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WO1998037369A1 - Regulation de temperature de liquides distribues - Google Patents

Regulation de temperature de liquides distribues Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998037369A1
WO1998037369A1 PCT/GB1998/000561 GB9800561W WO9837369A1 WO 1998037369 A1 WO1998037369 A1 WO 1998037369A1 GB 9800561 W GB9800561 W GB 9800561W WO 9837369 A1 WO9837369 A1 WO 9837369A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
beverage
heat exchanger
thermoelectric devices
temperature
dispensed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1998/000561
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Palmer
Zafer Muhittin Ure
Original Assignee
W.S. Atkins Consultants Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by W.S. Atkins Consultants Limited filed Critical W.S. Atkins Consultants Limited
Priority to AU63014/98A priority Critical patent/AU6301498A/en
Publication of WO1998037369A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998037369A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D1/00—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught
    • B67D1/08—Details
    • B67D1/0857—Cooling arrangements
    • B67D1/0869—Cooling arrangements using solid state elements, e.g. Peltier cells
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B21/02—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
    • H10N10/13—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects characterised by the heat-exchanging means at the junction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for and method of controlling the temperature of a dispensed liquid, in particular a beverage.
  • the present invention has particular application in the dispensing of beverages such as beers, lagers, uncarbonated soft drinks and carbonated soft drinks such as colas, fruit juices, etc. at a controlled temperature.
  • beverage dispensers for dispensing cool beverages such as beers, lagers, soft drinks, fruit juices etc. employ conventional chilled water/vapour compression refrigeration technology for pre-chilling the dispensed beverage at a temperature of around 7°C.
  • Such dispensing units are widely employed in public houses, bars and restaurants.
  • Conventional beverage refrigeration technology suffers from the disadvantages that not only is a traditional refrigeration system relatively bulky and expensive for achieving the lower temperatures down to just above freezing but also it is difficult sufficiently accurately to control the dispensing temperature so as to ensure reliable control of the dispensing operation at such temperatures, in particular so that the liquid does not inadvertently freeze.
  • the conventional refrigeration units also require a relatively high energy input and need to be driven constantly irrespective of whether or not a beverage is actually being dispensed.
  • the present invention aims at least partially to overcome these problems of known beverage dispensing systems.
  • the present invention accordingly provides an apparatus for controlling the temperature of a dispensed liquid, the apparatus comprising a first heat exchanger including a first conduit having input and output ends thereof for respectively receiving and dispensing a flow of liquid, a second heat exchanger including a second conduit through which, in use, a coolant is passed, a plurality of thermoelectric devices disposed between the first and second heat exchangers and electrical circuitry connected to the thermoelectric devices whereby the thermoelectric devices are electrically energisable to conduct heat therethrough between the first and second heat exchangers .
  • the present invention also provides a beverage dispensing device comprising the apparatus according to the invention in combination with a beverage supply and a dispensing tap respectively connected to the input and output ends of the first conduit and a refrigerant circulation system in which the second conduit is connected.
  • the present invention further provides a method of controlling the temperature of a dispensed beverage, the method comprising passing a beverage to be dispensed from a beverage supply through a heat exchanger assembly including a plurality of thermoelectric devices; cooling or heating the beverage to a predetermined temperature in the heat exchanger assembly by applying a direct voltage across the thermoelectric devices thereby to pump heat out of or in to the beverage; and dispensing the temperature controlled beverage.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic side view, partly in phantom, of a heat exchanger assembly of an apparatus for controlling the temperature of a dispensed liquid in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view from above of the heat exchanger assembly illustrated in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic side view along line A of part of the heat exchanger assembly of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic side view along line B of the heat exchanger assembly of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating electrical circuitry for electrically energising thermoelectric devices incorporated in the heat exchanger assembly illustrated in Figure 1 ; and Figure 6 is a schematic side view of a beverage dispensing device incorporating the heat exchanger assembly and electrical circuitry of Figures 1 to 5.
