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WO1999067574A2 - Systeme de conditionnement d'air comprenant des cellules de refroidissement par absorption - Google Patents

Systeme de conditionnement d'air comprenant des cellules de refroidissement par absorption Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999067574A2
WO1999067574A2 PCT/KR1999/000330 KR9900330W WO9967574A2 WO 1999067574 A2 WO1999067574 A2 WO 1999067574A2 KR 9900330 W KR9900330 W KR 9900330W WO 9967574 A2 WO9967574 A2 WO 9967574A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchange
fluid
cell
evaporator
absorption
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR1999/000330
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO1999067574A3 (fr
Inventor
Jong Hae Kim
Original Assignee
Kim, Ji, Tae
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kim, Ji, Tae filed Critical Kim, Ji, Tae
Priority to GB0004141A priority Critical patent/GB2354063A/en
Priority to AU46552/99A priority patent/AU4655299A/en
Publication of WO1999067574A2 publication Critical patent/WO1999067574A2/fr
Publication of WO1999067574A3 publication Critical patent/WO1999067574A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
    • F25B15/10—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type with inert gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2203/00—Devices or apparatus used for air treatment
    • F24F2203/02—System or Device comprising a heat pump as a subsystem, e.g. combined with humidification/dehumidification, heating, natural energy or with hybrid system
    • F24F2203/026—Absorption - desorption cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
    • F25B15/008—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type with multi-stage operation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an airconditioning system utilizing a plurality of absorption chiller-cells for refrigerating the second refrigerant medium such as an antifreeze to get sufficient low temperature for the indoor fan- coil units of an airconditioning system, by circulating and exchanging heat of the second refrigerant medium gradually from the first absorption chiller-cell and through up to N numbers of absorption chiller-cell in a consecutive order for providing an accumulative chilling effects to give more efficient and faster cooling speed.
  • the second refrigerant medium such as an antifreeze
  • the invention provides a method and apparatus to make an absorption chiller-cell utilizing an absorption refrigeration means which has a plurality of evaporator means by employing a multi-refrigerant circulation circuits in an absorption cycle, and to enable the physical size of the system smaller and the cooling capacity larger comparing the existing absorption system.
  • This invention also provides an airconditioning system devised with absorption chiller-cell to produce various kinds of capacity of the system by combining various number of chiller cell and to make more simple solution for repairing or maintenance by replacing chiller-cell.
  • this system is not suitable for home use due to its physical size and a complex construction of the system to solve the crystallization problem and also has the risk of freezing due to the freezing point of water.
  • Another known arrangement is an airconditioning system using a solution pair of ammonia as refrigerant and water as absorbent. This system is applicable to refrigerate below 0 ° C and the physical size of the system is relatively smaller comparing the system using LiBr and water, but still too big to replace the present electric airconditioning unit for home or apartment application with an absorption airconditioning system.
  • An object of this invention is to provide an airconditioning system utilizing an absorption refrigeration means having a plurality of absorption chiller-cell structures for chilling the sufficient quantity of an antifreeze to the sufficient low temperature for the fan-coil units of the air conditioning system.
  • Another object is to provide a method and apparatus to make an improved absorption chiller-cell which having a plurality of evaporator means by employing a multi-channel of refrigerant circuits in an absorption refrigeration cycle for improving the cooling capacity at the limited physical size of the refrigeration system.
  • Still another object is to provide an absorption refrigeration system which enables to reduce the physical size of the system by cell structure system particularly to replace the cooling unit of the conventional electric airconditioning system for home use.
  • Still another object is to provide an air conditioning system which is capable to increase or decrease of it's cooling capacity by increasing or decreasing the number of chiller-cell unit to produce various kinds of capacity of airconditioning system by combining the number of chill-cell.
  • Still another object is to provide an absorption airconditioning system which may be easier for maintenance of the system by replacing the chiller-cell unit.
  • the refrigerating means comprises a plurality of absorption chiller-cell structures for refrigerating an antifreeze fluid to the sufficient low temperature, being circulated each absorption chiller-cell in a consecutive order, and each absorption chiller-cell comprises a multi-refrigerant circulation circuits in an absorption cycle to produce enough refrigerant in volume to improve the cooling capacity of the system.
  • Another outstanding characteristic of the invention is to provide the method and apparatus to make an airconditioning system based on the diffusion absorption (DA) cycle by employing a multi-refrigerant circulation circuits in an absorption cycle.
  • the DA technology is based on the Platen-Muntecs cycle and is currently manufactured internationally for hotel room and recreational vehicle refrigerators. The unique features of this technology are (1) it can be gas-fired with no electric input required and (2) machines based on a DA cycle are essentially silent. But, until the present invention it was thought that DA cycle is consisting of one refrigerant loop circuit, one solution loop circuit and one gas loop circuit, and not suitable for airconditioning system due to its poor cooling capacity.
