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WO1999049472A2 - Procede de gestion de la composition chimique de l'eau - Google Patents

Procede de gestion de la composition chimique de l'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999049472A2
WO1999049472A2 PCT/RU1999/000093 RU9900093W WO9949472A2 WO 1999049472 A2 WO1999049472 A2 WO 1999049472A2 RU 9900093 W RU9900093 W RU 9900093W WO 9949472 A2 WO9949472 A2 WO 9949472A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
aluminum
aluminium
coolant
heat
dosing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/RU1999/000093
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Other versions
WO1999049472A3 (fr
Inventor
Alexandr Fedorovich Chabak
Jury Nikolaevich Aniskin
Vladimir Nikitich Belous
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO1999049472A2 publication Critical patent/WO1999049472A2/fr
Publication of WO1999049472A3 publication Critical patent/WO1999049472A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
    • G21C17/02—Devices or arrangements for monitoring coolant or moderator
    • G21C17/022—Devices or arrangements for monitoring coolant or moderator for monitoring liquid coolants or moderators
    • G21C17/0225—Chemical surface treatment, e.g. corrosion
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
    • C02F1/5245—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • the invention is subject to energy technology (EE), including atomic energy sources and a non-hazardous energy source.
  • EE energy technology
  • the basic appliance provided for in the Chemistry of Energy (EU) is the maintenance of the standard
  • the available method is the development of a radionuclide ⁇ ⁇ and the activation of a single mixture of products in the reaction ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ , ⁇ ) 65 ⁇ .
  • a mixture is used which is leaner than the other. 6 ⁇ edu ⁇ sya ⁇ ab ⁇ y ⁇ vned ⁇ eniyu e ⁇ g ⁇ ⁇ ezhima on ⁇ ES with v ⁇ d ⁇ y ⁇ d dazleniem ( ⁇ ags ⁇ d ⁇ . ⁇ .
  • Luminium favors that its molar concentration in ⁇ e ⁇ l ⁇ n ⁇ si ⁇ ele ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ evyshala m ⁇ lya ⁇ nuyu ⁇ ntsen ⁇ atsiyu dvu ⁇ valen ⁇ n ⁇ g ⁇ iron ⁇ e ⁇ l ⁇ n ⁇ si ⁇ ele P ⁇ e b ⁇ lee than vdv ⁇ e.
  • the aforementioned condition is particularly important to maintain in that case, when a significant part of the iron is supplied to the unit in the form of non-removable aluminum, it is not necessary to disconnect from the metal.
  • the reactive, high-grade aluminum is introduced into the body of the consumer or the consumer. Extraction of aluminum is carried out in the bypass line of the consumer by means of the descent of the carrier through a system that contains aluminum, for example, an aluminum alloy.
  • the commercially available aluminum can be produced by electrochemical smelting of aluminum by two methods.
  • One of them is the method of electric mining. This method is used in the production of aluminum in the area of low temperature and a sufficiently high elec- tricity of water.
  • the other method is the mining of aluminum, which is produced as a result of aluminum alloys production. This method is used in the temperature range of 200 ° ⁇ .
  • the unit for the production of food ensures the normal concentration of aluminum in water supplied to the plant, up to 1.0 mg / kg.
  • a type that may be used may be 2 .
  • both ⁇ 0 2 , and ⁇ _. ⁇ YU 2 may be used.
  • the introduction of aluminates to the installation, which works with a neutral ⁇ , is associated with an increase in ⁇ , which in turn contributes to an increase in the rate of corruption of the disease.
  • the introduction of aluminum hydroxide is also obtained by calculating the aluminum salts on the anion, in particular such salt
  • An alternative method of maintaining ⁇ with the addition of aluminum is the preliminary seat to the internal protective circuits of the aluminum fuse.
  • the manufacturability of the resulting aluminates is significantly higher than the solubility of the plants.
  • the purchased forms of aluminates do not practically participate in the process of developing services for the consumer and the active zone. This contributes to a higher concentration of products at a higher level, which helps to increase the efficiency of bypass.
  • the main reason for the alumina production is the presence of aluminum hydroxide in the presence of amperous substances, which inhibits the environment from increasing the temperature to 250 ° C.
  • aluminates significantly affects the rate of the formation of ferrous hydroxide due to the decrease in the concentration of ferrous hydroxide.
  • the concentration of aluminum is lower than the concentration of divalent metals.
  • the value of the p-value of the carrier does not change.
  • a change in ⁇ is observed only with an increase in the concentration of aluminum over the concentration of divalent metals, and for aluminum concentrations up to 0.5 mg / l, the changes in ⁇ are insignificant.
