ribs, the ring bulge forms a kind of supporting structure that gives the body of the heat exchanger a high degree of stability, which makes it possible to make the walls of the heat exchanger very thin, which ensures good heat transfer from the inside of the Heat exchanger is guaranteed on its outside. In addition, the annular bulge and ribs also stabilize the afterburner's body against radial vibrations which are excited by pulsations of the burner flame, thus reducing undesirable noise emissions when the afterburner is in operation and at the same time increasing its service life. An additional advantage of the ribs is that they considerably increase the size of the burner and thus promote the transport of energy to the heat exchanger surfaces by electromagnetic radiation. The use of a ceramic material for the afterburner gives it excellent temperature resistance and resistance to aggressive chemical substances in the exhaust gas, such as, in particular, sulfur-containing compounds, for example sulfur dioxide or sulfurous acid, which arise when using fuels containing sulfur. These properties are a necessary prerequisite for a long service life of the afterburner.
In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann die Außenseite des Nachbrenners mit einer vorzugsweise axial verlaufenden Riffelung versehen werden. Auf diese Weise wird die Oberfläche des Nachbrenners weiter vergrößert und dadurch ihre Abstrah- lung, sowie der Wärmeübergang auf umgebendes küh- leres Gas gefördert.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the outside of the afterburner can be provided with a preferably axially extending corrugation. In this way, the surface of the afterburner is further enlarged, thereby promoting its radiation and the heat transfer to the surrounding cooler gas.
Als keramischer Werkstoff zur Fertigung des Nachbrenners wird in der bevorzugten Ausbildung der Erfindung Mullit-gebundenes Siliciumcarbid vorge- schlagen. Bei Mullit handelt es sich um ein Aluminiumsilikat, das sich durch eine hohe Feuerfestigkeit, eine gute Temperaturwechselbeständigkeit sowie eine niedrige thermische Ausdehnung auszeichnet. Hier dient es vor allem dazu, das den Hauptbe- standteil der Keramik bildende Silciumcarbid zuverlässig zu binden. Die Verwendung von Siliciumcarbid als Werkstoff für den Nachbrenner ist aus mehreren Gründen vorteilhaft. Zunächst einmal ist Silicum- carbid temperaturbeständig bis zu 2300°C und dabei resistent gegen Chlor, Sauerstoff, Schwefel und starke Säuren. Weiterhin ist bei der Arbeitstemperatur des Nachbrenners eine thermische Abstrahlung hauptsächlich im nahinfraroten Spektralbereich zu erwarten, wo Siliciumcarbid einen sehr hohen spektralen Emissionskoeffizienten besitzt, der zwischen 0,9 und 0,95 liegt, während bei Metallen ein Wert von 0,3 typisch ist. Dies begünstigt eine sehr ef- fiziente Abstrahlung der Wärmeenergie vom Nachbrenner zu den Wärmetauscherflächen. Schließlich fördert Siliciumcarbid auch die Verbrennung von Brennstoffresten und Ruß durch einen katalytischen Effekt in seiner Oberfläche. Dieser ist dadurch be- dingt, daß das zur Herstellung des Nachbrenners verwendete Siliciuracarbidpulver paramagnetische Eigenschaften aufweist. Daher treten an den durch die Porosität des Materials stark vergrößerten Oberflächen magnetische Mikrofeider auf, die angelagerte Brennstoff oleküle ausrichten, wodurch ein Aufbrechen ihrer Bindungen und ihre Reaktion mit Sauerstoff begünstigt wird.In the preferred embodiment of the invention, mullite-bonded silicon carbide is proposed as the ceramic material for manufacturing the afterburner. Mullite is an aluminum silicate that is characterized by high fire resistance, good resistance to temperature changes and low thermal expansion. The main purpose here is to reliably bind the silicon carbide, which is the main component of the ceramic. The use of silicon carbide as a material for the afterburner is advantageous for several reasons. First of all, silicon carbide temperature resistant up to 2300 ° C and resistant to chlorine, oxygen, sulfur and strong acids. Furthermore, at the working temperature of the afterburner, thermal radiation can be expected mainly in the near infrared spectral range, where silicon carbide has a very high spectral emission coefficient, which is between 0.9 and 0.95, while a value of 0.3 is typical for metals. This favors a very efficient radiation of the thermal energy from the afterburner to the heat exchanger surfaces. Finally, silicon carbide also promotes the combustion of fuel residues and soot through a catalytic effect on its surface. This is due to the fact that the silicon carbide powder used to produce the afterburner has paramagnetic properties. Magnetic microfeiders therefore occur on the surfaces, which are greatly enlarged due to the porosity of the material, and align the attached fuel molecules, which promotes the breaking of their bonds and their reaction with oxygen.
