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WO1999046473A9 - Installation d'ombrage a lamelles - Google Patents

Installation d'ombrage a lamelles

Info

Publication number
WO1999046473A9
WO1999046473A9 PCT/EP1999/001469 EP9901469W WO9946473A9 WO 1999046473 A9 WO1999046473 A9 WO 1999046473A9 EP 9901469 W EP9901469 W EP 9901469W WO 9946473 A9 WO9946473 A9 WO 9946473A9
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
slats
shading
row
blades
counter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP1999/001469
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO1999046473A1 (fr
Inventor
Fritz Harald Klotz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zentrum fuer Sonnenenergie und Wasserstoff Forschung Baden Wuerttemberg
Original Assignee
Zentrum fuer Sonnenenergie und Wasserstoff Forschung Baden Wuerttemberg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zentrum fuer Sonnenenergie und Wasserstoff Forschung Baden Wuerttemberg filed Critical Zentrum fuer Sonnenenergie und Wasserstoff Forschung Baden Wuerttemberg
Priority to EP99911749A priority Critical patent/EP1068422B9/fr
Priority to DE59905465T priority patent/DE59905465D1/de
Priority to AU30321/99A priority patent/AU3032199A/en
Priority to DK99911749T priority patent/DK1068422T5/da
Priority to AT99911749T priority patent/ATE239853T1/de
Publication of WO1999046473A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999046473A1/fr
Publication of WO1999046473A9 publication Critical patent/WO1999046473A9/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E06B9/26—Lamellar or like blinds, e.g. venetian blinds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shading system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Shading systems with a row of shading slats which are each pivotably arranged about a longitudinal axis running transversely to the row direction, are used, for example, for shading large facade or window surfaces on buildings, in particular on vertical facades and on inclined surfaces of skylights.
  • shading systems of this type in contrast to the existing, generic type of system, all slats are pivoted in the same direction.
  • Systems of this type are also known which, in addition to their shading function, also perform an additional function converting solar energy, for which purpose the row of slats is equipped with photovoltaic elements.
  • photovoltaic elements here means photovoltaically active components of any conventional type.
  • shading systems of the generic type have also been proposed, in which the slats are pivoted alternately in opposite directions.
  • the utility model DE 1 734 532 discloses such a system in the form of a louvre flap with a special lever mechanism for pivoting adjacent slats in opposite directions by pivoting angles of the same or similar size.
  • the invention is based on the technical problem of providing a louvre shading system of the type mentioned, in which the desired shading function is optimally performed and the least possible mutual shading of the louvres occurs, so that the system is good for an additional solar energy converting and / or light collecting when needed Function can be used.
  • the row of slats contains two groups of different, alternately arranged slats, namely a group of idler slats, which are preferably intended to follow the changing position of the sun, ie to be tracked, and a group of counter-rotating lamellae, which are arranged alternately to the idler lamellae.
  • the slats of the respective group are swiveled in the same direction among themselves, but those of one group in opposite directions to those of the other group.
  • the pivoting takes place in a special manner such that the opposing areas of adjacent slats are at least approximately next to one another and consequently not one behind the other within a pivoting area containing the closed position in the projection to the direction of sunlight. In other words, there is no significant overlap of the opposing areas when viewed in the direction of sunlight. neighboring slats and therefore no significant mutual shading of the slats.
  • the idler blades i.e. only every second slat of the slat row, covered with solar energy converting and / or light collecting elements, e.g. with photovoltaic elements or light concentrator elements.
  • the follow-up slats can be provided with such elements over the entire surface and can track the position of the sun within the said swiveling range of typically up to 120 °, without significant shadowing of this full-surface occupancy occurring.
  • the opposite pivoting movement of the counter-rotating blades to the pivoting movement of the idler blades is optimally controlled so that at least within a pivoting area containing the closed position of the row of blades, the facing outer edges are adjacent in each blade position Lay the slats on a connecting line that runs approximately parallel to the direction of sunlight. Any shading of the adjacent slats is thus avoided within this pivoting range.
  • this completely shadow-free swivel range for the idler slats is at least approx. ⁇ 60 ° around the closed position, which enables sunlight to be tracked over a correspondingly large angular range.
  • the counter-rotating plates pivot about half the pivoting angle of the idler plates.
  • the width of the counter-rotating lamellae becoming smaller compared to the width of the idler lamellae, the completely shading-free swivel range is reduced somewhat, but a certain excess of this swivel range, which is accompanied by the beginning of partial shading of the idler lamellae, can still be tolerable in some cases.