  • a portable unit including the following elements: generators for converting with replaceable electrolytes, using aluminum to consume aluminum power cell with 8
  • the separate product had the following indicators: elec- tricity, ⁇ C cm / cm 100 ⁇ 10
  • the accumulated amount of practically allocable quantities was no more than 2 hours.
  • the power supply of the carrier is 0.6-0.8 ⁇ S / cm - the oxygen content in the contact (initial) is 50 ⁇ g / l
  • iron in the host stabilized at a level of 0.15 mg / l.
  • the total value of the services on the online burning element was after 100 hours of operation of the stand 1, 8 mg.
  • the increase in the concentration of industrial products was maintained at the expense of the speed of the housing and of the access to the systems After research, the cooling components had a black color.
  • the supply of aluminum to the carrier was carried out by placing samples from the aluminum alloy B1 ⁇ in the autoclave, located on the bypass line of the stand. Depending on the temperature of the available carrier and its speed, it was possible to have a small amount of aluminum in it. The stand was in operation, and at the same time, the accelerated growth of aluminum in the circuit significantly increased the accelerated growth of iron from the process.
  • the results of experimental studies are presented in Fig. 1. The time (in hours) and the concentration of iron, aluminum hydroxide, and alumina (in mg / l) are provided.
  • the total value of the services on the online burning element was after 100 hours of operation of the stand of 0.12 mg for iron and 0.015 mg for aluminum.
  • the calculated concentration of oxides of iron (the functional line in Fig. 1), which corresponds to a value of 0.12 mg, is 0.01 mg / l. Cooling part of the touch had a gray color.
  • the ⁇ value in the course of the experiment was maintained at a level of 7.1.
  • the aluminum concentration increased in the course of the overpressure and stabilized at a value of 0.5 mg / L.
  • the total concentration of iron during the course of the experiment linearly increased and at the end of the experiment was 1.2 mg / l.
  • One of these forms is aluminum compounds, which are deposited on refrigerating converters.
  • the steady-state concentration of this form at the level of 0.5 mg / l was maintained due to the speed of its processing and removal to coolant. This fact indicates that the solubility of these compounds in the temperature range of 240-270 ° C is less than 0.5 mg / l.
  • the other form is iron oxide compounds, the conversion of which in the process of mass transfer was similar to that of the experiment without the use of aluminum.
  • the concentration of these compounds in the carrier was significantly lower than in the case of the stand in the mode without the use of aluminum.
  • the sites of the forum are iron compounds, the concentration of components during the course of the experiment has grown. A linear process for concentrating these compounds testifies to the absence of substantial deposition of this site at the turn of the site. The availability of such compounds is more than 1, 5 mg / l for the parameters of the monitor.
  • the first + phase is aluminum hydroxide
  • the second is iron and hydroxide compounds
  • the other are non-corrosive to iron
  • Benchmark tests were carried out that simulated the conditions of operation of the ⁇ . The stand worked in the bypass mode.
  • the purpose issled ⁇ vany yavlyal ⁇ s ⁇ edelenie influence administration d ⁇ lni ⁇ elny ⁇ an ⁇ dny ⁇ ⁇ ve ⁇ n ⁇ s ⁇ ey, vy ⁇ lnenny ⁇ of alyuminievy ⁇ s ⁇ lav ⁇ v on s ⁇ s ⁇ ⁇ b ⁇ az ⁇ vaniya ⁇ l ⁇ zheny ⁇ du ⁇ v iron ⁇ zii on ⁇ e ⁇ l ⁇ vydelyayuschi ⁇ ⁇ ve ⁇ n ⁇ s ⁇ ya ⁇ and ⁇ ine ⁇ i ⁇ u changes ⁇ ntsen ⁇ atsii ⁇ du ⁇ v ⁇ zii in ⁇ e ⁇ l ⁇ n ⁇ si ⁇ ele s ⁇ enda ..
  • the live loop had a closed circular loop.
  • the carrier with the main main pump was supplied to the inlet of the channel, in the case of heat separators were installed.
  • the pre-mixed steam in the channel was dispensed in the unit, where the pre-separation of the vapor-gas mixture and water was effected.
  • the vapor-gas mixture was lost in the condenser circuit, and the separated water was partially cooled in the heat exchangers, which were designed to regulate the heaters and the heaters Part of the circulating circuit in the carrier with a flow rate of 100 l / h was set for the bypass system.
  • the carrier was cleared in the heat exchanger before the payment.
  • gas compensation of the volume change with the use of helium in the capacity of compensating gas was used.
  • ⁇ e ⁇ n ⁇ l ⁇ giches ⁇ ie ⁇ a ⁇ ame ⁇ y ⁇ e ⁇ li ⁇ i ⁇ vedenii e ⁇ s ⁇ e ⁇ imen ⁇ a were as follows: ⁇ e ⁇ l ⁇ vaya m ⁇ schn ⁇ s ⁇ ⁇ anala, ⁇ v ⁇ 600 ⁇ em ⁇ e ⁇ a ⁇ u ⁇ a on v ⁇ de in ⁇ anal, ° C 150 - 160 at ⁇ em ⁇ e ⁇ a ⁇ u ⁇ a vy ⁇ de ⁇ anala from 200 C ° ⁇ as ⁇ d che ⁇ ez ⁇ anal, m3 / hr 10.2 99/49472 ⁇ / ⁇ 99 / 00093