  • a heat exchanger assembly 2 comprising a first heat exchanger 4 in the form of a loop surrounding a second heat exchanger 6.
  • the first heat exchanger 4 includes a helical metal tube 8, preferably of stainless steel, defining a conduit for flow therethrough of liquid, for example a beverage, to be dispensed at a controlled temperature.
  • the tube 8 has an input end 10 for receiving a flow of liquid and an output end 12 for dispensing the flow of liquid therefrom, the liquid flow being represented by arrows in Figure 2.
  • the tube 8 includes two opposed elongate central planar portions 14,16, each of which is encased within a respective planar metal block 18,20, between two spaced edge portions 17,19 of the tube 8.
  • the blocks 18,20 are composed of cast aluminium.
  • the inwardly facing surfaces 22,24 of the blocks 18,20 are highly machined so as to have an overall flatness of around +0.0013cm (0.0005 inch).
  • the second heat exchanger 6 comprises a substantially planar hollow metal body.
  • the second heat exchanger 6 particularly comprises a central metal extruded body 26, for example of aluminium, having at one edge thereof an open header 28 defining a lower inlet 30 and an upper outlet 32 and at the other edge thereof a closed header 32.
  • the extruded body 26 defines together with ' the two headers 28,32 a serpentine flow path therein for coolant liquid passing between the inlet 30 and outlet 32.
  • the inlet 30 and outlet 32 of the second heat exchanger 6 are plumbed into a refrigerant circulation system of a refrigeration unit whereby a coolant such as cold water is continuously circulated through the second heat exchanger 6 so as to act as a heat sink.
  • the extruded body 26 of the second heat exchanger 6 has opposed planar surfaces 36,38 thereof which, like the surfaces 22,24 of the first heat exchanger 4, are provided with a very high degree of overall flatness of around ⁇ 0.0013cm (0.0005 inch).
  • the first and second heat exchangers 4,6 are connected together by a plurality of thermoelectric devices 40 disposed therebetween.
  • thermoelectric devices also known as Peltier heat pumps, are known in the art of refrigeration.
  • Suitable thermoelectric devices for use in the present invention are available in commerce from the company Melcor Thermoelectrics of Trenton, New Jersey, USA.
  • respective first and second arrays 42,44 of the thermoelectric devices 40 are disposed between the opposed surfaces 36,38 of the extruded body 26 and the facing surfaces 22,24 of the metal blocks 18,20.
  • each array 42,44 comprises a rectangular array of ten thermoelectric devices comprising two horizontal rows of five thermoelectric devices 40.
  • each thermoelectric device 40 is 40mm square. It will be apparent to the skilled person that any number of thermoelectric devices may be employed in any shaped array.
  • thermoelectric devices 40 are clamped under a uniform elevated pressure of around 200 psi between the first and second heat exchangers 4,6.
  • the clamping force is provided by a pair of opposed clamping plates 46,48 disposed on opposed sides of the first heat exchanger 6 and bolted together by bolts (not shown) passing through a set of bolt holes 49.
  • the clamping plates 46,48 bear against the first heat exchanger 6 by respective arrays of load springs 50 for providing a uniform pressure distribution over the heat exchanger assembly 2.
  • the opposed faces 52,54 of each thermoelectric device 40 are coated with a heat transmitting thermal grease which is known per se for use with thermoelectric devices.
  • thermoelectric devices 40 and of the first and second heat exchanger surfaces 22,24,36,38 contacting the thermoelectric devices 40, in combination with the high clamping pressure and the thermal grease ensures high thermal conductivity between the first and second heat exchangers 4,6 via the thermoelectric devices 40, leading to high thermal efficiency of the heat exchanger assembly 2.
  • thermocouples 56,58,60,62,64 is provided at various points in the heat exchanger assembly 2 for detecting the temperature of the liquid flow through the tube 8 at various locations between the input end 10 and the output end 12 thereof. The detected temperatures are employed to control the thermoelectric devices 40 in a manner described in greater detail hereinbelow.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the electrical circuitry, designated generally as 66, for connecting together the thermoelectric devices 40.