  • the counter-rotating slats are designed to control the light control, i.e. provided with appropriate light directing elements, such as light reflecting, light scattering or controlling the direction of transmitted light.
  • the counter-rotating slats can thus specifically fulfill a desired shading functionality. You can e.g. be designed so that they direct the daylight into an interior of the building through refraction and / or reflection. By realizing the counter-rotating lamella as a light reflection surface, the incident light can also be reflected to an adjacent tracking lamella if necessary and there in addition to the direct sunlight, e.g. be used photovoltaically, especially if the slats are already noticeably tilted relative to the closed position.
  • the row of slats is arranged with longitudinal longitudinal slat axes extending transversely to the horizontal.
  • the pivot axes are preferably parallel to or opposite to the vertical this is inclined at an acute angle.
  • Optimal sunlight yield is achieved by a north-south orientation with an inclination corresponding to the polar axis.
  • the arrangement of the slat swivel axes transversely to the horizontal has the great advantage that the idler slats can track the sun's course from east to west. Investigations show that this tracking, under otherwise identical conditions, enables a higher photovoltaic yield than tracking with respect to the height of the sun with horizontally arranged slat swiveling axes.
  • a tracking device for automatically pivoting the idler slats depending on the position of the sun.
  • the optimal east-west tracking can be implemented in the case of slat swiveling axes running transversely to the horizontal, but depending on the application, any other conventional sun tracking, such as one depending on the height of the sun.
  • the tracking device can include an electromotive, electrohydraulic or thermohydraulic actuator for the idler plates.
  • a linkage is provided with which the idler plates can be pivoted synchronously coupled.
  • the linkage in connection with the tracking device according to claim 5 is suitable for automatic tracking of the sun position of the idler plates.
  • the counter-rotating lamellae are coupled in opposite directions to the pivoting movement of the idler lamellae via a mechanical coupling mechanism, for example a simple lever arm or a four-bar linkage.
  • a mechanical coupling mechanism for example a simple lever arm or a four-bar linkage.
  • the idler blades are always pivoted within the shading-free pivoting area containing the closed position so that the sunlight strikes the lamella surfaces of these lamellae orthogonally in the projection to the plane perpendicular to the lamella pivot axes. In this way, an optimal efficiency for solar energy use can be achieved if these tracking lamella surfaces are covered with corresponding solar energy use elements.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic, partial side view of a photovoltaically active lamella shading system with idler blades and counter-rotating blades in an alternating arrangement and a tracking device with coupling linkage,
  • FIG. 2 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1, but for a shading system with a modified coupling linkage
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of a lever gear for the coupling linkage of Figs. 1 and 2 and
  • FIGS. 4 to 7 a schematic side view of two adjacent idler plates and an intermediate opposed plate of the systems according to FIGS. 1 and 2 in successively more tilted positions.
  • the slat shading system shown in Fig. 1 includes a row of slats with a group of idler slats la, lb, lc and an alternately arranged group of counter-running lamellae 2a, 2b, 2c, so that along the row direction R one idler lamella and one counter-running lamella follow each other.
  • the idler blades la, lb, lc are covered over their entire area on their side facing the sunlight with photovoltaic elements of any conventional type, such as thin-film solar cells made of monocrystalline, polycrystalline or amorphous silicon, and are therefore referred to below as photovoltaic blades.
  • photovoltaic elements of any conventional type, such as thin-film solar cells made of monocrystalline, polycrystalline or amorphous silicon, and are therefore referred to below as photovoltaic blades.
  • the photovoltaic slats la, lb, lc and the counter-rotating slats 2a, 2b, 2c have the same width, which in turn corresponds approximately to the distance between adjacent pivot axes 3 to 8, so that the row of slats in the closed position shown represents an essentially closed shading area.
  • Both types of lamellae la to 2c are not completely opaque to fulfill the shading function, but rather are designed to be translucid, ie partially translucent for visible light, so that glare-free lighting of the shaded room is achieved by sunlight and daylight.
  • the swiveling movement of the slats takes place automatically through a tracking device, of which only an associated actuator is shown, while its other components are of a conventional nature.
  • the actuator contains a hydraulic drive unit 9, alternatively an electromotive or thermohydraulic drive unit to which a coupling linkage is coupled.
  • the coupling linkage includes a first coupling rod 10 which is longitudinally movably coupled at one end to the drive unit 9 and to which all photovoltaic lamella la, lb, lc via associated cranks ll a, 11b, 11c are such coupled that they by that caused by the drive unit 9 longitudinal movement first coupling rod 10 can be pivoted synchronously in the same direction.
