WO1999059532A1 - Cosmetic composition comprising at least a cellulose ester of such as phthalate, acetophthalate or cellulose acetotrimellitate - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention concerns a cosmetic composition to be applied on keratinous fibres, in particular hair and comprising at least a cellulose ester such as phthalate, acetophthalate or acetotrimellitate in a cosmetically acceptable medium. The invention also concerns a method for treating keratinous fibres using said composition and the use of said cellulose esters for formulating hair styling products such as lacquers, sprays or foams, as agent for coating keratinous fibres and in particular as maintaining and/or fixing agents for the hair, and/or as agent for improving hair resistance to humidity.

Description

 COSMETIC COMPOSITION COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE ESTER OF

CELLULOSE OF THE PHTHALATE, ACETOPHTHALATE OR ACETOTRIMELLITATE TYPE

CELLULOSE

The subject of the invention is a cosmetic composition intended to be applied to keratin fibers, in particular hair and comprising at least one cellulose ester of the phthalate, acetophthalate or acetotrimellitate type in a cosmetically acceptable medium. It also relates to a process for treating keratin fibers using this composition as well as the use of these cellulose esters for the formulation of styling products such as hairsprays, sprays or foams, on the one hand as an agent for coating keratin fibers and in particular as a hair holding and / or fixing agent, and / or on the other hand as an agent improving the resistance of the hairstyle to humidity.

For the purposes of the present invention, the term "keratin fibers" means the hair, the eyelashes and the eyebrows, and more particularly the hair.

Film-forming polymers soluble in aqueous and hydroalcoholic media such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyrrolidone / vinyl acetate copolymers, vinyl acetate / crotonic acid copolymers, anionic or amphoteric acrylic resins and cellulose derivatives are commonly used in styling products.

The most common hair products for fixing hair on the cosmetic market are aerosol or pump spray compositions such as hairsprays, sprays or foams, essentially consisting of a solution, most often alcoholic or hydroalcoholic and of a film-forming polymer soluble in water and in alcohol, such as those mentioned above, in mixture with various cosmetic adjuvants.

In general, the holding of the hairstyle is influenced by the climate and the surrounding atmospheric conditions. Thus, curly hair fixed with a fixing hair product tends to relax in a humid environment. The curls come undone and, against the user's will, the hairstyle can more or less totally lose the shape that was given to it initially.

For a number of years, a particular interest has manifested itself in hair products capable of lastingly fixing the hair whatever the climatic conditions. In particular, it is a question of finding fixing products which can be used in conditions of high relative humidity.

Furthermore, it is sought to reduce the concentrations of volatile compounds at atmospheric pressure called VOCs (Volatile Organic Compound) present in the compositions to be sprayed in the form of an aerosol or a pump bottle. Indeed, the use of alcohol, alone or in mixture with a small amount of water as well as the use of propellants can have certain disadvantages such as increased flammability or nuisance vis-à-vis the 'environment. VOCs are mainly propellants such as hydrocarbons or dimethyl ether (DME) and solvents such as ethanol.

We are therefore looking for film-forming polymers compatible with aqueous or hydroalcoholic media, so as to reduce the content of volatile organic compounds released.

Finally, many compositions for maintaining and / or shaping the hair of the prior art contain in their formulation styling polymers leading to difficult disentangling. In addition, hair treated with these same fixing polymers is generally coarse, has an unnatural feel and provides a powdering effect after combing giving an unpleasant and unattractive appearance to the hair.

So we are looking for cosmetic compositions for maintaining and / or fixing the hairstyle also providing good disentangling properties, softness and giving a beautiful appearance to the hair of the user. The objective of the invention is to find film-forming polymers for producing cosmetic compositions intended to be applied to keratin fibers, in particular the hair, which make it possible to remedy the drawbacks listed above.

However, surprisingly and unexpectedly, the Applicant has discovered that certain cellulose esters made it possible to remedy the technical problems mentioned above.

Indeed, the Applicant has discovered a new family of film-forming polymers making it possible to produce styling products having good fixing properties and good cosmetic properties such as softness, disentangling and the absence of dusting.

In addition, these particular cellulose esters unexpectedly make it possible to improve the humidity resistance of the hairstyle obtained with fixing and / or holding compositions based on conventional film-forming polymers.

On the other hand, these same cellulose esters are perfectly compatible in formulations packaged in an aerosol or in a pump bottle, and are more particularly suitable for compositions with reduced volatile organic compound contents.

The invention therefore provides a cosmetic composition intended to be applied to keratin fibers and comprising, in a cosmetically acceptable medium, at least one cellulose ester whose basic repeating unit has the general formula (I)

dans laquelle les groupements R, identiques ou différents, représentent un substituant choisi dans le groupe comprenant -H; les alkyles et les hydroxyalkyles;

in which the groups R, which are identical or different, represent a substituent chosen from the group comprising -H; alkyls and hydroxyalkyls;

alkyl denoting a saturated linear or branched radical containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms;

at least one of these groups R being chosen from the group comprising

Another object of the present invention relates to the use of these cellulose esters in the formulation of hair compositions as a coating agent for keratin fibers, in particular as a hair holding and / or fixing agent, or as an auxiliary agent in and for the preparation of hair compositions.

For the purposes of the present invention, the term "auxiliary agent" means an agent which is the accessory of film-forming polymers for the achievement of the desired effects of maintaining and / or fixing the hairstyle.

Yet another object of the present invention relates to a method of cosmetic treatment of the hair which uses these cellulose esters.

According to a preferred embodiment of the compositions according to the invention, the group R is chosen from the group comprising -H,

In this case, the cellulose ester is advantageously cellulose acetophthalate. According to another preferred embodiment of the compositions according to the invention, the group R is chosen from the group comprising -H,

In this case, the cellulose ester is advantageously cellulose acetotrimellitate.

According to yet another particular embodiment of the compositions in accordance with the invention, the group R is chosen from the group comprising -H; CH ₃

In this case, the cellulose ester is advantageously hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose phthalate. In general, the compositions according to the invention are used for hair applications, and more particularly, they are intended for maintaining and / or fixing the hair. Preferably, they are in the form of gels, lotions, mousses, hairsprays or styling sprays.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cosmetic compositions in accordance with the invention further comprise at least one other film-forming polymer.

According to the invention, any film-forming polymer known per se can be used. It is possible to use, in particular, a film-forming polymer chosen from cationic, anionic, amphoteric, nonionic polymers and their mixtures.