  • Another unique characteristic of the invention is the method and apparatus of heat exchange of an antifreeze of each absorption chiller-cell employing tube in tube principle to create a plurality of evaporators configuring an independent heat exchanging chamber which having a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet and the second refrigerant (an antifreeze) fluid flow path there-be tween for exchanging heat from evaporator by flowing the second refrigerant fluid in the form of fluid film along with the outside surface of evaporator tube, which accommodates to control the temperature and volume of the second refrigerant by connecting each chamber in a consecutive order for lowering temperature, and in a parallel order for increasing the amount of the second refrigerant medium to accomodate for typical airconditioning application.
  • Another outstanding feature of the invention is the airconditioning system utilizing a plurality of absorption chiller-cells to produce various kinds of capacity of the system by combining more or less number of chiller-cell and it provides an easier solution for maintenance by replacing chiller-cell.
  • FIG 1. is a systematic diagram of the absorption chiller-cell system of the invention
  • FIG 2. is a systematic diagram of double effect absorption chiller-cell system of the invention
  • FIG 3. is a systematic diagram of the air conditioning system of the invention
  • FIG 4. is a detailed schematic diagram of an embodiment of heat exchanging chamber of the invention in a parallel order.
  • FIG 5. is a detailed systematic diagram of an embodiment of a heat exchange chamber of the invention in a consecutive order.
  • the ammonia is the refrigerant and the water is the absorbent.
  • FIG 1. shows in s systematic diagram of the absorption refrigeration system in conformity with the invention.
  • the absorption refrigeration system comprises a plurality of absorption chiller-cells 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-N, and each chiller-cell comprises absorber means 11, absorber vessel 12, heating means 23, a plurality of generator means 13-1, 13-2, with rectifier 14-1, 14-2, a plurality of condenser means 16-1, 16-2, a plurality of evaporators 17-1, 17-2, 17-3, 17-4, with heat exchange chamber 18-1, 18-2, 18-3, 18-4 for exchanging heat between evaporator and antifreeze fluid, and central processing unit 20 with thermo sensors 19-1, 19-2, 19-3,19-4, and heating control means 19-5 to control the system.
  • each heat exchanger chamber comprises evaporator tube 17-1, 17-2, in a tube 18-1, 18-2 of a heat exchanger chamber which having a fluid inlet 20-1, 20-2, and a fluid outlet 21-1, 21-2, and antifreeze fluid flow path there-between.
  • this system uses a three component working fluid consisting of the refrigerant (ammonia), the absorbent (water) and the auxiliary gas (hydrogen).
  • the refrigerant serves as transporting medium to carry energy from low temperatures source to high temperature sink.
  • the water absorbs the refrigerant at low temperature and low partial pressure and releases it at high temperature against high partial pressure, the auxiliary gas provides pressure equalization for working fluid between the condenser and evaporator.
  • the number of possible working fluid combination is infinite, but in practice, the combination in the wide commercial use is ammonia-water-hydrogen. Helium can also be used as the auxiliary gas with performance penalty.
  • a thermodynamic representation of the invention is illustrated in Fig. 1.
  • the chiller-cell uses single refrigeration cycle with multi-refrigerant circulation loop circuits by generator means 13-1, 13-2, which have at least one or more units of evaporators 17-1, 17-2, 17-3, 17-4 in each loop circuit. This arrangement results in significantly increased cooling effect by multi-evaporator which enable this circuit to produce the desired working temperature in the evaporator in a different manner than the prior absorption refrigeration concepts, resulting in a different relationship between the components in each refrigeration circuit.
  • the conventional diffusion absorption (DA) cycle has three fluid loop circuits, consisting of ammonia loop circuit, gas loop circuit and ammonia- water solution loop circuit.
  • the ammonia loop circuit includes all the components since ammonia circulates through all the components.
  • Ammonia- Water solution circuit flows through the solution loop circuit, which includes the generator (bubble rump), absorber and solution heat exchanger.
  • the auxiliary gas circulates through the gas loop circuit, which includes the evaporator, absorber and auxiliary gas heat exchanger.
  • the conventional DA cycle has only one ammonia loop circuit employing only one evaporating means, and it makes the performance limited and not enough to feed the cooling capacity of an airconditing system.
  • the present invention configures multi-ammonia loop circuits at a DA cycle and it feeds multi-evaporator means to produce enough ammonia vapor for operating a plurality of heat exchange chamber which changing heat between the evaporator tubes and antifreeze by a circulation pump.
  • a preferred absorption solution mixture (ammonia and water) and the auxiliary gas (hydrogen gas) are filled in the absorber vessel 12. These are at sufficient pressure to condense ammonia at room temperature.
  • the heating means 23 supplied to the generator means 13-1, 13-2 bubbles of ammonia gas are produced and rise.
  • the vapor contains a small quantity of water vapor which can be removed by passing the mixed vapor through the rectifier tubes 14-1, 14-2, by heat rejection.
  • the small amount of water in the ammonia runs back and drains to the absorber vessel 12 through rectifiers leaving the dry ammonia vapor to pass to the condensers 16-1, 16-2.
  • the ammonia-rich gas mixture leaves the bottom of the evaporators 17-1, 17-2, 17-3, 17-4 and passes down through the tube 25 to the absorber 11.
  • the ammonia is absorbed from the gas by the liquid solution.
  • the auxiliary gas which is almost insoluble in the liquid, is free to rise up from the top of the absorber 11 and passes into the evaporators 17-1, 17-2, 17-3, 17-4 together with some residential ammonia vapor.
  • the hydrogen and ' ammonia gas circulation loop is driven by natural convection caused primarily by the large density differences associated with the ammonia fraction in the vapor.
  • the liquid circulation in the cycle is driven by the heat-powered bubble pump shown schematically in Fig. 1.
  • This cycle operates continuously as long as the tubes of the generator 13-1, 13-2, means is heated.
