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WO1999042673A2 - Compositions pour structures de construction et procede de production de structures de construction - Google Patents

Compositions pour structures de construction et procede de production de structures de construction Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999042673A2
WO1999042673A2 PCT/US1999/003691 US9903691W WO9942673A2 WO 1999042673 A2 WO1999042673 A2 WO 1999042673A2 US 9903691 W US9903691 W US 9903691W WO 9942673 A2 WO9942673 A2 WO 9942673A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
construction form
starting material
agent
phosphate
construction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1999/003691
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO1999042673A3 (fr
Inventor
Charles E. Baldwin
Alioune Sogue
Richard T. Jensen
Joseph D. Mckaig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rocky Mountain Remediation Services LLC
Original Assignee
Rocky Mountain Remediation Services LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rocky Mountain Remediation Services LLC filed Critical Rocky Mountain Remediation Services LLC
Priority to AU27763/99A priority Critical patent/AU2776399A/en
Publication of WO1999042673A2 publication Critical patent/WO1999042673A2/fr
Publication of WO1999042673A3 publication Critical patent/WO1999042673A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/34—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing cold phosphate binders
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/36—Inorganic materials not provided for in groups C04B14/022 and C04B14/04 - C04B14/34
    • C04B14/361—Soil, e.g. laterite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/12—Waste materials; Refuse from quarries, mining or the like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to construction form compositions and methods for preparing and using such construction forms.
  • the present invention relates to construction forms and method for preparing construction forms which comprise a compacted mixture including two primary components: a phosphate agent and a starting material such as soil, soil-containing compositions, mine tailings or mill tailings. Other additives such as debris, fly ash and metal oxide agents may also be included.
  • the construction forms have excellent compressive strength and are well-suited for a variety of structural purposes.
  • bricks were molded, rectangular blocks, generally made from clay- containing soils. Perhaps the most well-known of such bricks is the adobe brick.
  • Adobe bricks are prepared by thoroughly mixing soil and water to produce a plastic form that can be molded into almost any shape. The brick is then heated or allowed to dry naturally in the sun to yield the final product. Straw and sand are often added to reduce the shrinkage and subsequent cracking that occurs in soils having high clay content.
  • the current invention discloses construction materials and a method of producing such materials using phosphates, with or without additives, that meets this need.
  • the current invention provides construction forms or materials and a method for producing such construction forms .
  • the construction materials provided for in the present invention comprise a compacted mixture including a starting material and a phosphate agent.
  • the starting material may include soils, soil-containing compositions, mine tailings, mill tailings and combinations thereof.
  • the construction form may also include additives such as debris, fly ash and/or a metal oxide agent.
  • the construction materials or forms described in this invention have several advantages.
  • the construction forms can be produced from diverse starting materials. As noted above, these include soils, soil-containing compositions, mine and mill tailings and combinations of these.
  • the binder provided for in this invention consists of simple phosphate chemicals that are inexpensive and readily available.
  • the construction forms can also be produced at room temperature using standard soil handling equipment, thereby allowing the forms to be easily manufactured in a variety of settings, including field operations.
  • the construction forms exhibit high compressive strength, as well as good durability and workability. The strength of the construction forms is because the phosphate agent in the construction form binds with constituents in the starting material, thus forming a cohesive matrix which binds particles within the construction form together.
  • the result is a hard, ceramic-like material in which constituents in the starting material are held together by chemical and physical means.
  • the method of producing the construction form involves mixing the starting material with at least a phosphate agent. If desired, an additive can be included with the starting material and phosphate agent. The resulting mixture is then compacted to yield a construction form. A water-proofing agent may also be added to the form to provide additional durability in wet environments. Finally, the construction material or form may be cured at room temperature to further increase the compressive strength of the form.
  • the method of the present invention has numerous advantages.
  • This invention can utilize numerous non-hazardous phosphate agents as a binder; the method is not limited to using hazardous phosphoric acid. It is possible to use dry phosphate powders, which when combined with water, can be safely and easily added to the starting material, thus making the process much more amenable to field operations. In some cases, particularly when the starting material contains some moisture, dry phosphate powders can be used directly.