Another object of the invention is therefore the use of cellulose esters of formula (I) in and for the manufacture of hair compositions as agents improving the behavior of the hairstyle in ambient humidity.

The cationic film-forming polymers which can be used according to the present invention are preferably chosen from polymers comprising primary, secondary, tertiary and / or quaternary amine groups forming part of the polymer chain or directly linked to it, and having a molecular weight of between 500 and around 5,000,000 and preferably between 1,000 and 3,000,000.

Among these polymers, there may be mentioned more particularly the following cationic polymers:

dans lesquelles:(1) homopolymers or copolymers derived from acrylic or methacrylic esters or amides and comprising at least one of the units of the following formulas:

in which:

R3 denotes a hydrogen atom or a CH3 radical;

A is a linear or branched alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a hydroxyalkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms;

R4, R5, R6 _> identical or different, represent an alkyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms or a benzyl radical;

R <1 and R2 represent hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; X denotes a methosulfate anion or a halide such as chloride or bromide.

The copolymers of family (1) additionally contain one or more units deriving from comonomers which can be chosen from the family of acrylamides, methacrylamides, diacetones, acrylamides, acrylamides and methacrylamides substituted on nitrogen by lower alkyls, acrylic or methacrylic acids or their esters, vinyllactams such as vinylpyrrolidone or vinylcaprolactam, vinyl esters.

Thus, among these copolymers of the family (1), there may be mentioned:

- copolymers of acrylamide and of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized with dimethyl sulphate or with a dimethyl halide such as that sold under the name HERCOFLOC by the company HERCULES,

the copolymers of acrylamide and of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride described for example in patent application EP-A-080976 and sold under the name BINA QUAT P 100 by the company CIBA GEIGY, the copolymer of acrylamide and methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium ammonium methosulfate sold under the name RETEN by the company Hercules,

- vinyipyrrolidone / acrylate or methacrylate of dialkylaminoalkyl, quaternized or not, such as the products sold under the name "GAFQUAT" by the company ISP, for example "GAFQUAT 734" or "GAFQUAT 755" or else the products called "COPOLYMER 845, 958 and 937 ". These polymers are described in detail in French patents 2,077,143 and 2,393,573,

- dimethyl amino ethyl methacrylate / vinylcaprolactam / vinyipyrrolidone terpolymers such as the product sold under the name GAFFIX VC 713 by the company ISP,

- And the vinyipyrrolidone / methacrylamide dimethylaminopropyl quaternized copolymer such as the product sold under the name "GAFQUAT HS 100" by the company ISP.

(2) the quaternized polysaccharides described more particularly in US patents 3,589,578 and 4,031,307 such as guar gums containing cationic trialkylammonium groups.

Such products are marketed in particular under the trade names of JAGUAR C13 S, JAGUAR C 15, JAGUAR C 17 by the company MEYHALL.

(3) quaternary copolymers of vinyipyrrolidone and vinylimidazole such as the products sold by BASF under the name Luviquat TFC;

(4) chitosans or their salts; the salts which can be used are in particular the acetate, lactate, glutamate, gluconate or the pyrrolidone carboxylate of chitosan.

Among these compounds, mention may be made of chitosan having a deacetylation rate of 90.5% by weight sold under the name KYTAN BRUT STANDARD by the company ABER TECHNOLOGIES, the chitosan pyrrolidone carboxylate sold under the name KYTAMER PC by the company AMERCHOL.

(5) cationic cellulose derivatives such as cellulose copolymers or cellulose derivatives grafted with a water-soluble monomer comprising a quaternary ammonium, and described in particular in US Pat. No. 4,131,576, such as hydroxyalkyl celluloses, such as hydroxymethyl-, hydroxyethyl- or hydroxypropyl celluloses grafted in particular with a salt of methacryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium, of methacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium, of dimethyl diallylammonium.

The marketed products meeting this definition are more particularly the products sold under the name "CELQUAT L 200" and "CELQUAT H 100" by the National Starch Company.

The anionic film-forming polymers generally used are polymers comprising groups derived from carboxylic, sulfonic or phosphoric acid and have a molecular weight of between approximately 500 and 5,000,000.

1) The carboxylic groups are provided by mono or unsaturated dicarboxylic acid monomers such as those corresponding to the formula:

in which n is an integer from 0 to 10, Ai denotes a methylene group, optionally linked to the carbon atom of the unsaturated group or to the neighboring methylene group when n is greater than 1 via a heteroatom such as oxygen or sulfur, R7 denotes a hydrogen atom, a phenyl or benzyl group, R3 denotes a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl or carboxyl group, Rg denotes a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a -CH2 group -COOH, phenyl or benzyl;

In the above formula a lower alkyl radical preferably denotes a group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and in particular, methyl and ethyl. The anionic film-forming polymers with carboxylic groups preferred according to the invention are:

A) Homo- or copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid or their salts and in particular the products sold under the names VERSICOL E or K by the company ALLIED COLLOID and ULTRAHOLD by the company BASF. The copolymers of acrylic acid and of acrylamide sold in the form of their sodium salt under the names RETEN 421, 423 or 425 by the company Hercules, the sodium salts of polyhydroxycarboxylic acids.

B) Copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acids with a monoethylenic monomer such as ethylene, styrene, vinyl esters, esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid, optionally grafted on a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol and optionally crosslinked. Such polymers are described in particular in French patent 1,222,944 and German application 2,330,956, copolymers of this type comprising in their chain an optionally N-alkylated and / or hydroxyalkylated acrylamide unit as described in particular in the applications for Luxembourg patents 75370 and 75371 or offered under the name QUADRAMER by the company AMERICAN CYANAMID. The copolymers of acrylic acid and alkyl methacrylate may also be mentioned in C _j - C4 and terpolymers of vinylpyrrolidone, of acrylic acid-alkyl methacrylate C1 -C20 F ^or example lauryl such as that sold by the company ISP under the name ACRYLIDONE LM and the methacrylic acid / ethyl acrylate / tert-butyl acrylate terpolymers such as the product sold under the name LUVIMER 100 P by the company BASF.

