WO1999047877A1

WO1999047877A1 - Device of automatic breech-block unlocking (variants)

Info

Publication number: WO1999047877A1
Application number: PCT/KZ1999/000005
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ildar Ibragimov; Elena Sharunova
Original assignee: TSAI ARTUR
Current assignee: TSAI ARTUR
Priority date: 1998-03-18
Filing date: 1999-03-17
Publication date: 1999-09-23
Anticipated expiration: 2000-09-18
Also published as: AU2859999A

Abstract

The invention concerns to weapon engineering, namely to devices for automatic breech-block unlocking actuated with energy of the accumulated gun-powder gases. The first variant of the device of automatic breech-block unlocking contains the main chamber (4) and additional chamber (7), located between an outside surface of weapon barrel (1) and breech-block carrier (12) body, enveloping barrel (1) and rigid adjusted to the breech-block (3), the barrel has the ledges (10 and 11), the main chamber (4) is communicated with the weapon barrel (1) channel through the vent (2) in the barrel (1) wall, between main (4) and additional (7) chambers the transversal wall (5) with vents and valve (6) are adjusted. The second variant of the device of automatic breech-block unlocking contains the main chamber (1) with the piston (4), communicated with the weapon barrel (2) channel through the vent (3) in the barrel (2) wall, additional chamber (5) with the valve (7) and spring (8), communicated with the weapon barrel (2) channel through an additional vent (6) in the barrel (2) wall. The third variant of the device of automatic breech-block unlocking contains the chamber (1) communicated with the weapon barrel (2) channel through the vent (3) in the barrel (2) wall, in the chamber (1) the piston (4) and spring (5) are placed. The fourth variant of the device of automatic breech-block unlocking contains main (1) and additional (6) chambers communicated with the weapon barrel (2) channel through the vents (3) and (7) in barrel (2) wall, in the main chamber (1) the piston (4) and valve (10) with spring (11) are placed, and in additional (6) lock element (8) adjusted with interaction possibility with a ledge (9) executed on a rod (5).

Description

1

DEVICE OF AUTOMATIC BREECH-BLOCK UNLOCKING (VARIANTS)

TECHNICAL FIELD The invention concerns to weapon engineering, namely to devices for automatic breech-block unlocking actuated with energy of the accumulated gun-powder gases. BACKGROUND ART

The arms system generalised under a title "hyrojet" allowing usage in shooting weapon is known, namely - ammunitions - aerodynamic stabilisers as folding wings, which considerably increase resistance, limiting shell flight velocity. The starting device is made from duralumin alloy as a pistol (carbine), where the ignition takes place next way: the striker located before a shell in a cocked condition, knocks at a shell nose, moving it back where is located the firing pin, which pins ignition cap located in a shell back part. Striker resetting takes place when a shell moves forwards. The delivery is carried out from constant magazine, which filling happens through the special window by one shell.

The imperfection of that system is the low kinetic energy of a shell on small distances, as the propellant burning time makes 0,12 seconds.

There are problems during usage of ammunitions without cases, in which the case either is absent, or burns down during a shot, that saves rifleman to carry "dead weight" which makes cases.

These problems are stipulated mainly by complexity of a starting device construction because of absence of case, which could be used as the obturator. Without the case it is difficult to reload a weapon during a shot.

Besides the artillery system "volcano" is known, which doubtless quality is that the reload takes place after a shot, making it independent from masses of a shell and gun-powder charge. But, that is more important, the problem of a dynamic obturation is solved during a shot (capsulation of the barrel channel during the case movement). However this system cannot be used as base for creation of the shooting weapon, as the reload is carried out by the electric drive during rotation of a device consisting from several barrels. Naturally, it is inconvenient for fighter to carry ammunitions with accumulators.

Closest to the first variant of the offered invention is the device of automatic breech-block unlocking containing the main chamber located between an outside weapon barrel surface and breech-block carrier body, enveloping barrel and rigid adjusted to the breech-block, the barrel has the ledges, and the main chamber is communicated with the weapon barrel channel through vents in the barrel wall (Zhuk A. B. Rifles and submachine guns - M.: Military publishing house, 1987, p.155).

The indicated device ensures slow opening of a breech-block, but usage of a heavier bullet and large gun-powder charge mass results in the weapon reload in a moment when the bullet has not gone out yet from barrel channel.