  • additives can be included, additional additives are not required.
  • sulfate agents including, for example, gypsum, anhydrite, alum and halites
  • carbonate agents including, for example, simple carbonate salts as well as lime and Portland cement
  • complexing agents including, for example, " Fe " (II), Fe(III) or Al(III)
  • metal oxides including, for example. MgO. CaO. FeO, Fe : 0 3 and Fe 3 O 4
  • hydroxides including, for example. MgO. CaO. FeO, Fe : 0 3 and Fe 3 O 4
  • the result is a simple and inexpensive way of preparing construction materials.
  • the method produces a hard, ceramic-like material which binds constituents and any contaminants in the starting material by both chemical and physical means, thus yielding a product which has long term stability.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for preparing construction forms by compacting a mixture comprised of a starting material and phosphate agent.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating how compressive strength increases as the concentration of phosphate agent is increased.
  • construction materials having a high compressive strength can be prepared from diverse starting materials including, for example, soils, soil-containing compositions, mine tailings, mill tailings and combinations thereof by mixing the starting material with a phosphate agent and compacting the resulting mixture.
  • the phosphate agent binds constituents in the starting material and, in combination with compaction, yields a hard ceramic-like material which is well-suited as a construction material.
  • the construction forms prepared according to the present invention have excellent strength, are long lasting and are in a form which provides for facile handling and transport.
  • compositions comprising a starting material and a phosphate agent, with and without other additives.
  • This composition has numerous applications including, for example, forming construction materials, especially bricks.
  • the composition has additional utility as a mortar to bond the construction forms provided for by this invention as well as other construction materials.
  • the composition includes a phosphate agent combined with a starting material in which the starting material may include soils, soil-containing compositions, mine tailings, mill tailings and combinations of these materials.
  • the "phosphate agent” included in the composition is meant to broadly include chemicals capable of supplying a phosphate anion, including polymeric compounds which contain a phosphorous-oxygen-phosphorous bond.
  • a non-exhaustive list which illustrates the scope of such chemicals includes phosphoric acid and its salts.
  • the phosphoric acid salts may be of the monobasic, dibasic or tribasic form.
  • the counterion of these salts may include, but is not limited to, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, aluminum, iron, zinc and ammonium ion, or combinations thereof.
  • the phosphate agent may come from a mineral source such as fluorapatite [Ca 10 (PO 4 )6F 2 ], hydroxyapatite [Ca, 0 (PO 4 )6(OH) 2 ] (also synthetic forms), and phosphate rock (used here to mean the naturally occurring rock which consists primarily of calcium phosphate).
  • the phosphate agent may also be in the form of single superphosphate, superphosphate and triple superphosphate, forms of phosphate which can be obtained from standard commercial fertilizers.
  • Superphosphate refers to a mixture of calcium sulfate and calcium phosphate; it is typically prepared by adding sulfuric acid to phosphate rock, bone ash or basic slag.
  • Triple superphosphate is defined as P 2 O 5 , such as can be found in commercial fertilizers. It is also possible for the phosphate agent to be a metaphosphate compound, a pyrophosphate or polyphosphoric acid or a salt thereof. "Polyphosphoric acid” is defined to mean chemicals having the general formula of H n+2 P n O 3n+1 where n is greater than 1. Polyphosphates include the salts of polyphosphoric acid.
  • the phosphate agent may also be a long chain compound including, for example, sodium hexametaphosphate (available from Monsanto in powder or granular form; CAS No. 68915-31-1).
  • the counterions associated with these chemicals may include those listed above for the phosphoric acid salts. Combinations of the foregoing chemicals also be used.