  • the thermoelectric devices 40 are divided into a first group 68 and a second group 70 which are separately electrically powered and controlled by respective portions 69,71 of the electrical circuitry 66.
  • the first group 68 is provided on the input side 73 of the apparatus and the second group 70 is provided on the output side 75 of the apparatus.
  • the input side 73 comprises the upper row of each of the two arrays 42,44 of the thermoelectric devices 40 and the output side 75 comprises the lower row of each of the two arrays 42,44 of the thermoelectric devices 40.
  • the first group 68 comprises first and second subgroups 72,74 of the thermoelectric devices 40, each sub-group 72,74 comprising a plurality of serially connected thermoelectric devices 40, and each sub-group 72,74 being associated with a respective array 42,44.
  • each subgroup 72,74 comprises five thermoelectric devices 40, but of course further thermoelectric devices may be provided in each sub-group 72,74 as illustrated in phantom in Figure 5.
  • the thermoelectric devices of the two sub-groups 72,74 are connected together in parallel so that in use each sub-group 72,74 is driven at a selected constant positive voltage VI when the apparatus is in operation.
  • each thermoelectric device 40 is energised by a DC voltage of around 8 volts, with voltage VI being around 40 volts when ten semi-electric devices are provided in the first group 68 as shown in Figure 5.
  • the second group 70 is, in a manner similar to that of the first group 68, provided with the first and second sub-groups 76,78 of the thermoelectric devices 40, with the thermoelectric devices 40 in each sub-group 76,78 being serially connected together and the two sub-groups 76,78 being connected together in parallel between a positive DC supply voltage V2.
  • the second group 70 of thermoelectric devices 40 is subjected to a pulse width modulated DC voltage, typically having a frequency of 1ms.
  • the degree of pulse width modulation can be tuned in order to get steady state temperature control during dispensing of liquid at the selected flow rate, for example one Imperial pint every 13 seconds.
  • thermoelectric devices 40 The provision in the first and second groups 68,70 of serially connected thermoelectric devices 40 in each sub-group 72,74,76,78 enables the supply voltage to be increased thereby lowering the direct current applied to the thermoelectric devices 40 which in turn enables the operation of the thermoelectric devices 40 to be more controllable .
  • the electrical circuitry 66 and its associated control system are configured to provide a fixed base load power to the first group 68 of thermoelectric devices 40 and a variable modulated power input to the second group 70 of thermoelectric devices 40 in response to various conditions determined by the output set point temperature of the cooled liquid product and internal operating conditions within the heat exchanger assembly 2.
  • the base load power driving the first group 68 is provided with a simple on/off function for controlling the temperature in the input side 73 of the arrays 42,44 of the thermoelectric devices 40.
  • the modulated power control applied to the second group 70 is employed to provide trim control, by cooling in the illustrated embodiment, of the final output temperature of the product from the output side 75.
  • thermocouples 56,58,60,62,64 provide temperature detection signals to the electrical circuitry 66 for controlling the overall heat exchange and preventing overcooling of the liquid product.
  • Signals from the thermocouples acting as temperature sensors on the input side 73 of the apparatus are operable, employing pre-set threshold limits, for controlling whether or not the thermoelectric devices 40 of the first group 68 are switched on or off. In the absence of liquid flow through the tube 8, the thermoelectric devices 40 of the first group 68 would be automatically switched on or off as required under thermocouple control in order to maintain the temperature of the liquid in the input side 73 at a selected temperature, typically around 1°C.
  • thermocouples in the apparatus provides substantially instantaneous on demand cooling of the inflowing liquid.
  • the thermoelectric devices 40 are driven so as to reduce the degree of hysteresis in the cooling of the inflowing liquid so that the first selected volume of liquid being dispensed, for example 275ml (one half of an Imperial pint) , is dispensed at the desired temperature .
  • thermoelectric devices 40 of the second group 70 are energised using the pulse width modulated DC voltage in combination with the thermocouples on the output side 75 of the apparatus in order to provide the output temperature of the liquid as it exits the output end 12 at a very closely controlled temperature irrespective of the volume of liquid dispensed.
  • the apparatus is pre-set with a selected set point product outlet temperature and typically the output temperature can be accurately controlled within ⁇ 0.5°C by operation of the thermoelectric devices 40.
