WO1999041550A1 - Heating plate for floors, ceilings, walls - Google Patents
Heating plate for floors, ceilings, walls Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999041550A1 WO1999041550A1 PCT/DE1999/000403 DE9900403W WO9941550A1 WO 1999041550 A1 WO1999041550 A1 WO 1999041550A1 DE 9900403 W DE9900403 W DE 9900403W WO 9941550 A1 WO9941550 A1 WO 9941550A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- heating
- heating plate
- electric heating
- plate according
- conductor
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
- F24D13/02—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating
- F24D13/022—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating resistances incorporated in construction elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
- E04F13/04—Bases for plaster
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0869—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having conduits for fluids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2290/00—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
- E04F2290/02—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for accommodating service installations or utility lines, e.g. heating conduits, electrical lines, lighting devices or service outlets
- E04F2290/023—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for accommodating service installations or utility lines, e.g. heating conduits, electrical lines, lighting devices or service outlets for heating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrical heating plate for floor and / or ceiling and / or wall, with an insulating plate and a heating conductor.
- underfloor heating For the production of underfloor heating, pipelines are known to be laid in or under the screed during the construction phase, which are supplied with hot water.
- heating floors or other surfaces is also possible with electrical energy.
- the advantage of such surface heating systems is that they generate a pleasant room climate even at low temperatures due to the uniform, large-area heat radiation, which leads to considerable energy savings.
- One possibility of realizing an electric floor heating is that a fabric mat provided with heating wires is placed on the base of the surface to be heated and fixed with a suitable adhesive.
- the surface can be z. B. consist of a thermally insulating insulation layer or a screed layer. In order to obtain a level surface for further layers of covering, this heating mat must be leveled with another layer of screed.
- This power is emitted to the environment in the form of heat radiation.
- Special heat-conducting adhesives, screeds etc. are used to improve the heat transfer.
- So-called PTC thermistors with low specific resistance are used to connect the heating conductors to the power supply.
- Such a heater can also be installed on other surfaces such as walls or ceilings.
- the previously known electrical underfloor heating systems have the disadvantage that, on the one hand, the known heating plates require additional thermal insulation layers, which is associated with increased costs for laying, or that the electrical heating mats have to be leveled with a screed layer, which leads to a standstill in the construction process of at least 48 hours, the time that a screed needs at least to set before further covering work can be carried out.
- the invention has set itself the task of creating a heating plate which can be used in the construction industry and which is supplied with electrical energy and in which the further laying work can be started immediately after completion of the laying, and which is thermal with an insulating layer against the substrate is isolated.
- the insulation plate has an upwardly open, continuous groove and the heating conductor is embedded in the groove, and the heating conductor can be connected to the power supply via electrical outgoing lines on the side face of the insulation plate.
- the main idea of the invention is to obtain an electrical heating plate by embedding a heating conductor in a groove on the top of an insulating plate.
- This insulation board consists of a commercially available or building material that meets the requirements for thermal insulation against the substrate. It can be z.
- B. is a rigid foam sheet made of polystyrene. A plate is placed in this panel over the surface of the insulation. plate-extending and upwardly open, continuous groove is made, which starts from the side edge of the insulation board and usually ends in a self-contained way. According to the invention, it is not necessary for the beginning and end of the groove to be close to one another on one side of the insulation board. For example, they can also lie on opposite sides of the insulation board.
- This groove can, for example, be machined into the insulation board using a milling head.
- the heating conductor is inserted into this groove and connected to the electrical power supply via connections that are attached to the side of the insulation panel. It is irrelevant according to the invention whether each heating plate is individually connected to the power supply or whether adjacent heating plates are electrically connected to one another and there is only a single connection to the power supply.
- the further equipping of the heating plate or the entire underfloor heating with, inter alia, a thermostat, temperature sensors or overheating protection devices is to be carried out in an analogous manner to previously known electric underfloor heating systems and is known to the person skilled in the art. If an underfloor heating system is installed using the method described below, a heating plate is obtained on which the floor can be built up immediately and quickly.
- a reinforcing layer for example consisting of a screed layer reinforced with glass fiber mats, to create a floor covering with the necessary resistance to tread to protect the insulation board and the heating conductor from damage during use of the floor .
- a reinforcement layer on the insulation board as is required when laying carpets, it is considered to be advantageous to attach it on the insulation board and on the groove fitted with the heating conductor immediately, i.e. before installation, at the factory that after the laying of such configurations, the reinforcing layer is already present, and the carpet can be laid immediately afterwards.
- An advantageous further development consists in gluing the heating conductor in the groove, whereby on the one hand it is fixed in its position in the groove and on the other hand it is also protected against damage during transport or laying of the insulation board.
- an adhesive must be used which has a certain elasticity in order to compensate for the slight change in length of the conductor under the influence of heat, and additionally has good thermal conductivity so as not to hinder the heat transfer from the heating conductor to the surroundings.
- Such adhesives are known and available in various designs on the market.
- each heating plate is connected directly, ie individually and directly, to the energy supply located in the peripheral area of the room via an electrically insulated cable. This avoids exposed metal parts that are under voltage and that could give rise to short circuits.
- the watertight connection of heating conductors to the supply lines is not a problem for the person skilled in the art.
- Another possible embodiment of the invention is to provide the heating conductors and the supply lines with protection against mechanical damage.
- a possible protective device consists in covering the electrical lines with a protective braid, in particular with a metallic protective braid. For example, it prevents damage to the electr. Isolation on sharp corners or edges and there is a kinking of the electr. Head towards.
- a protective braid e.g. B. made of metal, are also already used in the previously known electrical floor heating tongues.
- An improvement in the energy yield of a heating plate is achieved in that a heat-conducting and / or heat-radiating coating is applied to the top of the insulation plate, and thus also to the embedded or glued-in heating conductor.
