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WO1998037033A1 - Method for making fitting tiles - Google Patents

Method for making fitting tiles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998037033A1
WO1998037033A1 PCT/FR1998/000315 FR9800315W WO9837033A1 WO 1998037033 A1 WO1998037033 A1 WO 1998037033A1 FR 9800315 W FR9800315 W FR 9800315W WO 9837033 A1 WO9837033 A1 WO 9837033A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
granules
slip
tiles
deflocculant
humidity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FR1998/000315
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Ferragut
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
L'INDUSTRIELLE REGIONALE DU BATIMENT
Original Assignee
L'INDUSTRIELLE REGIONALE DU BATIMENT
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by L'INDUSTRIELLE REGIONALE DU BATIMENT filed Critical L'INDUSTRIELLE REGIONALE DU BATIMENT
Priority to DE69801229T priority Critical patent/DE69801229T2/en
Priority to AT98910788T priority patent/ATE203501T1/en
Priority to EP98910788A priority patent/EP1009722B1/en
Publication of WO1998037033A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998037033A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/004—Devices for shaping artificial aggregates from ceramic mixtures or from mixtures containing hydraulic binder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing interlocking tiles.
  • the manufacture of the tiles is carried out by preparing a clay-based paste having a humidity level of the order of 20%. This dough is spun, then pressed into plastic dough, allowing a tile to be obtained which is firstly dried before cooking.
  • a first drawback of this traditional technique lies in the importance of the installations to be used, in particular for drying the tiles before they are baked and in the cost of the energy for carrying out such drying.
  • Other important problems encountered on current installations result from variations in humidity, dry inclusions, poor positioning of the wafer during pressing and / or irregular flushing of the clay during pressing, defects caused by molds and above all from non-homogeneous shrinkage and stresses during drying which lead to cracks or deformation of the product.
  • These various problems lead to a relatively high rate of waste, which lowers the profitability of the operation.
  • these products do not have the physical characteristics essential to tiles which are, among other things, impermeability and frost protection, without an additional surface treatment.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for manufacturing interlocking tiles that do not require a drying phase, while allowing a tile to be obtained which has the essential characteristics required, in particular good impermeability and good frost-resistance. , without specific further processing.
  • the primary advantage of this process is that it limits the size of the tile manufacturing facility, as long as the drying phase can be eliminated. It is however possible to preheat before cooking to lower the humidity, if it is too high.
  • the dry shaping allows better respect of the dimensions of the tiles, and a better surface finish than the plastic paste forming.
  • this process consists in preparing a slip with 0.2 to 1% by mass of deflocculant, the deflocculant being, for example, sodium pyrophosphate.
  • the granulation is obtained by atomization of the slip which is sent into a cylinder where hot air circulates, which instantly dries the droplets of slip, which become spherical particles of different sizes, depending on the size and shape of the nozzles projecting the slip, as well as the power of the jet. Humidity is controlled by temperature.
  • Granules of spherical shape are thus obtained, located in a range of particle sizes, having a moist core surrounded by a dry shell, an advantageous structure because allowing, during pressing, a good distribution in the mold.
  • the humidity of the granules obtained is controlled by temperature and is less than 10% and preferably of the order of 8%.
  • the powder formed by the granules is pressed in a two-cavity mold, which may have several moving parts, relative to each other, in order to achieve differences in thickness, curves, ribs, baffles, as is the case for tiles obtained by the traditional technique, while ensuring uniform pressure at all points of the mass of granules pressed during molding.
  • the mold filling shoe can also have a preform.
  • this manufacturing process which includes very specific stages of implementation, makes it possible to obtain, by dry pressing, tiles having good mechanical characteristics, as well as good impermeability and good ingenuity.
  • the invention is not limited to the single mode of implementation of this method described above by way of example, on the contrary it embraces all the variants of implementation.
  • the nature of the deflocculant could be different or that the clay used could be other than an illitic clay, without departing from the scope of the invention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a method consisting in disintegrating clay in the form of particles of not more than 70 mu m wide in diameter, in preparing a slip by adding water and a deflocculant, in spray drying the slip to obtain spherical granules with wetness ranging between 0,5 and 10 %, and in pressing the granules inside a mould under pressure higher than 300 kg/cm<2> (1 kg/cm<2> = 101 300 Pa).

