WO1998032699A1 - Method of electrosorption from natural water and domestic wastewater - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are methods for electrochemical treatment of water. The inventive method consists in letting the water to be treated flow through clinoptilolite and carbo-graphite placed in the electric field. The invention can be used to eliminate deleterious impurities from drinking water, thereby improving the quality of the water, to treat sea water in order to get useful elements therefrom, but also to purify the industrial and sewage effluent.

Description

\ νθ 98/32699 ΡСΤ / ΙШ97 / 00010

LIST OF ELSIBTIONS FROM PΡΡΡΟDΗYΧ and WATER

Tutorial 5

The invention relates to electrochemical methods of water, and specifically, to the process of elec- tricity from natural and source water.

The most effective current invention can be used for 10 clean water and other good food, as well as improving its quality.

Otherwise, the invention may be used in order to process young or healthy water from whole extracts of valuable from it (for example,

PREVIOUS LEVEL OF TECHNOLOGY

The natural waters used generally for food purposes 20 (ordinary ones - rivers, rivers, channels and underground ones - residents, wells) can be used to transport household goods.

1) inorganic: heavy metals, neutral (ΝΟ ^* ) -, cool (СУ ^' ) -, military (Β ₄ 0 ₇ ^{2 *} ) - ions, serum (се 5), mean

25 solid quantities of suspended and distributed iron, elemental cool;

2) organic: natural (humic and fulvic acids and their compounds with metal cathodes) and synthetic substances that are harmful

30 new human activities (phenols, healthy urban connections, and t.pi.);

3) bacteria, for example, intestinal sticks. Water supply can be decentralized (well, well) and centralized (industrial stations - water)

35 water networks).

Τeχnοlοgiya οchisτκi πiτevοy vοdy vκlyuchaeτ following sτadii: πeρvichnοe χlορiροvanie, κοagulyatsiyu, οτsτaivanie, φil- τρatsiyu (οbychnο cheρez ineρτnye zeρnisτye maτeρialy - κvaρtsevy πesοκ, κeρamziτ, anτρatsiτ) and vτορichnοe χlορiροvanie. Β τаκοй

40 Scheme only at the stage of coagulation may change significantly \ УΟ 98/32699 ΡСΤ / Ш97 / 00010

The foreign composition of the water being cleaned, since as a result of the hydrolysis of heavy metals and iron, is deposited in the process, the process is removed and the process is removed. At the stage of cooling, the removal of bacteria and 5 decrease in the color of water due to the acidification of humic and fulvic acids occur.

However, as a result of economic activity, the result is the risk of significant contamination of the process, resulting in adverse effects of the disease.

10 will become insufficient, without ensuring reliable removal of foreign components from drinking water. In addition, in the last time, there is a widespread involvement of well water, iron content at the end of the year, and the date is higher than the previous one.

15 even a hundred times. All of this has led to the development of various physical and computational methods that can be implemented in the devices of the most diverse operations.

It is important to note the fact that the vast majority of known devices for cleaning products are not provided.

20 Comprehensive Calculations of Foreign Impurities.

The Μ Reception ’filter (ΗPe Η Georganika’, Russian Federation, the Μ Reception ’filter) has been known), which is free from coal, which is empty The same adsorbent properties of activated carbons, effective

25 nο isποlzuemye πρi adsορbtsii πaροv vsevοzmοzhnyχ ορganiche- sκiχ veschesτv of gazοvyχ sρed, πρaκτichesκi not imeyuτ mesτa πρi used ποlzοvanii aκτiviροvannyχ coals vοdnyχ sρedaχ, τaκ κaκ προ- isχοdiτ οbemnοe zaποlnenie πορ sορbenτa vοdοy.

USING FILTERS OF SUCH CONSTRUCTION MAY BE

30 Assigning simple tasks to solve, for example, calculating and returning active or deactivating active storage. A widespread opinion is that filters from activated charcoal remove humic and fulvic acids, which is a malfunctioning, absorptive substance

35 bath coals are extremely insignificant. The latter also relate to the specific features of the activated coals due to the composition of the heavy metals involved in the operation of the coals.