- the heating plate is to be provided with a self-supporting reinforcement layer, the heat-conducting and / or heat-radiating coating is applied to this reinforcement layer.
- This coating can consist, for example, of a thin plastic layer based on epoxy resin, which contains finely divided metal particles.
- a temperature sensor is integrated in the heating plate, by means of which the measured temperature is passed on to a thermostat or temperature regulator, the measured temperature value being the Represents the actual value for regulating the room temperature. This is important for underfloor heating, since the floor temperature often differs from that of the room. det, is usually lower than room temperature.
- a temperature sensor is integrated in a copper sleeve in the heating plate in order to optimally record the temperature of the floor, ie the heating plate. Copper is used here due to its high thermal conductivity, which means that the temperature sensor can measure the current temperature of the heating plate practically instantaneously.
- the specific design is irrelevant according to the invention, but can be done, for example, so that a
- Copper sleeve is inserted into the side of the insulation board in a hole, and the temperature sensor transmits its signals with a cable routed to the outside.
- heating plates according to the invention are used, which on a suitable surface, for. B. raw screeds to be installed.
- the heating plates are laid flush on the surface to be heated and fixed to the surface with suitable adhesives, for example a tile adhesive.
- the heating plates are connected to the power supply, whereby the direct connection of each individual heating plate to the external power supply is recommended, so that there is no electrical connection between the plates.
- the supply lines are laid in the front grooves of the heating plates.
- the heating plates made in standardized sizes do not become the floor area Fill in flush so that it is necessary to fill the remaining gaps on the edge, ie the areas not covered by heating plates, with curb plates, ie plates which have a structure comparable to the heating plates and have the same height, but without heating conductors to be completed. These plates can easily be cut to the required dimensions, since they do not damage any heating conductors.
- a floor with a plane-parallel surface which is provided with underfloor heating with the exception of the edge areas, is obtained.
- the desired useful floor can be built up on this floor, e.g. B. tiles, parquet or natural stone. If an elastic floor covering is to be applied to the underfloor heating, then heating plates that are provided with a reinforcement layer at the factory must be used.
- Figure 1 a schematic representation of a heating plate in an oblique view
- Figure 2 a heating plate in side view.
- the heating plate shown in Figure 1 consists of an insulating plate (1), which is made of a thermally insulating material, for. B. Polysty rol.
- a groove (2) is made in the surface of this insulation board (1), which in this embodiment starts from a side edge of the insulation board (6) and ends there again in a self-contained path.
- the heating conductor is on this end face (6)
- the groove runs in a meandering shape (4) on the surface, the adjacent groove sections being introduced equidistantly. According to the rules of the technical draftsman, the course is represented by a dashed line in the central area of the heating plate.
- the reinforcing layer which is reinforced with glass fiber fabric (3) and is attached to the insulation panel, is also indicated in this area. With this reinforcement layer, the heating plate is given a sturdy surface.
- the heating conductor, which is embedded in the groove, is shown in an area (5).
- FIG. 2 illustrates how the reinforcement layer (3) covers both the grooves (2) and the entire surface of the insulation board (1).
- This reinforcement layer (3) forms a sturdy, self-supporting floor covering on which a desired floor covering, for. B. carpet, can be applied.
- the heating plates are usually already provided with such a reinforcement layer (3) by the manufacturer in order to enable the rapid build-up of further covering layers on the heating plate.
- the reinforcement layer (3) advantageously consists of a weave reinforced screed. To simplify the drawing, the heating conductor embedded in the groove (2) is omitted in this example.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Heizplatte für Fußboden, Decke, Wände Heating plate for floors, ceilings, walls
Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektrische Heizplatte für Fußboden und/oder Decke und/oder Wand, mit ei- ner Dämmplatte und einem Heizleiter.The invention relates to an electrical heating plate for floor and / or ceiling and / or wall, with an insulating plate and a heating conductor.
Zur Herstellung einer Fußbodenheizung werden bekanntlich in der Rohbauphase im oder unter dem Estrich Rohrleitungen verlegt, die mit Warmwasser beaufschlagt werden. Darüberhinaus ist das Heizen von Fußböden oder sonstigen Flächen auch mit elektrischer Energie möglich. Der Vorteil solcher Flächenheizungen besteht darin, daß sie durch die gleichmäßige, großflächige Wärmeabstrahlung schon bei niedrigen Temperaturen ein angenehmes Raumklima erzeugen, was zu erheblichen Energieeinsparungen führt. Eine Möglichkeit der Realisierung einer elektrischen Fußbodenheizung besteht darin, daß eine mit Heizdrähten versehene Gewebematte auf den Untergrund der zu beheizenden Fläche aufgelegt und mit einem geeigneten Klebstoff fixiert wird. Der Untergrund kann hierbei z. B. aus einer thermisch isolierenden Dämmschicht oder einer Estrichschicht bestehen. Um einen ebenen Untergrund für weitere Belagsschichten zu erhalten, muß diese Heizmatte mit einer weiteren Estrichschicht nivelliert werden.For the production of underfloor heating, pipelines are known to be laid in or under the screed during the construction phase, which are supplied with hot water. In addition, heating floors or other surfaces is also possible with electrical energy. The advantage of such surface heating systems is that they generate a pleasant room climate even at low temperatures due to the uniform, large-area heat radiation, which leads to considerable energy savings. One possibility of realizing an electric floor heating is that a fabric mat provided with heating wires is placed on the base of the surface to be heated and fixed with a suitable adhesive. The surface can be z. B. consist of a thermally insulating insulation layer or a screed layer. In order to obtain a level surface for further layers of covering, this heating mat must be leveled with another layer of screed.
