WO1999048842A1 - Primary explosives and primers which can be ignited by electric triggering - Google Patents
Primary explosives and primers which can be ignited by electric triggering Download PDFInfo
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- WO1999048842A1 WO1999048842A1 PCT/EP1999/001906 EP9901906W WO9948842A1 WO 1999048842 A1 WO1999048842 A1 WO 1999048842A1 EP 9901906 W EP9901906 W EP 9901906W WO 9948842 A1 WO9948842 A1 WO 9948842A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
- C06C7/00—Non-electric detonators; Blasting caps; Primers
Definitions
- the invention relates to initial explosives and primers for igniting boosters or propellant charges or for generating compressed gas.
- DE-A 33 21 943 describes ignition charges which contain special initial explosives and peroxides which can be used to ignite thermal charges. Because of their composition, they are preferably ignited by mechanical action. Electrical ignition of these sets is only possible under special conditions.
- the invention is based on a further object of providing ignition charges which can be ignited electrically, if appropriate in combination with ignition mixtures.
- Another object was to provide initial explosives and primers that can be ignited electrically, possibly in combination with igniter mixtures, and in which the vapors contain a reduced proportion of toxic compounds and are as free from aggressive gases as possible.
- initial explosives are provided in a first embodiment, which are selected from 2-diazo-4,6-dinitrophenol, 4-diazo-2,6-dinitrophenol, dipicrylditetrazole, salts of 2-diazo-4,6-dinitroresorzine , 4-Diazo-2,6-dinitroresorzins, Dinitrobenzofuroxans, the Trinitrophenol and the Trinitroresorzins or mixtures of these initial explosives.
- salts which can be used with preference are the potassium salt of dinitrobenzofuroxane, the potassium
- the lead salts of trinitroresorzine can also be contained in normal or basic form.
- ignition kits are provided in order to achieve a further object, which, in addition to at least one initial explosive, contain at least one oxidizing agent and optionally binders, reducing agents, secondary explosives, components which contribute to the implementation and / or contain inert substances.
- the initial explosives which can be used for this purpose according to the invention are selected from 2-diazo-4,6-dinitrophenol, 4-diazo-2,6-dinitrophenol, dipicrylditetrazole, from the salts of 2-diazo-4,6-dinitroresorzine, 4-diazo-2, 6-dinitroresorzins, Dinitrobenzofuroxans, the Trinitrophenol and / or the Trinitroresorzins.
- salts which can be used with preference are the potassium salt of dinitrobenzofuroxane, the potassium and strontium salts of trinitrophenol and trinitroresorzine. If a small proportion of lead can be tolerated in the swaths, the lead salts of trinitroresorzine in normal or basic form can also be present in the mixture in amounts of up to 20% by weight.
- the initial explosives can be present here in amounts of 20 to 70% by weight. Mixtures of these initial explosives can also be used. They can be used in both fine-grained and coarse-grained condition.
- the oxidizing agent is selected from zinc peroxide, potassium nitrate and / or potassium perchlorate.
- Zinc peroxide is preferably used with an active oxygen content of more than 12.3% (cf. DE-PS 29 52 069).
- the oxidizing agent is used in amounts of 5 to 50% by weight.
- the oxidizing agent can be used both in a fine-grained state and in coarse-grained form. 3
- primers according to the invention can also contain binders, reducing agents, secondary explosives, components which contribute to the implementation and / or contain inert substances.
- Suitable reducing agents are the reducing agents known per se in ignition kits which improve the ignition ability. Boron, titanium, zirconium, magnesium, cerium magnesium, cerium silicon, aluminum / magnesium or calcium silicide powders are suitable, for example. Mixtures of these reducing agents can also be used. According to the invention, the proportion of the reducing agent can make up to 20% by weight.
- Secondary explosives for example octogen, amino compounds of nitrated aromatics, for example of trinitrobenzene such as mono-, di- or triaminotrinitrobenzene or diaminohexanitrodiphenyl, and furthermore the acylation products, furthermore preferably further components which make a contribution to the reaction,
- 15 water compounds for example hexanitrooxanilide or hexanitrodiphenylurea, hexanitrostilbene, hexanitrodiphenyloxide, hexanitrodiphenylsulfide, hexanitrodiphenylsulfone, hexanitrodiphenylamine, tetranitrocarbazole, tetranitroacridone, polyvinylnitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose
- nitrocellulose 20 moves is nitrocellulose. These components can be contained in amounts of up to 30% by weight.
- This second charge preferably contains a mixture of metal powder as a reducing agent and potassium perchlorate as an oxidizing agent. Titanium or zirconium powder is preferred as the metal powder.
- the metal powder is in the redox system in amounts of 30 to 80 wt .-% and the potassium perchlorate in amounts of 20 to
- Moderators in amounts of up to 10% by weight can also be used.
- Ca resinate for example, can serve as a moderator.
- Materials made of conductive material can also be used. Both carbon and a metal or an alloy, for example brass, which conducts the electrical current can serve as the conductive material.
- the fabrics are preferably used in fiber form. Metal fibers that can be used are, for example, iron or copper. The proportion of fibers can vary between 0.5 and 20% by weight.
- Suitable inert substances are the substances known per se in ignition systems, which are also used to match the properties of these phrases to the respective intended use. Tin dioxide is an example.
- the inert substances also include other binders, for example PVB, waxes or PE, adhesives and dyes.
- the proportion of the inert substances in the primers according to the invention can make up to 20% by weight.
- the ignition kits according to the invention or the ignition mixtures are produced by methods known per se by mixing the individual constituents with the binder dissolved in a solvent or the secondary explosive which has binder properties. This mixing can be done by methods known per se by stirring, kneading or similar distribution methods.