Closest to remaining variants of the offered invention is the device of automatic breech-block opening containing the main chamber communicated with the weapon barrel channel through the vent in the barrel wall, piston with a rod (Zhuk A.B., Rifles and submachine guns. - M.: Military publishing house, 1987, p.152). The imperfection of indicated device is it the strong dependence on a mass of bullet and gunpowder charge, and possibility of weapon reload in a moment when a bullet has not gone out yet from barrel channel, that results in destruction of receiver and breech-block.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION The invention problem is the design of the device of automatic breech-block unlocking, permitting to use energy of accumulated gun-powder gases for the weapon reload and prevent the weapon reload in a moment when the bullet has not gone out yet from barrel channel.

Technical result is breech-block unlocking and weapon reload after a bullet gone out from the barrel channel.

The indicated technical result in the first variant of the device of automatic breech-block unlocking is reached by that it contains the main chamber located between an outside weapon barrel surface and the breech-block carrier body, enveloping barrel and rigid adjusted to the breech-block, the barrel has the ledges and the main chamber is communicated with the weapon barrel channel through the vents in the barrel wall; the device contains the additional chamber located between an outside barrel surface and breech-block carrier body, the transversal wall with vents and valve is adjusted between main and additional chambers.

The indicated technical result in the second invention variant is reached by that the device of automatic breech-block unlocking, containing the main chamber communicated with the weapon barrel channel through the vent in the barrel wall, and the piston, contains the additional chamber communicated with the weapon barrel channel through an additional vent in the barrel wall, in the additional chamber the valve with a spring is adjusted, the piston is placed in the main chamber, and the blocking element is located between main and additional chambers. The valve is executed as a hollow cylindrical element, in which lateral wall the vent superposed to an additional vent in the barrel wall is executed, and the spring is placed between a base part of the cylindrical element and frontal wall of the additional chamber.

The device of automatic breech-block unlocking according to the third variant contains the chamber communicated with the weapon barrel channel through the vent in the barrel wall, and the piston. In addition it contains the spring adjusted between a frontal wall of the chamber and the piston, and the piston is placed in the chamber between the spring and vent in the barrel wall.

In correspondence with the fourth variant the device of automatic breech-block unlocking, containing the main chamber communicated with the weapon barrel channel through the vent in a barrel wall, and piston with a rod, contains an additional chamber communicated with the weapon barrel channel through the additional vent in the barrel wall, the additional chamber has the lock element with spring, adjusted with interaction possibility with a ledge executed on the rod, the piston and valve with spring are located in the main chamber. The valve is executed as a cylindrical element, in which lateral wall the vent superposed to the vent in the barrel wall is executed, and the spring is placed between a base part of the cylindrical element and frontal wall of the main chamber.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION of DRAWINGS The invention is explained by drawings, where on Fig.l the scheme of the first device variant, longitudinal section is represented; on Fig. 2 the same, initial moment of bullet movement in the barrel channel; on Fig. 3 the same, at the moment of bullet going out from the b-arrel channel; on Fig. 4 the same, at the recoil moment of the breech-block carrier with the breech-block under accumulated gun-powder gases; on Fig. 5 the same, at the moment of the shell entering into the barrel channel; on Fig. 6 the same, shell is in the barrel channel; on Fig. 7 the scheme of the second device variant, longitudinal section; on Fig. 8 schemes of the third device variant, longitudinal section; on Fig. 9 schemes of the fourth device variant, longitudinal section. THE MODES FOR CARRING OUT THE INVENTION

The first variant of the device of automatic breech-block unlocking contains the main chamber 4 located between an outside weapon barrel 1 surface and breech-block carrier 12 body, enveloping barrel 1 and rigid adjusted to the breech-block 3. The barrel 1 has the ledges 10 and 11, and the main chamber 4 is^" communicated with the weapon barrel 1 channel through the vent 2 in the barrel 1 wall. The additional chamber 7 is located between an outside barrel 1 surface and breech-block carrier 12 body. Between main 4 and additional 7 chambers adjusted the transversal wall 5 with vents and valve 6. In the breech-block carrier 12 body the recoil spring 8 is placed. In the barrel 1 channel the shell 9 or jet shell is represented.

The second variant of the device of automatic breech-block unlocking contains the main chamber 1 , communicated with the weapon barrel 2 channel through the vent 3 in the barrel 2 wall, piston 4 placed in the main chamber 1, additional chamber 5 communicated with the weapon barrel 2 channel through an additional vent 6 in the barrel 2 wall. In the additional chamber 5 the valve 7 with a spring 8 is adjusted. Between main 1 and additional 5 chambers the blocking element 9 is located. The valve 7 is executed as a hollow cylindrical element, in which lateral wall the vent 10 superposed to an additional vent 6 in the barrel 2 wall is executed, and the spring 8 is placed between a base part of the cylindrical element and frontal wall of the additional chamber 5. In the barrel 2 channel the bullet 11 is represented.