  • the link arms 11a, 11b, 11c are on the one hand rotatably connected to the first coupling rod 10 and, on the other hand, non-rotatably connected to a respective slat rotary shaft which represents the pivot axis 3, 5, 7.
  • the counter-rotating lamellae 2a, 2b, 2c are coupled together via analogue link arms 13a, 13b, 13c to a second coupling rod 12 for the purpose of joint, synchronous pivoting.
  • a lever mechanism ensures that the pivoting of the counter-rotating blades 2a, 2b, 2c takes place in the opposite direction to that of the photovoltaic blades la, lb, lc with a defined translation, which in this example is selected so that the pivoting angle of the counter-rotating blades 2a, 2b, 2c in Is almost half as large as the swivel angle of the photovoltaic slats la, lb, lc.
  • the lever mechanism couples the first counter-rotating lamella 2a in the direction of the drive unit 9 to the adjacent, end-side photovoltaic lamella la, so that the rotary movement actively caused by the drive unit 9 is translated by the lever mechanism, specifically reduced here, and in opposite directions to the first counter-rotating lamella 2a and from there is transmitted synchronously to the remaining counter-rotating plates 2b, 2c via the second coupling rod 12.
  • the lever mechanism has a lever arm 14 to which a coupling arm 15, 16 is articulated at its end, which are connected at its other end in a rotationally fixed manner to the rotating shaft 3 of the first photovoltaic plate 1a or the rotating shaft 4 of the first counter-rotating plate 2a.
  • FIG. ne variant in which the two coupling rods 10, 12 are arranged on the same side of the row plane. Otherwise, this variant corresponds entirely to the example of FIG. 1, which is clarified by the fact that the same reference numerals are used for functionally identical elements, so that reference can also be made to the explanations for FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates in more detail the principle of operation of the lever gear in a concrete design.
  • a desired swivel range of the photovoltaic slats of ⁇ 60 ° around the closed position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is predetermined, which corresponds to an equally large angle of rotation range ⁇ of the coupling arm 15 which is non-rotatably seated on the photovoltaic slat rotating shaft 3.
  • this angle of rotation range ⁇ of 120 ° is transformed into a half as large an angle of rotation range ⁇ of 60 ° for the coupling arm 16, which is non-rotatably seated on the counter-rotating disk rotating shaft 4.
  • the coupling arms 15, 16 and the lever arm 14 are matched in length and positioning so that the lines of action of the lever arm 14 approximately coincide in the end positions, one of which is shown in FIG. 3, and with the The bisector W of the swivel range ⁇ of the photovoltaic lamella coupling arm 15 forms a right angle.
  • the angular positions indicated by dashed radius rays in 20 ° steps from + 60 ° to -60 ° of the photovoltaic lamella coupling arm 15 correspond to the angular positions -27.1 °, -20.1 °, -11.1 °, in the counter-rotating lamella coupling arm 16.
  • FIGS. 4 to 7 illustrate the operation of the shading system according to FIGS. 1 and 2 adjacent sub exemplary view of two photovoltaic slats lb, l c and an intermediate counter-rotating blade 2b schematically in various tilt positions.
  • the row of lamellae is spatially oriented in this example in such a way that the lamella pivot axes 5, 6, 7 lie in a north-south plane, for example vertically or with an oblique angle to the vertical corresponding to the polar axis inclination.
  • the cardinal points are given in these figures as an example for the case that the system is located in the northern hemisphere.
  • the photovoltaic elements of the photovoltaic slats lb, lc are accordingly located on the slat side facing south.
  • Fig. 4 shows the three blades lb, lc, 2b in the closed position, i.e. at a swivel angle of 0 °.
  • the closed position shown is ideal for the midday, when the sunlight shines with the greatest intensity from the south.
  • the closed slats offer their full shading effect, and at the same time the sunlight falls as vertically as possible onto the photovoltaic elements in the given position of the shading system, so that an optimal photovoltaic yield is achieved.
  • the photovoltaic lamellae lb, lc are tracked by the tracking device in the east-west direction to the moving position of the sun by pivoting about their pivot axes 5, 7 within a pivoting range of ⁇ 60 ° around the closed position so that the sunlight is always as vertical as possible the photovoltaic elements are incident, ie in such a way that in the cross-sectional view of the lamella system represented by FIGS. 4 to 7, the corresponding projection of the direction of incidence of sunlight is perpendicular to the surfaces of the photovoltaic lamellae. 5 to 7 illustrate selected lamella positions with a successively increasing swivel angle.
  • FIG. 5 shows a position with photovoltaic lamella lb, lc tilted to the east by a swivel angle ⁇ of 30 °, while in opposite directions the counter-rotating lamella 2b is tilted to the west by a swivel angle ⁇ .
  • the opposite coupling of the counter-rotating blades with the photovoltaic blades is chosen in this illustration example so that the swivel angle ⁇ of the counter-rotating blades amounts to approximately 42% of the swivel angle of the photovoltaic blades. From Fig.