  • the antifreeze fluid is circulated from the first heat exchange chamber, 18-1 of the first evaporator 17-1, the second beat exchange chamber 18-2 of the second evaporator 17-2, the third heat exchange chamber 18-3 the third evaporator 17-3 and the fourth heat exchange chamber 18-4 of the fourth evaporator 17-4 by a pump and lowered it's temperature gradually by circulating each tube of a heat exchange chamber which having a fluid inlet 20-1, 20-2, a fluid outlet 21-1, 21-2, and the antifreeze fluid path there-between for exchanging heat from evaporator by 17-1, 17-2, flowing the antifreeze fluid in the form of fluid film along with outside surface of evaporator tube 17-1, 17-2, as shown schematically in Fig. 4.
  • Ammonia-poor hydrogen enters into the each of evaporators, and the auxiliary gas atmosphere accommodates the partial pressure of the ammonia vapor in accordance with Delton's low.
  • the auxiliary gas atmosphere accommodates the partial pressure of the ammonia vapor in accordance with Delton's low.
  • the ammonia evaporates into the hydrogen, the partial pressure of the ammonia gas rises, and the evaporation temperature also rises.
  • the means of a plurality of evaporators 17-1, 17-2, 17-3, 17-4 by employing a multi-refrigerant circulation circuits in an absorption cycle significantly increases the cooling capacity for the airconditioning, application, comparing the prior arts which employs single evaporator means in an absorption cycle.
  • the cooling capacity of each chiller-cell depends on the number of the evaporator and the refrigerant loop circuit in an absorbtion cycle.
  • the system can adjust the number of chiller cells. If the cooling space is small, for example, 4 chiller cells are available. Meanwhile, if the cooling space is large, more chiller cells can be used for its structure to adjust the cooling capacity.
  • the first diffusion absorption refrigeration system is comprising a multiple generator comprising 3 tubes in the preferred embodiment, each tube having at least one evaporator and a condenser each, and second diffusion absorption refrigeration system having a generator being heated by the tubes of the 1st heat exchanger of the first diffusion absorption system after the refrigerant solution pre-heated by the 2nd heat exchanger of the first refrigeration system.
  • Figure 3 illustrates schematically one embodiment of the invention which can be used either for cooling or heating. If it needs to be installed for both heating and cooling the room, and interceptive valve 109 and refrigerant's (antifreeze) heating means 108 can be linked to IN/OUT pipe of chiller-cell. When heating the room, a refrigerant (antifreeze) supply pipe of each chiller-cell turns off by interceptive valve 109, while it turns on to operate a pump 109 to circulate the antifreeze, which heated by heating means 108, to pan-coil units 106-1, 106-2, 106-3.
  • interceptive valve 109 and refrigerant's (antifreeze) heating means 108 can be linked to IN/OUT pipe of chiller-cell.
  • a refrigerant (antifreeze) supply pipe of each chiller-cell turns off by interceptive valve 109, while it turns on to operate a pump 109 to circulate the antifreeze, which heated by heating means 108, to pan-coil units 106-1, 106-2,
  • the antifreeze is employed as a second refrigerant of the system to protect its chiller-cell and heat exchange chamber against freeze in winter, and temperature and circulation speed of an antifreeze are controled by a central processing unit 112.
  • a central processing unit 112. When an after-service is required, it provides more simple solution to the system than any prior arts and doesn't need to stop all functions of the system because theusedd chiller-cell only can be easily replaced.
  • a means of direct heat-transfer with chiller-cells by antifreeze which circulates in the N numbers of chiller-cell in a consecutive way to make a prompt and cumulative cooling effects.
  • the invention in overcoming all of the aforesaid drawbacks of the prior art, presents a new technology to structures a chiller-cell with a small .sized improved absorption refrigeration means having multi- evaporators to produce various kinds of capacity of absorption airconditioning system by combining more or less numbers of small sized chiller-cell type cooling means, rather than a known art such as single type large sized cooling means with the fixed cooling capacity.
  • the system provides a more efficient heat-transfer by circulating antifreeze to extract heat by the evaporation of the refrigerant, thereby, lowers gradually the temperature and makes a faster and more efficient cooling effect by circulating in each chiller-cell.
  • a cooling capacity of the invention can be adjusted by adding or subtracting number of chiller-cell. Even the system installed, when a cooling capacity needs a large size, the number of chiller-cells, depending on the required demand, is added as many as it needs. And it also provides an easier after-service by only changing the chiller-cell with no interrupting all functions of the system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de conditionnement d'air qui utilise une pluralité de cellules de refroidissement par absorption pour réfrigérer une fluide incongelable destiné aux batteries ventilées d'un système de conditionnement d'air qui circule dans chaque structure de cellule dans un ordre consécutif pour réduire graduellement la température d'un fluide incongelable. De manière plus spécifique, cette invention concerne un système de cellules de refroidissement par absorption comprenant plusieurs évaporateurs qui utilisent des circuits de circulation à plusieurs fluides frigorigènes dans un cycle d'absorption pour produire suffisamment de fluide frigorigène pour le système de conditionnement d'air et permettre dans le même temps de réduire les dimensions physiques du système afin qu'il remplace les unités de conditionnement d'air électriques classiques destinées aux applications domestiques. Dans d'autres aspects, l'invention concerne un système de conditionnement d'air qui comprend une pluralité de cellules de refroidissement par absorption pour produire des systèmes ayant des capacités différentes du fait de la combinaison d'un nombre plus ou moins important de cellules de refroidissement, et pour apporter une solution simple et efficace à la maintenance et au remplacement des cellules de refroidissement.
PCT/KR1999/000330 1998-06-25 1999-06-24 Systeme de conditionnement d'air comprenant des cellules de refroidissement par absorption WO1999067574A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0004141A GB2354063A (en) 1998-06-25 1999-06-24 Airconditioning system utilizing absorption chiller cell
AU46552/99A AU4655299A (en) 1998-06-25 1999-06-24 Airconditioning system utilizing absorption chiller cell