Für die Herstellung des Mullit-gebundenen Silicium- carbid wird eine bevorzugte Mischung vorgeschlagen, die zu 90% aus Silicumcarbidpulver besteht und bei der sich die übrigen 10% aus einem Gemisch aus Ton und Tonerde zusammensetzen.For the production of the mullite-bonded silicon carbide, a preferred mixture is proposed which consists of 90% silicon carbide powder and in which the remaining 10% is composed of a mixture of clay and alumina.
Bei Verwendung größerer Brennstoffmengen erhöht sich auch der Abgasdurchsatz und damit die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit durch den Nachbrenner. Daher kann es bei zu hohen Abgasdurchsätzen vorkommen, daß die im Abgasstrom enthaltenen Brennstoffreste im Nachbrenner nicht mehr vollständig der Verbrennung zugeführt. Um auch unter diesen Bedingungen einen vorteilhaften und wirkungsvollen Einsatz des Nachbrenners zu ermöglichen, wird in einer Fortbildung der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, den Nachbrenner mit zylindrischen Verlängerungsstücken auszustatten, die auf den Nachbrenner aufgesteckt werden, um sein Volumen an erhöhte Gasdurchsätze anzupassen.If larger amounts of fuel are used, the exhaust gas throughput and thus the flow rate through the afterburner also increase. Therefore, if the exhaust gas throughputs are too high, that the fuel residues contained in the exhaust gas stream in the afterburner are no longer completely supplied to the combustion. In order to enable an advantageous and effective use of the afterburner even under these conditions, it is proposed in a further development of the invention to equip the afterburner with cylindrical extension pieces which are plugged onto the afterburner in order to adapt its volume to increased gas throughputs.
Bei Betrieb des Nachbrenners mit erhöhtem Abgas- durchsatz kann zusätzlich zu einer Verlängerung des Nachbrenners auch eine Vergrößerung der Abgasrückführung aus der Brennkammer in den Nachbrenner wün- sehenswert sein. Hierfür wird vorgeschlagen, die Zwischenstücke so zu gestalten, daß zwischen den einzelnen Verlängerungsstücken oder auch zwischen Nachbrenner und erstem Verlängerungsstück Öffnungen, wie beispielsweise Zwischenschlitze entstehen, durch die zusätzliches Gas in den Nachbrenner eintreten kann.When the afterburner is operated with an increased exhaust gas throughput, in addition to an extension of the afterburner, an increase in the exhaust gas recirculation from the combustion chamber into the afterburner can also be worthwhile. For this purpose, it is proposed to design the intermediate pieces such that openings, such as intermediate slots, are created between the individual extension pieces or between the afterburner and the first extension piece, through which additional gas can enter the afterburner.
Zusätzlich oder auch alternativ dazu kann die Gaszufuhr aus dem Brennerraum zum Nachbrenner auch durch Öffnungen, die auf dem Umfang einzelner Verlängerungsstücke angeordnet sind, verbessert werden.Additionally or alternatively, the gas supply from the burner chamber to the afterburner can also be improved through openings which are arranged on the circumference of individual extension pieces.
Der Nachbrenner erreicht bei Betrieb sehr hohe Tem- peraturen und bedarf daher einer entsprechend hitzebeständigen Halterung. Hierfür werden keramische Lager vorgeschlagen, die den Nachbrenner tragen und die ihrerseits beispielsweise auf einem feuerfesten Schamottunterbau montiert sein können.The afterburner reaches very high temperatures during operation and therefore requires a correspondingly heat-resistant holder. For this ceramic bearings are proposed, which carry the afterburner and which in turn can be mounted on a fireproof refractory base, for example.