  • the proportion of sunlight impinging on the counter-rotating lamellae 2b is not used photovoltaically, but can be used for other purposes, for example for targeted, desired daylight illumination of the space behind it.
  • the counter-rotating lamellae 2b can be equipped with suitable light-directing elements, for example with light-scattering elements and / or elements controlling the direction and intensity of the transmitted light, such as prisms etc.
  • FIG. 6 shows a slat position in which the photovoltaic slats 1b, 1c are pivoted to the east by a pivoting angle ⁇ of 50 °.
  • the sunlight 20 in the horizontal projection shown hits the photovoltaic lamella lb, lc at the appropriate time of day, and here, too, the tangents 21 touch the edges of the photo- voltaic lamellae lb, lc just the edges of the counter-rotating lamellae 2b, so that again no direct sunlight can pass through the row of lamellae.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the case in which the respective counter-running lamella 2b is designed to be reflective, for example by being made of mirror glass.
  • FIG. 7 shows the lamella arrangement in its one end position, in which the photovoltaic lamella lb, lc are pivoted the farthest to the east by a swivel angle ⁇ of 60 °.
  • the position is selected depending on the position of the sun so that the sunlight 20 strikes the photovoltaic lamella 1b, 1c perpendicularly in the cross-sectional view shown.
  • the tangents 21 coincide with the mutually facing edges of the adjacent photovoltaic slats 1b, 1c and run in the plane of the intermediate counter-rotating slat 2b.
  • a closer look reveals that the condition that the respective photovoltaic lamella tangent 21 in each lamella position within the swiveling range grazes the adjacent, counter-rotating lamella edge and thus forms a connecting line that remains parallel to the direction of incidence of sunlight between the mutually facing edges of adjacent lamellae can then be met, when the swivel angle ⁇ of the counter-rotating slats 2b is set according to a determinable analytical function as a function of the swivel angle ⁇ of the photovoltaic slats 1b, lc.
  • this analytical function lies relatively close below a straight line connecting the end points, the slope of which in the case of lamellae of the same width described above is 0.5.
  • the maximum misalignment occurs in a middle area between the closed position and the respective end position and is only about 2 °. In a good approximation, this linear relationship can consequently be used in practice, which may be technically easier to implement.
  • the slats are pivoted in the morning into the end position according to FIG. 7, from which they are then successively pivoted back until they reach the closed position of FIG. 4 at noon. They are then pivoted in mirror image to the north-south vertical plane in accordance with the sequence of FIGS. 5 to 7 into the other end position, the photovoltaic lamellas 1b, 1c, ie from the closed position to one by 60 ° West tilted position.
  • the counter-rotating blades can have a different width than the photovoltaic blades.
  • the shading system can be arranged in any other than the spatial orientation shown on a facade or a skylight of a building or the like.
  • Both solar cells of the common types with a light absorber thin film and so-called light antenna solar cells with a nano-metal structure or electrochemical solar cells can be used as photovoltaic elements.
  • the tracking slats can also be equipped with other solar energy converting elements, such as flat absorbers or vacuum tube collectors for solar thermal conversion, or with light collecting elements, such as e.g.
  • the counter-rotating lamellae are preferably designed so that they fulfill the desired daylighting and shading functionality by means of diffraction, refraction or reflection of the direct or diffuse solar radiation. As a positive side effect, the reflected radiation can support the energy decoupling function of the idler plates.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Blinds (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
  • Scissors And Nippers (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Operating, Guiding And Securing Of Roll- Type Closing Members (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une installation d'ombrage comportant une rangée de lamelles d'ombrage qui sont chacune disposées de façon à pouvoir pivoter autour d'un axe longitudinal (3 à 8) s'étendant transversalement par rapport au sens (R) de ladite rangée. Selon l'invention, la rangée de lamelles est constituée de deux groupes (1a, 1b, 1c; 2a, 2b, 2c) de différentes lamelles d'ombrage disposées de façon alternée, les lamelles d'un groupe pouvant être basculées dans le même sens et, par rapport à celles de l'autre groupe, en sens contraire. Le premier groupe (1a, 1b, 1c) peut être pourvu d'éléments transformant l'énergie solaire et/ou collectant la lumière. Cette installation peut être utilisée, par exemple, pour abriter du soleil des façades ou des impostes de bâtiment, tout en permettant l'exploitation du photovoltaïsme.
PCT/EP1999/001469 1998-03-11 1999-03-08 Installation d'ombrage a lamelles Ceased WO1999046473A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99911749A EP1068422B9 (fr) 1998-03-11 1999-03-08 Installation d'ombrage a lamelles
DE59905465T DE59905465D1 (de) 1998-03-11 1999-03-08 Lamellenbeschattungsanlage
AU30321/99A AU3032199A (en) 1998-03-11 1999-03-08 Shading installation with blades
DK99911749T DK1068422T5 (da) 1998-03-11 1999-03-08 Afskærmningssystem med lameller
AT99911749T ATE239853T1 (de) 1998-03-11 1999-03-08 Lamellenbeschattungsanlage