- the ignition charges according to the invention or the ignition mixtures are obtained as a pulpy mass.
- the first charges according to the invention not only fulfill the function of a standard ignition charge, but can also be used directly without an additional booster charge. This is generally done by directly applying a first charge according to the invention with the aid of a metering device, such as pipettes, syringes or the like. 5
- a stamp can also be used to apply the charges, with which the mixture adhering to the stamp can be applied after immersion in the charges.
- the primers according to the invention are portioned into perforated plates by carefully brushing in the substances or mixtures moistened with water. After ejection from the mold, drying and, if necessary, slight pressing of the ignition set according to the invention thus formed.
- the first charges according to the invention can, optionally in combination with a second charge, for example by an ignition / ignition element according to DE-A 19637587, but also by ignition / ignition elements of the type of a split, glow wire or metal layer element igniter and all by sparks or ignitions triggered by laser light are ignited.
- a second charge for example by an ignition / ignition element according to DE-A 19637587, but also by ignition / ignition elements of the type of a split, glow wire or metal layer element igniter and all by sparks or ignitions triggered by laser light are ignited.
- Initial explosives for igniting boosters or propellant charges or for generating pressurized gas in which the initial explosives can be ignited electrically and are selected from 2-diazo-4,6-dinitrophenol, 4-diazo-2,6-dinitrophenol, dipyrylditetrazole the salts of 2-diazo-4,6-dinitroresorzins, 4-diazo-2,6-dinitroresorzins, dinitrobenzofuroxane, trinitrophenol or trinitroresorzins or from mixtures of these initial explosives.
- the potassium dinitrobenzofuroxane can preferably be selected as the salt of dinitrobenzofuroxane, the potassium and / or strontium salts as the trinitrophenol salt, the potassium and / or strontium salts as the trinitroresorcinol salt and the lead salts in normal and / or basic form as the trinitroresorcinol salt.
- the initial explosive can be compressed and / or a dam made of inert substance can be provided.
- the invention relates to ignition charges for igniting boosters or propellant charges or for generating pressurized gas, in which the ignition charge can be ignited electrically and contains at least one oxidizing agent in addition to at least one initial explosive.
- the primers according to the invention can additionally optionally contain binders, reducing agents, secondary explosives, components which contribute to the implementation, moderators, substances made of conductive material and / or inert substances.
- the initial explosives that can be used can be ignited electrically and are selected from 2-diazo-4,6-dinitrophenol, 4-diazo-2,6-dinitrophenol, dipicrylditetrazole, from the salts of 2-diazo-4,6-dinitroresorzine, 4-diazo- 2,6-dinitroresorzins, Dinitrobenzofuroxans, the Trinitrophenol or the Trinitroresorzins or from mixtures of these initial explosives, the oxidizing agents can be selected from zinc peroxide, potassium nitrate and / or potassium perchlorate, the reducing agents can be selected from boron, titanium, zirconium, magnesium -, cermagnesium, cerium silicon, aluminum / magnesium and / or calcium silicide powder, the secondary explosive can be selected from octogen, from amino compounds of nitrated aromatics, preferably mono-, di- and / or triaminotrinitrobenzene or diaminohexanitodipheny
- the proportion of initial explosives can be 20 to 70% by weight, the proportion of oxidizing agents 5 to 50% by weight, the proportion of reducing agents up to 20% by weight, the proportion of secondary explosives up to 30% by weight, the proportion of moderators up to 7
- the present invention further relates to charges which consist of a combination of one of the initial explosives described above or of an ignition charge (1st charge) as described above with an ignition mixture (2nd charge).
- the initial explosives according to the invention can be used in processes for igniting boosters or propellant charges or for generating compressed gas electrically, the initial explosive being ignited electrically.
- the ignition charges according to the invention can be used in methods for igniting boosters or propellant charges or for the electrical generation of compressed gas, the ignition charge being ignited electrically.
- 2-Diazo-4,6-dinitrophenol (diazodinitrophenol or diazole) is made by diazotizing sodium picramate.
- Sodium picramate can be obtained from picric acid by selective reduction with sodium hydrogen sulfide.
- Potassium dinitrobenzofuroxanate (potassium benzanate) is produced by neutralizing dinitrobenzofuroxane with potassium hydrogen carbonate in an aqueous medium.
- Potassium picrate is precipitated by reaction of magnesium picrate with potassium nitrate or potassium sulfate in aqueous solution, filtered and free of magnesium salt with water 8th
- Reliable ignition of even small diazodinitrophenol masses is achieved by a barrier layer made of inert material or by thermal charging.
- An ignition charge made of 30% diazodinitrophenol, 50% zinc peroxide, 10% calcium silicide and 10% NC spherical powder ignites reliably only when using a metal layer element with an insulation layer.
- a layer of NC-bonded potassium picrate with carbon fibers ignites safely when using a split igniter with self-insulation.
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Abstract
Description
1 1
Durch elektrische Auslösung anzündbare Initialexplosivstoffe und AnzündsätzeInitial explosives and primers ignitable by electrical triggering
Die Erfindung betrifft Initialexplosivstoffe und Anzündsätze zum Anzünden von Boostern oder Treibladungen bzw. zum Erzeugen von Druckgas.The invention relates to initial explosives and primers for igniting boosters or propellant charges or for generating compressed gas.
In der DE-A 33 21 943 werden Anzündsätze beschrieben, die spezielle Initialexplosivstoffe und Peroxide enthalten, die zum Anzünden thermischer Aufladungen eingesetzt werden können. Aufgrund ihrer Zusammensetzung werden sie bevorzugt durch mechanische Einwirkung angezündet. Eine elektrische Anzündung dieser Sätze ist nur unter speziellen Bedingungen möglich.DE-A 33 21 943 describes ignition charges which contain special initial explosives and peroxides which can be used to ignite thermal charges. Because of their composition, they are preferably ignited by mechanical action. Electrical ignition of these sets is only possible under special conditions.