Eine andere Art einer elektrischen Fußbodenheizung besteht darin, daß elektrische Heizplatten, mit in den Platten verlaufenden Heizleitern, als Bodenbelag verlegt werden. Bisher sind Heizplatten aus dünnem Betonmaterial bekannt, die immer noch einer zusätzlichen thermischen Isolierung gegen den Untergrund bedürfen.Another type of electrical underfloor heating is that electrical heating plates, with heating conductors running in the plates, are laid as flooring. So far, heating plates made of thin concrete material are known, which are still one require additional thermal insulation against the substrate.
Die Wirkungsweise einer solchen elektrischen Hei- zung beruht darauf, daß in den Heizleitern, d. h. elektrischen Leitern mit einem hohen spezifischen Widerstand, der fließende Strom nach der Formel P=R-I2 elektrische Leistung an den Leiter abgibt. Diese Leistung wird in Form von Wärmestrahlung an die Umgebung abgegeben. Zur Verbesserung der Wärmeübertragung werden spezielle wärmeleitende Klebstoffe, Estriche udgl. verwendet. Zum Anschluß der Heizleiter an die Stromversorgung dienen sog. Kaltleiter mit geringem spezifischem Widerstand. Die Verlegung und Ausstattung einer solchen elektrischen Fußbodenheizung mit u. a. Fehlerstrom-Schutz- schalter, Temperaturfühlern und Thermostaten ist seit langem gebräuchlich und technisch ausgereift. Die Vorteile einer elektrischen Fußbodenheizung be- stehen darin, daß die aufwendige Installation herkömmlicher Warmwasserheizungen entfällt, das elektrische Heizsystem praktisch wartungsfrei ist und mit dem oberflächennahen Einbau der Heizleiter ein hoher Energienutzungsgrad erreichbar ist. In ana- loger und für den Fachmann leicht durchführbarerThe mode of operation of such an electrical heating system is based on the fact that in the heat conductors, ie electrical conductors with a high specific resistance, the flowing current emits electrical power to the conductor according to the formula P = RI 2 . This power is emitted to the environment in the form of heat radiation. Special heat-conducting adhesives, screeds etc. are used to improve the heat transfer. used. So-called PTC thermistors with low specific resistance are used to connect the heating conductors to the power supply. The laying and equipping of such an electrical underfloor heating with, inter alia, residual current circuit breakers, temperature sensors and thermostats has long been customary and technically mature. The advantages of electric underfloor heating are that there is no need to install conventional hot water heaters, the electric heating system is practically maintenance-free and a high degree of energy efficiency can be achieved by installing the heating conductors close to the surface. In an analogue and more easily feasible for the specialist
Art kann eine solche Heizung auch auf anderen Flächen, wie Wänden oder Decken installiert werden.Such a heater can also be installed on other surfaces such as walls or ceilings.
Die bisher bekannten elektrischen Fußbodenheizungen haben den Nachteil, daß einerseits die bekannten Heizplatten zusätzliche thermische Dämmschichten benötigen, was mit erhöhten Kosten bei der Verlegung verbunden ist, oder daß die elektrischen Heiz- matten mit einer Estrichschicht nivelliert werden müssen, was zu einem Stillstand im Bauablauf von mindestens 48 Stunden führt, der Zeit, die ein Estrich mindestens zum Abbinden braucht, ehe wei- tere Belagsarbeiten ausgeführt werden können.The previously known electrical underfloor heating systems have the disadvantage that, on the one hand, the known heating plates require additional thermal insulation layers, which is associated with increased costs for laying, or that the electrical heating mats have to be leveled with a screed layer, which leads to a standstill in the construction process of at least 48 hours, the time that a screed needs at least to set before further covering work can be carried out.
Hiervon ausgehend hat sich die Erfindung die Schaffung einer im Baugewerbe einsetzbaren Heizplatte zur Aufgabe gemacht, die mit elektrischer Energie versorgt wird und bei der mit Beendigung des Verle- gens die weiteren Bodenlegearbeiten unmittelbar anschließend begonnen werden können, und die mit einer Dämmschicht gegen den Untergrund thermisch isoliert ist.Proceeding from this, the invention has set itself the task of creating a heating plate which can be used in the construction industry and which is supplied with electrical energy and in which the further laying work can be started immediately after completion of the laying, and which is thermal with an insulating layer against the substrate is isolated.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch, daß die Dämmplatte nach oben offenen, durchgehend verlaufenden Nut aufweist in der Nut der Heizleiter eingebettet ist, und der Heizleiter über an der seitlichen Stirnfläche der Dämmplatte ausgehende elektrische seitlich an der Dämmplatte Versorgungsleitungen an die Stromversorgung anschließbar ist.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the insulation plate has an upwardly open, continuous groove and the heating conductor is embedded in the groove, and the heating conductor can be connected to the power supply via electrical outgoing lines on the side face of the insulation plate.