C) copolymers derived from crotonic acid such as those comprising in their chain vinyl acetate or propionate units and optionally other monomers such as allyl or methallyl esters, vinyl ether or vinyl ester of a linear or branched saturated carboxylic acid with a long hydrocarbon chain such as those containing at least 5 carbon atoms, these polymers possibly being able to be grafted and crosslinked or else a vinyl, allylic or methallylic ester of an α- or β-cyclic carboxylic acid. Such polymers are described inter alia in French patents 1,222,944, 1,580,545, 2,265,782, 2,265,781, 1.564 _. 110 and 2,439,798. Commercial products falling into this class are resins 28-29-30, 26-13-14 and 28-13-10 sold by the company NATIONAL STARCH.

D) copolymers derived from C ₄ -C _mon monounsaturated carboxylic acids or anhydrides chosen from: - copolymers comprising (i) one or more maleic, fumaric, itaconic acids or anhydrides and (ii) at least one monomer chosen among vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, vinyl halides, phenylvinyl derivatives, acrylic acid and its esters, the anhydride functions of these copolymers being optionally monoesterified or monoamidified. ; Such polymers are described in particular in US patents 2,047,398, 2,723,248, 2,102,113, GB patent 839,805 and in particular those sold under the names GANTREZ AN or ES by the company ISP.

- the copolymers comprising (i) one or more maleic, citraconic, itaconic anhydrides and (ii) one or more monomers chosen from allyl or methallyl esters optionally comprising one or more acrylamide, methacrylamide, α-olefin groups, acrylic or methacrylic esters, acrylic or methacrylic or vinyipyrrolidone acids in their chain, the anhydride functions of these copolymers being optionally monoesterified or monoamidified.

These polymers are for example described in French patents 2,350,384 and

2,357,241 by the plaintiff.

E) polyacrylamides containing carboxylate groups.

The polymers comprising the sulfonic groups are polymers comprising vinylsulfonic, styrene sulfonic, naphthalene sulfonic or acrylamido alkylsulfonic units.

These polymers can in particular be chosen from: - the salts of polyvinylsulfonic acid having a molecular weight of between approximately 1,000 and 100,000 as well as copolymers with an unsaturated comonomer such as acrylic or methacrylic acids and their esters as well as acrylamide or its derivatives, vinyl ethers and the vinyipyrrolidone.

the salts of polystyrene sulfonic acid the sodium salts having a molecular weight of approximately 500,000 and approximately 100,000 sold respectively under the names Flexan 500 and Flexan 130 by National Starch. These compounds are described in patent FR 2,198,719.

- The salts of polyacrylamide sulfonic acids those mentioned in US Pat. No. 4,128,631 and more particularly polyacrylamidoethylpropane sulfonic acid sold under the name COSMEDIA POLYMER HSP 1180 by Henkel.

According to the invention, the anionic film-forming polymers are preferably chosen from acrylic acid copolymers such as the acrylic acid / ethyl acrylate / N-tert-butylacrylamide terpolymer sold under the name ULTRAHOLD STRONG by the company BASF, the copolymers derived from crotonic acid such as the vinyl acetate / vinyl tert-butyl benzoate / crotonic acid terpolymers and the crotonic acid / vinyl acetate / vinyl neododecanoate terpolymers sold under the name Resin 28-29-30 by the company National Starch, polymers derived from maleic, fumaric or itaconic acids or anhydrides with vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, vinyl halides, phenylvinyl derivatives, acrylic acid and its esters such as the methyl ester / maleic anhydrous mono-vinyl copolymer sold under the name GANTREZ ES 425 by the company ISP, methacryli acid copolymers and methyl methacrylate sold under the name EUDRAGIT L by the company ROHM PHARMA, the copolymer of methacrylic acid and ethyl acrylate sold under the name LUVIMER MAEX or MAE by the company BASF, the vinyl acetate / crotonic acid sold under the name LUVISET CA 66 by the company BASF and the vinyl acetate / crotonic acid copolymer grafted with polyethylene glycol under the name ARISTOFLEX A by the company BASF. The most particularly preferred anionic film-forming polymers are chosen from the methyl ester / maleic anhydride mono esterified copolymer sold under the name GANTREZ ES 425 by the company ISP, the acrylic acid / ethyl acrylate / N-tertiobutylacrylamide terpolymer sold under the name ULTRAHOLD STRONG by the company BASF, the copolymers of methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate sold under the name EUDRAGIT L by the company ROHM PHARMA, the vinyl acetate / tert-butyl vinyl benzoate / crotonic acid terpolymers and the crotonic acid / acetate terpolymers of vinyl / vinyl neododecanoate sold under the name Resin 28-29-30 by the company NATIONAL STARCH, the copolymer of methacrylic acid and ethyl acrylate sold under the name LUVIMER MAEX OR MAE by the company BASF, the terpolymer vinyipyrrolidone / acrylic acid / lauryl methacrylate sold n / a us the name ACRYLIDONE LM by the company ISP.

The amphoteric film-forming polymers which can be used in accordance with the invention can be chosen from polymers comprising units B and C distributed statistically in the polymer chain where B denotes a unit deriving from a monomer comprising at least one basic nitrogen atom and C denotes a unit deriving from an acidic monomer comprising one or more carboxylic or sulphonic groups or else B and C can denote groups deriving from zwitterionic monomers of carboxybetaines or of sulphobetaines;

B and C can also denote a cationic polymer chain comprising primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary amine groups, in which at least one of the amine groups carries a carboxylic or sulphonic group linked via a hydrocarbon radical or else B and C are part of a chain of a polymer containing an ethylene α, β-dicarboxylic unit, one of the carboxyl groups of which has been reacted with a polyamine comprising one or more primary or secondary amine groups.

The amphoteric film-forming polymers corresponding to the definition given above which are more particularly preferred are chosen from the following polymers: 1) the polymers resulting from the copolymerization of a monomer derived from a vinyl compound carrying a carboxylic group such as more particularly acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, alpha-chloroacrylic acid, and d 'a basic monomer derived from a substituted vinyl compound containing at least one basic atom such as more particularly the dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylate and acrylate, the dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylamide and acrylamide. Such compounds are described in US Patent 3,836,537.

(2) polymers comprising units derived from: a) at least one monomer chosen from acrylamides or methacrylamides substituted on nitrogen by an alkyl radical, b) from at least one acidic comonomer containing one or more carboxylic groups reactants, and c) at least one basic comonomer such as esters with primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary amine substituents of acrylic and methacrylic acids and the quaternization product of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate with dimethyl or diethyl sulfate.