  • ⁇ ⁇ e ⁇ n ⁇ l ⁇ giches ⁇ y ⁇ anal ⁇ ab ⁇ cheg ⁇ uchas ⁇ a s ⁇ enda were us ⁇ an ⁇ vleny ⁇ b ⁇ aztsy, vy ⁇ lnennye of s ⁇ lava BB1 ⁇ P ⁇ by ⁇ e ⁇ l ⁇ n ⁇ si ⁇ elya on ⁇ edelenie s ⁇ de ⁇ zhaniya ⁇ du ⁇ v ⁇ zii iron and aluminum ⁇ bi ⁇ alis with ⁇ e ⁇ i ⁇ dichn ⁇ s ⁇ yu 1 ⁇ az in su ⁇ i P ⁇ d ⁇ lzhi ⁇ eln ⁇ s ⁇ e ⁇ s ⁇ e ⁇ imen ⁇ a s ⁇ s ⁇ avila 84 hours.
  • the operating circuitry was operated under the condition of a neutral external fifteen
  • Table 4 shows the results of autocompetitive tests in distilled water with and without aluminum.
  • P ⁇ vedennye issled ⁇ vaniya ⁇ azali, ch ⁇ d ⁇ zi ⁇ vanie ⁇ ea ⁇ tsi ⁇ nn ⁇ -s ⁇ s ⁇ bn ⁇ g ⁇ aluminum ⁇ iv ⁇ di ⁇ ⁇ reduction s ⁇ s ⁇ i ⁇ b ⁇ az ⁇ vaniya and ⁇ lschiny ⁇ l ⁇ zheny ⁇ du ⁇ v ⁇ zii on g ⁇ eyuschi ⁇ ⁇ ve ⁇ n ⁇ s ⁇ ya ⁇ in chas ⁇ n ⁇ s ⁇ i on ⁇ e ⁇ l ⁇ vydelyayuschi ⁇ elemen ⁇ a ⁇ a ⁇ ivn ⁇ y z ⁇ ny, ⁇ reduction na ⁇ leniya ⁇ adi ⁇ nu ⁇ lid ⁇ v on vnu ⁇ enni ⁇ ⁇ ve ⁇ n ⁇ s ⁇ ya ⁇ ⁇ n ⁇ u ⁇ a, ⁇ vysheniyu s ⁇ y ⁇ s ⁇ i s ⁇ ali ⁇ ⁇ bschey and l ⁇ aln
  • the result of a decrease in the thickness of the terms of service is a reduction in the amount of accumulated waste due to a decrease in the collection of neutral items included in the terms of service.
  • the average iron oxide content is 110 g / m 2 .
  • the distributing contribution to the control of neutrals is contributed by II 235 .
  • the total cost is 2600. Generally, there are 470 units for one unit.
  • the cross-section of the charge of the natural mixture of iron compounds on the thermal neutral components is 2.53 bar.
  • the cross section for capturing ⁇ 235 for thermal neutrals is 680 bar.
  • the total download of heat-releasing discharges in the manufacture is 1697 pieces.
  • the cost of the average discharges is approximately 70 thousand. $ US. For the delivery of services by the introduction of aluminum, you save up to 4 charges for the storage.
  • the effect of the thickness of the service on the duration of the campaign is the most significant discharges due to the fact that the battery has a larger cross-section, which is more Cross sections for capturing a mixture of lithium from thermal neutrals 18
  • D ⁇ ugim ⁇ ezul ⁇ a ⁇ m to reduce the amount ⁇ l ⁇ zheny g ⁇ eyuschi ⁇ ⁇ ve ⁇ n ⁇ s ⁇ ya ⁇ a ⁇ ivn ⁇ y z ⁇ ny yavlyae ⁇ sya reduction vy ⁇ da vys ⁇ a ⁇ ivn ⁇ y shlam ⁇ v ⁇ y s ⁇ s ⁇ avlyayuschey in ⁇ e ⁇ e ⁇ dny ⁇ ⁇ ezhima ⁇ and ⁇ i ⁇ s ⁇ an ⁇ ve us ⁇ an ⁇ v ⁇ i and ⁇ a ⁇ zhe reduction ⁇ s ⁇ u ⁇ leniya ⁇ adi ⁇ nu ⁇ lid ⁇ v with e ⁇ i ⁇ ⁇ ve ⁇ n ⁇ s ⁇ ey ⁇ i s ⁇ atsi ⁇ na ⁇ n ⁇ m ⁇ ezhime ⁇ ab ⁇ y.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention a pour but d'améliorer la fiabilité de fonctionnement et de réduire les coûts d'exploitation d'installations électriques nucléaires, ceci en gérant la composition chimique de l'eau de manière à diminuer la vitesse de formation des dépôts sur les surfaces chauffantes, à réduire l'intensité du processus de corrosion, y compris les types de corrosions locales, à améliorer les conditions de radioactivité lors de l'entretien, à accroître l'efficacité du nettoyage par dérivation et à réduire la valeur de la composante des boues dans le caloporteur. Ce procédé consiste à introduire, dans le caloporteur circulant dans le circuit, un additif de correction qui consiste en de l'aluminium réactif se présentant sous une forme ionique ou hydroxyde. La quantité de moles d'Al+3 ajoutées est au moins deux fois supérieure à la quantité des moles de Fe+2 entrantes. L'aluminium est dosé de manière à ce que sa concentration en moles P¿Al? dans le caloporteur soit au moins deux fois supérieure à la concentration en moles de fer bivalent PFe dans ledit caloporteur. L'aluminium est introduit dans le caloporteur dans une composition d'eau d'alimentation ou de condensât que l'on fait passer dans un système contenant de l'aluminium. Le dosage de l'aluminium se fait dans la conduite de nettoyage par dérivation du circuit en faisant passer le caloporteur à travers un système contenant de l'aluminium, tel qu'un alliage d'aluminium. Le dosage de l'aluminium se fait par dissolution électrochimique d'aluminium métallique, en chargeant des pastilles spéciales contenant de l'aluminium dans une unité de dosage, ou en introduisant dans le caloporteur des aluminates de métaux alcalins ou des hydroxydes d'aluminium. L'addition d'aluminium peut également se faire par l'application de revêtements ou par la formation de films oxydes contenant de l'aluminium sur les surfaces internes du circuit.
PCT/RU1999/000093 1998-03-26 1999-03-25 Procede de gestion de la composition chimique de l'eau Ceased WO1999049472A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU98104715A RU2120143C1 (ru) 1998-03-26 1998-03-26 Способ организации водно-химического режима
RU98104715 1998-03-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999049472A2 true WO1999049472A2 (fr) 1999-09-30
WO1999049472A3 WO1999049472A3 (fr) 1999-11-18