  • the amount of phosphate agent included within the composition depends upon the amount of contaminant in the starting material, if any, and on the characteristics of the starting material. In general, however, w hen the phosphate agent is phosphoric acid, 5 to 20 percent of phosphoric acid by weight is sufficient (unless stated otherwise, all phosphate agent weight percentages are expressed relative to the weight of the starting material). In the case of triple super phosphate (TSP), 3 to 20 percent of TSP will effectively immobilize metal contaminants.
  • TSP triple super phosphate
  • HMP hexametaphosphate
  • dry powdered sodium HMP is added to water, preferably in the concentration of 1.75 kg per liter.
  • the amount of HMP added to the starting material varies but, based upon the dry weight of the powder, 0.5 to 8 percent by weight relative to the starting material is typical; preferably, the amount is approximately 1 to 3 percent by weight.
  • the composition may also include additives.
  • the particular additive selected for inclusion in the composition may depend upon some characteristic which is desired in the final construction form. Additives may also be included as a convenient way to effectively deal with a waste that would otherwise require separate disposal.
  • the composition may also contain debris, including, but not limited to, aggregate, glass, metal, plastic, paper, concrete, asphalt, wood, ceramics and combinations thereof.
  • debris including, but not limited to, aggregate, glass, metal, plastic, paper, concrete, asphalt, wood, ceramics and combinations thereof.
  • the amount of debris included in the composition varies somewhat with the nature of the starting material, but generally can comprise up to 10 percent by weight relative to the combined weight of the starting material and the added debris.
  • the composition provides a means for encapsulating debris.
  • the composition may additionally include fly ash, the inclusion of which may help to impart greater strength to the composition.
  • fly ash is meant to include by-products in the combustion of coal in large power plants.
  • the fly ash is Class C or Class F fly ash which can be purchased from a variety of sources.
  • the amount of fly ash added preferably does not exceed 25 weight percent relative to the weight of the starting material and may be less than 15 weight percent in some cases..
  • a metal oxide agent may also be included in the composition.
  • metal oxide agent is meant to include metal oxides generally, and MgO. CaO, FeO, Fe 2 O 3 and Fe 3 O 4 in particular.
  • the amount of metal oxide agent added is typically less than 50 percent by weight relative to the weight of the starting material; in some cases, the weight percentage may be less than 15 percent.
  • composition may also include combinations of debris, fly ash and metal oxide agent rather than simply containing a single additive. Concentrations of these additional components would be within the ranges set forth above.
  • the composition is a compacted mixture.
  • the construction form is compressed at a force of up to 3,000 pounds per square inch, although the actual pressure will depend upon the nature of the starting material and the intended use of the construction form.
  • the compressive force is 1,500 to 3,000 pounds per square inch.
  • fly ash is a component in the composition, pressures may exceed 2,500 pounds per square inch.
  • the density of the resulting construction form is approximately 128 pounds/in 2 ; at 40 percent volume reduction, density is roughly 170 pounds/in 2 .
  • Final densities vary with the nature of the starting material and the extent of compaction.
  • the construction form may be of a predetermined shape.
  • the options with regard to the final shape are essentially limitless. In general, a shape is desired which enables multiple construction forms to be interlinked with one another, thereby enhancing their use in construction projects.
  • Examples of construction forms having particularly useful shapes include, but are not limited to, rectangular, square, hexagonal, and T-shaped blocks.
  • the construction form may also include a first interlocking member.
  • a first interlocking member might include, for example, a hole running through the construction form through which a connecting rod might be inserted to assist in stabilizing a stack of construction forms.
  • the construction form includes a first and second interlocking member, such that an interlocking member on one construction form is capable of interlocking with an interlocking member on another construction form.
  • a construction form may have a first and second face which are on opposing sides of the construction form. A first interlocking member might be located on the first face; the second interlocking member would be located on the second face.
  • the interlocking members would be sized so that a first interlocking member on one construction form would be capable of interlocking with the second interlocking member on another construction form.
  • the first interlocking member might include a ridge
  • the second interlocking member might include a depression sized to accommodate the ridge on another block.
  • Numerous other variations on these general approaches could be successfully utilized.