The N-substituted acrylamides or methacrylamides which are more particularly preferred according to the invention are groups whose alkyl radicals contain from 2 to 12 carbon atoms and more particularly N-ethylacryiamide, N-tertiobutyl acrylamide, N-tertiooctyl acrylamide, N-octylacrylamide, N-decylacrylamide, N-dodecylacrylamide and the corresponding methacrylamides. The acid comonomers are chosen more particularly from acrylic, methacrylic, crotonic, itaconic, maleic, fumaric acids as well as alkyl monoesters having 1 to 4 carbon atoms of maleic or fumaric acids or anhydrides.

The preferred basic comonomers are aminoethyl, butyl aminoethyl, N, N'-dimethylaminoethyl, N-tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylates. Copolymers are particularly used whose name CTFA (4th Ed., 1991) is Octylacrylamide / acrylates / butylaminoethylmethacrylate copolymer such as the products sold under the name AMPHOMER or LOVOCRYL 47 by the company NATIONAL STARCH. (3) crosslinked and alkylated polyamino amides partially or totally derived from polyaminoamides of general formula:

—Eco - R _ΓO - co - z-3— C " ⁾

in which Rio represents a divalent radical derived from a saturated dicarboxylic acid, from a mono or dicarboxylic acid with ethylene double bond, from an ester of a lower alkanol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms of these acids or a radical derived from the addition of any one of said acids with a primary bis or secondary bis amino, and Z denotes a radical of a bis-primary, mono or bis-secondary polyalkylene polyamine and preferably represents: a) in the proportions of 60 to 100 mol%, the radical

où x=2 et p=2 ou 3, ou bien x=3 et p=2 ce radical dérivant de la diéthylène triamine, de la triéthylène tétraamine ou de la dipropylène triamine; b) dans les proportions de 0 à 40 moles % le radical (IV) ci-dessus, dans lequel x=2 et p=1 et qui dérive de l'éthylènediamine, ou le radical dérivant de la pipérazine :

where x = 2 and p = 2 or 3, or else x = 3 and p = 2 this radical deriving from diethylene triamine, triethylene tetraamine or dipropylene triamine; b) in the proportions of 0 to 40 mol% the radical (IV) above, in which x = 2 and p = 1 and which derives from ethylenediamine, or the radical deriving from piperazine:

/ \ N N

\ / c) in the proportions of 0 to 20 mole% of the radical -NH- (CH2) 6-NH- deriving from hexamethylenediamine, these polyaminoamines being crosslinked by addition of a bifunctional crosslinking agent chosen from epihalohydhns, diepoxides , dianhydrides, bis unsaturated derivatives, using 0.025 to 0.35 mole of crosslinking agent by amino group of polyaminoamide and alkylated by the action of acrylic acid, chloracetic acid or an alkane sultone or their salts .

The saturated carboxylic acids are preferably chosen from acids having 6 to 10 carbon atoms such as adipic, trimethyl-2,2,4-adipic acid and trimethyl-2,4,4-adipic, terephthalic acid, ethylenic double bond such as for example acrylic, methacrylic, itaconic acids. The alkane sultones used in the alkylation are preferably propane or butane sultone, the salts of the alkylating agents are preferably the sodium or potassium salts.

(4) polymers comprising zwitterionic units of formula:

dans laquelle R-_| i désigne un groupement insaturé polymérisable tel qu'un groupement acrylate, méthacrylate, acrylamide ou methacrylamide, y et z représente un nombre entier de 1 à 3, R-| 2 et R13 représentent un atome d'hydrogène, méthyle, éthyle ou propyle, R-14 et R-15 représentent un atome d'hydrogène ou un radical alkyle de telle façon que la somme des atomes de carbone dans R-14 et R15 ne dépasse pas 10.

in which R- _| i denotes a polymerizable unsaturated group such as an acrylate, methacrylate, acrylamide or methacrylamide group, y and z represents an integer from 1 to 3, R- | 2 and R13 represent a hydrogen atom, methyl, ethyl or propyl, R-14 and R-15 represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical in such a way that the sum of the carbon atoms in R-14 and R15 does not not exceed 10.

The polymers comprising such units may also contain units derived from non-zwitterionic monomers such as dimethyl or diethylaminoethyl acrylate or methacrylate or alkyl acrylates or methacrylates, acrylamides or methacrylamides or vinyl acetate.

By way of example, there may be mentioned the copolymer of methyl methacrylate / dimethyl carboxymethylammonio ethyl methacrylate such as the product sold under the name DIAFORMER Z301 by the company SANDOZ.

(5) polymers derived from chitosan containing monomer units corresponding to the following formulas:

le motif D étant présent dans des proportions comprises entre 0 et 30%, le motif E dans des proportions comprises entre 5 et 50% et le motif F dans des proportions comprises entre 30 et 90%, étant entendu que dans ce motif F, R_i6 représente un radical de formule :

the pattern D being present in proportions of between 0 and 30%, the pattern E in proportions of between 5 and 50% and the pattern F in proportions of between 30 and 90%, it being understood that in this motif F, R _i6 represents a radical of formula:

dans laquelle si q=0, R17, R-| 8 et R-] g, identiques ou différents, représentent chacun un atome d'hydrogène, un reste méthyle, hydroxyle, acétoxy ou amino, un reste monoalcoylamine ou un reste dialcoylamine éventuellement interrompus par un ou plusieurs atomes d'azote et/ou éventuellement substitués par un ou plusieurs groupes aminé, hydroxyle, carboxyle, alcolylthio, sulfonique, un reste alcoylthio dont le groupe alcoyle porte un reste amino, l'un au moins des radicaux R^j, R13 et R-j g étant dans ce cas un atome d'hydrogène ; ou si q=1 , R-17, Ri s e R-| g représentent chacun un atome d'hydrogène, ainsi que les sels formés par ces composés avec des bases ou des acides.

in which if q = 0, R17, R- | 8 and R-] g, identical or different, each represent a hydrogen atom, a methyl, hydroxyl, acetoxy or amino residue, a monoalkylamine residue or a dialkoylamine residue optionally interrupted by one or more nitrogen atoms and / or optionally substituted by one or more amino, hydroxyl, carboxyl, alcolylthio, sulfonic groups, an alkylthio residue in which the alkyl group carries an amino residue, at least one of the radicals R ^ j, R13 and Rj g being in this case an atom d 'hydrogen; or if q = 1, R-17, Ri se R- | g each represents a hydrogen atom, as well as the salts formed by these compounds with bases or acids.