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PCT/RU1999/000093 Ceased WO1999049472A2 (fr) 1998-03-26 1999-03-25 Procede de gestion de la composition chimique de l'eau

Country Status (2)

Country Link
RU (1) RU2120143C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999049472A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2190268C2 (ru) * 2000-09-27 2002-09-27 Государственное предприятие Ленинградская атомная электростанция им. В.И.Ленина Способ поддержания водно-химического режима энергетической установки
RU2195028C1 (ru) * 2001-06-21 2002-12-20 Чабак Александр Федорович Способ организации водно-химического режима теплоносителя атомной энергетической установки
RU2244349C2 (ru) * 2003-03-26 2005-01-10 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Российский государственный концерн по производству электрической и тепловой энергии на атомных станциях" Концерн "Росэнергоатом" Контур охлаждения каналов системы управления и защиты ядерного уран-графитового реактора
RU2450376C1 (ru) * 2011-02-21 2012-05-10 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Научно-исследовательский технологический институт имени А.П. Александрова" Способ поддержания водно-химического режима ядерной энергетической установки
RU2475872C2 (ru) * 2011-05-17 2013-02-20 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации - Физико-энергетический институт имени А.И. Лейпунского" Способ эксплуатации парогенератора типа "натрий-вода" атомной электростанции
KR20200024065A (ko) * 2017-06-30 2020-03-06 조인트-스톡 컴퍼니 사이언티픽 리서치 앤드 디자인 인스티튜트 포 에너지 테크놀로지스 아톰프로엑트 (제이에스씨 아톰프로엑트) 발전소의 화학 제어시스템

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JPS6051381B2 (ja) * 1978-09-29 1985-11-13 株式会社日立製作所 高温水用無機吸着剤及びその製造方法
DE3832980A1 (de) * 1988-09-29 1990-04-05 Bayer Ag Verfahren zur kuehlwasserbehandlung
DE4126467C2 (de) * 1991-08-09 1995-08-03 Promotech Corp Verfahren zur Behandlung des Primärkühlmittels eines Druckwasserkernreaktors
EP0822270A1 (fr) * 1996-07-30 1998-02-04 Solutia Europe N.V./S.A. Composition et procédé de traitement d'eaux

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1999049472A3 (fr) 1999-11-18
RU2120143C1 (ru) 1998-10-10

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