Description

PROCEDE DE FABRICATION DE TUILES A EMBOITEMENT METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING INTERLOCKING TILES

La présente invention a pour objet un procédé de fabrication de tuiles à emboîtement.The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing interlocking tiles.

Actuellement, la fabrication des tuiles est réalisée par préparation d'une pâte à base d'argile ayant un taux d'humidité de l'ordre de 20%. Cette pâte est filée, puis pressée en pâte plastique, permettant l'obtention d'une tuile qui est tout d'abord séchée avant cuisson.Currently, the manufacture of the tiles is carried out by preparing a clay-based paste having a humidity level of the order of 20%. This dough is spun, then pressed into plastic dough, allowing a tile to be obtained which is firstly dried before cooking.

Un premier inconvénient de cette technique traditionnelle réside dans l'importance des installations devant être mises en oeuvre, notamment pour réaliser le séchage des tuiles avant leur cuisson et du coût de l'énergie pour réaliser un tel séchage. D'autres problèmes importants rencontrés sur les installations actuelles résultent des variations d'humidité, des inclusions sèches, d'un mauvais positionnement de la galette lors du pressage et/ou d'une chasse irrégulière de l'argile lors du pressage, des défauts provoqués par les moules et surtout d'un retrait non homogène et des contraintes au cours du séchage qui entraînent des fissures ou des déformations du produit. Ces différents problèmes conduisent à un taux de déchets relativement importants, qui abaissent la rentabilité de l'exploitation. II est connu de réaliser des éléments de carrelage, des articles de vaisselle, ou des éléments réfractaires, par pressage d'une poudre relativement sèche, permettant une cuisson des articles sans séchage préalable. Toutefois, ces produits ne possèdent pas les caractéristiques physiques essentielles aux tuiles qui sont entre autres, l'imperméabilité et I' ingélivité, sans un traitement de surface complémentaire.A first drawback of this traditional technique lies in the importance of the installations to be used, in particular for drying the tiles before they are baked and in the cost of the energy for carrying out such drying. Other important problems encountered on current installations result from variations in humidity, dry inclusions, poor positioning of the wafer during pressing and / or irregular flushing of the clay during pressing, defects caused by molds and above all from non-homogeneous shrinkage and stresses during drying which lead to cracks or deformation of the product. These various problems lead to a relatively high rate of waste, which lowers the profitability of the operation. It is known to produce tiling elements, tableware articles, or refractory elements, by pressing a relatively dry powder, allowing the articles to be cooked without prior drying. However, these products do not have the physical characteristics essential to tiles which are, among other things, impermeability and frost protection, without an additional surface treatment.

Le but de l'invention est de fournir un procédé de fabrication de tuiles à emboîtement ne nécessitant pas de phase de séchage, tout en permettant l'obtention d'une tuile qui possède les caractéristiques essentielles requises, notamment une bonne imperméabilité et une bonne ingélivité, sans traitement ultérieur spécifique.The object of the invention is to provide a method for manufacturing interlocking tiles that do not require a drying phase, while allowing a tile to be obtained which has the essential characteristics required, in particular good impermeability and good frost-resistance. , without specific further processing.

A cet effet, le procédé qu'elle concerne, consiste :To this end, the process which it relates to consists of:

- à broyer l'argile sous forme de particules d'un diamètre au

Figure imgf000003_0001
- to grind the clay in the form of particles with a diameter of
Figure imgf000003_0001

- à préparer une barbotine par addition d'eau et d'un défloculant, à réaliser l'atomisation de la barbotine pour obtenir des granules sphériques dont l'humidité est comprise entre 0,5 et 10%,- to prepare a slip by adding water and a deflocculant, atomizing the slip to obtain spherical granules whose humidity is between 0.5 and 10%,

- et à réaliser le pressage des granules à l'intérieur d'un moule sous une pression supérieure à 300 kg/cm2 ( 1 kg/cm2 = 101 300 Pa). Avantageusement, la pression de pressage des granules est comprise entre 300 et 600 kg/cm2 ( 1 kg/cm2 = 101 300 Pa).- And to carry out the pressing of the granules inside a mold under a pressure greater than 300 kg / cm 2 (1 kg / cm 2 = 101 300 Pa). Advantageously, the pressing pressure of the granules is between 300 and 600 kg / cm 2 (1 kg / cm 2 = 101,300 Pa).