The method of calculating drinking water with the use of a consumer-clinician is known, which is concluded in that

40 The water being cleaned should be emptied through a filter with loading from \ νθ 98/32699 ΡСΤ / Κυ97 / 00010

nogo klinopolitilovogo tuffa. It helps to remove the suspension from the water (not soluble in the substances), but also the non-soluble foreign products. Κlinοπτilοliτοvye φilτρy eφφeκτivnο isποlzuyuτ πρi 5 οchisτκe vοd οτ ρadiοizοτοποv sτροntsiya and cesium, and τaκzhe κaτiοnοv ammοniya ( "Χimiya and τeχnοlοgiya vοdy, sbορniκ sτaτey, τ.8, Ν6, 1986 (Μοsκva, Μ.Μ.Senyavin and dρ." Pροmyshlennye isπyτaniya πρiροd- nοgο κlinοπτilοliτa ", s.52-56)) (Μaτeρialy Βsesοyuznοy nauchnο- τeχnichesκοy κοnφeρentsii πο dοbyche, πeρeρabοτκe and πρimeneniyu

10 Primary Purposes, 1989, (Biblisi, Β.Α.

“Studies of various clinics of various places for calculating large amounts of ammonia”, p.210-213)).

A significant disadvantage of the aforementioned method is that it does not allow for the calculation of water from anions

15 (nitrates, nitrites, borates) and from natural humic and fulvic acids.

Otherwise, this method does not ensure efficient calculation of inaccurate metal katyutov: nickel, nickel, ore, gum, ore.

20 At present, a large dis- charge has been received by the waste water, and the use of high-pressure systems.

The method of power supply from the old and the old is known

25 vοd, zaκlyuchayuschiysya in τοm, chτο οchischaemuyu vοdu προπusκayuτ cheρez uglegρaφiτοvy maτeρial, naχοdyaschiysya in eleκτρichesκοm ποle (Μaτeρialy mezhdunaροdnοgο κοngρessa "Βοda: eκοlοgiya and τeχnοlο- Gia", τ.2, 1994 (Μοsκva, Ε.G.Αbρamοv "Eleκτροsορbtsiοnnaya οchisτ - ka and the indexing of drinking water ", p.341-351)).

30 This means that it is effective to remove heavy metals, iron and steel, as well as humorous and hazardous substances.

A significant disadvantage of this method is that it

35 does not ensure the calculation of water from ammonia, high (more than 100 mg / l) of the content of nitrates, katonium and cesium.

Otherwise, it should be noted that for the purpose of removing the bromine from the OCEAN water (ДСС СССΡ, т.313, ΝЗ, 1990, (Ε.

40 WATER ", p. 653-656)) use of such a method is in use \ νθ 98/32699 l ΡСΤ / ΚШ7 / 000Ю

The oxidation of activated coal, that is, to its destruction and, as a consequence, to a decrease in the efficiency of the extraction of bromine from the cycle of the cycle.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

The main task of the present invention is to create a method of supplying electricity from natural and primary water, which is direct

10 I would ensure clean water from ammonia, waste, karate, cesium and cesium with reliable bacterial protection.

The task posed is achieved by the fact that in the case of an elec- tric assembly from natural and discharged water, which is cleaned, the process is neglected

15 eligible for use in the electric field, according to the invention, further cleaned by means of an omnibus that is also electrically cleaned.

The proposed method provides for the calculation of water from anions (nitrates, nitrites, oxides), natural humics and fulvic acids

20 years, significant (elevating PDL in dozens of times), iron content is similar to that of foreign products, as well as weighted, as well as it is non-oversized,

Otherwise, this method ensures that water is cleaned.

25 ammonia ions, high (more than 100 mg / l) content of nitrates, no katonion of a structure and cesium, and also a reliable bacteriological protection.

A preferable embodiment of the present invention is a scrubber and carbon material disposed of

30 one electric field.

Mutual amplification of the electrical properties of the activated charcoal system - the clinician, which is in the case of the electrical system, is caused by the violation of the law,

35 energy-efficient electric reactions due to energy adsorption on the clinic. Че In its turn, the sale of catalytic and analogous reactions to voluminous elec-

40 permanently affects the kinetic characteristics of foreign exchange. \ νθ 98/32699 ΡСΤ / ΚШ7 / 000Ю

Quick description of drawings

Other purposes and advantages of the present invention will be appreciated from the following detailed description of the use of this invention by reference to the accompanying drawings, which are referenced herein. 1 illustrates the basic design of the device for the implementation of the proposed method; φig. 2 - electrical module (single module).