(6) Polymers derived from the N-carboxyalkylation of chitosan such as N-carboxymethyl chitosan or N-carboxybutyl chitosan sold under the name "EVALSAN" by the company JAN DEKKER.

(7) The polymers corresponding to the general formula (VI), for example described in French patent 1,400,366:

dans laquelle R20 représente un atome d'hydrogène, un radical CH3O, CH3CH2O, phényle, R2 désigne l'hydrogène ou un radical alkyle inférieur tel que méthyle, éthyle, R22 désigne l'hydrogène ou un radical alkyle inférieur tel que méthyle, éthyle, R23 désigne un radical alkyle inférieur tel que méthyle, éthyle ou un radical répondant à la formule -R24-N(R22)2. ^R24 représentant un groupement -CH2-CH2- ,

in which R20 represents a hydrogen atom, a CH3O radical, CH3CH2O, phenyl, R2 denotes hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical such as methyl, ethyl, R22 denotes hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical such as methyl, ethyl, R23 denotes a lower alkyl radical such as methyl, ethyl or a radical corresponding to the formula -R24-N (R22) 2. ^R 24 representing a group -CH2-CH2-,

-CH2-CH2-CH2-, -CH2-CH (CH3) -, R22 having ^the meanings mentioned above, as well as the higher homologs of these radicals and containing up to 6 carbon atoms.

(8) Amphoteric polymers of the type -D-X-D-X- chosen from: a) the polymers obtained by the action of chloracetic acid or sodium chloroacetate on the compounds comprising at least one unit of formula:

-D-X-D-X-D- (VII)

where D denotes a radical

/ \ N N

\ and X denote the symbol E or E ', E or E', which are identical or different, denote a bivalent radical which is an alkylene radical with a straight or branched chain containing up to 7 carbon atoms in the main chain which is unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxyl groups and which may also contain oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur atoms, 1 to 3 aromatic and / or heterocyclic rings; the oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur atoms being present in the form of ether, thioether, sulfoxide, sulfone, sulfonium, alkylamine, alkenylamine groups, hydroxyl groups, benzylamine, amine oxide, quaternary ammonium, amide, imide, alcohol, ester and / or urethane. b) The polymers of formula:

-D-X-D-X- (VII ') where D denotes a radical

/ \

-N N-

\ / and X denotes the symbol E or E 'and at least once E'; E having the meaning indicated above and E ¹ is a bivalent radical which is a straight or branched chain alkylene radical having up to 7 carbon atoms in the main chain, substituted or not by one or more hydroxyl radicals and comprising one or more nitrogen atoms, the nitrogen atom being substituted by an alkyl chain optionally interrupted by an oxygen atom and necessarily comprising one or more carboxyl functions or one or several hydroxyl and betaine functions by reaction with chloracetic acid or sodium chloroacetate.

(9) (C 1 -C 5) alkyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymers partially modified by semiamidification with an N, N-dialkylaminoalkylamine such as

N, N-dimethylaminopropylamine or by semiesterification with an N, N-dialcanolamine.

These copolymers can also contain other vinyl comonomers such as vinylcaprolactam.

The amphoteric film-forming polymers which are particularly preferred according to the invention are those of the family (3) such as the copolymers whose name CTFA is Octylacrylamide / acrylates / butylaminoethylmethacrylate copolymer such as the products sold under the names AMPHOMER, AMHOMER LV 71 or LOVOCRYL 47 by the company NATIONAL STARCH and those of the family (4) such as the copolymers of methyl methacrylate / dimethyl carboxymethylammonio ethyl methylmethacrylate, for example sold under the name DIAFORMER Z301 by the company SANDOZ.

The nonionic film-forming polymers which can be used according to the present invention are chosen, for example, from:

- homopolymers of vinyipyrrolidone;

- copolymers of vinyipyrrolidone and vinyl acetate; - polyalkyloxazolines such as the polyethyloxazolines offered by the company DOW CHEMICAL under the names PEOX 50,000, PEOX 200,000 and PEOX 500,000;

- vinyl acetate homopolymers such as the product offered under the name of APPRETAN EM by the company HOECHST or the product offered under the name of RHODOPAS A 012 by the company RHONE POULENC;

- copolymers of vinyl acetate and of acrylic ester such as the product offered under the name RHODOPAS AD 310 from RHONE POULENC; - copolymers of vinyl acetate and ethylene such as the product offered under the name of APPRETAN TV by the company HOECHST;

- copolymers of vinyl acetate and of maleic ester, for example of dibutyl maleate such as the product offered under the name of APPRETAN MB EXTRA by the company HOECHST;

- copolymers of polyethylene and maleic anhydride;

- the homopolymers of alkyl acrylates and the homopolymers of alkyl methacrylates such as the product offered under the name MICROPEARL RQ 750 by the company MATSUMOTO or the product offered under the name LUHYDRAN A 848 S by the company BASF;

- copolymers of acrylic esters such as, for example, copolymers of alkyl acrylates and alkyl methacrylates such as the products offered by the company ROHM & HAAS under the names PRIMAL AC-261 K and EUDRAGIT NE 30 D, by the BASF under the names ACRONAL 601, LUHYDRAN LR 8833 or 8845, by the company HOECHST under the names APPRETAN N 9213 or N9212;

- copolymers of acrylonitrile and of a nonionic monomer chosen, for example, from butadiene and alkyl (meth) acrylates; we can cite the products offered under the names NIPOL LX 531 B by the company NIPPON ZEON or those offered under the name CJ 0601 B by the company ROHM &HAAS; - polyurethanes such as the products offered under the names ACRYSOL RM 1020 or ACRYSOL RM 2020 by the company ROHM & HAAS, the products URAFLEX XP 401 UZ, URAFLEX XP 402 UZ by the company DSM RESINS;

- copolymers of alkyl acrylate and urethane such as the product 8538-33 by the company NATIONAL STARCH; - polyamides such as the product ESTAPOR LO 11 offered by the company RHONE POULENC.

- chemically modified or unmodified nonionic guar gums.

Unmodified non-ionic guar gums are for example the products sold under the name VIDOGUM GH 175 by the company UNIPECTINE and under the name JAGUAR C by the company MEYHALL.

The modified nonionic guar gums which can be used according to the invention are preferably modified by C 1 -C 6 hydroxyalkyl groups. by way of example, the hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl and hydroxybutyl groups.