Ce procédé présente le premier intérêt de limiter l'importance de l'installation de fabrication de tuiles, dans la mesure où l'on peut supprimer la phase de séchage de celles-ci. Il est toutefois possible d'effectuer avant la cuisson, un préchauffage pour abaisser le taux d'humidité, si celui-ci est trop élevé.The primary advantage of this process is that it limits the size of the tile manufacturing facility, as long as the drying phase can be eliminated. It is however possible to preheat before cooking to lower the humidity, if it is too high.

En outre, la mise en forme par voie sèche permet un meilleur respect des cotes des tuiles, et un meilleur état de surface que le formage en pâte plastique. En effet, il n'existe pas, dans une tuile obtenue par le procédé selon l'invention les phénomènes de retrait que l'on connaît lors du séchage des tuiles obtenu par le procédé traditionnel.In addition, the dry shaping allows better respect of the dimensions of the tiles, and a better surface finish than the plastic paste forming. In fact, in a tile obtained by the process according to the invention, there are no shrinkage phenomena that are known during the drying of the tiles obtained by the traditional process.

Enfin, d'un point de vue économique le procédé selon l'invention est avantageux, dans la mesure où la phase de séchage étant supprimée, il permet de réaliser d'importantes économies d'énergie. Suivant une caractéristique, ce procédé consite à préparer une barbotine avec 0,2 à 1 % en masse de défloculant, le défloculant étant, par exemple, du pyrophosphate de soude.Finally, from an economic point of view, the method according to the invention is advantageous, since the drying phase being eliminated, it allows significant energy savings. According to one characteristic, this process consists in preparing a slip with 0.2 to 1% by mass of deflocculant, the deflocculant being, for example, sodium pyrophosphate.

La granulation est obtenue par atomisation de la barbotine qui est envoyée dans un cylindre où circule de l'air chaud, qui sèche instantanément les goutelettes de barbotine, qui deviennent des particules sphériques de tailles différentes, suivant la taille et la forme des buses projettant la barbotine, ainsi que suivant la puissance du jet. L'humidité est contrôlée par la température.The granulation is obtained by atomization of the slip which is sent into a cylinder where hot air circulates, which instantly dries the droplets of slip, which become spherical particles of different sizes, depending on the size and shape of the nozzles projecting the slip, as well as the power of the jet. Humidity is controlled by temperature.

On obtient ainsi des granules de forme sphérique, situées dans un éventail de granulometrie, possédant un coeur humide entouré d'une coque sèche, structure avantageuse car permettant, lors du pressage, une bonne répartition dans le moule.Granules of spherical shape are thus obtained, located in a range of particle sizes, having a moist core surrounded by a dry shell, an advantageous structure because allowing, during pressing, a good distribution in the mold.

Avantageusement, l'humidité des granules obtenues est contrôlée par la température et est inférieure à 10 % et de préférence de l'ordre de 8 %. Suivant une possibilité, consiste à mettre en oeuvre une argile de type illitique.Advantageously, the humidity of the granules obtained is controlled by temperature and is less than 10% and preferably of the order of 8%. According to one possibility, consists in using an illitic type clay.

La poudre constituée par les granules est pressée dans un moule à deux empreintes, qui peut posséder plusieurs parties mobiles, les unes par rapport aux autres, afin de réaliser des différences d'épaisseur, des galbes, des nervures, des chicanes, comme tel est le cas pour des tuiles obtenues par la technique traditionnelle, tout en permettant d'assurer une pression uniforme en tous les points de la masse de granules pressées lors du moulage. Le sabot de remplissage du moule peut également avoir une préforme.The powder formed by the granules is pressed in a two-cavity mold, which may have several moving parts, relative to each other, in order to achieve differences in thickness, curves, ribs, baffles, as is the case for tiles obtained by the traditional technique, while ensuring uniform pressure at all points of the mass of granules pressed during molding. The mold filling shoe can also have a preform.