  • the set point temperature may be selected to be one of a plurality of pre-set temperatures, for example 4°C, 2°C and 1°C, or alternatively may be continuously variable between upper and lower temperatures, for example 1°C and 15°C.
  • thermocouples enable the desired set point temperature to be achieved despite variations in the liquid input temperature into the heat exchanger assembly 2.
  • the apparatus is arranged to provide trim cooling of a beverage stream by about 6°C, eg cooling beer or lager from an input temperature of around 7°C to a dispense temperature of around 1°C.
  • the heat exchanger assembly can of course be controlled so as to be operable with a wide variety of beverages and temperatures.
  • the heat exchanger assembly is also compatible with the sanitation requirements of those beverages.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the heat exchanger assembly 2 when incorporated into a beverage dispensing device 80.
  • the heat exchanger assembly 2 is disposed within a thermally insulated box 82 in order to reduce the electric power requirements of the heat exchanger assembly 2 when in a non-dispensing mode.
  • the input end 10 of the tube 8 is connected via a connector 84 to a beverage supply 86 which in the illustrated embodiment comprises a refrigeration system which receives beverage to be dispensed from a beverage store along a supply conduit 88.
  • the beverage may be, for example, a beer or lager, a carbonated or uncarbonated soft drink or a fruit juice.
  • the refrigeration system includes a refrigerant circulation system, designated generally at 90, which is connected via two refrigerant conduits 92,94 to the inlet 30 and outlet 32 of the second heat exchanger 6.
  • refrigerant circulation system 90 is connected via two refrigerant conduits 92,94 to the inlet 30 and outlet 32 of the second heat exchanger 6.
  • a tap 96 for dispensing the cooled beverage is connected via an output conduit 98 to the output end 12 of the tube 8.
  • a control knob 100 is provided on the insulated box 82 for enabling the set point temperature of the beverage output flow to be set by a user, for example a selected one of three set point temperatures SP1 (1°C) , SP2 (2°C) and SP3 (4°C) .
  • a beverage to be dispensed is fed from the beverage store into the refrigerated beverage supply 86 via the supply conduit 88.
  • the beverage is cooled by the refrigerant circulation system 90 to a predetermined temperature, typically around 7°C.
  • the beverage supply 86 communicates with the heat exchanger assembly 2 via the connector 84.
  • the heat exchanger assembly 2 is continuously powered to maintain the beverage to be dispensed therein at a predetermined temperature, typically around 1°C.
  • the tap 96 is opened, the beverage is dispensed therefrom, initially at the predetermined temperature in the heat exchanger assembly 2.
  • Fresh, relatively warm, beverage is automatically fed from the beverage supply 86 into the heat exchanger assembly 2 where it is cooled by operation of the thermoelectric devices 40 pumping heat from the incoming relatively warm liquid in the first heat exchanger 4 and outputting waste heat into the refrigerant circulation system 90 via the second heat exchanger 6.
  • the thermocouples in the heat exchanger assembly 2 continuously monitor and control the temperature of the dispensed liquid so that the final dispense temperature reaches a steady state as soon as possible during the dispensing operation, typically well before the first 275ml has been dispensed, and maintains the temperature of the dispensed liquid to ⁇ 0.5°C of the set point temperature independently of the volume of liquid dispensed.
  • This temperature control is achieved by automatic control of the pulse width modulation voltage of the thermoelectric devices 40 on the output side 75 of the heat exchanger assembly 2 by operation of the thermocouples.
  • the tap 96 When the tap 96 is closed, beverage dispensing stops and the heat exchanger assembly 2 returns to a steady state non-dispense mode, maintaining the beverage therein at the predetermined temperature.
  • the apparatus of the present invention when used for cooling beverages has a number of advantages. As outlined above, the apparatus provides reliable on demand temperature control of a dispensed beverage to enable the beverage to be delivered at an accurately controllable temperature which may be down nearly to the freezing point of the beverage.
  • the apparatus can readily be integrated into existing beverage dispensing systems in public houses, bars and restaurants. This is because the heat exchanger apparatus may be incorporated as an additional unit between the existing refrigeration apparatus and the dispensing tap to provide trim temperature control of the beverage .