These guar gums are well known in the state of the art and can for example be prepared by reacting corresponding alken oxides, such as for example propylene oxides, with guar gum so as to obtain a gum of guar modified by hydroxypropyl groups.

Such nonionic guar gums optionally modified with hydroxyalkyl groups are for example sold under the trade names JAGUAR HP8, JAGUAR HP60 and JAGUAR HP120, JAGUAR DC 293 and JAGUAR HP 105 by the company MEYHALL, or under the name GALACTASOL 4H4FD2 the AQUALON company.

The alkyl radicals of nonionic polymers have from 1 to 6 carbon atoms unless otherwise stated.

According to the invention, it is also possible to use film-forming polymers of the grafted silicone type comprising a polysiloxane portion and a portion consisting of a non-silicone organic chain, one of the two portions constituting the main chain of the polymer the other being grafted on the said main channel. These polymers are for example described in patent applications EP-A-0412 704, EP-A-0 412 707, EP-A-0 640 105 and WO 95/00578, EP-A-0582 152 and WO 93/23009 and US patents 4,693,935, US 4,728,571 and US 4,972,037. These polymers are preferably anionic or nonionic.

Such polymers are, for example, the copolymers capable of being obtained by radical polymerization from the mixture of monomers consisting of: a) 50 to 90% by weight of tert-butyl acrylate; b) 0 to 40% by weight of acrylic acid; c) 5 to 40% by weight of silicone macromer of formula: (CH 2 '3 - CH,

avec v étant un nombre allant de 5 à 700 ; les pourcentages en poids étant calculés par rapport au poids total des monomères.

with v being a number ranging from 5 to 700; the weight percentages being calculated relative to the total weight of the monomers.

Other examples of grafted silicone polymers are in particular polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) onto which are grafted, via a thiopropylene-type connecting link, mixed polymer units of the poly (meth) acrylic acid type and of the poly type. alkyl (meth) acrylate and polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) onto which are grafted, via a thiopropylene-type connecting link, polymeric units of the isobutyl poly (meth) acrylate type.

Polyurethanes can also be used as film-forming polymers.

The film-forming polymer (s) are, for example, present in concentrations of between 0.01% and 15% by weight, and preferably in concentrations of between 0.1% and 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

The cellulose ester (s) may be present in concentrations of between 0.1% and 15% by weight, and preferably in concentrations of between 0.5% and 10% by weight.

The cosmetically acceptable medium preferably consists of water or a mixture of water and cosmetically acceptable solvents such as monoalcohols, polyalcohols, glycol ethers or fatty acid esters, which can be used alone or in mixture. These solvents are preferably C -C ₄ alcohols.

Among these alcohols, mention may be made of ethanol, isopropanol, polyalcohols such as diethylene glycol, glycol ethers, such as glycol monoalkyl ethers, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol or dipropylene glycol. Ethanol is particularly preferred.

The composition of the invention may also contain at least one additive chosen from thickeners, fatty acid esters, fatty acid and glycerol esters, volatile or non-volatile silicone modified or not, soluble or insoluble in composition, surfactants, perfumes, preservatives, sunscreens, proteins, vitamins, polymers, vegetable, animal, mineral or synthetic oils and any other additive conventionally used in cosmetic compositions intended to be applied to fibers keratinous.

These additives are optionally present in the composition according to the invention in proportions which can range, advantageously, from 0.001 to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. The precise amount of each additive depends on its nature and is easily determined by those skilled in the art.

Of course, those skilled in the art will take care to choose the optional compound (s) to be added to the composition according to the invention in such a way that the advantageous properties intrinsically attached to the composition according to the invention are not, or substantially not, altered by the proposed addition.

Thus, the keratin fibers treated with the compositions according to the invention have a pleasant feel and appearance and the film-forming power of the composition is improved at high humidity.

These compositions can be packaged in various forms, in particular in pump dispensers or in aerosol containers, in order to ensure application of the composition in vaporized form or in the form of foam. Such forms of packaging are indicated, for example, when it is desired to obtain a spray, a lacquer or a foam for fixing or treating the hair.

When the composition according to the invention is packaged in the form of an aerosol in order to obtain a lacquer or a foam, it comprises at least one propellant which can be chosen from volatile hydrocarbons such as n-butane, propane, isobutane, pentane, a chlorinated and / or fluorinated hydrocarbon and their mixtures. Carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, dimethyl ether (DME), nitrogen, compressed air and mixtures thereof can also be used as a propellant.

Advantageously, the propellant is present at a concentration between 5 and 90% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition in the aerosol device and, more particularly, at a concentration between 10 and 60%.

The subject of the invention is also a process for the cosmetic treatment of keratin fibers such as the hair, consisting in applying to them a composition as defined above.

The preparation of the compositions according to the invention is carried out according to methods well known from the state of the art. In particular, the ingredients are mixed and then packaged in an appropriate container according to the intended use.

The composition according to the invention is advantageously a hair product for maintaining and / or shaping the hair.

The invention will now be more fully illustrated with the aid of the following examples which should not be considered as limiting it to the embodiments described.

In what follows MA stands for Active Material and the polymers listed below are used: Synthalen K Carbomer crosslinked acrylic acid homopolymer sold by

3V

Gantrez ES 425 Methylvinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymer monoesterification marketed by the ISP Company

Celquat L200 Cationic cellulose derivative sold by the National Starch Company

Diaformer Z 301 Methyl methacrylate / dimethylcarboxymethylammonioethyl-methyl methacrylate copolymer sold by the company Sandoz

HPMCP 50: Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose phthalate sold by the company Eastman Chemical,

Amphomer LV71 Octylacrylamide / acrylates / butylaminoethyl ethyl methacrylate copolymer sold by the National Starch Company

CAB SU 160 Acetate / butyrate / succinate cellulose ester sold by the company Eastman Chemical

CAP Cellulose acetophthalate marketed by Eastman Chemical

CAT Cellulose acetotrimellitate marketed by Eastman Chemical All the percentages are relative percentages by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

EXAMPLE 1 (Comparative in lacquer):

The following two styling compositions A and B were prepared and their cosmetic performance was measured. Composition A is in accordance with the invention and comprises a cellulose ester corresponding to formula (I) while composition B comprises a conventional fixing polymer alone.

A sensory test is carried out by implementing the protocol below.