Comme il ressort de ce qui précède, ce procédé de fabrication, qui comporte des phases très spécifiques de mise en oeuvre, permet d'obtenir par pressage à sec, des tuiles possédant de bonnes caractéristiques mécaniques, ainsi qu'une bonne imperméabilité et une bonne ingélivité.As is clear from the above, this manufacturing process, which includes very specific stages of implementation, makes it possible to obtain, by dry pressing, tiles having good mechanical characteristics, as well as good impermeability and good ingenuity.

Comme il va de soi, l'invention ne se limite pas au seul mode de mise en oeuvre de ce procédé décrit ci-dessus à titre d'exemple, elle en embrasse au contraire toutes les variantes de mise en oeuvre. C'est ainsi notamment que la nature du défloculant pourrait être différente ou que l'argile mise en oeuvre pourrait être autre qu'une argile illitique, sans que l'on sorte pour autant du cadre de l'invention. As it goes without saying, the invention is not limited to the single mode of implementation of this method described above by way of example, on the contrary it embraces all the variants of implementation. Thus in particular that the nature of the deflocculant could be different or that the clay used could be other than an illitic clay, without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS 1 . Procédé de fabrication de tuiles à emboîtement, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste :1. Method for manufacturing interlocking tiles, characterized in that it consists of: - à broyer l'argile sous forme de particules d'un diamètre au
Figure imgf000006_0001
- to grind the clay in the form of particles with a diameter of
Figure imgf000006_0001
 - à préparer une barbotine par addition d'eau et d'un défloculant, à réaliser l'atomisation de la barbotine pour obtenir des granules sphériques dont l'humidité est comprise entre 0,5 et 10%,to prepare a slip by adding water and a deflocculant, to carry out the atomization of the slip to obtain spherical granules whose humidity is between 0.5 and 10%, - et à réaliser le pressage des granules à l'intérieur d'un moule sous une pression supérieure à 300 kg/cm2 ( 1 kg/cm2 = 101 300 Pa).- And to carry out the pressing of the granules inside a mold under a pressure greater than 300 kg / cm 2 (1 kg / cm 2 = 101 300 Pa). 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que la pression de pressage des granules est comprise entre 300 et 600 kg/cm2 ( 1 kg/cm2 = 101 300 Pa).2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressing pressure of the granules is between 300 and 600 kg / cm 2 (1 kg / cm 2 = 101 300 Pa). 3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à préparer une barbotine avec 0,2 à 1 % en masse de défloculant.3. Method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it consists in preparing a slip with 0.2 to 1% by mass of deflocculant. 4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le défloculant est du pyrophosphate de soude.4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the deflocculant is sodium pyrophosphate. 5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'humidité des granules obtenues est contrôlée par la température et est inférieure à 10 %.5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the humidity of the granules obtained is controlled by the temperature and is less than 10%. 6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'humidité des granules est de l'ordre de 8 %.6. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the humidity of the granules is of the order of 8%. 7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à mettre en oeuvre une argile de type illitique.7. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it consists in using an illitic type clay. 8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à réaliser le moulage des tuiles dans un moule comportant des pièces mobiles, pour assurer une pression uniforme en tous les points de la masse de granules pressées lors du moulage. 8. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it consists in carrying out the molding of the tiles in a mold comprising moving parts, to ensure a uniform pressure at all points of the mass of pressed granules during molding.
PCT/FR1998/000315 1997-02-19 1998-02-18 Method for making fitting tiles Ceased WO1998037033A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE69801229T DE69801229T2 (en) 1997-02-19 1998-02-18 METHOD FOR PRODUCING ROOF TILES
AT98910788T ATE203501T1 (en) 1997-02-19 1998-02-18 METHOD FOR PRODUCING ROOF TILES
EP98910788A EP1009722B1 (en) 1997-02-19 1998-02-18 Method for making fitting tiles

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR97/02179 1997-02-19
FR9702179A FR2759723B1 (en) 1997-02-19 1997-02-19 METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING INTERLOCKING TILES

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998037033A1 true WO1998037033A1 (en) 1998-08-27