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1019980023997A KR20000002974A (ko) 1998-06-25 1998-06-25 셀형흡수냉각방식에의한공조시스템
KR1998/23997 1998-06-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999067574A2 true WO1999067574A2 (fr) 1999-12-29
WO1999067574A3 WO1999067574A3 (fr) 2000-04-27

Family

ID=19540697

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/KR1999/000330 WO1999067574A2 (fr) 1998-06-25 1999-06-24 Systeme de conditionnement d'air comprenant des cellules de refroidissement par absorption

Country Status (4)

Country Link
KR (1) KR20000002974A (fr)
AU (1) AU4655299A (fr)
GB (1) GB2354063A (fr)
WO (1) WO1999067574A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106802013A (zh) * 2015-11-26 2017-06-06 四川捷元科技有限公司 单元组合式制冷矩阵

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3396549A (en) * 1967-05-31 1968-08-13 Carrier Corp Multiple-effect absorption refrigeration systems
US3831397A (en) * 1971-09-15 1974-08-27 G Mamiya Multi-stage absorption refrigeration system
US3817050A (en) * 1972-12-26 1974-06-18 Texaco Inc Two-stage ammonia absorption refrigeration system with at least three evaporation stages
JPS60175979A (ja) * 1984-02-22 1985-09-10 株式会社日立製作所 多重効用吸収式冷凍機

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106802013A (zh) * 2015-11-26 2017-06-06 四川捷元科技有限公司 单元组合式制冷矩阵
CN106802013B (zh) * 2015-11-26 2023-04-21 四川捷元科技有限公司 单元组合式制冷矩阵

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU4655299A (en) 2000-01-10
WO1999067574A3 (fr) 2000-04-27
GB0004141D0 (en) 2000-04-12
GB2354063A (en) 2001-03-14
KR20000002974A (ko) 2000-01-15

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