WO1999059685A1 - Dispositif servant a pratiquer le ski sur la terre ferme - Google Patents
Dispositif servant a pratiquer le ski sur la terre ferme Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999059685A1 WO1999059685A1 PCT/US1999/010858 US9910858W WO9959685A1 WO 1999059685 A1 WO1999059685 A1 WO 1999059685A1 US 9910858 W US9910858 W US 9910858W WO 9959685 A1 WO9959685 A1 WO 9959685A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- earthski
- boot
- flexchassis
- chassis
- shows
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
- A63C17/00—Roller skates; Skate-boards
- A63C17/16—Roller skates; Skate-boards for use on specially shaped or arranged runways
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
- A63C17/00—Roller skates; Skate-boards
- A63C17/0046—Roller skates; Skate-boards with shock absorption or suspension system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
- A63C17/00—Roller skates; Skate-boards
- A63C17/02—Roller skates; Skate-boards with wheels arranged in two pairs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
- A63C17/00—Roller skates; Skate-boards
- A63C17/04—Roller skates; Skate-boards with wheels arranged otherwise than in two pairs
- A63C17/045—Roller skis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
- A63C17/00—Roller skates; Skate-boards
- A63C17/04—Roller skates; Skate-boards with wheels arranged otherwise than in two pairs
- A63C17/06—Roller skates; Skate-boards with wheels arranged otherwise than in two pairs single-track type
- A63C17/061—Roller skates; Skate-boards with wheels arranged otherwise than in two pairs single-track type with relative movement of sub-parts on the chassis
- A63C17/062—Roller skates; Skate-boards with wheels arranged otherwise than in two pairs single-track type with relative movement of sub-parts on the chassis with a pivotal frame or cradle around transversal axis for relative movements of the wheels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
- A63C17/00—Roller skates; Skate-boards
- A63C17/14—Roller skates; Skate-boards with brakes, e.g. toe stoppers, freewheel roller clutches
- A63C17/1409—Roller skates; Skate-boards with brakes, e.g. toe stoppers, freewheel roller clutches contacting one or more of the wheels
- A63C17/1427—Roller skates; Skate-boards with brakes, e.g. toe stoppers, freewheel roller clutches contacting one or more of the wheels the brake contacting other wheel associated surfaces, e.g. hubs, brake discs or wheel flanks
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
- A63C17/00—Roller skates; Skate-boards
- A63C17/14—Roller skates; Skate-boards with brakes, e.g. toe stoppers, freewheel roller clutches
- A63C2017/1481—Leg or ankle operated
Definitions
- This invention most directly relates to skiing, but will ultimately unveil an entirely new and unique sport.
- EarthSki mechanical devices shall enable individuals the opportunity to ski on land without snow.
- rollerbladeTM has a web page for a device they are calling CoyoteTM, which is an off- road inline skate portrayed as "able to go where mountain bikes ride," and a "sport utility vehicle.” It is curious to note that it took a large corporation "three years in development” to employ the most fundamental, rudimentary component of my invention, the pneumatic tire. This pneumatic tire is apparently the essence of their off-road inline skate, and is the sole shock-absorbing component. Off-road inline skates allow the rider to skate on surfaces that are not paved.
- the objectives of my designs are to create mechanical devices that will enable individuals to comfortably glide and bounce while aggressively propelling themselves over any terrain (i.e., dirt, gravel, rocks, grass, sand, mud, etc.).
- the advantages of my devices will provide individuals the opportunity of ski-like recreation regardless of weather conditions.
- the off-road inline skate tire is incorrect for traction and severe impact. Shock absorbers are non-existent and there is no flexible chassis to contribute in impact cushioning. The braking system is not properly protected from jamming due to twigs, rocks, grass clumps, etc. Just as the puma will out-run, out-maneuver, surpass and vanquish lesser predatory scavengers (coyotes for example, indigenous to the same geographic area), EarthSkiing in a synonymous way will overstep off-road inline skating.
- FIGs 1 A through IE outline five designs that share essential components. Each design approaches and accomplished EarthSki DesignTM theory in their own respective way. The theory: "Ski The Earth!”
- Fig 1 A shows the TerraSkiTM.
- a ski-like boot lays atop the FlexChassisTM.
- the FlexChassisTM attaches to a rigid chassis. Bored grooves in the chassis lock in eight shock absorbers. There are two shocks aside each of the four inline pneumatic tires. The shocks are attached to both ends of the wheel axle.
- Fig IB shows the MountainBladeTM, where the boot attaches to the FlexChassisTM, attached to rigid chassis.