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PCT/FR1998/000315 Ceased WO1998037033A1 (en) 1997-02-19 1998-02-18 Method for making fitting tiles

Country Status (6)

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EP (1) EP1009722B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE203501T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69801229T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2161045T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2759723B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1998037033A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106495663B (en) * 2016-11-14 2019-04-23 山东省方圆经纬设计集团有限公司 A lightweight self-insulating block

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE447241C (en) * 1924-10-21 1927-07-18 Adriaan Van De Koppel Process for the production of pellets from powdery ceramic masses by the dry pressing process
GB555839A (en) * 1942-03-24 1943-09-09 Altham Colliery Company 1924 L Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of buttons and the like
FR1161534A (en) * 1955-10-12 1958-09-01 Philips Nv Method of molding ceramic objects
FR1445450A (en) * 1965-08-28 1966-07-08 Pacific Clay Products Method and apparatus for making ceramic articles and products
JPS5232909A (en) * 1975-09-09 1977-03-12 Nippon Toki Kk Manufacture of clay powder for ceramics cast mud
DD155820A1 (en) * 1978-10-24 1982-07-07 Harald Seifert PROCESS FOR PRODUCING CERAMIC PRODUCTS
SU1451128A1 (en) * 1986-12-02 1989-01-15 В.З.Абдрахимов Ceramic mass for making art ceramic articles
US4897029A (en) * 1986-06-07 1990-01-30 Porzellanfabrik Schirnding Ag Device for preparing a very homogeneous and finely divided fine-ceramics mass
SU1726440A1 (en) * 1989-10-03 1992-04-15 Абаканский Филиал Красноярского Политехнического Института Body for manufacturing ceramic products
JPH06191926A (en) * 1992-12-24 1994-07-12 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd Magnesia porcelain composition
EP0691315A1 (en) * 1994-07-08 1996-01-10 Rhone-Poulenc Chimie Process for manufacturing of aqueous, pumpable compositions containing clay
DE4444774C1 (en) * 1994-12-15 1996-03-07 Klaus Dipl Ing Strobel Prodn. of ceramic products, esp. thin-walled pipes

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE447241C (en) * 1924-10-21 1927-07-18 Adriaan Van De Koppel Process for the production of pellets from powdery ceramic masses by the dry pressing process
GB555839A (en) * 1942-03-24 1943-09-09 Altham Colliery Company 1924 L Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of buttons and the like
FR1161534A (en) * 1955-10-12 1958-09-01 Philips Nv Method of molding ceramic objects
FR1445450A (en) * 1965-08-28 1966-07-08 Pacific Clay Products Method and apparatus for making ceramic articles and products
JPS5232909A (en) * 1975-09-09 1977-03-12 Nippon Toki Kk Manufacture of clay powder for ceramics cast mud
DD155820A1 (en) * 1978-10-24 1982-07-07 Harald Seifert PROCESS FOR PRODUCING CERAMIC PRODUCTS
US4897029A (en) * 1986-06-07 1990-01-30 Porzellanfabrik Schirnding Ag Device for preparing a very homogeneous and finely divided fine-ceramics mass
SU1451128A1 (en) * 1986-12-02 1989-01-15 В.З.Абдрахимов Ceramic mass for making art ceramic articles
SU1726440A1 (en) * 1989-10-03 1992-04-15 Абаканский Филиал Красноярского Политехнического Института Body for manufacturing ceramic products
JPH06191926A (en) * 1992-12-24 1994-07-12 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd Magnesia porcelain composition
EP0691315A1 (en) * 1994-07-08 1996-01-10 Rhone-Poulenc Chimie Process for manufacturing of aqueous, pumpable compositions containing clay
DE4444774C1 (en) * 1994-12-15 1996-03-07 Klaus Dipl Ing Strobel Prodn. of ceramic products, esp. thin-walled pipes

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Title
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2759723A1 (en) 1998-08-21
DE69801229D1 (en) 2001-08-30
FR2759723B1 (en) 1999-03-19
DE69801229T2 (en) 2001-11-08
EP1009722B1 (en) 2001-07-25
ES2161045T3 (en) 2001-11-16
EP1009722A1 (en) 2000-06-21
ATE203501T1 (en) 2001-08-15

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