Der Erfindung liegt als eine Aufgabe zugrunde, Initialexplosivstoffe bereitzustellen, die, gegebenenfalls in Kombination mit Anzündmischungen, elektrisch anzündbar sind.It is an object of the invention to provide initial explosives which can be ignited electrically, optionally in combination with ignition mixtures.
Der Erfindung liegt als eine weitere Aufgabe zugrunde, Anzündsätze bereitzustellen, die, gegebenenfalls in Kombination mit Anzündmischungen, elektrisch anzündbar sind.The invention is based on a further object of providing ignition charges which can be ignited electrically, if appropriate in combination with ignition mixtures.
Eine weitere Aufgabe bestand darin, Initialexplosivstoffe und Anzündsätze bereitzustellen, die, gegebenenfalls in Kombination mit Anzündmischungen, elektrisch anzündbar sind und bei denen die Schwaden einen reduzierten Anteil an toxischen Verbindungen enthalten und möglichst frei von agressiven Gasen sind.Another object was to provide initial explosives and primers that can be ignited electrically, possibly in combination with igniter mixtures, and in which the vapors contain a reduced proportion of toxic compounds and are as free from aggressive gases as possible.
Erfindungsgemäß werden zur Lösung einer Aufgabe in einer ersten Ausführungsform Initialexplosivstoffe bereitgestellt, die ausgewählt sind aus 2-Diazo-4,6-dinitrophenol, 4-Diazo-2,6-dinitrophenol, Dipikrylditetrazol, Salzen des 2-Diazo-4,6-dinitroresorzins, 4-Diazo-2,6-dinitroresorzins, Dinitrobenzofuroxans, des Trinitrophenols und des Trinitroresorzins oder Mischungen dieser Initialexplosivstoffe. Als bevorzugt einsetzbare Salze seien beispielsweise das Kaliumsalz des Dinitrobenzofuroxans, die Ka-According to the invention, to solve a problem, initial explosives are provided in a first embodiment, which are selected from 2-diazo-4,6-dinitrophenol, 4-diazo-2,6-dinitrophenol, dipicrylditetrazole, salts of 2-diazo-4,6-dinitroresorzine , 4-Diazo-2,6-dinitroresorzins, Dinitrobenzofuroxans, the Trinitrophenol and the Trinitroresorzins or mixtures of these initial explosives. Examples of salts which can be used with preference are the potassium salt of dinitrobenzofuroxane, the potassium
ESTÄTSGUNGSKOPIE 2ESTÄTSGUNGSKOPIE 2
lium- und Strontiumsalze des Trinitrophenols und des Trinitroresorzins genannt. Sofern ein geringer Anteil an Blei in den Schwaden geduldet werden kann, können auch die Bleisalze des Trinitroresorzins in normaler oder basischer Form enthalten sein.called lium and strontium salts of trinitrophenol and trinitroresorzine. If a small proportion of lead can be tolerated in the swaths, the lead salts of trinitroresorzine can also be contained in normal or basic form.
Erfindungsgemäß werden zur Lösung einer weiteren Aufgabe in einer Ausführungs- form Anzündsätze bereitgestellt, die neben mindestens einem Initialexplosivstoff mindestens ein Oxidationsmittel und gegebenenfalls Bindemittel, Reduktionsmittel, sekundäre Sprengstoffe, Komponenten, die einen Beitrag zur Umsetzung liefern und/oder Inertstoffe enthalten.According to the invention, in one embodiment, ignition kits are provided in order to achieve a further object, which, in addition to at least one initial explosive, contain at least one oxidizing agent and optionally binders, reducing agents, secondary explosives, components which contribute to the implementation and / or contain inert substances.
Die hierfür erfindungsgemäß einsetzbaren Initialexplosivstoffe sind ausgewählt aus 2- Diazo-4,6-dinitrophenol, 4-Diazo-2,6-dinitrophenol, Dipikrylditetrazol, aus den Salzen des 2-Diazo-4,6-dinitroresorzins, 4-Diazo-2,6-dinitroresorzins, Dinitrobenzofuroxans, des Trinitrophenols und/oder des Trinitroresorzins. Als bevorzugt einsetzbare Salze seien beispielsweise das Kaliumsalz des Dinitrobenzofuroxans, die Kalium- und Strontiumsalze des Trinitrophenols und des Trinitroresorzins genannt. Sofern ein geringer Anteil an Blei in den Schwaden geduldet werden kann, können auch die Bleisalze des Trinitroresorzins in normaler oder basischer Form in Mengen bis zu 20 Gew.-% im Gemisch enthalten sein.The initial explosives which can be used for this purpose according to the invention are selected from 2-diazo-4,6-dinitrophenol, 4-diazo-2,6-dinitrophenol, dipicrylditetrazole, from the salts of 2-diazo-4,6-dinitroresorzine, 4-diazo-2, 6-dinitroresorzins, Dinitrobenzofuroxans, the Trinitrophenol and / or the Trinitroresorzins. Examples of salts which can be used with preference are the potassium salt of dinitrobenzofuroxane, the potassium and strontium salts of trinitrophenol and trinitroresorzine. If a small proportion of lead can be tolerated in the swaths, the lead salts of trinitroresorzine in normal or basic form can also be present in the mixture in amounts of up to 20% by weight.