- the bored chassis holes house shocks that mount to six triangular constructed rigid frames. These frames are attached to the wheel axles. This device rolls on three tires.
- Fig 1C shows the Road Runner LHOTM, where the boot attaches directly to the FlexChassisTM, which attaches to the axle ends.
- This device has two wheels.
- Fig ID shows the Puma MHOTM, where the boot attaches directly to the rigid chassis. Chassis arms attach to the hinge pin on the underside of the chassis on one end and to the axle on the other.
- Fig IE shows the SkiateTM, where the boot attaches to the FlexChassisTM, which attaches to the rigid chassis.
- Two axles attach in a perpendicular fashion to the chassis.
- the axle ends house four pneumatic tires upon which this device rolls.
- Fig 2 shows the TerraShoeTM, a light-weight, supportive, air-cushioned shoe with padded sole.
- TerraShoeTM will function as a walking shoe and/or the TerraBootTM insole.
- Fig 3 A shows the TerraBootTM shell, which is similar in support and appearance to a ski or inline skate boot. This shell separates in the front (along the center seam) so that the TerraShoeTM may be inserted. The boot latches or buckles shut. The boot firmly mounts onto the FlexChassisTM or chassis beneath.
- Fig 3B shows the TerraBootTM flex potential of the upper boot portion.
- the flex is delineated by the dashed lines. These lines portray front to rear flex about the hinge-pin.
- Fig 3C shows the top view of the boot to chassis clamp lock
- the bolt goes through hole or holes to connect to FlexChassisTM or chassis.
- "C" shaped contour accepts front and/or rear boot shape.
- the clamp lock function is to securely hold the boot to underlying component.
- Fig 3D shows the side view of the boot to chassis clamp lock.
- the dashed lines depict spaces in the shape of this solid attaching piece.
- the material is molded, light-weight and strong.
- Fig 4 shows the possible outline of the DimeStopTM braking system.
- This system utilizes boot flex to move rods which then pull cables. These cables are directed around pulleys and ultimately pull 'L' -shaped rods which in turn push on hydraulic plunger. Hydraulic tubes lead to both sides of each wheel. These tubes enter the concave hub area through the hubcap, and mount to the axle. Hydraulic push rods apply pressure to the brake pads.
- Figures 5 A through 5E depict front and side views of various FlexChassisTM shapes for the EarthSki DesignsTM.
- the holes in the midsection allow clamps to firmly hold the boot in place. End holes facilitate mounting to the rigid underlying chassis.
- Fig 5A shows the side view of the TerraSkiTM/MountainBladeTM FlexChassisTM.
- Fig 5B shows the top view of the TerraSkiTM/MountainBladeTM FlexChassisTM.
- Fig 5C shows the side view of the RoadRunner LHOTM FlexChassisTM.
- Fig 5D shows the top view of the RoadRunner LHOTM FlexChassisTM.
- Fig 5E shows the side view of the SkiateTM FlexChassisTM.
- Fig 5F shows the top view of the SkiateTM FlexChassisTM.
- Fig 5G shows the flex potential of the FlexChassisTM, which employs three images as one range-of-motion outline. The ends are fixed, thus allowing boot-attached mid-section to flex in perpendicular direction to lateral apparatus direction.
- the purpose of the FlexChassisTM is to absorb shock and provide bounce-ability.
- Fig 6A shows the top view of the chassis. Material characteristics encompass strength and rigidity of this light-weight molded piece.
- the 'S'-shape on the sides outline bored-out holes to accept the shock absorbers.
- the holes are conveyed as solid circles. Not visible in this figure, angular direction of the holes, three dimensional outline of raised mounts and threaded holes on the mounts for FlexChassisTM attaching bolts or holes for DimeStopTM components.
- Fig 6B shows the side view of the chassis and outlines the raised ends where the FlexChassisTM mounts.
- the angled view also conveys substantial thickness of this component.
- the solidly filled circular areas denote top and bottom of the cylindrical holes or shock housings. These holes might be threaded as the shock absorber must be rigidly fixed to the chassis. With a strong enough material (i.e. titanium) both chassis and top shock portion could be constructed as a single piece, eliminating the need for holes that might weaken chassis strength.
- Fig 7A-7B show the same angle of the same component in its two extreme positions.
- BolderSorbTM MicroShockTM top and bottom portions are fixedly attached to other components. External material characteristics embody strength and solidity, yet are relatively light in weight. Cylindrical overlap, grooves and overall construction prohibit movement in undesired directions.