Üblicherweise wird der Nachbrenner in Heizkesselan- lagen eingesetzt, in denen die erzeugte Verbrennungswärme vermittels Konvektion und Strahlung zu Wärmetauschern geleitet wird, die damit ihrerseits ein Heizmedium erhitzen. Als Alternative hierzu wird in einer Weiterbildung vorgeschlagen, die im Betriebszustand sich entwickelnde hohe Oberflächentemperatur des Nachbrenners direkt zur Dampferzeugung auszunutzen, indem die zu verdampfende Flüssigkeit, beispielsweise Wasser, auf seine Oberfläche gesprüht wird. Diese Technik kann auch dazu eingesetzt werden, Flüssigkeiten von schwerflüchtigen Verunreinigungen zu trennen, die beim Verdampfungsprozeß auf der Oberfläche des Nachbrenners zurückbleiben.The afterburner is usually used in boiler systems in which the combustion heat generated is conducted by means of convection and radiation to heat exchangers, which in turn heat a heating medium. As an alternative to this, it is proposed in a further development to utilize the high surface temperature of the afterburner, which develops in the operating state, directly for generating steam by spraying the liquid to be evaporated, for example water, onto its surface. This technique can also be used to separate liquids from low volatility contaminants that remain on the surface of the afterburner during the evaporation process.
Weitere Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung lassen sich dem nachfolgenden Beschreibungsteil entnehmen, in dem anhand von Zeichnungen ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher erläu- tert ist. Es zeigenFurther details, features and advantages of the invention can be found in the following description, in which an embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to drawings. Show it
- Figur 1 eine Seitenansicht des Nachbrenners in sche atischer Darstellung.- Figure 1 is a side view of the afterburner in cal atic representation.
- Figur 2 eine Frontansicht der Abgaseintrittseite des Nachbrenners.- Figure 2 is a front view of the exhaust gas inlet side of the afterburner.
In der schematischen Seitenansicht des Nachbrenners in Figur 1 ist links die Eintrittsöffnung (1) dar- gestellt, durch die die Verbrennungsgase in den Nachbrenner eintreten. In der sich anschließenden konusformigen Erweiterung des Nachbrenners sind die Öffnungen (2) mit den dazwischen liegenden Lamellen angeordnet, durch die Gas aus dem Verbrennungsraum in den Nachbrenner eingesaugt wird, wo es sich mit den Verbrennungsgasen turbulent vermischt. Die auf dem Umfang axial verlaufenden und nach außen weisenden Rippen (3) des Nachbrenners dienen ebenso wie der an seiner Austrittsöffnung umlaufende Ringwulst (4) zur Stabilisierung des Körpers, wobei die Rippen zusätzlich die Abstrahlfläche des Nachbrenners vergrößern, während der Ringwulst zur Strö- mungsumlenkung dient.In the schematic side view of the afterburner in FIG. 1, the inlet opening (1) is shown on the left. through which the combustion gases enter the afterburner. In the subsequent conical extension of the afterburner, the openings (2) with the lamellas in between are arranged, through which gas is sucked in from the combustion chamber into the afterburner, where it mixes turbulently with the combustion gases. The ribs (3) of the afterburner, which run axially on the circumference and point outwards, serve, like the ring bead (4) running around its outlet opening, to stabilize the body, the ribs additionally increasing the radiation area of the afterburner, while the ring bead serves to deflect the flow serves.
In Figur 2 ist eine schematische Darstellung der Frontansicht des Nachbrenners mit der Eintrittsöffnung für die Verbrennungsgase (1) , den Öffnungen (2) für die Gaszufuhr aus dem Verbrennungsraum. So- wie den auf dem Umfang axial verlaufenden Längsrippen (3) zu sehen. Zusätzlich erkennt man noch die keramischen Lager (5) , auf denen der Nachbrenner ruht.In Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the front view of the afterburner with the inlet opening for the combustion gases (1), the openings (2) for the gas supply from the combustion chamber. As well as the longitudinal ribs (3) running axially on the circumference. In addition, you can still see the ceramic bearings (5) on which the afterburner rests.
Insgesamt erhält man einen Nachbrenner, der durch seine abstrahlungs- und strömungstechnischen Eigenschaften in Heizkesselanlagen unter Beibehaltung der hervorragenden Abgaswerte bisheriger Systeme eine beträchtliche Brennstoffersparnis (20-30% wur- den erreicht) bewirkt und damit einen besonders wirtschaftlichen und umweltfreundlichen Betrieb erlaubt. Overall, an afterburner is obtained which, thanks to its radiation and flow properties in boiler systems while maintaining the excellent exhaust gas values of previous systems, results in considerable fuel savings (20-30% have been achieved) and thus enables particularly economical and environmentally friendly operation.