Hierbei können die Initialexplosivstoffe in Mengen von 20 bis 70 Gew.-% enthalten sein. Auch Mischungen dieser Initialexplosivstoffe können eingesetzt werden. Sie können sowohl in feinkörnigem wie grobkörnigem Zustand eingesetzt werden.The initial explosives can be present here in amounts of 20 to 70% by weight. Mixtures of these initial explosives can also be used. They can be used in both fine-grained and coarse-grained condition.
Das Oxidationsmittel wird erfindungsgemäß ausgewählt aus Zinkperoxid, Kaliumnitrat und/oder Kaliumperchlorat. Zinkperoxid wird bevorzugt mit einem Aktiv-Sauerstoffanteil von mehr als 12,3 % eingesetzt (vgl. DE-PS 29 52 069).According to the invention, the oxidizing agent is selected from zinc peroxide, potassium nitrate and / or potassium perchlorate. Zinc peroxide is preferably used with an active oxygen content of more than 12.3% (cf. DE-PS 29 52 069).
Erfindungsgemäß eingesetzt wird das Oxidationsmittel in Mengen von 5 bis 50 Gew.-%. Das Oxidationsmittel kann sowohl in feinkörnigem Zustand als auch grob- körnig eingesetzt werden. 3According to the invention, the oxidizing agent is used in amounts of 5 to 50% by weight. The oxidizing agent can be used both in a fine-grained state and in coarse-grained form. 3
Weiterhin können die erfindungsgemäßen Anzündsätze noch Bindemittel, Reduktionsmittel, sekundäre Sprengstoffe, Komponenten, die einen Beitrag zur Umsetzung liefern und/oder Inertstoffe enthalten.Furthermore, the primers according to the invention can also contain binders, reducing agents, secondary explosives, components which contribute to the implementation and / or contain inert substances.
Als Reduktionsmittel eignen sich die an sich bekannten Reduktionsmittel in Anzünd- sätzen, die eine Verbesserung des Anzündvermögens bewirken. Geeignet sind beispielsweise Bor, Titan-, Zirkon-, Magnesium-, Cermagnesium-, Cersilicium-, Aluminium/Magnesium- oder Calziumsilicid-Pulver. Mischungen dieser Reduktionsmittel sind ebenfalls einsetzbar. Der Anteil des Reduktionsmittels kann erfindungsgemäß bis zu 20 Gew.-% ausmachen.Suitable reducing agents are the reducing agents known per se in ignition kits which improve the ignition ability. Boron, titanium, zirconium, magnesium, cerium magnesium, cerium silicon, aluminum / magnesium or calcium silicide powders are suitable, for example. Mixtures of these reducing agents can also be used. According to the invention, the proportion of the reducing agent can make up to 20% by weight.
1010
Als weitere Komponenten, die einen Beitrag zur Umsetzung liefern, können vorzugsweise Sekundärexplosivstoffe, beispielsweise Oktogen, Aminoverbindungen von nitrierten Aromaten, beispielsweise des Trinitrobenzols wie Mono-, Di- oder Triamino- trinitrobenzol oder Diaminohexanitrodiphenyl, weiterhin die Acylierungsprodukte die-Secondary explosives, for example octogen, amino compounds of nitrated aromatics, for example of trinitrobenzene such as mono-, di- or triaminotrinitrobenzene or diaminohexanitrodiphenyl, and furthermore the acylation products, furthermore preferably further components which make a contribution to the reaction,
15 ser Verbindungen, beispielsweise Hexanitrooxanilid oder Hexanitrodiphenylharnstoff, Hexanitrostilben, Hexanitrodiphenyloxid, Hexanitrodiphenylsulfid, Hexanitrodiphenyl- sulfon, Hexanitrodiphenylamin, Tetranitrocarbazol, Tetranitroacridon, Polyvinylnitrat, Nitrocellulose oder Pentaerythrittetranitrat eingesetzt werden. Bevorzugt einsetzbar sind Sekundärexplosivstoffe, die gleichzeitig als Bindemittel wirken. Besonders bevor-15 water compounds, for example hexanitrooxanilide or hexanitrodiphenylurea, hexanitrostilbene, hexanitrodiphenyloxide, hexanitrodiphenylsulfide, hexanitrodiphenylsulfone, hexanitrodiphenylamine, tetranitrocarbazole, tetranitroacridone, polyvinylnitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose nitrate are used. Secondary explosives that act as binders are preferred. Especially before
20 zugt ist Nitrocellulose. Diese Komponenten können in Mengen bis zu 30 Gew.-% enthalten sein.20 moves is nitrocellulose. These components can be contained in amounts of up to 30% by weight.
Sowohl die erfindungsgemäßen Initialexplosivstoffe als auch die erfindungsgemäßen Anzündsätze werden als sogenannte 1. Ladung bezeichnet und eingesetzt. Sie kön-Both the initial explosives according to the invention and the ignition charges according to the invention are referred to and used as the so-called 1st charge. You can
25 nen bevorzugt mit einer sogenannten 2. Ladung (Anzündmischung) kombiniert werden. Diese 2. Ladung enthält vorzugsweise eine Mischung von Metallpulver als Reduktionsmittel und Kaliumperchlorat als Oxidationsmittel. Als Metallpulver wird Titanoder Zirkonpulver bevorzugt. Dabei wird in dem Redox-System das Metallpulver in Mengen von 30 bis 80 Gew.-% und das Kaliumperchlorat in Mengen von 20 bis25 NEN preferably combined with a so-called 2nd charge (ignition mixture). This second charge preferably contains a mixture of metal powder as a reducing agent and potassium perchlorate as an oxidizing agent. Titanium or zirconium powder is preferred as the metal powder. The metal powder is in the redox system in amounts of 30 to 80 wt .-% and the potassium perchlorate in amounts of 20 to
30 70 Gew.-% eingesetzt. 430 70 wt .-% used. 4
Ebenfalls einsetzbar sind Moderatoren in Mengen bis zu 10 Gew.-%. Als Moderator kann beispielsweise Ca-Resinat dienen.Moderators in amounts of up to 10% by weight can also be used. Ca resinate, for example, can serve as a moderator.