- Spring steel coil (directly implied by the drawing) might best be substituted with alternative absorbing media with resilient qualities (i.e. H 2 O or gas).
- For MountainBladeTM split shock reference #135 two chambers, or sealed interior rod, will be employed within the shock. The split shock must absorb in two directions (push and pull) in order for the triangular frame to move correctly.
- Fig 7 A shows the uncompressed view of the BolderSorbTM MicroShockTM.
- Fig 7B shows the compressed view of the BolderSorbTM MicroShockTM.
- FIGS 8A-8J show ShreadTreadTM MiniKnobTM components.
- Fig 8 A shows the side view of the axle.
- the axle extends through the entire hub length and protrudes beyond.
- the threaded ends allow components to be bolted on.
- Fig 8B and 8E show various aspects of the bearings.
- the bearings are sealed and have high-speed capability
- Fig 8C and 8F show various aspects of the washer.
- Fig 8D and 8G show various aspects of the bolt.
- Fig 8H shows the side view of the wheel hub.
- the dumbbell-shaped wheel hub has a lip around the perimeter of the circular concave ends.
- the exterior shape holds tire and/or inner tube.
- the ends are concave to accept convex brake pad, and to provide room for components.
- Fig 81 shows the hubcap, which clamps to hubs inside the perimeter lip.
- the hubcap is shaped to encase additional components. Hubcaps protect moving parts from external matter.
- Fig 8J shows the hubcap attached to the wheel hub.
- Figures 9A-9B shows the same angular view of the ShredTreadTM MiniKnobTM tire.
- the two figures display the change of overall shape as it is subjected to pressurization.
- the solidly filled squares outline exterior knobs.
- the central tire section is outlined by two vertical lines. This central area delineates the tires inner street tread.
- the street tread is shown as vertical 'S' patterns and is laterally crossed with arced lines.
- Fig 9A shows the semi-deflated view of the ShreadTreadTM MiniKnobTM tire.
- the tire In this less pressurized state, the tire has soft, mushy, forgiving or 'balloon tire' qualities. Less pressure will decrease puncture potential, while increasing grip and absorption capacities.
- Fig 9B shows the maximum inflation view of the ShreadTreadTM MiniKnobTM tire. Exterior tire shape and characteristics change form as the interior air pressure is increased. Midsection or street tread extends above outer knobs on the tire.
- Fig 10 shows the SorbPoleTM, which appears and functions similar to a snow skiing pole. Primary differences between snow and earth poles are: adjustable shock absorption ability, and a curved tip which increases contact surface area. Rounded shape and surface area of pole tip will benefit or assist in push, as it restricts jamming in cracks or other objects.
- Fig 11 A-l 1C shows various aspects of the MountainArmorTM. The breathable, hard, protective outer shell's interior is lined with padding or air bladders. Plates are only illustrated by perimeter outline (framing is not present unless specifically noted). Adjoining shell plates have strict range-of-motion limitations in specific directions. This limited range of motion will distribute and disperse stress to attached shell surface areas.
- Isolated or freely hanging plates connect to other plates with elastic or neoprene-like strap material. This material shall hold plates in proper position while, at the same time, permitting independent movement range.
- the MountainArmorTM functions as a an exoskeleton.
- the seat guard, spine plate, rib side and neck stop protection plates do not exist in any other protective wear known to me. The above mentioned plates will protect the buttocks, hips, tail bone, spine, neck, ribs and shoulders from direct impact while prohibiting extreme hyper-extension.
- Fig 11A shows MountainArmorTM front view.
- Fig 1 IB shows MountainArmorTM back view.
- Fig 11C shows knee plate to shin plate section from the front view. Plate framing and connecting straps are visually presented in this drawing.
- Tire Configuration Suspension, Brake Operation, Pole and Protective Wear design.
- Tire Configuration Suspension, Brake Operation, Pole and Protective Wear design.
- the semi-deflated ShredTreadTM MiniKnobTM shall intensify grip while enormously augmenting shock absorbing capacity for the operator's glide-ride in the off-road environment.
- this tire's inner street tread will expand beyond the outer off-road tread enhancing speed and maneuverability on smoother terrain.
- Suspension dynamics are the quintessential component of EarthSki DesignsTM differentiation to any perceivably conjoined apparatus. FlexChassisTM atop, BoulderSorbTM MicroShockTM technology, additionally compounded with ShredTreadTM MiniKnobsTM, will produce tremendous degrees of shock absorption aptitude. This component combination shall provide bounce-ability, and glide-ride assisted support for EarthSki DesignTM riders.