The compositions A and B conditioned are sprayed in a pump bottle equipment on locks of 5 grams of natural brown hair. After drying, the lacquering power and the ease of disentangling obtained by each of these compositions is evaluated (panel of five judges). The results are collated in Table 1 below.

TABLE 1

The rating goes from 0 (no lacquering or disentangling power) to 50 (excellent lacquering or untangling power). Composition A according to the present invention has a lacquering power and a disentangling superior to those of composition B according to the prior art which contains a conventional fixing polymer.

EXAMPLE 2 (Comparative in lacquer):

The following two styling compositions A and C were compared. Composition A is in accordance with the invention and comprises a cellulose ester corresponding to formula (I) while composition C comprises a cellulose ester which is not targeted by the present invention. The lacquering power and the disentangling obtained by each of these compositions are measured.

The test is carried out by implementing the following protocol: The compositions A and C are sprayed conditioned in pump bottle equipment on locks of 5 grams of hair sensitized with 20% SA.

After drying, the lacquering power and the powder obtained with each of these compositions are evaluated (panel of five judges).

The results are collated in Table 2 below:

TABLE 2

La composition A conforme à la présente invention présente un pouvoir laquant supérieur à celui de la composition C qui contient un ester de cellulose différent de ceux spécifiquement visés par l'invention. De plus, la composition A poudre moins que la composition C.

Composition A in accordance with the present invention has a lacquering power greater than that of composition C which contains a cellulose ester different from those specifically targeted by the invention. In addition, composition A powder less than composition C.

EXAMPLE 3:

A composition packaged in an aerosol device was prepared. Its composition is as follows:

- Cellulose ester according to the invention 3% MA neutralized by NH ₄ OH - Ethanol 20%

- Water qs 42%

- DME 35%

CAB SU 160 which is a polymer outside the invention is not compatible in this formulation of hydroalcoholic lacquer.

EXAMPLE 4 (lacquer):

An aerosol spray composition containing 80% VOC was prepared with the following composition:

- HPMCP 50 3% in ammonia qs pH = 8

- Water 17% - Ethanol 25%

- DME 55% EXAMPLE 5 (lacquer):

A 55% VOC aerosol spray composition was prepared with the following composition:

- CAT 3% in ammonia qs pH = 8

- Water 42%

- Ethanol 20% - DME 35%

EXAMPLE 6 (lacquer):

An aerosol spray composition of the following composition was prepared:

- HPMCP 55 3% in ammonia qs pH = 8

- Demineralized water 67% - DME 30%

EXAMPLE 7 (lacquer):

A pump bottle spray composition of the following composition was prepared:

- CAP 5% in ammonia qs pH = 8

- Demineralized water 15% - Ethanol 80%

EXAMPLE 8 (lacquer): A pump bottle spray composition of the following composition was prepared:

- HPMCP 50 5% in ammonia qs pH = 8

- Demineralized water 40%

- Ethanol 55%

EXAMPLE 9 (lacquer):

A pump bottle spray composition of the following composition was prepared:

- CAT 5% in ammonia qs pH = 8 - Ethanol at 96 ° qs 100g

EXAMPLE 10 (comparative styling):

The relaxation of curled locks is measured in a humid atmosphere, at a relative humidity rate of 80%. For this, we calculate the percentage of retention of a wick as follows:

% retention = 100 x (L _T -L _F ) / (L _T -L |)

in which:

L _τ represents the total length of the non-looped lock,

L _F represents the final length of the curly lock, that is to say after its stay in humidity, and

Lι represents the initial length of the curly lock, that is to say before its stay in the humidity. Natural strands of 2.5 grams, washed and wrung out, are used, which are treated with 0.7 ml of the test solutions and which are wound on curlers 20 mm in diameter. After drying, the wicks are unwound and suspended in an enclosure regulated at 22 ° C and 80% relative humidity.

The results are collated in Table 3 below.

TABLE 3

It is observed that the compositions in accordance with the invention comprising a cellulose ester associated with a conventional film-forming polymer give rise to a wicking retention power in a humid atmosphere greater than the retention power obtained with a conventional film-forming polymer used alone.

The hair treated with the compositions according to the invention also has good properties of touch, softness and disentangling.

EXAMPLE 11 (styling):

The styling gel of the following composition was prepared - Synthalen K 0.8% MA - CAT 1 -NH ₄ OH qs pH 7.5

- Gantrez ES425 0.1

- Ethanol 10

- Water qs 100g

EXAMPLE 12 (styling):

The styling gel of the following composition was prepared:

- Synthalen K 0.5% MA - HPMCP 50 2

- NH ₄ OH qs pH 8

- Water qs 100g

EXAMPLE 13 (styling):

A brushing atomizer was prepared in a pump bottle with the following composition:

- HPMCP 50 1% MA - NH ₄ OH qs pH = 7

- Water qs 100g

EXAMPLE 14 (styling):

The styling mousse of the following composition was prepared:

- CAT 0.7% MA - NH40H qs pH 6

- Celquat L200 0.5

- Diaformer Z301 0.3 - Water qs 100g

Pressurization:

Active 90g; mixture of butane, propane and isobutane: 10g. EXAMPLE 15 (styling):

The styling mousse of the following composition was prepared: - CAP 2% MA

- AMP qs pH = 8.5

- DC 939 1

- Water qs 100g

Pressurization:

Active 90g; mixture of butane, propane and isobutane: 10g.

Claims

1- Cosmetic composition intended to be applied to keratin fibers, characterized in that it comprises, in a cosmetically acceptable medium, at least one cellulose ester whose basic repeating unit has the general formula (I):

in which the groups R, which are identical or different, represent a substituent chosen from the group comprising -H; alkyl, hydroxyalkyl,

at least one of these groups R being chosen from the group comprising

alkyl denoting a saturated linear or branched radical containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms. 2- Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the group R is chosen from the group comprising -H;

3- Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the group R is chosen from the group comprising -H;

4- Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the group R is chosen from the group comprising -H; CH ₃ CH ₂