The third variant of the device of automatic breech-block unlocking contains the chamber 1 communicated with the weapon barrel 2 channel through the vent 3 in the barrel 2 wall, piston 4 placed in the chamber 1, spring 5 adjusted between a frontal wall of the chamber 1 and piston 4, which is placed in the chamber 1 between the spring 5 and vent 3 in the barrel 2 wall. In the barrel 2 channel the bullet 6 or shell is represented.

The fourth variant of the device of automatic breech-block unlocking contains the main chamber 1, communicated with the weapon barrel 2 channel through the vent 3 in the barrel 2 wall, piston 4 with a rod 5, placed in the main chamber 1, additional chamber 6, communicated with the weapon barrel 2 channel through the additional vent 7 in the barrel 2 wall. The additional chamber 6 has the lock element 8 with spring, adjusted with interaction possibility with the ledge 9 executed on rod 5, and the valve 10 with spring 11 is placed in the main chamber 1. The valve 10 is executed as a hollow cylindrical element, in which lateral wall the vent 12 superposed to the vent 3 in the barrel 2 wall is executed, and the spring 11 is placed between a base part of the cylindrical element and frontal wall of the main chamber 1. In the barrel 2 channel the bullet 13 or shell is represented. Each from device variants works as follows.

In the first device variant after ignition of combustible mixture the gun-powder gases through the vents 2 penetrate into the main chamber 4 and, influencing, on the one hand, on a ledge barrel 10 and, on the other hand, on the transversal wall 5, stop the movement of breech-block 3 back and the barrel channel opening. At the same time, the gun-powder gases through the vents in the transversal wall 5 ^" and open valve 6 penetrate into the additional chamber 7, gradually being accumulated in it. After a bullet (jet shell) 9 gone out the barrel channel, the pressure in it drops and gun-powder gases abandon the main chamber 4 through the vents 2, therefore there is a pressure difference between the main chamber 4 and additional chamber 7, casing lock-out of the valve 6. The closed valve 6 does not permit gases accumulated in the chamber 7 to pass through the vents in the transversal wall 5 and they influencing, on the one hand, on the barrel ledge 11, and on the other hand on the transversal wall 5, cause the moving back of breech-block carrier 12 together with the breech-block 3 and opening of the barrel channel, then the reload of the weapon takes place. The second device variant works as follows.

Bullet or shell 11 pass by the vent 3, the gun-powder gases fill in the main chamber 1 and influencing the piston 4, move it against stop in the blocking element 9. After the bullet or shell passed by an additional vent 6, the gun-powder gases through an additional vent and vent 10 in a lateral wall of the hollow cylindrical element 7 fill in the element hollow and, leaving through an open frontal part of the cylindrical element 7, influence the piston 4 and base part of the cylindrical element 7. The spring 8 is contracted, the vent 10 displaces and lateral wall of the cylindrical element 7 overlap access of gun-powder gases to the cylindrical element hollow.

Up to a moment when a bullet or shell 11 gone out from the barrel 2 channel on the piston press gun-powder gases which are both in the main chamber 1, and in the additional chamber 5, herewith the piston 4 thrusts in a blocking element 9.

After a bullet or shell 11 gone out from the barrel 2 channel the equilibrium are troubled, the pressure of gun-powder gases in the main chamber 1 drops, and in the additional chamber 5 pressure are kept by the valve 7 as a cylindrical element and piston 4 under pressure of gun-powder gases were in the additional chamber 5, moves to the breech-block (is not shown), unlocking it. The reload of the weapon takes place, then the valve 7 as a hollow cylindrical element under the spring 8 is moved to an initial place, and the vent 10 in a lateral wall of the cylindrical element is superposed to the vent 6 in the barrel 2 wall.

The third device variant works as follows.

The bullet or shell 6 passes by the vent 3 in the barrel 2 channel. The gun-powder gases through the vent 3 fill in the chamber 1 and, influencing the piston 4, move it. The piston 4, moving, contracts the spring 5. Energy of gun-powder gases is accumulated by a spring 5. After a bullet 6 or shell gone out from the barrel channel 1, pressure in it drops and gun-powder gases leave from the chamber 1 in the barrel 2 channel. The spring unclenching, thrusts the piston 4, which unlocks the breech-block (is not shown) and the reload of the weapon takes place. The fourth device variant works as follows.