Der Kerngedanke der Erfindung besteht darin, eine elektrische Heizplatte zu erhalten, indem ein Heizleiter in eine Nut an der Oberseite einer Dämmplatte eingebettet wird. Diese Dämmplatte besteht aus einem handelsüblichen, bzw. im Bauhandwerk gebräuchlichen Material, das die Anforderungen bezüg- lieh thermischer Isolierung gegen den Untergrund erfüllt. Es kann sich hierbei z. B. um eine Hartschaumplatte aus Polystyrol handeln. In diese Platte wird eine, über die Oberfläche der Dämm- platte verlaufende und nach oben zu offene, durchgehend verlaufende Nut eingebracht, die vom Seitenrand der Dämmplatte ausgeht und in aller Regel auf in sich geschlossenem Weg wieder endet. Erfindungs- gemäß ist es nicht notwendig, daß Anfang und Ende der Nut auf einer Seite der Dämmplatte nahe beieinander liegen. Sie können beispielsweise auch an einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Dämmplatte liegen. Diese Nut kann beispielsweise mit einem Fräskopf im maschinellen Ablauf in die Dämmplatte eingebracht werden. In diese Nut wird der Heizlei- ter eingelegt und mit Anschlüssen, die seitlich an der Dämmplatte angebracht sind, über Versorgungsleitungen an die elektrische Energieversorgung an- geschlossen werden. Dabei ist es erfindungsgemäß unerheblich, ob jede Heizplatte einzeln an die Energieversorgung angeschlossen ist, oder ob benachbarte Heizplatten elektrisch miteinander verbunden sind und nur ein einziger Anschluss an die Stro - Versorgung besteht. Die weitere Ausstattung der Heizplatte bzw. der gesamten Fußbodenheizung mit unter anderem einen Thermostat, Temperaturfühlern oder Überhitzungsschutzvorrichtungen ist in analoger Weise zu bisher bekannten elektrischen Fußbo- denheizungen vorzunehmen, und dem Fachmann bekannt. Wird eine Fußbodenheizung nach dem weiter unten beschriebenen Verfahren verlegt, so erhält man eine Heizplatte, auf der unmittelbar anschließend und zügig der Aufbau des Fußbodens erfolgen kann. Dabei ist zu unterscheiden, welche Art von Fußboden auf der Heizplatte verlegt werden soll. Für den Fall eines trittfesten und in sich stabilen, selbsttragenden Bodenbelags, wie es bei Bodenbelägen aus La- minat, Fließen, Parkett, Naturstein udgl. der Fall ist, kann der Fußboden unmittelbar auf die mit dem Heizleiter bestückten Dämmplatten aufgelegt werden, da allein durch den Fußbodenbelag die erforderliche Festigkeit entsteht. Hierzu wird der Fußbodenbelag mit einem entsprechenden Klebstoff auf den Dämmplatten fixiert. Bei weichen und nachgiebigen Bodenbelägen, wie bei Teppichböden ist es erforderlich, elektrische Heizplatten mit einer Armierungs- schicht zu verwenden, wie weiter unten beschrieben wird.The main idea of the invention is to obtain an electrical heating plate by embedding a heating conductor in a groove on the top of an insulating plate. This insulation board consists of a commercially available or building material that meets the requirements for thermal insulation against the substrate. It can be z. B. is a rigid foam sheet made of polystyrene. A plate is placed in this panel over the surface of the insulation. plate-extending and upwardly open, continuous groove is made, which starts from the side edge of the insulation board and usually ends in a self-contained way. According to the invention, it is not necessary for the beginning and end of the groove to be close to one another on one side of the insulation board. For example, they can also lie on opposite sides of the insulation board. This groove can, for example, be machined into the insulation board using a milling head. The heating conductor is inserted into this groove and connected to the electrical power supply via connections that are attached to the side of the insulation panel. It is irrelevant according to the invention whether each heating plate is individually connected to the power supply or whether adjacent heating plates are electrically connected to one another and there is only a single connection to the power supply. The further equipping of the heating plate or the entire underfloor heating with, inter alia, a thermostat, temperature sensors or overheating protection devices is to be carried out in an analogous manner to previously known electric underfloor heating systems and is known to the person skilled in the art. If an underfloor heating system is installed using the method described below, a heating plate is obtained on which the floor can be built up immediately and quickly. A distinction must be made here as to what type of floor should be laid on the heating plate. In the case of a sturdy and stable, self-supporting floor covering, as is the case with floor coverings made of minat, flowing, parquet, natural stone and the like If this is the case, the floor can be placed directly on the insulation panels fitted with the heating conductor, since the required strength is created solely by the floor covering. For this purpose, the floor covering is fixed on the insulation boards with an appropriate adhesive. In the case of soft and resilient floor coverings, such as carpets, it is necessary to use electrical heating plates with a reinforcement layer, as described below.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand von Unteransprüchen.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of dependent claims.
Bei weichen und nachgiebigen Bodenbelägen, wie z. B. bei Teppichböden, ist es erforderlich, zunächst eine Armier ngsschicht, beispielsweise bestehend aus einer mit Glasfasermatten verstärkten Estrich- schicht, zur Erzeugung eines Bodenbelags mit der notwendigen Trittfestigkeit aufzubringen, um die Dämmplatte und den Heizleiter vor Beschädigung während der Nutzung des Fußbodens zu schützen. Im Hinblick auf die Anbringung einer Armierungsschicht auf der Dämmplatte, wie sie beim Verlegen von Teppichboden erforderlich ist, ist es als vorteilhaft anzusehen, diese auf der Dämmplatte und auf der mit dem Heizleiter bestückten Nut unmittelbar, d. h. bereits vor dem Verlegen, werksseitig anzubringen, so daß nach dem Verlegen derartiger Ausgestaltungen bereits die Armierungsschicht vorhanden ist, und der Teppichboden unmittelbar anschließend verlegt werden kann. Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung besteht darin, den Heizleiter in der Nut einzukleben, wodurch er einerseits in seiner Lage in die Nut fixiert und an- dererseits auch gegen eine Beschädigung beim Transport oder der Verlegung der Dämmplatte geschützt ist. Hierbei muß natürlich ein Klebstoff verwendet werden, der über eine gewisse Elastizität verfügt, um die geringfügige Längenänderung des Leiters un- ter Wärmeeinfluß auszugleichen, zusätzlich gut wärmeleitend sein, um die Wärmeübertragung vom Heizleiter an die Umgebung nicht zu behindern. Solche Klebstoffe sind in verschiedensten Ausführungen am Markt bekannt und erhältlich.With soft and resilient floor coverings, such as. B. for carpets, it is necessary to first apply a reinforcing layer, for example consisting of a screed layer reinforced with glass fiber mats, to create a floor covering with the necessary resistance to tread to protect the insulation board and the heating conductor from damage during use of the floor . With regard to the application of a reinforcement layer on the insulation board, as is required when laying carpets, it is considered to be advantageous to attach it on the insulation board and on the groove fitted with the heating conductor immediately, i.e. before installation, at the factory that after the laying of such configurations, the reinforcing layer is already present, and the carpet can be laid immediately afterwards. An advantageous further development consists in gluing the heating conductor in the groove, whereby on the one hand it is fixed in its position in the groove and on the other hand it is also protected against damage during transport or laying of the insulation board. Here, of course, an adhesive must be used which has a certain elasticity in order to compensate for the slight change in length of the conductor under the influence of heat, and additionally has good thermal conductivity so as not to hinder the heat transfer from the heating conductor to the surroundings. Such adhesives are known and available in various designs on the market.