10 BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The method of electrically discharging from natural and wastewater is included in the process, which cleans the water and eliminates the risk of carcinoma

Residents examined the natural forms of cleaning of ten places, the chemical composition of the facilities is shown in the table. 1.

20

Table

* π τ и и π π

25 The tests were carried out on the installation (Fig. 1), including the electrical module 1, connected to the source 2, and also the message 3. \ νθ 98/32699 ΡСΤ / ΚШ7 / 000Ю

For the purpose of calculating the amount of processed water, a special analytical unit was used.

Electrical module 1, after a quick filter, the water, properly handled, is provided with its own compact

5 elec- On the other hand, the activated charcoal layer, respectively, is polarized

10 it was rolled, and the layer of the analogue coal was the same, which led to the working of both layers of coal as the bulk of electrical elements. There is a central camera 8 with download from the external camera 9 at a speed of 4.5 times () at an average speed of 4.5 times ().

1 5 mm, δ (layer thickness) = 10 mm. Βse τρi κameρy: κaτοdnaya 4, 8 and tsenτ- ρalnaya anοdnaya 5 - οdnοgο gabaρiτnοgο ρazmeρa and ρazdeleny πορisτymi vοdοπροnitsaemymi diaφρagmami 10. Pρi ρabοτe usτa- nοvκi vοda ποdaeτsya nasοsοm bottom vveρχ and ποsledοvaτelnο προ- χοdiτ cheρez zagρuzκi anοdnοgο coal 6, and 9 κlinοπτilοliτa κaτοdnο -

20 hectares of coal 6, under electric voltage. The value of the set voltage is shared by the final task.

Research was conducted on natural water and seawater. Β source water, in accordance with a specific task, added pollutants, for the sake of efficiency

On 25th, the proposed equipment and known methods were compared. The composition of the water is listed in the table. 2.

Table 2 Composition of the Wastewater of the city of Russia on the map

thirty

NOTE име 1

WATER WATER DETERMINATION FROM NITRATE AMMONIA \ νθ 98/32699 7 ΡСΤ / ΚШ7 / 000Ю

The initial concentration of ammonia in water was 150 mg / l of salt (34 mg / l of ammonia and 1 16 mg / l of nitrate). The food of such a composition was filtered through the loading of a scrubber with a volume of 1200 ml; through the loading of activated charcoal 5 with a volume of 1200 ml and through the combined loading, according to the declared method, with a volume of 1200 ml. The speed of pumping water through the layer of loading was 3 l / h. The testing area is 600 hours, the device is used and their analysis for the content of ammonia ions and no charge in the process is used. Comparative results of the experiment are given in table. 3. We used the clinic site of the White Plast.

15 Table 3

Dependence of the content of ammonium and nitrate ions (mg / l) in comparison with the quantity in the amount of nt and various calculation methods

Ρ ρ ° 2

20 WATER WATER CALCULATION FROM NITRATE AMMONIA

Conditions for driving experience in the field of ° 1. We used a clinic for the location of the Jedzi. The results of the experiment are presented in the table. 4.

25 \ νθ 98/32699 ΡСΤЯШ97 / 00010

Table 4 Dependence of the content of ammonium and nitrate ions (mg / l) in the filter at a time when using different variants of calculation

Ρ ρ ° 3

WATER WATER DETERMINATION FROM NITRATE AMMONIA

Conditions for driving experience in the field of ° 1. We used the clinic site of the spring. The results of the experiment are presented in table. 5.15 Table 5

Dependence of the content of ammonium and nitrate ions (mg / l) in the filter at the same time when using different calculation options

\νθ 98/32699 ΡСΤ/ΚШ7/000Ю

\ νθ 98/32699 ΡСΤ / ΚШ7 / 000Ю

Ρ ρ ° 4

WATER WATER CLEANING FROM RADIATION

Tests of downloads from various sites were tested. 5 different locations. The composition of the source in the original water was 0.3 mg / l. The analysis of the production unit was carried out with the use of a component of the structure-85 at the installation, which includes the power supply unit, and a faulty test box. Data on the removal of a plant from the water 10 for known, and also claimed, methods are summarized in table. 6-8.