After passing of a bullet 13 by an additional vent 7 in the barrel 2 channel gun-powder gases fill in the additional chamber 6 and, influencing lock element, 8 move it. The lock element 8, moving to the rod 5, interacts with a ledge 9 executed on the rod 5 and blocks the piston 4. After passing of a bullet 13 by the vent 3 in the barrel 2 wall gun-powder gases pass into the main chamber 1, filling in the cylindrical element 10 hollow, which is the valve, through the vent 12 in a lateral wall of the cylindrical element superposed to the vent 3 in the barrel 2 wall. Gun-powder gases, filling in the cylindrical element 10 hollow influence the piston 4 and base part of the cylindrical element 10. As the piston is blocked by lock element 8, it remains fixed, and the spring 11 under the gun-powder gases influencing on a base part of the cylindrical element 10, is contracted. The cylindrical element 10 moves to the spring 11, the vent 12 in a lateral wall of the cylindrical element displaces and lateral wall of the cylindrical element overlaps access of gunpowder gases into the main chamber 1 and cylindrical element 10 hollow. After a bullet 13 gone out from the barrel 2 channel, pressure in the channel drops, the gunpowder gases leave from the additional chamber 6 through an additional vent 7, and the lock element 8 is returned, leaving from a linkage with ledge 9 executed on a rod 5. The unblocked piston 4 under compressed gun-powder gases were in the cylindrical element 10 hollow, and oblate spring 11 moves to the breech-block (is not shown) unlocks it and the reload of the weapon takes place.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The offered device variants can be used in the weapon with automation principle concluded in removal of gun-powder gases through the vent in a barrel wall and accumulation of their energy for the weapon reload. The offered variants of the device of automatic breech-block unlocking allow to improve the shooting and artillery weapon and to decide many strategic and tactic problems which require variations of cartridge power and mass of a bullet or shell.

With the mentioned device variants can be equipped shooting and artillery weapon in which both simple and jet shells are used. Herewith the weapon safety is improved as the reload takes place only after a bullet or shell gone out from the barrel channel.

It will increase fighting capacity of military units using the weapon with offered devices of automatic breech-block unlocking.

Claims

8

CLAIMS 1. The device of automatic breech-block unlocking containing the main chamber (4) located between an outside surface of weapon barrel (1) and breech-block carrier (12) body, enveloping barrel and rigid adjusted to the breech-block (3), the barrel has the ledges (10 and 11), and the main chamber (4) is communicated with the weapon barrel (1) channel through the vents (2) in the barrel (1) wall, distinguished by that it contains the additional chamber (7) located between an outside barrel (1) surface and breech-block carrier (12) body, between main (4) and additional (7) chambers is adjusted the transversal wall (5) with vents and valve (6).

2. The device of automatic breech-block unlocking containing the main chamber (1), communicated with the weapon barrel (2) channel through the vent (3) in the barrel (2) wall, and piston (4), distinguished by that it contains the additional chamber (5) communicated with the weapon barrel (2) channel through the additional vent (6) in the barrel (2) wall, in the additional chamber (5) the valve (7) with spring (8) is adjusted, the piston (4) is placed in the main chamber (1), and the blocking element (9) is located between main (1) and additional (5) chambers.

3. The device by clause 2 distinguished by that the valve (7) is executed as a hollow cylindrical element, in which lateral wall the vent (10), superposed to the additional vent (6) in the barrel (2) wall is executed, and the spring (8) is placed between a base part of the cylindrical element and frontal wall of the additional chamber (5).

4. The device of automatic breech-block unlocking containing the chamber (1) communicated with the weapon barrel (2) channel through the vent (3) in the barrel (2) wall and piston (4), distinguished by that it in addition contains spring (5) adjusted between a frontal wall of the chamber (1) and piston (4), and the piston (4) is placed in the chamber (1) between the spring (5) and vent (3) in the barrel (2) wall.

5. The device of automatic breech-block unlocking containing the main chamber (1) communicated with the weapon barrel (2) channel through the vent (3) in the barrel (1) wall, and piston (4) with rod (5), distinguished by that it contains the additional chamber (6) communicated with the weapon barrel (2) channel through the additional vent (7) in the barrel (2) wall, the additional chamber (6) has the a lock element (8) adjusted with interaction possibility with a ledge (9) executed on rod (5), the piston (4) and valve (10) with a spring (11) are placed in the main chamber (1).

6. The device by clause 5 distinguished by that the valve (10) is executed as a hollow cylindrical element, in which lateral wall the vent (12) superposed to the vent (3) in the barrel (2) wall is executed, and the spring (11) is placed between a base part of the cylindrical element and frontal wall of the main chamber (1).