Um eine gleichmäßige Wärmeabgabe der Heizplatten sicherzustellen, ist in einer Weiterbildung vorgeschlagen, die Nuten äquidistant in die Dämmplatte einzubringen, d. h. eine möglichst konstante Flä- chendichte der Heizleiter auf der Dämmplatte zu erhalten. Die, im allgemeinen mäandrierend verlaufenden Nuten werden so in die Dämmplatte eingebracht, daß benachbarte Nutabschnitte immer ungefähr denselben Abstand voneinander haben. Damit wird eine optimale Leistungsausbeute erzielt, da im Mittel von allen Bereichen der Heizplatte die gleiche Wärmemenge abgestrahlt wird.In order to ensure a uniform heat emission from the heating plates, it is proposed in a further development to introduce the grooves equidistantly into the insulating plate, i. H. to obtain a surface density of the heating conductors on the insulation board that is as constant as possible. The grooves, which generally run in a meandering manner, are introduced into the insulating plate in such a way that adjacent groove sections always have approximately the same distance from one another. This achieves an optimal power yield, since on average the same amount of heat is radiated from all areas of the heating plate.
Beim Verlegen der Heizplatte und insbesondere beim Aufbringen des Fußbodens sowie ggf. des Estrichs kann sich durch Wasserverdunstung eine hohe Luftfeuchtigkeit ausbilden, die Ursache von elektrischen Kurzschlüssen sein kann. Aus diesem Grunde ist von entscheidendem Vorteil, die benachbarten Heizplatten nicht untereinander durch Steckverbindungen oder Verdrahtungen miteinander zu verbinden. Der Niederschlag von Feuchtigkeit aufgrund kapilla- rer Effekte auch im regulären Betrieb der Heizplatte und damit ein erhebliches Potential zur Entstehung von Kurzschlüssen kann nicht verhindert werden. Aus diesem Grunde wird jede Heizplatte über ein elektrisch isoliertes Kabel unmittelbar, d. h. individuell und direkt an die im Randbereich des Zimmers befindliche Energieversorgung angeschlossen. Offenliegende Metallteile, die unter Spannung stehen und die zur Entstehung von Kurzschlüssen Anlaß geben könnten, werden hierdurch vermieden. Die wasserdichte Verbindung von Heizleitern an die Versorgungsleitungen stellt für den Fachmann kein Problem dar.When installing the heating plate and especially when applying the floor and possibly the screed, a high level of humidity can form due to water evaporation, which can be the cause of electrical short circuits. For this reason is of decisive advantage not to connect the neighboring heating plates to each other by plug connections or wiring. The precipitation of moisture due to capillary effects even during regular operation of the heating plate and thus a considerable potential for short-circuits cannot be prevented. For this reason, each heating plate is connected directly, ie individually and directly, to the energy supply located in the peripheral area of the room via an electrically insulated cable. This avoids exposed metal parts that are under voltage and that could give rise to short circuits. The watertight connection of heating conductors to the supply lines is not a problem for the person skilled in the art.
Beim vorbeschriebenen Anschluß der Heizplatte an die Stromversorgung sind von der Mitte eines Zimmers ausgehend mehrere Stromleitungen an den Rand zu führen. Um die plane Oberfläche der Heizplatten nicht zu beeinträchtigen, wird in die Stirnseite der Heizplatte eine Nut eingebracht. Stoßen zwei Heizplatten aneinander, so entsteht durch die aneinander angrenzenden Nuten ein röhrenartiger Kanal, in dem die Versorgungskabel verlegt werden können. Die Auswahl von hierfür geeigneten Stromkabeln ist beliebig. Diese Fugen können ebenfalls im maschinellen Ablauf in die Seiten der Dämmplatten eingebracht werden.When connecting the heating plate to the power supply as described above, several power lines have to be led to the edge from the middle of a room. In order not to impair the flat surface of the heating plates, a groove is made in the front of the heating plate. If two heating plates meet, the adjacent grooves create a tube-like channel in which the supply cables can be laid. The choice of suitable power cables is arbitrary. These joints can also be machined into the sides of the insulation panels.
Zum Schutz der Heizleiter sowie der elektrischen Stromversorgung gegen Kurzschlüsse, die sich z. B. durch Niederschlagen von Luftfeuchtigkeit ergeben können, ist es üblich die stromführenden Leitungen mit einer elektrisch isolierenden Schutzschicht zu umgeben. Sie ist bei den Heizleitern aufgrund der Wärmeabstrahlung einer hohen Temperaturbelastung unterworfen. Als elektrisch isolierendes Material wird deshalb Teflon vorgeschlagen, da es sich auch bei hohen Temperaturen chemisch nicht verändert und dadurch seine Isolationsfähigkeit beibehält, was bei anderen üblichen Isolationsmaterialien nicht unbedingt erreicht wird. Solche mit Teflon umhüllten Heizleiter sind auch schon bei bisher bekannten elektrischen Fußbodenheizungen zur Anwendung gekom- men.To protect the heating conductors and the electrical ones Power supply against short circuits, e.g. B. can result from precipitation of air humidity, it is customary to surround the current-carrying lines with an electrically insulating protective layer. It is subject to a high temperature load in the heat conductors due to the heat radiation. Teflon is therefore proposed as the electrically insulating material, since it does not change chemically even at high temperatures and thus maintains its insulation ability, which is not necessarily achieved with other conventional insulation materials. Such heating conductors covered with Teflon have also been used in previously known electric floor heating systems.