  • the second heat exchanger of the heat exchange assembly can simply be plumbed into the refrigerant circuit of the existing refrigeration apparatus to comprise the heat sink for the heat exchanger assembly.
  • the heat exchanger assembly is of a dimension such that it can readily be accommodated beneath an existing bar counter.
  • the apparatus of the present invention provides automatic temperature control with low energy requirements, and at low additional installation costs.
  • the heat exchanger assembly 2 is employed to cool an incoming liquid flow to be dispensed.
  • the heat exchanger assembly 2 can heat an incoming liquid flow from a relatively low input temperature to a relatively high output dispensing temperature.
  • the heat exchanger assembly 2 is employed in a heating mode, the polarity of the DC voltages applied to the thermoelectric devices 40 is reversed, thereby reversing the flow of heat through the thermoelectric devices 40 and causing the incoming liquid to be heated as opposed to being cooled.
  • the input temperature may be for example around 7°C and the output dispensing temperature may be up to about 15 °C.
  • the control knob 100 on the insulated box 82 for the heat exchanger assembly 2 may be adapted to provide a heating mode as well as a cooling mode in a single unit.
  • a flow sensing device may be provided in the vicinity of the input end 10 of the tube 8 of the first heat exchanger 4 thereby to provide feedforward control of the temperature of the liquid flow in the heat exchanger assembly 2.
  • the flow sensing device 102 detects the liquid flow instantaneously generated thereby which causes the thermoelectric devices 40 to be switched on to provide instantaneous controlled cooling (or heating) of the liquid flow.
  • the first heat exchanger may comprise, instead of a helical configuration, a pair of heat exchanger halves connected in series on opposed sides of the second heat exchanger. Each heat exchanger half would be provided with a serpentine path therein for passage therethrough of the liquid to be heated or cooled.
  • the electronic control system for the heat exchanger assembly may be arranged simply to have an on/off control such as that described hereinabove with reference to the first group of thermoelectric devices or the electronic control system may be arranged to have pulse width voltage control for all the thermoelectric devices as described hereinabove with reference to the second group thereof .
  • the control system may be arranged to provide any combination of voltage control for selected groups of the thermoelectric devices in the heat exchanger assembly.
  • the apparatus of the present invention has been described hereinabove with particular reference to the dispensing of beverages, the present invention may be employed in a variety of other industries and applications where accurate temperature control of a dispensed liquid is required, for example in the pharmaceutical industry.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices For Dispensing Beverages (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (2) permettant de réguler la température d'un liquide distribué, comprenant un premier échangeur thermique (4) ayant un premier conduit (8) présentant des extrémités d'entrée (10) et de sortie (12) pour recevoir et distribuer respectivement un flux de liquide, un second échangeur thermique (6) ayant un second conduit dans lequel on fait passer, lors de l'utilisation, un réfrigérant, une pluralité de dispositifs thermoélectriques (40) placés entre le premier (4) et le second (6) échangeur thermique, ainsi que des circuits électriques connectés à ces dispositifs thermoélectriques (40), pour que ceux-ci puissent être alimentés électriquement, afin de conduire la chaleur entre le premier (4) et le second (6) échangeur thermique. L'invention concerne également un distributeur (80) de boissons comportant le dispositif (2) en question, un réservoir (86) de boisson et un robinet (96) de distribution respectivement connectés aux extrémités d'entrée (10) et de sortie (12) du premier conduit (8), et un système (90) de circulation du réfrigérant auquel est connecté le second conduit (6). En outre, l'invention concerne un procédé de régulation thermique d'une boisson distribuée, consistant à faire passer une boisson à distribuer, du réservoir de boisson, par un ensemble échangeur thermique comportant une pluralité de dispositifs thermoélectriques; à refroidir ou à réchauffer la boisson à une température prédéterminée dans l'ensemble échangeur thermique, par application d'une tension continue dans les dispositifs thermoélectriques, de façon à extraire de la chaleur de la boisson, ou à lui en apporter et à distribuer la boisson dont on a ainsi régulé la température.
PCT/GB1998/000561 1997-02-24 1998-02-23 Regulation de temperature de liquides distribues WO1998037369A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU63014/98A AU6301498A (en) 1997-02-24 1998-02-23 Controlling temperature of dispensed liquids