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19810436.7 1998-03-11
DE19810436A DE19810436A1 (de) 1998-03-11 1998-03-11 Lamellenbeschattungsanlage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999046473A1 WO1999046473A1 (fr) 1999-09-16
WO1999046473A9 true WO1999046473A9 (fr) 1999-12-02

Family

ID=7860455

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1999/001469 Ceased WO1999046473A1 (fr) 1998-03-11 1999-03-08 Installation d'ombrage a lamelles

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1068422B9 (fr)
AT (1) ATE239853T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU3032199A (fr)
DE (2) DE19810436A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK1068422T5 (fr)
ES (1) ES2200510T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT1068422E (fr)
WO (1) WO1999046473A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6459033B1 (en) * 1999-10-03 2002-10-01 Mueller Hermann-Frank Removably mountable blind-type curtain
DE202016103216U1 (de) 2016-06-17 2017-09-19 Ludewig Gmbh Fassadenabschattung sowie Scherenarm für eine Fassadenabschattung

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1734532U (de) * 1956-06-28 1956-11-22 Trox Gmbh Geb Jalousieklappe mit gegenlaeufig zueinander verstellbaren lamellen.
FR2110753A5 (fr) * 1970-10-29 1972-06-02 Etu Realisa Indles
DE4239003C2 (de) * 1991-11-19 1995-03-09 Gartner & Co J Sonnenschutz mit lichtlenkenden Eigenschaften
FR2691744A1 (fr) * 1992-05-29 1993-12-03 Garin Joseph Stores à lamelles indépendantes suspendues dont les lamelles adjacentes tournent dans un sens opposé.
DE4302883A1 (de) * 1992-10-06 1994-04-07 Colt Int Holdings Beschattungsvorrichtung für mit einer Verglasung versehene Fassaden- oder Dachelemente

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT1068422E (pt) 2003-09-30
DE59905465D1 (de) 2003-06-12
WO1999046473A1 (fr) 1999-09-16
DK1068422T5 (da) 2004-01-05
ES2200510T3 (es) 2004-03-01
EP1068422A1 (fr) 2001-01-17
DE19810436A1 (de) 1999-09-23
ATE239853T1 (de) 2003-05-15
DK1068422T3 (da) 2003-09-01
EP1068422B9 (fr) 2003-11-05
AU3032199A (en) 1999-09-27
EP1068422B1 (fr) 2003-05-07

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