- Brake contraption size, activation device, mechanized implementation, encapsulation, and lock feature are unique to any existing system known to me. I am certain that DimeStopTM can and will be modified and/or adapted to implement braking in other devices. DimeStopTM could easily be attached, activated,, sealed and implemented in numerous configurations.
- the SorbPoleTM will enhance acceleration on level or uphill surfaces, assist shock absorption, and abet navigation as the operator negotiates the terrain. EarthSkiers may utilize this instrument for assistance as they lift their weight for turns.
- Protective Wear MountainArmorTM is a unique completion to my inventions, but it is not entirely necessary nor exclusive to this new sport. When any rider assumes risk of falling on hard (potentially rugged) surfaces atop devices that enable accelerated velocities, protective wear is highly advisable. EarthSkiing is not an exception to this rule. This protective wear will help cushion impact when the operator's body contacts the Earth.
- An individual will suit up in MountainArmorTM for protection and step into a lightweight, supportive TerraShoeTM that resembles a hiking boot.
- This shoe will snugly insert into the TerraBootTM shell (shoe acting at this point in a similar fashion to a ski boot liner).
- the shell will buckle or strap snugly to the shoe.
- the TerraBootTM or a standard ski boot will be fixed, or clamped down to the FlexChassisTM or chassis.
- an ejecting binding similar to a ski binding, may be employed enabling the rider to utilize the underlying EarthSki DesignTM.
- shock absorbers and tires may be adjusted per terrain (i.e., stiff setting for street riding, bouncy setting for bumpy surfaces), or to the weight of the rider.
- interchangeable wheels may also be installed for this same purpose. The individual will then have the ability to ski the earth.
- the rider will feel the similar gliding and bouncing that skiing on snow provides.
- the adjustable shock-absorbing SorbPolesTM with curved tips will aid the operator in balance and manipulation.
- the boots may not eject, and it is essential that the rider carefully learn proper falling technique.
- MountainArmorTM seat guard will protect from most impacts as the operator lies down sideways and slightly backwards.
- the rider For operation on level surfaces, the rider will push outward and back on one of the EarthSki DesignsTM, then lifting and placing parallel to the other EarthSki and pointed directly forward. This motion most resembles ice skating. The movement will be different from inline skating simply because the EarthSki devices are longer with wider tires. The movement will resemble, in a less exaggerated form, the manipulation that skiers implement to move forward on a flat slope.
- the curve-ended poles can also assist in forward thrust, in the same fashion used by snow skiers.
- wheels will be locked by the operator, so that rolling backwards downhill can be avoided. With wheels locked, the rider will be able to jog uphill on the bouncy mechanism, or walk away from undesirable circumstances without fear of uncontrolled rolling.
- Activation of the braking systems I have designed can be achieved by extreme flexing of the TerraBootTM or ski boot, in either the forward, backward or quite possibly lateral directions. Extreme flex from boot will push, and or pull, rods, cables, or hydraulic plungers. This will activate a mechanism to increase friction to the wheel hub, wheel hub core, wheel hub rail, or the tire itself. This will cause the designs to slow down, or stop.
- a lever can manually lock the RollStopTM mechanism, completely inhibiting rolling of any kind.
- the ShredTreadTM MiniKnobTM concept might apply to other vehicles such as Enduro motorcycles.
- Small pneumatic wheels will be able to adapt to skateboards, inline skates and roller skates, as the ShredTreadTM concept could manifest numerous dimensions, and utilize differing surface treads.
- All EarthSki DesignsTM could be modified for motorized applications.
- Similar suspension concepts might be adaptable to existing devices as an upgrade (skateboards, roller skates, inline skates, ski-to-boot, etc.).
- the shoe to step-in boot could apply to ski boots and inline skates as it ties directly to athletic footwear.
- the braking systems will apply to skateboards, roller skates, inline skates, etc.
- Air pumps or pressurized canisters (similar to CO 2 canisters), sealed housing and pressure release valves on the device might be advantageous in the field. This would allow the rider to force air or gas into the tire and/or shock absorbers, restricting shock absorbing aptitude for street riding, or deflation for off- road terrain. It is possible that the DimeStopTM activation would best be controlled someplace other than the boot.
- a pressure sensitive hand-plate on the MountainArmorTM or SorbPoleTM button, or grip-plate might be effective. The amount of pressure might be processed and released by way of signals (i.e. different radio wave frequencies per degree of pressure) then transmitted to a receiver on the EarthSki device. Anti-lock brakes could be optimal in certain instances.