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98945004A EP1032788A1 (en) | 1997-07-29 | 1998-07-17 | Afterburner for a heating apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1997132607 DE19732607A1 (en) | 1997-07-29 | 1997-07-29 | Afterburner for a heater |
| DE19732607.2 | 1997-07-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1999006766A1 true WO1999006766A1 (en) | 1999-02-11 |
Family
ID=7837237
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE1998/002002 Ceased WO1999006766A1 (en) | 1997-07-29 | 1998-07-17 | Afterburner for a heating apparatus |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1032788A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19732607A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999006766A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006023460A2 (en) | 2004-08-16 | 2006-03-02 | Theravance, Inc. | COMPOUNDS HAVING β2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR AGONIST AND MUSCARINIC RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST ACTIVITY |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10246231A1 (en) * | 2002-10-04 | 2004-04-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Automotive fuel cell has afterburner chamber void filled with open pored silicon carbide foam ceramic foam block with glow plug ignition with regulated input of combustion gases |
| DE102004057271B4 (en) * | 2004-11-26 | 2008-04-24 | Webasto Ag | Assembly for a heater and methods of making the same |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2734216A1 (en) * | 1977-07-29 | 1979-02-08 | Broetje Fa August | High pressure oil atomising burner head - has double walled flame section with flared and inwards turned ends |
| FR2481781A1 (en) * | 1980-05-03 | 1981-11-06 | Stettner & Co | FIREPLACE BOX TYPE EQUIPMENT FOR FURNACES OR BOILERS AND DEVICE FOR MAINTAINING THE SAME |
| WO1987006327A1 (en) * | 1986-04-17 | 1987-10-22 | Étamax Ho^"Technikai Kisszövetkezet | Ceramic insert for boilers with sack combustion chamber |
| WO1987006681A1 (en) * | 1986-04-29 | 1987-11-05 | Schneidawind, Melitta | Heating device with reheater |
| DE8905035U1 (en) * | 1989-04-21 | 1989-11-02 | Stross, Johann, 7954 Bad Wurzach | 3-stage catalyst for oil and gas combustion systems with forced draught burners |
| EP0483520A2 (en) * | 1990-10-02 | 1992-05-06 | VAW Aluminium AG | Method and apparatus for the combustion of gaseous and liquid fuels generating a low emission of noxious products |
| DE4332258A1 (en) * | 1993-09-22 | 1995-03-30 | Ppv Verwaltungs Ag | Cap for a burner |
| DE19534319A1 (en) * | 1995-09-15 | 1997-03-20 | Hoechst Ceram Tec Ag | Insert with at least three areas for combustion |
-
1997
- 1997-07-29 DE DE1997132607 patent/DE19732607A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-07-17 EP EP98945004A patent/EP1032788A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-07-17 WO PCT/DE1998/002002 patent/WO1999006766A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2734216A1 (en) * | 1977-07-29 | 1979-02-08 | Broetje Fa August | High pressure oil atomising burner head - has double walled flame section with flared and inwards turned ends |
| FR2481781A1 (en) * | 1980-05-03 | 1981-11-06 | Stettner & Co | FIREPLACE BOX TYPE EQUIPMENT FOR FURNACES OR BOILERS AND DEVICE FOR MAINTAINING THE SAME |
| WO1987006327A1 (en) * | 1986-04-17 | 1987-10-22 | Étamax Ho^"Technikai Kisszövetkezet | Ceramic insert for boilers with sack combustion chamber |
| WO1987006681A1 (en) * | 1986-04-29 | 1987-11-05 | Schneidawind, Melitta | Heating device with reheater |
| EP0266377B1 (en) | 1986-04-29 | 1991-08-21 | SCHNEIDAWIND, Melitta | Heating device with reheater |
| DE8905035U1 (en) * | 1989-04-21 | 1989-11-02 | Stross, Johann, 7954 Bad Wurzach | 3-stage catalyst for oil and gas combustion systems with forced draught burners |
| EP0483520A2 (en) * | 1990-10-02 | 1992-05-06 | VAW Aluminium AG | Method and apparatus for the combustion of gaseous and liquid fuels generating a low emission of noxious products |
| DE4332258A1 (en) * | 1993-09-22 | 1995-03-30 | Ppv Verwaltungs Ag | Cap for a burner |
| DE19534319A1 (en) * | 1995-09-15 | 1997-03-20 | Hoechst Ceram Tec Ag | Insert with at least three areas for combustion |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006023460A2 (en) | 2004-08-16 | 2006-03-02 | Theravance, Inc. | COMPOUNDS HAVING β2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR AGONIST AND MUSCARINIC RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST ACTIVITY |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19732607A1 (en) | 1999-02-04 |
| EP1032788A1 (en) | 2000-09-06 |
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