  • the construction form composition may also include a water-proofing agent to increase the stability of the construction form when exposed to water for extended periods. Numerous water-proofing agents could be utilized, including, for example, polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane and asphalt emulsions.
  • the construction forms of the present invention can be utilized in essentially any construction project, including domestic uses such as home building.
  • the construction forms could also be used, for example, in pit liners, erosion control systems, construction barriers, road beds, embankments and retaining walls.
  • the method of the invention provides a method for producing construction forms from a starting material and a phosphate agent, with or without other additives; the process is shown schematically in FIG. 1, where the broken lines indicate optional steps.
  • the method comprises two primary steps.
  • the first step involves mixing a starting material with a phosphate agent to form a mixture, wherein the starting material is soil, soil-containing compositions, mine tailings, mill tailings, or combinations of these.
  • the mixture is compacted to produce the construction form.
  • the starting material is preferably reduced in size by grinding and screening the starting material: most preferably the starting material is size reduced to 4 centimeters or less in all dimensions. It is " not necessary, however, to produce a powder wherein the average particle size is on the micron level.
  • a solution containing the phosphate agent is prepared by diluting a concentrated form of the phosphate agent with water.
  • the type and amount of the phosphate agent used are as described above for the section on the composition of the construction forms.
  • a mixing step follows the preparation of the starting material and the phosphate agent.
  • the starting material is mixed with'at least the phosphate agent to form a mixture.
  • the debris is preferably size reduced to 4 centimeters or less in all dimensions before mixing.
  • debris may be mixed with the starting material; the debris may include, but is not limited to, aggregate, glass, metal, plastic, paper, concrete, asphalt, wood, ceramics and combinations thereof.
  • the amount of debris added is less than ten percent by volume relative to that of the starting material. Inclusion of debris means the present method provides a convenient process for encapsulating secondary waste streams.
  • Fly ash may also be mixed in with the starting material. As noted earlier, typically the amount of fly ash does not exceed 25 weight percent based on weight of the starting material. It is also possible to include a metal oxide agent with the starting material. The metal oxide agent includes those compounds described above and is typically added such that the final concentration does not exceed 50 weight percent relative to the weight of the starting material. In some instances, the metal oxide may be included at less than 15 weight percent. Debris, fly ash and metal oxide agent need not be added singly to the starting material. It is possible to add combinations of two or more of these components so long as the amounts added are within the percentages set forth above.
  • the mixing of the starting material, phosphate agent and additives, if any, can be performed in any type of mixer which can adequately blend the components into a uniform mix, including for example, a pug mill or other standard mixing equipment. If prepared as a solution, the phosphate agent, can be pumped using conventional pumping into a spray bar which is located in the mixer and the phosphate agent sprayed over the mix. The phosphate agent is typically added in minutes and mixed with the starting material and any additives until the phosphate agent is uniformly distributed throughout the mixture. This mixing step can often be accomplished in as little as five minutes or less.
  • the moisture content of the mixture is preferably 10 percent or less by weight, and most preferably, is 8 percent or less. Based on the moisture content of the mixture, additional water may be added as necessary to achieve the preferred moisture levels. The preferred water content will also depend upon the physical characteristics of the starting material and can be varied so that after compaction a physically stable product is obtained.
  • compaction is defined to mean not just the addition of pressure, but the application of force which results in densification and significant volume reduction of the original material.
  • the compaction step can be accomplished in a variety of ways.
  • the mixture may be transferred to any of a number of conventional compactors and then compressed.
  • Compaction may include vibratory compaction using vibratory tampers, plate compactors and rollers.
  • Compaction may also be accomplished using kneading compaction utilizing, for example, tamping rollers, sheepsfoot rollers, mesh or grid pattern rollers, and rubber tire rollers.
  • Static compaction may also be employed, including, for example, the use of compaction presses and hand-operated tampers.
  • Dynamic compaction is another option, including, for example, the dropping of weights.