Eine weitere Ausgestaltungsmöglichkeit der Erfindung besteht darin, die Heizleiter und die Versorgungsleitungen mit einem Schutz gegen mechanische Beschädigungen zu versehen. Durch einen solchenAnother possible embodiment of the invention is to provide the heating conductors and the supply lines with protection against mechanical damage. Through one
Schutz wird erreicht, daß die Heizleiter und insbesondere die Versorgungsleitungen durch unsachgemäße Verlegung oder sonstige äußere Einflüsse während der Verlegung besser vor Verletzungen bewahrt blei- ben. Eine mögliche Schutzvorrichtung besteht darin, die elektrischen Leitungen mit einem Schutzgeflecht, insbesondere mit einem metallischen Schutzgeflecht zu umhüllen. Es verhindert beispielsweise die Beschädigung der elektr. Isolation an scharfen Ecken oder Kanten und es wirkt einem Abknicken der elektr. Leiters entgegen. Solche Schutzgeflecht, z. B. aus Metall, finden ebenfalls bereits Anwendung in den bisher bekannten elektrischen Fußbodenhei- zungen.Protection is achieved that the heating conductors and in particular the supply lines are better protected from injuries due to improper laying or other external influences during the laying. A possible protective device consists in covering the electrical lines with a protective braid, in particular with a metallic protective braid. For example, it prevents damage to the electr. Isolation on sharp corners or edges and there is a kinking of the electr. Head towards. Such protective braid, e.g. B. made of metal, are also already used in the previously known electrical floor heating tongues.
Eine Verbesserung der Energieausbeute einer Heizplatte wird dadurch erreicht, daß auf die Oberseite der Dämmplatte, und damit auch auf die eingebetteten bzw. eingeklebten Heizleiter, eine wärmeleitende und/oder wärmeabstrahlende Beschichtung aufgebracht wird. Falls die Heizplatte mit einer selbsttragenden Armierungsschicht zu versehen ist, wird die wärmeleitende und/oder wärmeabstrahlende Beschichtung auf diese Armierungsschicht aufgebracht. Diese Beschichtung kann beispielsweise aus einer dünnen Kunststoffschicht auf Epoxidharzbasis bestehen, die fein verteilte Metallpartikel ent- hält. Mit dieser Schicht wird eine Verbesserung der Wärmeleitung bzw. der Warmeabstrahlung der gesamten Heizplatte an die Umgebung erreicht, da die von den Heizleitern abgestrahlte Wärme besser bzw. schneller an die Umgebung abgegeben wird. Dies führt zu einer Verminderung des Energieaufwandes bei gleicher Heizwirkung und damit zu reduzierten Heizkosten.An improvement in the energy yield of a heating plate is achieved in that a heat-conducting and / or heat-radiating coating is applied to the top of the insulation plate, and thus also to the embedded or glued-in heating conductor. If the heating plate is to be provided with a self-supporting reinforcement layer, the heat-conducting and / or heat-radiating coating is applied to this reinforcement layer. This coating can consist, for example, of a thin plastic layer based on epoxy resin, which contains finely divided metal particles. With this layer, an improvement in the heat conduction or the heat radiation of the entire heating plate to the surroundings is achieved, since the heat radiated by the heating conductors is released to the surroundings better or faster. This leads to a reduction in energy consumption with the same heating effect and thus to reduced heating costs.
Eine Verbesserung der Temperaturregulierung in ei- nem Raum der mit erfindungsgemäßen Heizplatten beheizt ist, wird dadurch erreicht, daß in der Heizplatte ein Temperaturfühler integriert ist, durch den die gemessene Temperatur an einen Thermostaten bzw. Temperaturregler weitergeben wird, wobei die- ser gemessene Temperaturwert den Ist-Wert zur Regulierung der Raumtemperatur darstellt. Dies ist bei Fußbodenheizungen von Bedeutung, da sich oft die Fußbodentemperatur von der des Raumes unterschei- det, meistens niedriger ist als die Raumtemperatur. Zur optimalen Erfassung der Temperatur des Fußbodens, d. h. der Heizplatte, wird ein Temperaturfühler in einer Kupferhülse in die Heizplatte inte- griert. Kupfer wird hierbei aufgrund seiner hohen Wärmeleitfähigkeit verwendet, wodurch der Temperaturfühler praktisch instantan die aktuelle Temperatur der Heizplatte messen kann. Die konkrete Ausgestaltung ist hierbei erfindungsgemäß unerheblich, kann beispielsweise jedoch so erfolgen, daß eineAn improvement in the temperature regulation in a room which is heated with heating plates according to the invention is achieved in that a temperature sensor is integrated in the heating plate, by means of which the measured temperature is passed on to a thermostat or temperature regulator, the measured temperature value being the Represents the actual value for regulating the room temperature. This is important for underfloor heating, since the floor temperature often differs from that of the room. det, is usually lower than room temperature. A temperature sensor is integrated in a copper sleeve in the heating plate in order to optimally record the temperature of the floor, ie the heating plate. Copper is used here due to its high thermal conductivity, which means that the temperature sensor can measure the current temperature of the heating plate practically instantaneously. The specific design is irrelevant according to the invention, but can be done, for example, so that a
Kupferhülse seitlich in die Dämmplatte in ein Loch eingebracht wird, und der Temperaturfühler mit einer nach außen verlegten Leitung seine Signale überträgt.Copper sleeve is inserted into the side of the insulation board in a hole, and the temperature sensor transmits its signals with a cable routed to the outside.