Landscapes
- Tires In General (AREA)
Abstract
Dispositif servant à pratiquer le ski sur la terre ferme et comprenant une pluralité de roues (161) montées au moyen de raccords (116) sur un châssis (97) sur lequel on peut fixer une chaussure (31) dans laquelle le skieur place son pied.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU43090/99A AU4309099A (en) | 1998-05-15 | 1999-05-15 | Earthski designs tm |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US8000098A | 1998-05-15 | 1998-05-15 | |
| US09/080,000 | 1998-05-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1999059685A1 true WO1999059685A1 (fr) | 1999-11-25 |
Family
ID=22154185
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1999/010858 Ceased WO1999059685A1 (fr) | 1998-05-15 | 1999-05-15 | Dispositif servant a pratiquer le ski sur la terre ferme |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU4309099A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1999059685A1 (fr) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001058542A1 (fr) * | 2000-02-11 | 2001-08-16 | Stipan Saulic | Dispositifs de support |
| FR2816516A1 (fr) | 2000-11-14 | 2002-05-17 | Fabrice Gropaiz | Patin a roues en ligne et a platine amortissante |
| EP1334755A1 (fr) * | 2002-02-08 | 2003-08-13 | Oliver Damm | Amélioration du confort et dynamisation de patins à roulettes |
| GB2407991A (en) * | 2003-11-11 | 2005-05-18 | David Gordon Gemmell | Attachments for snowsports footwear |
| FR3010638A1 (fr) * | 2013-09-18 | 2015-03-20 | Malik Ouahrani | Paire de patins electriques a quatre roues rechargeables et transportables avec equipement de securite |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4363492A (en) * | 1979-03-08 | 1982-12-14 | Arne Eriksson | Roller ski for training long distance skiing |
| US4700958A (en) * | 1985-05-15 | 1987-10-20 | Alberto Volpato | Device apt to permit skiing on snowless ground |
| US5125687A (en) * | 1991-02-27 | 1992-06-30 | Hwang Sun Ik | Rollerboard for road-skiing |
| US5346231A (en) * | 1993-01-27 | 1994-09-13 | Diana Ho | Skate construction with pre-set buffering, shock-absorbing and the topography compliance functions |
| US5630891A (en) * | 1994-12-12 | 1997-05-20 | The Hyper Corporation | Pneumatic in-line skate wheel |
| US5704617A (en) * | 1995-05-31 | 1998-01-06 | 99 Innovations, Inc. | In-line skate brake |
| US5926857A (en) * | 1995-06-01 | 1999-07-27 | Blondeau; Jean-Yves | Armor with rollers |
-
1999
- 1999-05-15 AU AU43090/99A patent/AU4309099A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-05-15 WO PCT/US1999/010858 patent/WO1999059685A1/fr not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4363492A (en) * | 1979-03-08 | 1982-12-14 | Arne Eriksson | Roller ski for training long distance skiing |
| US4700958A (en) * | 1985-05-15 | 1987-10-20 | Alberto Volpato | Device apt to permit skiing on snowless ground |
| US5125687A (en) * | 1991-02-27 | 1992-06-30 | Hwang Sun Ik | Rollerboard for road-skiing |
| US5346231A (en) * | 1993-01-27 | 1994-09-13 | Diana Ho | Skate construction with pre-set buffering, shock-absorbing and the topography compliance functions |
| US5630891A (en) * | 1994-12-12 | 1997-05-20 | The Hyper Corporation | Pneumatic in-line skate wheel |
| US5704617A (en) * | 1995-05-31 | 1998-01-06 | 99 Innovations, Inc. | In-line skate brake |
| US5926857A (en) * | 1995-06-01 | 1999-07-27 | Blondeau; Jean-Yves | Armor with rollers |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001058542A1 (fr) * | 2000-02-11 | 2001-08-16 | Stipan Saulic | Dispositifs de support |
| FR2816516A1 (fr) | 2000-11-14 | 2002-05-17 | Fabrice Gropaiz | Patin a roues en ligne et a platine amortissante |
| EP1334755A1 (fr) * | 2002-02-08 | 2003-08-13 | Oliver Damm | Amélioration du confort et dynamisation de patins à roulettes |
| GB2407991A (en) * | 2003-11-11 | 2005-05-18 | David Gordon Gemmell | Attachments for snowsports footwear |
| FR3010638A1 (fr) * | 2013-09-18 | 2015-03-20 | Malik Ouahrani | Paire de patins electriques a quatre roues rechargeables et transportables avec equipement de securite |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU4309099A (en) | 1999-12-06 |
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