Weiterhin können Stoffe aus leitfähigem Material eingesetzt werden. Als leitfähiges Material kann dabei sowohl Kohlenstoff als auch ein den elektrischen Strom leitendes Metall oder eine Legierung, beispielsweise Messing, dienen. Vorzugsweise werden die Stoffe in Faserform verwendet. Einsetzbare Metallfasern sind beispielsweise solche aus Eisen oder Kupfer. Der Anteil der Fasern kann sich zwischen 0,5 und 20 Gew.-% bewegen.Materials made of conductive material can also be used. Both carbon and a metal or an alloy, for example brass, which conducts the electrical current can serve as the conductive material. The fabrics are preferably used in fiber form. Metal fibers that can be used are, for example, iron or copper. The proportion of fibers can vary between 0.5 and 20% by weight.
Als Inertstoffe eignen sich die in Anzündsystemen an sich bekannten Stoffe, die auch zur Abstimmung der Eigenschaften dieser Sätze auf den jeweiligen Verwendungszweck mit eingesetzt werden. Als Beispiel sei Zinndioxid genannt. Weiterhin zählen zu den Inertstoffen sonstige Bindemittel, beispielsweise PVB, Wachse oder PE, Kleb- und Farbstoffe. Der Anteil der Inertstoffe in den erfindungsgemäßen Anzündsätzen kann bis zu 20 Gew.-% ausmachen.Suitable inert substances are the substances known per se in ignition systems, which are also used to match the properties of these phrases to the respective intended use. Tin dioxide is an example. The inert substances also include other binders, for example PVB, waxes or PE, adhesives and dyes. The proportion of the inert substances in the primers according to the invention can make up to 20% by weight.
Die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Anzündsätze bzw. die Herstellung der Anzündmischungen erfolgt nach an sich bekannten Verfahren durch Vermischen der einzelnen Bestandteile mit dem in einem Lösungsmittel gelösten Bindemittel oder dem Sekundärexplosivstoff, der Bindemitteleigenschaften aufweist. Dieses Vermischen kann nach an sich bekannten Verfahren durch Rühren, Kneten oder ähnlichen Verteilungsmethoden geschehen. Dabei fallen die erfindungsgemäßen Anzündsätze bzw. die Anzündmischungen als breiige Masse an.The ignition kits according to the invention or the ignition mixtures are produced by methods known per se by mixing the individual constituents with the binder dissolved in a solvent or the secondary explosive which has binder properties. This mixing can be done by methods known per se by stirring, kneading or similar distribution methods. The ignition charges according to the invention or the ignition mixtures are obtained as a pulpy mass.
Die erfindungsgemäßen 1. Ladungen erfüllen nicht nur die Funktion eines Standard- Anzündsatzes, sondern können ohne zusätzliche Verstärkerladung direkt eingesetzt werden. Dies geschieht im allgemeinen durch direktes Aufbringen einer erfindungsgemäßen 1. Ladung mit Hilfe einer Dosiereinrichtung, wie Pipetten, Spritzen oder ähnlichem. 5The first charges according to the invention not only fulfill the function of a standard ignition charge, but can also be used directly without an additional booster charge. This is generally done by directly applying a first charge according to the invention with the aid of a metering device, such as pipettes, syringes or the like. 5
Zur Aufbringung der Ladungen kann auch ein Stempel benutzt werden, mit dem nach dem Eintauchen in die Ladungen die an dem Stempel anhaftende Mischung aufgebracht werden kann.A stamp can also be used to apply the charges, with which the mixture adhering to the stamp can be applied after immersion in the charges.
In einer weiteren, bevorzugten Ausführungsform werden die erfindungsgemäßen An- Zündsätze in Lochplatten durch vorsichtiges Einstreichen der mit Wasser befeuchteten Stoffe oder Gemische portioniert. Nach dem Ausstoßen aus der Form erfolgt ein Trocknen und ggf. leichtes Anpressen des so geformten erfindungsgemäßen An- zündsatzes.In a further preferred embodiment, the primers according to the invention are portioned into perforated plates by carefully brushing in the substances or mixtures moistened with water. After ejection from the mold, drying and, if necessary, slight pressing of the ignition set according to the invention thus formed.
Die erfindungsgemäßen 1. Ladungen können, gegebenenfalls in Kombination mit einer 2. Ladung, beispielsweise durch ein Zünd-/Anzündelement gemäß DE-A 19637587, aber auch durch Zünd-/Anzündelemente vom Typ eines Spalt-, Glühdrahtoder Metallschichtelement-Zünders sowie aller durch Funken oder Laserlicht ausgelösten Anzündungen zur Anzündung gebracht werden.The first charges according to the invention can, optionally in combination with a second charge, for example by an ignition / ignition element according to DE-A 19637587, but also by ignition / ignition elements of the type of a split, glow wire or metal layer element igniter and all by sparks or ignitions triggered by laser light are ignited.