Ein rasches und kostengünstiges Verlegen, insbesondere einer Fußbodenheizung, ist nach dem im folgenden beschriebenen Verfahren möglich. Hierbei kommen erfindungsgemäße Heizplatten zur Anwendung, die auf dafür geeignetem Untergrund, z. B. Rohestrichen, verlegt werden sollen. Hierzu werden die Heizplatten auf der zu beheizenden Fläche bündig aneinanderstoßend verlegt und mit geeigneten Klebstoffen, beispielsweise einem Fliesenkleber, auf dem Unter- grund fixiert. Gleichzeitig werden die Heizplatten an die Stromversorgung angeschlossen, wobei der direkte Anschluß jeder einzelnen Heizplatte an die externe Stromversorgung empfohlen ist, so daß eine elektrische Verbindung der Platte untereinander un- terbleibt. Hierzu werden die Versorgungsleitungen in den stirnseitigen Nuten der Heizplatten verlegt. In aller Regel werden die in normierten Größen hergestellten Heizplatten die Fußbodenfläche nicht bündig ausfüllen, so daß es notwendig ist, die randseitig verbleibenden Lücken, d. h. die nicht durch Heizplatten abgeckten Flächen, mit Bordplatten, d. h. durch Platten, die einen mit den Heiz- platten vergleichbaren Aufbau und die gleiche Höhe haben, jedoch ohne mit Heizleitern bestückt zu sein, auszufüllen. Diese Platten lassen sich problemlos auf die erforderlichen Maße zurecht schneiden, da bei ihnen keine Heizleiter beschädigt wer- den. Mit diesem Verfahren wird ein Fußboden mit einer planparallelen Oberfläche, der mit einer Fußbodenheizung mit Ausnahme der Randbereichen, versehen ist, erhalten. Auf diesem Fußboden kann der gewünschte Nutzfußboden aufgebaut werden, z. B. Flie- sen, Parkett oder Naturstein. Soll ein elastischer Fußbodenbelag auf die Fußbodenheizung aufgebracht werden, so sind Heizplatten, die werkseitig mit einer Armierungsschicht versehen sind, zu verwenden.A quick and inexpensive installation, in particular underfloor heating, is possible using the method described below. Here, heating plates according to the invention are used, which on a suitable surface, for. B. raw screeds to be installed. For this purpose, the heating plates are laid flush on the surface to be heated and fixed to the surface with suitable adhesives, for example a tile adhesive. At the same time, the heating plates are connected to the power supply, whereby the direct connection of each individual heating plate to the external power supply is recommended, so that there is no electrical connection between the plates. For this purpose, the supply lines are laid in the front grooves of the heating plates. As a rule, the heating plates made in standardized sizes do not become the floor area Fill in flush so that it is necessary to fill the remaining gaps on the edge, ie the areas not covered by heating plates, with curb plates, ie plates which have a structure comparable to the heating plates and have the same height, but without heating conductors to be completed. These plates can easily be cut to the required dimensions, since they do not damage any heating conductors. With this method, a floor with a plane-parallel surface, which is provided with underfloor heating with the exception of the edge areas, is obtained. The desired useful floor can be built up on this floor, e.g. B. tiles, parquet or natural stone. If an elastic floor covering is to be applied to the underfloor heating, then heating plates that are provided with a reinforcement layer at the factory must be used.
Weitere Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung lassen sich dem nachfolgenden Beschreibungsteil entnehmen, in dem anhand einer Zeichnung ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher erläu- tert ist. Es zeigt:Further details, features and advantages of the invention can be found in the following description part, in which an embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to a drawing. It shows:
Figur l: eine schematische Darstellung einer Heizplatte in Schrägansicht, Figur 2: eine Heizplatte in Seitenansicht.Figure 1: a schematic representation of a heating plate in an oblique view, Figure 2: a heating plate in side view.
Die in Figur 1 dargestellte Heizplatte besteht aus einer Dämmplatte (1) , die aus einem thermisch isolierenden Material hergestellt ist, z. B. Polysty- rol. In diese Dämmplatte (1) ist in die Oberfläche eine Nut (2) eingebracht, die in dieser Ausführung von einem Seitenrand der Dämmplatte ausgeht (6) und dort in einem in sich geschlossenen Weg wieder en- det. An dieser Stirnseite (6) wird der HeizleiterThe heating plate shown in Figure 1 consists of an insulating plate (1), which is made of a thermally insulating material, for. B. Polysty rol. A groove (2) is made in the surface of this insulation board (1), which in this embodiment starts from a side edge of the insulation board (6) and ends there again in a self-contained path. The heating conductor is on this end face (6)
(5) an die Stromversorgung angeschlossen, indem etwas über die Dämmplatte überstehende Heizleiter mit eine wasserdichten Verbindung an eine Versorgungsleitung angeschlossen wird. Die Nut verläuft mäan- derformig (4) auf der Oberfläche, wobei die benachbarten Nutabschnitte äquidistant eingebracht sind. Gemäß den Regeln des technischen Zeichners ist im mittleren Bereich der Heizplatte der Verlauf durch eine Strichelung wiedergegeben. In diesem Bereich ist auch die Armierungsschicht, die mit Glasfasergewebe (3) verstärkt ist, und auf der Dämmplatte angebracht ist, angedeutet. Mit dieser Armierungsschicht erhält die Heizplatte eine trittfeste Oberfläche. Der Heizleiter, der in der Nut eigebettet ist, ist in einem Bereich (5) eingezeichnet.(5) connected to the power supply by connecting some heating conductors protruding from the insulation board to a supply line with a watertight connection. The groove runs in a meandering shape (4) on the surface, the adjacent groove sections being introduced equidistantly. According to the rules of the technical draftsman, the course is represented by a dashed line in the central area of the heating plate. The reinforcing layer, which is reinforced with glass fiber fabric (3) and is attached to the insulation panel, is also indicated in this area. With this reinforcement layer, the heating plate is given a sturdy surface. The heating conductor, which is embedded in the groove, is shown in an area (5).