  • Harmonic compaction can also be utilized, such as that described in U.S. Patents 4,456.574 and 4.531.903 to Frey et al. These compactors may be at a fixed site or may be part of a mobile facility. In the latter case, the construction forms can be produced on site, thereby eliminating the cost of shipping the end product to its final destination.
  • Compaction forces will vary depending on the final composition of the mixture and on the intended use of the construction form, but typically a force of up to 3,000 pounds per square inch is applied. Preferably, the compressive force is 1,500 to 3,000 pounds per square inch. In some instances, particularly when fly ash is added, the compressive forces may exceed 2,500 psi. Volume reductions up to and greater than 50 volume percent are achieved depending on the composition of the starting material and the compaction force which is applied. Preferably, compaction achieves a volume reduction of at least 20 percent.
  • the method may include a curing step after the compacting step in order to obtain a stronger construction form. During the curing step, the construction form is allowed to dry at room temperature, typically for a period ranging from one hour to about one month.
  • a water-proofing agent may also be added to the construction form to enhance the durability of the construction form when exposed to water.
  • the water-proofing agent may include, but is not limited to, polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane and asphalt emulsions.
  • the water-proofing agent may be applied by coating the construction form or by including the water-proofing agent during the mixing step.
  • the excellent compressive strength characteristics and durability make the construction forms of the present invention well-suited for use in essentially any construction project, including for example, use in barriers, embankments, and even homes.
  • the optional interlocking members facilitates stacking and arranging the construction forms into a stable assembly.
  • the following are a non-exclusive list of representative examples of how the construction forms of the present invention could be utilized. This list is in no way to be considered a complete listing of the uses of the present construction forms.
  • the construction forms can be used in the construction of disposal pit liners.
  • construction forms are prepared as described above. After selecting an appropriate location, a disposal pit is excavated to the desired size.
  • the construction forms can then be arranged and interlinked using the interlocking members to form a stable and long-lasting liner.
  • the construction forms also have utility in preparing a variety of walls and barriers which can be used in erosion control projects, construction barriers and retaining walls.
  • Using the construction forms in road beds represents another use of the current construction forms.
  • the road surface could optionally be prepared using earth moving equipment to level the site.
  • the construction forms could then be arranged, again preferably using the interlocking members, to form a stable road surface.
  • Example I Compressive Strength of Construction Forms Prepared from Diverse Starting Materials
  • the starting materials included samples comprised primarily of: 1) sand and clay, 2) mill tailings, and 3) mine tailings.
  • construction forms were prepared at bench scale (0.25 pounds of starting material/construction form) and full scale (36 pounds of starting material/construction form). Separate tests at each of these levels were generally conducted with and without added debris (generally 10 percent by volume relative to the starting material).
  • the starting materials were sized reduced by screening so that particles were less than 4 cm in all dimensions. When debris was added, it was size reduced in a similar fashion.
  • the phosphate agent employed in this test was dry, powdered sodium hexametaphosphate (HMP) purchased from Monsanto. HMP was added to water in the concentration of 1.75 kg per liter of water; dissolution was achieved at room temperature. In each set of tests, HMP was sprayed uniformly over the samples and mixed with the starting material and debris, if any. Final HMP concentration based upon the dry weight of the powder was approximately 6 percent relative to the weight of the starting material. Compaction was accomplished using a hydraulic punch and die. For blocks sized
  • compaction forces were approximately 1,600 pounds per square inch. After compacting, the construction form was allowed to cure for approximately 7 days. Compressive strengths were determined using a point load machine (e.g., an InstronTM machine) according to ASTM methods. Volume reduction, i.e. the extent of compaction, was determined by subtracting the volume of the final construction form from the bulk volume of the starting material (including debris, if any), dividing the difference by the volume of the starting material plus any debris and then multiplying the result by 100.