Table 6 Dependence of the content of the section in the filter

15 at the time of the request from the clinician

Table 7

20 Dependence on the content of the filter at a time after loading from activated charcoal before electric voltage

Βρname, h 200 400 600

Concentration, mg / L 0.27 0.27 0.28

Table 8

25

Dependence of the content of the structure in the filter after \ νθ 98/32699 10 ΡСΤ / Κϋ97 / 00010

electrically loaded, which consists of active coal and electric power surges

Ρ ρ ° 5

Removal of humic and fulvic acids from natural waters

Аче On the other hand, the source was used in a source of water from 10 ° C with a source color of 300 ° at a plate scale.

Studies using a clinical course (well-known method) have shown that practicing in practice does not remove humic and fulvic acids from natural substances.

Data on the use of activated charcoal 15 by electrical voltage, as well as by the integrated download, is hereby acknowledged. 9 and 10.

Table 9

20

Dependence of the color of the filter at a time after loading from activated charcoal before electric voltage

\νθ 98/32699 1 1 ΡСΤ/ΚШ7/000Ю

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Table 10

Dependence of the color of the filter at a time after an integrated charge from activated coal and an electric charge due to electric voltage

10 Example Ν ° 6

Well Water Calculation

Calculation of borehole water from large quantities of iron at a weighted average concentration (total concentration of 25 mg / l - 100

15 PDΚ). The total content of humic and fulvic acids in the studied water was 4–5 mg / l.

Researches of a known method of calculating water from a well-known case have shown that, despite this, protection was provided (30)

20% increase in the concentration of iron in the filter. No evidence of humic and fulvic acid was observed in practice. The results are from well bore water from iron with the use of loaded coal from activated coal by electrical voltage, and also by ignition. eleven.

25

10

35 2699 12 ΡСΤ / ΚШ7 / 000Ю

Table 1 1

Zavisimοsτ sοdeρzhaniya iron, and guminοvyχ φulvοκislοτ in φilτρaτe οτ vρemeni ποsle zagρuzκi of aκτiviροvannοgο ποd eleκτρichesκim naπρyazheniem coal and coal κοmπleκsnοy zagρuzκi aκτiviροvannοgο and κlinοπτilοliτa ποd eleκτρichesκim naπρyazheniem

Ρ ρ ° 7

Electric extraction of bromine from oceanside water

The initial content of bromides in the test water was 65 mg / l, the total wood content was 35 g / l.

Electrochemical parameters and process characteristics of the process of extracting the bromide from organic water using 12.

\ νθ 98/32699 13 ΡСΤ / ΚШ7 / 000Ю

Table 12

Electrochemical and technological characteristics of the process of extracting the bromine from the organic water

It should be noted that, in the case of the use of an active pot, 10 baths of coal did not exceed 20-25 mg / g, while using a charcoal

Τaκim οbρazοm, isχοdya of sρavniτelnοgο analysis πρiveden- nyχ πρimeροv above, κοτορye illyusτρiρuyuτ ρezulτaτy isποlzο- 15 Bani izvesτnyχ and zayavlyaemοgο sποsοba, πο Ratings avτοροv κοm- πleκsnye zagρuzκi, sοsτοyaschie aκτiviροvannοgο of coal and πρiροd- nοgο κlinοπτilοliτa, naχοdyaschiχsya ποd eleκτρichesκim naπρyazheni- eat Calling:

1) Remove from larger quantities more than 20 hundred foreign substances than when using each other in normal use;

2) to achieve higher calculation indices in a large and quantitative way of saving for more efficient purposes or more profitable

25 incident in the case of extraction of the bromide from oceans.

Znachiτelnοe change eleκτροχimichesκiχ πaρameτροv in προtsessaχ οbρabοτκi vοdnyχ ρasτvοροv eleκτροliτοv and τaκzhe κa- chesτvennο nοvye vοzmοzhnοsτi πο removal τeχ or inyχ κοmπο- nenτοv of πρiροdnyχ vοd πρi iχ οbρabοτκe πο zayavlyaemοmu sποsο-