In der Figur 2 wird veranschaulicht, wie die Armierungsschicht (3) sowohl die Nuten (2) als auch die gesamte Oberfläche der Dämmplatte (1) überdeckt. Diese Armierungsschicht (3) bildet einen trittfesten, selbsttragenden Bodenbelag, auf den ein gewünschter Fußbodenbelag, z. B. Teppichboden, aufgebracht werden kann. Üblicherweise werden die Heizplatten schon vom Hersteller mit einer solchen Ar- mierungsschicht (3) versehen, um den raschen Aufbau weiterer Belagsschichten auf der Heizplatte zu ermöglichen. Vorteilhafterweise besteht die Armierungsschicht (3) aus einem mit einem Glasfaserge- webe verstärkten Estrich. Zur Vereinfachung der Zeichnung ist in diesem Beispiel der in der Nut (2) eingebettete Heizleiter weggelassen. FIG. 2 illustrates how the reinforcement layer (3) covers both the grooves (2) and the entire surface of the insulation board (1). This reinforcement layer (3) forms a sturdy, self-supporting floor covering on which a desired floor covering, for. B. carpet, can be applied. The heating plates are usually already provided with such a reinforcement layer (3) by the manufacturer in order to enable the rapid build-up of further covering layers on the heating plate. The reinforcement layer (3) advantageously consists of a weave reinforced screed. To simplify the drawing, the heating conductor embedded in the groove (2) is omitted in this example.
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19980229D DE19980229D2 (en) | 1998-02-12 | 1999-02-12 | Heating plate for floors, ceilings, walls |
| DE19980229A DE19980229C1 (en) | 1998-02-12 | 1999-02-12 | Heating panel for floors, ceilings and walls |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE29802367U DE29802367U1 (en) | 1998-02-12 | 1998-02-12 | Insulation board with integrated heat floor |
| DE29802367.9 | 1998-02-12 | ||
| DE19848426A DE19848426A1 (en) | 1998-02-12 | 1998-10-21 | Insulation board with integrated heat floor |
| DE19848426.7 | 1998-10-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1999041550A1 true WO1999041550A1 (en) | 1999-08-19 |
Family
ID=26049657
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE1999/000403 Ceased WO1999041550A1 (en) | 1998-02-12 | 1999-02-12 | Heating plate for floors, ceilings, walls |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE19980229C1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999041550A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106051892A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-10-26 | 黄启明 | Self-heating wood floor and manufacturing method thereof |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007007652A1 (en) | 2007-02-13 | 2008-08-14 | Schürmann, Heinrich | Electrical heater for e.g. damping room, has electrodes in electrical conducting heating layer, and power source attached at power supply system with electrical isolating cables and isolating power connections for input current of source |
| DE202008002169U1 (en) * | 2008-02-16 | 2008-08-21 | Grünenwald, Andreas | Installation composite system |
| DE102009032203A1 (en) | 2009-07-03 | 2011-01-05 | Ali Riza Coskun | External wall system for building, has hollow bricks including external and internal walls, and metal grid arranged between internal wall and thermal insulation layer for transmitting thermal energy using electrical heating conductor |
| EP2496889B1 (en) * | 2009-11-05 | 2017-06-28 | Winstone Wallboards Limited | Heating panel and method therefor |
| DE102018129746A1 (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2020-05-28 | Thermofer GmbH & Co. KG | Heater |
| DE102020003811A1 (en) | 2020-06-25 | 2021-12-30 | Dynamic Solar Systems Ag | Underfloor heating system with an improved layer structure |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0242787A2 (en) * | 1986-04-17 | 1987-10-28 | Stadelmann, Karlheinz, Ing. grad. | Electric under floor heating |
| FR2698432A1 (en) * | 1992-11-24 | 1994-05-27 | Delfage Sa | Modular flooring system using electrically heated floor plates - has interlocking steel-faced three-ply plates, insulated beneath, with embedded elements connected via bus-wires to adjoining plates |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE446813C (en) * | 1927-07-11 | Karl Eberhard | Electric heating device for heating surfaces, e.g. Foot pads | |
| DE1102923B (en) * | 1959-07-03 | 1961-03-23 | Bernhard Pfeifer | Electric underfloor heating |
| DE4036848A1 (en) * | 1990-11-19 | 1992-05-21 | Buchtal Gmbh | HEATABLE COATING FROM CERAMIC COVER PANELS |
| DE19607907A1 (en) * | 1996-03-01 | 1997-09-04 | Helmut Diebolder | Simple and effective floor heating cable |
| DE19739405A1 (en) * | 1997-09-09 | 1999-03-11 | Gabriele Karlstroem | Method for laying temperature adjustable floor covering |
-
1999
- 1999-02-12 DE DE19980229A patent/DE19980229C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-02-12 WO PCT/DE1999/000403 patent/WO1999041550A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0242787A2 (en) * | 1986-04-17 | 1987-10-28 | Stadelmann, Karlheinz, Ing. grad. | Electric under floor heating |
| FR2698432A1 (en) * | 1992-11-24 | 1994-05-27 | Delfage Sa | Modular flooring system using electrically heated floor plates - has interlocking steel-faced three-ply plates, insulated beneath, with embedded elements connected via bus-wires to adjoining plates |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106051892A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-10-26 | 黄启明 | Self-heating wood floor and manufacturing method thereof |
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|---|---|
| DE19980229C1 (en) | 2003-04-03 |
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