- Composition according to claim 2, characterized in that the cellulose ester is cellulose acetophthalate. 6- Composition according to claim 3, characterized in that the cellulose ester is cellulose acetotrimellitate. 7- Composition according to claim 4, characterized in that the cellulose ester is hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose phthalate. 8.- Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises another film-forming polymer. 9- Composition according to claim 8, characterized in that the film-forming polymer is chosen from anionic, cationic, amphoteric, nonionic polymers and their mixtures. 10- Composition according to claim 9, characterized in that the anionic film-forming polymer is chosen from: - polymers comprising carboxylic units derived from mono or unsaturated dicarboxylic acid monomers of formula:

in which n is an integer from 0 to 10, A denotes a methylene group, optionally linked to the carbon atom of the unsaturated group or to the neighboring methylene group when n is greater than 1 via a heteroatom such as oxygen or sulfur, R7 denotes a hydrogen atom, a phenyl or benzyl group, Rs denotes a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl or carboxyl group, Rg denotes a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a -CH2 group -COOH, phenyl or benzyl; - polymers comprising units derived from sulfonic acid such as vinylsulfonic, styrenesulfonic, acrylamido alkylsulfonic units. 11- Composition according to claim 10, characterized in that the anionic film-forming polymer is chosen from: A) homo- or copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid or their salts, copolymers of acrylic acid and acrylamide and their salts, sodium salts of polyhydroxycarboxylic acids; B) copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acids with a monoethylenic monomer such as ethylene, styrene, vinyl esters, esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid, optionally grafted on a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol and optionally crosslinked; copolymers of this type comprising in their chain an acrylamide unit optionally N-alkylated and / or hydroxyalkyl, copolymers of acrylic acid and C-1-C4 alkyl methacrylate; C) copolymers derived from crotonic acid such as those comprising in their chain units vinyl acetate or propionate and optionally other monomers such as allyl or methallyl esters, vinyl ether or vinyl ester of a linear or branched saturated carboxylic acid with a long hydrocarbon chain such as those containing at least 5 carbon atoms, these polymers possibly being able to be grafted and crosslinked; D) copolymers derived from C4-C8 monounsaturated carboxylic acids or anhydrides chosen from: - copolymers comprising (i) one or more maleic, fumaric, itaconic acids or anhydrides and (ii) at least one monomer chosen from vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, vinyl halides, phenylvinyl derivatives, acrylic acid and its esters, the anhydride functions of these copolymers being optionally monoesterified or monoamidified. ; - the copolymers comprising (i) one or more maleic, citraconic, itaconic anhydrides and (ii) one or more monomers chosen from allyl or methallyl esters optionally comprising one or more acrylamide groups, methacrylamide, α-olefin, acrylic or methacrylic esters, acrylic or methacrylic acids or vinyipyrrolidone in their chain, the anhydride functions of these copolymers being optionally monoesterified or monoamidified. E) polyacrylamides containing carboxylate groups. 12- Composition according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the anionic film-forming polymer is chosen from: - acrylic acid copolymers such as the acrylic acid / ethyl acrylate / N-tertiobutyiacrylamide terpolymer; - copolymers derived from crotonic acid such as vinyl acetate / vinyl tert-butyl benzoate / crotonic acid terpolymers and crotonic acid / vinyl acetate / vinyl neododecanoate terpolymers; - polymers derived from maleic, fumaric or itaconic acids or anhydrides with vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, vinyl halides, phenylvinyl derivatives, acrylic acid and its esters such as methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride mono ester copolymers ; - copolymers of methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate; - the copolymer of methacrylic acid and ethyl acrylate; - the vinyl acetate / crotonic acid copolymer; - the vinyl acetate / crotonic acid / polyethylene glycol terpolymer. 13- Composition according to claim 9, characterized in that the amphoteric film-forming polymer is chosen from polymers comprising units derived from: a) at least one monomer chosen from acrylamides or methacrylamides substituted on nitrogen with an alkyl radical , b) at least one acidic comonomer containing one or more reactive carboxylic groups, and c) at least one basic comonomer such as esters with primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary amino substituents of acrylic and methacrylic acids and the quaternization product dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate with dimethyl or diethyl sulfate. 14- Composition according to claim 9, characterized in that the nonionic film-forming polymer is chosen from: - polyalkyloxazoline; - vinyl acetate homopolymers; - copolymers of vinyl acetate and acrylic ester; - copolymers of vinyl acetate and ethylene; - copolymers of vinyl acetate and maleic ester; - copolymers of polyethylene and maleic anhydride; - homopolymers of alkyl acrylates and homopolymers of alkyl methacrylates; - copolymers of acrylic esters such as, for example, copolymers of alkyl acrylates and alkyl methacrylates; - copolymers of acrylonitrile and of a nonionic monomer chosen, for example, from butadiene and alkyl (meth) acrylates; - copolymers of alkyl acrylate and urethane. 15- Composition according to claim 9, characterized in that the cationic film-forming polymer is chosen from: - the copolymer of acrylamide and of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized with dimethyl sulfate, - copolymers of acrylamide and methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, - the copolymer of acrylamide and methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium methosulfate, - vinyipyrrolidone / acrylate or methacrylate of dialkylaminoalkyl quaternized or not, - the dimethylaminoethyl ethyl methacrylate / vinylcaprolactam / vinyipyrrolidone terpolymer, - and the vinyipyrrolidone / quaternized dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide copolymer. 16- Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cellulose ester or esters are present in concentrations of between 0.1 and 15% by weight, and preferably in concentrations of between 0.5 and 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. 17- Composition according to claim 9, characterized in that the or film-forming polymers are present in concentrations between 0.01 and 15% by weight, and preferably in concentrations between 0.1 and 10% by weight relative to the weight total of the composition. 18- Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, packaged in an aerosol device and comprising at least one propellant. 19- Composition according to claim 18, characterized in that the propellant is chosen from the group consisting of volatile hydrocarbons; chlorinated and / or fluorinated hydrocarbons and their mixtures; carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, dimethyl ether, nitrogen, compressed air and their mixtures. 20- Composition according to claim 19, characterized in that the propellant is present in concentrations of between 5% and 90% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition in the aerosol device and more particularly between 10 and 60% . 21- Composition according to claim 19, characterized in that the propellant is dimethyl ether. 22- Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is a hair product for maintaining and / or shaping the hair. 23- Use of the cellulose esters of formula (I) as a coating agent for keratin fibers, in particular as a maintenance and / or fixing agent for hair, or as an auxiliary agent in and for the preparation of hair compositions. 24- Use of the cellulose esters of formula (I) as an agent improving the resistance of the hairstyle to humidity. 25- Use according to claim 27, wherein said cellulose ester is associated with at least one other film-forming polymer. 26- A method of treating a keratinous material such as hair comprising the application thereon of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 22.