30 are due, in the opinion of the authors, to the following physical features of the system, which consists of a combined download - activated charcoal - wedge-out - 2699 14 ΡСΤ / ΚШ7 / 000Ю

the next. Κaκ izvesτnο (D.Bρeκ, "Tseοliτοvye mοleκulyaρnye siτa", 1976, Μiρ (Μοsκva), 781s.) The most πρimechaτelnaya οsοben- nοsτ tseοliτοv - presence in iχ sτρuκτuρe vnuτρenney πορisτοsτi - sisτemy πusτοτ and κanalοv, κοτορye in οbychnyχ uslοviyaχ zaποlneny mοleκulami vοdy and interchangeable boxes. It is the name of this particularity of the clinician, in the opinion of the authors, that determines the possibility of forming a connection. Β eleκτρichesκοm same ποle προisχοdiτ inτensiφiκatsiya προtsessοv οbρazοvaniya τaκοgο ροda πeροκsidnyχ vοdnyχ sτρuκτuρ and vοzmοzhnο, iχ ποluchenie in anali- τichesκi znachimyχ κοntsenτρatsiyaχ, chτο bylο ποdτveρzhdenο avτορa- E with ποmοschyο κachesτvennyχ ρeaκtsy (vοssτanοvlenie πeρmangana- κaliya τa, gland οκisleniya iοnοv dvuχvalenτnοgο dο τρeχvalenτnο- it, acidification of iodide-yonid for free income). Τaκim οbρazοm κachesτvennye improve πaρameτροv οbρabοτκi and of extracting the depth of vοdnyχ eleκτροliτοv τeχ or inyχ κοmποnenτοv (iοnοv), πο Ratings avτοροv, mοzheτ byτ associated with inτensivnymi οκisli- τelnο-vοssτanοviτelnymi gοmοgennymi χimichesκimi ρeaκtsiya- E, προτeκayuschimi in zοne deysτviya eleκτρichesκοgο ποlya, κοτορye , in spite of the fact that there are heterogeneous oxygen-hazardous reactions that are realizable by electrical in- volves οm scheτe, οbesπechivaeτ bοlee glubοκοe extraction or οchisτκu vοdy οτ τeχ or inyχ iοnοv (κaκ κaτiοnοv, and τaκ aniοnοv). Otherwise, you should note the effect of the efficient accessory of the converted structure of coal, which is responsible for the change. Pο-vidimοmu, eτο sποsοbsτvueτ οbρazοvaniyu on ρazviτοy ποveρχ- nοsτi coal slοzhnyχ zaρyazhennyχ κοmπleκsnyχ sτρuκτuρ, vκlyu- chayuschiχ vοdnye πeροκsidnye κlasτeρy and κaτiοny or aniοny in zavisimοsτi οτ znaκa and magnitude ποτentsiala, zadavaemοgο οτ vneshnegο isτοchniκa emf Taking into account the intensive adsorption of activated carbon of the molecular acid and the following treatment of it and the water molecule in the following:

1/20 ₂ + ΗΟΗ 20Η ^", in ρezulτaτe chegο ποveρχnοsτ coal πρiοbρeτaeτ ποlοzhiτelny zaρyad (I.Α.Τaρκοvsκaya" Οκislenny ugοl ", 1981, Ηauκοva dumκa (Κiev) 198s) avτορy πρedποlagayuτ initsiiροvanie dalneyshegο οκisliτelnο-vοssτanοviτelnοgο πeρeχοda in κlasτeρnye vοdnye πeροκsidnye Forms of a hydraulic unit located in an electric field after a clinician, which is one of the most universal \ νθ 98/32699 15 ΡСΤ / ΚШ7 / 000Ю

Calcium adherents of water molecules among well-known materials and materials (Ρ.Ρ. Barrum “Hydrochemical Chemistry”, 1985, Μиρ (Μοсва), 424.

A detailed study of the mechanisms of physical and chemical impairment of 5 communications will subsequently, in the opinion of the authors, create a process that is not connected with a static solution.

10 Intended use

The most effective living invention can be used to clean drinking water and to improve its quality. Otherwise, the invention may be used 15 for the treatment of seafood from the whole extraction of valuable minerals, and also for industrial purposes.

Claims

\ νθ 98/32699 16 ΡСΤ / ΚШ7 / 000Ю ΦΟΡΜУЛΑ ИБΟБΡΕΤΕΗИЯ Ι.Sποsοb eleκτροsορbtsii of πρiροdnyχ and sτοchnyχ vοd, za- κlyuchayuschiysya in τοm, chτο οchischaemuyu vοdu προπusκayuτ cheρez 5 carbon gρaφiτοvy maτeρial, naχοdyaschiysya in eleκτρichesκοm ποle, ο τ L and - sistent τem, chτο οchischaemuyu vοdu dοποlniτelnο προπusκayuτ cheρez κlinοπτilοliτ, It is located in an electric field. 2. Method 1, which is characterized by the fact that the cartridge and carbon material are disposed of in one electric field - 10 garbage.