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9703793.1 1997-02-24
GB9703793A GB2322732A (en) 1997-02-24 1997-02-24 Controlling the temperature of dispensed liquids

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998037369A1 true WO1998037369A1 (fr) 1998-08-27

Family

ID=10808200

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1998/000561 WO1998037369A1 (fr) 1997-02-24 1998-02-23 Regulation de temperature de liquides distribues

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU6301498A (fr)
GB (1) GB2322732A (fr)
WO (1) WO1998037369A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999066273A1 (fr) * 1998-06-16 1999-12-23 Imi Cornelius (Uk) Limited Refroidisseur de boisson
DE19950211C2 (de) * 1999-05-31 2001-11-15 Exima Export Imp Gmbh Ausschankanlage für Getränke
US7650757B2 (en) 2005-01-24 2010-01-26 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Thermoelectric heat transfer system

Families Citing this family (8)

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GB9905769D0 (en) * 1999-03-12 1999-05-05 Imi Cornelius Uk Ltd Beverage cooler
GB2397117A (en) * 1999-11-17 2004-07-14 Brandbrew S A Beverage dispense apparatus
GB0021393D0 (en) * 2000-08-31 2000-10-18 Imi Cornelius Uk Ltd Thermoelectric module
US8453467B2 (en) * 2006-10-13 2013-06-04 Dell Products, Lp Hybrid heat exchanger
ES2296563B1 (es) * 2007-10-22 2009-01-01 Nestor Jacob Escario Sistema de refrigeracion y/o condensacion de un fluido.
US7893635B2 (en) 2008-05-08 2011-02-22 Dell Products, Lp Liquid cooling system with automatic pump speed control
JP2009295878A (ja) * 2008-06-06 2009-12-17 Yamaha Corp 熱交換装置
DE102009005382B3 (de) * 2009-01-21 2010-03-25 D & K Solar Gmbh Modular aufgebauter Thermogenerator

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GB1070630A (en) * 1964-05-12 1967-06-01 Le T I Kholodllnoi Promy Semiconductor thermoelectric liquid cooler
FR2496853A1 (fr) * 1980-12-23 1982-06-25 Buffet Jean Perfectionnements apportes aux installations thermo-electriques
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US3178895A (en) * 1963-12-20 1965-04-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp Thermoelectric apparatus
GB1070630A (en) * 1964-05-12 1967-06-01 Le T I Kholodllnoi Promy Semiconductor thermoelectric liquid cooler
FR2496853A1 (fr) * 1980-12-23 1982-06-25 Buffet Jean Perfectionnements apportes aux installations thermo-electriques
US5072590A (en) * 1991-02-11 1991-12-17 Ebtech, Inc. Bottled water chilling system
US5584183A (en) * 1994-02-18 1996-12-17 Solid State Cooling Systems Thermoelectric heat exchanger
US5537825A (en) * 1994-12-27 1996-07-23 Ward; Justin Draft beer tower cooling system

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999066273A1 (fr) * 1998-06-16 1999-12-23 Imi Cornelius (Uk) Limited Refroidisseur de boisson
DE19950211C2 (de) * 1999-05-31 2001-11-15 Exima Export Imp Gmbh Ausschankanlage für Getränke
US7650757B2 (en) 2005-01-24 2010-01-26 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Thermoelectric heat transfer system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9703793D0 (en) 1997-04-16
GB2322732A (en) 1998-09-02
AU6301498A (en) 1998-09-09

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