Die Erfindung betrifft im Einzelnen:The invention relates in detail to:
Initialexplosivstoffe zum Anzünden von Boostern oder Treibladungen bzw. zum Erzeugen von Druckgas, bei denen die Initialexplosivstoffe elektrisch anzündbar sind und ausgewählt sind aus 2-Diazo-4,6-dinitrophenol, 4-Diazo-2,6-dinitrophenol, Dipi- krylditetrazol, aus den Salzen des 2-Diazo-4,6-dinitroresorzins, 4-Diazo-2,6-dinitrore- sorzins, Dinitrobenzofuroxans, des Trinitrophenols oder des Trinitroresorzins oder aus Mischungen dieser Initialexplosivstoffe.Initial explosives for igniting boosters or propellant charges or for generating pressurized gas, in which the initial explosives can be ignited electrically and are selected from 2-diazo-4,6-dinitrophenol, 4-diazo-2,6-dinitrophenol, dipyrylditetrazole the salts of 2-diazo-4,6-dinitroresorzins, 4-diazo-2,6-dinitroresorzins, dinitrobenzofuroxane, trinitrophenol or trinitroresorzins or from mixtures of these initial explosives.
Dabei kann vorzugsweise als Salz des Dinitrobenzofuroxans das Kaliumdinitrobenzofuroxanat, als Salz des Trinitrophenols die Kalium- und/oder Strontiumsalze, als Salz des Trinitroresorcins die Kalium- und/oder Strontiumsalze und als Salz des Trinitroresorcins die Bleisalze in normaler und/oder basischer Form ausgewählt werden.The potassium dinitrobenzofuroxane can preferably be selected as the salt of dinitrobenzofuroxane, the potassium and / or strontium salts as the trinitrophenol salt, the potassium and / or strontium salts as the trinitroresorcinol salt and the lead salts in normal and / or basic form as the trinitroresorcinol salt.
Bei den erfindungsgemäßen Initialexplosivstoffen kann der Initialexplosivstoff verdich- tet und/oder eine Verdammung aus Inertstoff vorgesehen sein. 6In the case of the initial explosives according to the invention, the initial explosive can be compressed and / or a dam made of inert substance can be provided. 6
Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung Anzündsätze zum Anzünden von Boostern oder Treibladungen bzw. zum Erzeugen von Druckgas, bei denen der Anzündsatz elektrisch anzündbar ist und neben mindestens einem Initialexplosivstoff mindestens ein Oxidationsmittel enthält.Furthermore, the invention relates to ignition charges for igniting boosters or propellant charges or for generating pressurized gas, in which the ignition charge can be ignited electrically and contains at least one oxidizing agent in addition to at least one initial explosive.
Dabei können die erfindungsgemäßen Anzündsätze zusätzlich gegebenenfalls Bindemittel, Reduktionsmittel, Sekundärexplosivstoffe, Komponenten, die einen Beitrag zur Umsetzung liefern, Moderatoren, Stoffe aus leitfähigem Material und/oder Inertstoffe enthalten.The primers according to the invention can additionally optionally contain binders, reducing agents, secondary explosives, components which contribute to the implementation, moderators, substances made of conductive material and / or inert substances.
Die einsetzbaren Initialexplosivstoffe sind dabei elektrisch anzündbar und ausgewählt aus 2-Diazo-4,6-dinitrophenol, 4-Diazo-2,6-dinitrophenol, Dipikrylditetrazol, aus den Salzen des 2-Diazo-4,6-dinitroresorzins, 4-Diazo-2,6-dinitroresorzins, Dinitrobenzofuroxans, des Trinitrophenols oder des Trinitroresorzins oder aus Mischungen dieser Initialexplosivstoffe, die Oxidationsmittel können ausgewählt werden aus Zinkperoxid, Kaliumnitrat und/oder Kaliumperchlorat, die Reduktionsmittel können ausge- wählt werden aus Bor, Titan-, Zirkon-, Magnesium-, Cermagnesium-, Cersilicium-, Aluminium/Magnesium- und/oder Calziumsilicid-Pulver, der Sekundärexplosivstoff kann ausgewählt werden aus Oktogen, aus Aminoverbindungen von nitrierten Aroma- ten, vorzugsweise Mono-, Di- und/oder Triaminotrinitrobenzol oder Diaminohexanitro- diphenyl, aus Acylierungsprodukten dieser Verbindungen, vorzugsweise Hexani- trooxanilid und/oder Hexanitrodiphenylharnstoff, aus Hexanitrostilben, Hexanitro- diphenyloxid, Hexanitrodiphenylsulfid, Hexanitrodiphenyl-sulfon, Hexanitrodiphenyl- amin, Tetranitrocarbazol, Tetranitroacridon, Polyvinylnitrat, Nitrocellulose und/oder Pentaerythrittetranitrat, der Inertstoff kann ausgewählt werden aus Zinndioxid, PVB, Wachsen, Kleb- und/oder Farbstoffen und/oder PE, als Moderator kann Ca-Resinat ausgewählt und/oder als leitfähiger Stoff können Fasern aus leitfähigem Material, vorzugsweise Fasern aus Kohlenstoff ausgewählt werden.The initial explosives that can be used can be ignited electrically and are selected from 2-diazo-4,6-dinitrophenol, 4-diazo-2,6-dinitrophenol, dipicrylditetrazole, from the salts of 2-diazo-4,6-dinitroresorzine, 4-diazo- 2,6-dinitroresorzins, Dinitrobenzofuroxans, the Trinitrophenol or the Trinitroresorzins or from mixtures of these initial explosives, the oxidizing agents can be selected from zinc peroxide, potassium nitrate and / or potassium perchlorate, the reducing agents can be selected from boron, titanium, zirconium, magnesium -, cermagnesium, cerium silicon, aluminum / magnesium and / or calcium silicide powder, the secondary explosive can be selected from octogen, from amino compounds of nitrated aromatics, preferably mono-, di- and / or triaminotrinitrobenzene or diaminohexanitodiphenyl, from acylation products of these compounds, preferably hexanitrooxanilide and / or hexanitrodiphenylurea, from hexanitrostilbene, hexanitodiphenylox id, hexanitrodiphenyl sulfide, hexanitrodiphenyl sulfone, hexanitrodiphenylamine, tetranitrocarbazole, tetranitroacridone, polyvinyl nitrate, nitrocellulose and / or pentaerythritol tetranitrate, the inert substance can be selected from tin dioxide, PV or / and dyes, glue, and., as Ca resinate selected and / or fibers made of conductive material, preferably carbon fibers, can be selected as the conductive substance.