  • point load machine e.g., an InstronTM machine
  • Bench-Scale w/o Debris 345 28 w/10% Debris 283 Full-Scale w/o Debris 359 44 w/10% Debris Mill Tailings Bench-Scale w/o Debris 394 31 w/5% Debris 1054 31 Full-Scale w/o Debris 66 w/Debris Mine Tailings Bench-Scale w/o Debris 203 44 w/Debris 327 Full-Scale w/o Debris 78 33
  • Example II Different aqueous solutions containing increasing concentrations of HMP were prepared (0.70, 1.0, 1.20 and 1.75 kg/1). The samples of starting material were treated and compacted as described in Example I. Compressive strength was also determined as described in Example I. As shown in FIG. 2, compressive strength increased with increasing binder concentration. In particular, compressive strength doubled (600 psi to
  • Example I including the 7 day cure period. Compressive strength values were also determined as described in Example I.
  • Grade 1 means the brick is nondispersive under the test conditions just described. In particular, no clay suspension is noticed in the dish used for the test; thus, the brick is classified as insoluble in water after 24 hours of immersion.
  • Grade 4 means the brick is dispersive. In this case, bricks subjected to the test disintegrate in water in less than 24 hours; thus, the bricks are classified as soluble in water.
  • Table 2 summarizes the results of the compressive strength and CRUMB tests.
  • the first number in the Sample I.D. in Table 2 represents HMP concentration; the second number represents fly ash concentration.
  • sample 1B-15A contained 1 percent HMP and 15 percent fly ash by weight, relative to the weight of the starting material.
  • the results show that compressive strength increased with increasing phosphate concentration. Yet, even at very low concentrations of HMP, excellent compressive strength was obtained. In all cases except one, the bricks were non-dispersive as defined according to the CRUMB test.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une structure de construction et un procédé de préparation et d'utilisation de cette structure de construction. La structure de construction comprend un mélange compacté contenant un agent phosphaté et un matériau de départ, ce dernier étant sélectionné dans un groupe comprenant de la terre, des compositions contenant de la terre, des résidus miniers, des déchets d'usine et des combinaisons de ces divers éléments. La structure de construction peut comprendre d'autres additifs tels que débris, cendres volantes et/ou un agent d'oxyde métallique, ainsi qu'un agent d'étanchéité. La structure de construction comprend de préférence au moins un élément d'emboîtement facilitant l'assemblage des différentes structures de construction entre elles. L'invention concerne également un procédé permettant de produire de telles structures de construction, ce procédé consistant, dans sa version la plus élémentaire, à mélanger un matériau de départ avec un agent phosphaté et à compacter le mélange résultant. La structure de construction ainsi obtenue présente une excellente résistance à la compression, longévité et maniabilité.
PCT/US1999/003691 1998-02-18 1999-02-18 Compositions pour structures de construction et procede de production de structures de construction Ceased WO1999042673A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU27763/99A AU2776399A (en) 1998-02-18 1999-02-18 Construction form compositions and process for making construction forms

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US2560298A 1998-02-18 1998-02-18
US09/025,602 1998-02-18

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WO1999042673A2 true WO1999042673A2 (fr) 1999-08-26
WO1999042673A3 WO1999042673A3 (fr) 1999-10-21

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103436057A (zh) * 2013-08-20 2013-12-11 陈双喜 一种环保砂岩漆的制造方法

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US4353749A (en) * 1980-10-23 1982-10-12 Ray Louis F Process of producing a useful soil cement product from industrial chemical waste
US5284636A (en) * 1992-03-25 1994-02-08 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Method of stabilizing heavy metals in ash residues from combustion devices by addition of elemental phosphorus
US5545805A (en) * 1995-06-07 1996-08-13 Chesner Engineering, Pc Enhanced stabilization of lead in solid residues using acid oxyanion and alkali-metal carbonate treatment
US5830815A (en) * 1996-03-18 1998-11-03 The University Of Chicago Method of waste stabilization via chemically bonded phosphate ceramics

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103436057A (zh) * 2013-08-20 2013-12-11 陈双喜 一种环保砂岩漆的制造方法

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WO1999042673A3 (fr) 1999-10-21
ZA991295B (en) 1999-08-18

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