Dabei kann der Anteil der Initialexplosivstoffe 20 bis 70 Gew.-%, der Anteil der Oxidationsmittel 5 bis 50 Gew.-%, der Anteil der Reduktionsmittel bis zu 20 Gew.-%, der Anteil der Sekundärsprengstoffe bis zu 30 Gew.-%, der Anteil der Moderatoren bis zu 7The proportion of initial explosives can be 20 to 70% by weight, the proportion of oxidizing agents 5 to 50% by weight, the proportion of reducing agents up to 20% by weight, the proportion of secondary explosives up to 30% by weight, the proportion of moderators up to 7
10 Gew.-%, der Anteil der leitfähigen Stoffe bis zu 20-Gew.-% und/oder der Anteil der Inertstoffe bis zu 20 Gew.-% ausmachen.10% by weight, the proportion of conductive substances up to 20% by weight and / or the proportion of inert substances up to 20% by weight.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft weiterhin Aufladungen, die aus einer Kombination aus einem der oben beschriebenen Initialexplosivstoff oder aus einem wie oben beschriebenen Anzündsatz (1. Ladung) mit einer Anzündmischung (2. Ladung) bestehen.The present invention further relates to charges which consist of a combination of one of the initial explosives described above or of an ignition charge (1st charge) as described above with an ignition mixture (2nd charge).
Die erfindungsgemäßen Initialexplosivstoffe können in Verfahren zum Anzünden von Boostern oder Treibladungen bzw. zum elektrischen Erzeugen von Druckgas eingesetzt werden, wobei der Initialexplosivstoff elektrisch angezündet wird.The initial explosives according to the invention can be used in processes for igniting boosters or propellant charges or for generating compressed gas electrically, the initial explosive being ignited electrically.
Weiterhin können die erfindungsgemäßen Anzündsätze in Verfahren zum Anzünden von Boostern oder Treibladungen bzw. zum elektrischen Erzeugen von Druckgas eingesetzt werden, wobei der Anzündsatz elektrisch angezündet wird.Furthermore, the ignition charges according to the invention can be used in methods for igniting boosters or propellant charges or for the electrical generation of compressed gas, the ignition charge being ignited electrically.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung durch Beispiele näher beschrieben, ohne daß sie da- durch eingeschränkt werden soll:The invention is described in more detail below by means of examples, without any intention that it should restrict it:
Herstellung der ZündstoffeManufacture of explosives
2-Diazo-4,6-dinitrophenol (Diazodinitrophenol oder Diazol) wird durch Diazotierung von Natriumpikramat hergestellt.2-Diazo-4,6-dinitrophenol (diazodinitrophenol or diazole) is made by diazotizing sodium picramate.
Natriumpikramat ist aus Pikrinsäure durch selektive Reduktion mit Natriumhydro- gensulfid zugänglich.Sodium picramate can be obtained from picric acid by selective reduction with sodium hydrogen sulfide.
Kaliumdinitrobenzofuroxanat (Kaliumbenzanat) wird durch Neutralisation von Dini- trobenzofuroxan mit Kaliumhydrogencarbonat im wäßrigen Medium hergestellt.Potassium dinitrobenzofuroxanate (potassium benzanate) is produced by neutralizing dinitrobenzofuroxane with potassium hydrogen carbonate in an aqueous medium.
Kaliumpikrat wird durch Umsetzung von Magnesiumpikrat mit Kaliumnitrat oder Kaliumsulfat in wäßriger Lösung ausgefällt, filtriert und mit Wasser magnesiumsalzfrei 8Potassium picrate is precipitated by reaction of magnesium picrate with potassium nitrate or potassium sulfate in aqueous solution, filtered and free of magnesium salt with water 8th
gewaschen und das Wasser mit Spiritus verdrängt. In dieser Form wird Kaliumpikrat aufbewahrt (Alkoholfeuchte ca. 30 bis 40 Gew.-%).washed and the water displaced with alcohol. Potassium picrate is stored in this form (alcohol moisture approx. 30 to 40% by weight).
Ausführungsbeispieleembodiments
Beispiel 1example 1
Während kleine Massen von Diazodinitrophenol (Diazol) oder Dipikrylditetrazol, z. B. 5 mg, bei Verwendung eines Metallschichtelementes nicht durchzünden, wird durch einen Zusatz von 30% Kaliumdinitrobenzofuroxanat eine Sensibilisierung erreicht, wodurch eine sichere Durchzündung gewährleistet wird.While small masses of diazodinitrophenol (diazole) or dipicrylditetrazole, e.g. B. 5 mg, do not ignite when using a metal layer element, sensitization is achieved by adding 30% potassium dinitrobenzofuroxanate, thereby ensuring reliable ignition.
Größere Diazodinitrophenolmassen zünden zwar infolge Eigenverdämmung durch, doch besteht dann die Gefahr einer Detonation.Larger diazodinitrophenol masses ignite due to self-insulation, but there is then a risk of detonation.
Eine sichere Durchzündung auch von kleinen Diazodinitrophenolmassen wird durch eine Verdämmungsschicht aus Inertstoff oder durch eine thermische Aufladung be- wirkt.Reliable ignition of even small diazodinitrophenol masses is achieved by a barrier layer made of inert material or by thermal charging.
Beispiel 2Example 2
Ein Anzündsatz aus 30% Diazodinitrophenol, 50% Zinkperoxid, 10% Calciumsilicid und 10% NC-Kugelpulver zündet bei Verwendung eines Metallschichtelementes nur mit Verdämmungsschicht sicher durch.An ignition charge made of 30% diazodinitrophenol, 50% zinc peroxide, 10% calcium silicide and 10% NC spherical powder ignites reliably only when using a metal layer element with an insulation layer.
Beispiel 3Example 3
Schichten aus Kaliumdinitrobenzofuroxanat, mit einem Druck von bis zu 10 000 bar verdichtet, zünden bei Verwendung eines Metallschichtelementes ohne Verdammung sicher durch.Layers of potassium dinitrobenzofuroxanate, compressed with a pressure of up to 10,000 bar, ignite reliably when using a metal layer element without damaging.
Beispiel 4Example 4
Ein Anzündsatz aus 50% Kaliumdinitrobenzofuroxanat, 45% Zinkperoxid und 5% Titan oder Bor zündet bei Verwendung eines Metallschichtelementes ohne Verdämmungs- schicht sicher durch. 9An ignition charge made of 50% potassium dinitrobenzofuroxanate, 45% zinc peroxide and 5% titanium or boron will ignite reliably when using a metal layer element without an insulation layer. 9
Beispiel 5Example 5
Eine Schicht aus NC-gebundenem Kaliumpikrat mit Kohlefasern zündet bei Verwendung eines Spaltzündmittels unter Eigenverdämmung sicher durch.A layer of NC-bonded potassium picrate with carbon fibers ignites safely when using a split igniter with self-insulation.
Beispiel 6Example 6
70 mg einer zweistufigen Aufladung bestehend aus 25 mg Kaliumbenzanat und 45 mg Kaliumperchlorat/Titan zündet bei elektrischer Anzündung sicher durch. 70 mg of a two-stage charge consisting of 25 mg of potassium benzanate and 45 mg of potassium perchlorate / titanium ignite safely when ignited electrically.
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99917834A EP1064241B1 (en) | 1998-03-20 | 1999-03-22 | Primary explosives and primers which can be ignited by electric triggering |
| DE59914443T DE59914443D1 (en) | 1998-03-20 | 1999-03-22 | BY INFLAMMABLE INITIAL EXPLOSIVES AND IGNITION SETS BY ELECTRICAL RELEASE |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19812400 | 1998-03-20 | ||
| DE19812400.7 | 1998-03-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1999048842A1 true WO1999048842A1 (en) | 1999-09-30 |
Family
ID=7861763
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1999/001906 Ceased WO1999048842A1 (en) | 1998-03-20 | 1999-03-22 | Primary explosives and primers which can be ignited by electric triggering |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1064241B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE369327T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19912622A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999048842A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6983679B2 (en) | 2001-09-11 | 2006-01-10 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Propellant magazine for a propellant-operated setting tool and a propellant-operated setting tool |
| WO2007071649A2 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2007-06-28 | Ruag Ammotec Gmbh | Salts of styphnic acid |
| WO2007135167A1 (en) * | 2006-05-23 | 2007-11-29 | Ruag Ammotec Gmbh | Ignition charge |
| JP2009519887A (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2009-05-21 | ルアグ アモテック ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | Ignition composition |
| US20180127328A1 (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2018-05-10 | Ruag Ammotec Gmbh | Thermal pre-ignition agent |
| CN110218164A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-09-10 | 信阳师范学院 | Bis- (the fluoro- 2,6- dinitrophenyl of 3,4,5- tri-) urea of energetic material 1,3- and its preparation method and application |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010052269A1 (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2010-05-14 | Ruag Ammotec Gmbh | Ignition sets with improved ignition performance |
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- 1999-03-22 AT AT99917834T patent/ATE369327T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-03-22 EP EP99917834A patent/EP1064241B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-22 WO PCT/EP1999/001906 patent/WO1999048842A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-03-22 DE DE19912622A patent/DE19912622A1/en not_active Ceased
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| GB771322A (en) * | 1953-08-18 | 1957-03-27 | Walter Friederich | Improvements in or relating to explosive and ignitable substances |
| US3420137A (en) * | 1967-08-18 | 1969-01-07 | Olin Mathieson | Contained compacted ammunition primer composition and method of preparation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US6983679B2 (en) | 2001-09-11 | 2006-01-10 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Propellant magazine for a propellant-operated setting tool and a propellant-operated setting tool |
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| JP2009519997A (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2009-05-21 | ルアグ アモテック ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | Stiffnic acid salt |
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| WO2007135167A1 (en) * | 2006-05-23 | 2007-11-29 | Ruag Ammotec Gmbh | Ignition charge |
| US8409378B2 (en) | 2006-05-23 | 2013-04-02 | Ruag Ammotec Gmbh | Ignition charge |
| US20180127328A1 (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2018-05-10 | Ruag Ammotec Gmbh | Thermal pre-ignition agent |
| CN110218164A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-09-10 | 信阳师范学院 | Bis- (the fluoro- 2,6- dinitrophenyl of 3,4,5- tri-) urea of energetic material 1,3- and its preparation method and application |
| CN110218164B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2021-10-01 | 信阳师范学院 | Energetic material 1,3-bis(3,4,5-trifluoro-2,6-dinitrophenyl)urea and its preparation method and application |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE369327T1 (en) | 2007-08-15 |
| EP1064241A1 (en) | 2001-01-03 |
| EP1064241B1 (en) | 2007-08-08 |
| DE19912622A1 (en) | 1999-09-23 |
| DE59914443D1 (en) | 2007-09-20 |
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