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WO1998032523A1 - Purificateur de gaz effluents - Google Patents

Purificateur de gaz effluents Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1998032523A1
WO1998032523A1 PCT/FI1997/000036 FI9700036W WO9832523A1 WO 1998032523 A1 WO1998032523 A1 WO 1998032523A1 FI 9700036 W FI9700036 W FI 9700036W WO 9832523 A1 WO9832523 A1 WO 9832523A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
scrubber
flue gas
energy production
sections
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FI1997/000036
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Heikki Airikkala
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TH Finland Oy
Original Assignee
Kvaerner Pulping Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kvaerner Pulping Oy filed Critical Kvaerner Pulping Oy
Priority to AU15476/97A priority Critical patent/AU1547697A/en
Priority to PCT/FI1997/000036 priority patent/WO1998032523A1/fr
Publication of WO1998032523A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998032523A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D47/12—Washers with plural different washing sections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
    • B01D53/501—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound
    • B01D53/504—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound characterised by a specific device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/80—Semi-solid phase processes, i.e. by using slurries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flue gas scrubber of the type presented in the introductory part of the appended Claim 1.
  • Flue gas scrubbers are used in processes producing flue gases to remove undesirable gaseous and/or solid substances, such as sulphur compounds, heavy metals and dust, from the flue gases of the process by means of a washing solution before discharging the flue gases into the environment.
  • Flue gas scrubbers intended for the removal of sulphur compounds utilize an alkaline washing solution, wherein they are called either lime scrubbers or caustic scrubbers, depending on the active agent in the washing solution.
  • the most common flue gas scrubbers in use are characterized by certain structural features: A vertical, so-called spray tower containing a scrubber chamber, into which the flue gases to be purified and the washing solution are supplied to have contact with each other, an outlet pipe for washed flue gases on the top of the tower, and an outlet in the lower part of the chamber for the washing solutions accumulated in the bottom of the chamber.
  • a vertical, so-called spray tower containing a scrubber chamber into which the flue gases to be purified and the washing solution are supplied to have contact with each other
  • an outlet pipe for washed flue gases on the top of the tower and an outlet in the lower part of the chamber for the washing solutions accumulated in the bottom of the chamber.
  • An example of a scrubber with these structural features is presented in Finnish Patent No. 58443.
  • scrubbers play an essential role in energy production plants, in which sulphur-containing fuels are used for the production of electricity and/or heat.
  • These power plants e.g. diesel power plants or package boiler power plants, can comprise several energy production units (diesel engines, boilers etc.) coupled in parallel.
  • flue gases coming from different units are no longer conveyed to one joint scrubber but to several different scrubbers.
  • a separate scrubber is arranged for each energy production unit producing flue gases, or the units are grouped in such a way that one scrubber receives the flue gases from a group of two or several units. The units can thus operate better in energy production independently of each other.
  • the scrubbers can have a joint stack, to which the outlet pipes from the upper part of the scrubber are introduced via an outlet duct on top of the scrubber, or each scrubber can have a stack of its own. In such a system of several scrubbers it is also possible to arrange scrubber groups where the scrubbers have a joint stack.
  • the scrubbers naturally take a certain space in the power plant. Thus they can be allocated a separate section in the power plant area, a scrubber plant, which is provided with the equipment and chemicals required for their use and to which the flue gases coming from the energy production units are led.
  • a problem with present scrubber arrangements is that if each energy production unit is provided with a separate scrubber, the scrubbers occupy an unreasonably large part of the area of the power plant. On the other hand, if the flue gases from several energy production units are led to one scrubber and there is an operational break in the scrubber, all energy production units must be stopped.
  • the aim of the invention is to present a new type of scrubber with which it is possible to reduce the space requirement of multi-scrubber systems by reducing the number of apparatuses. Further the invention can be utilized to ensure the continuity of energy production at least partly irrespective of malfunction of one scrubber section.
  • the scrubber of the invention is primarily characterized in what will be presented in the characterizing part of the appended Claim 1.
  • the scrubber chamber is thus divided by a partition wall into two or more sections provided with flue gas ducts from different energy production units as well as their respective devices for supplying washing solution.
  • the scrubber chamber inside the scrubber housing can be provided with two or more functional scrubbers.
  • the operating devices, such as circulating pumps, maintenance routes, etc. required by the different scrubbers can be arranged more practically around the same scrubber housing without dis- tributing them around the multi-scrubber system, wherein more space is saved and the multi-scrubber system can operate even better.
  • Fig. 1 is a side view illustrating the principle of the scrubber according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows the same seen from above
  • Fig. 3 shows the whole scrubber plant seen from the side
  • Fig. 4 shows the same seen from above.
  • FIG. 1 shows the scrubber in a schematic view from the side, and it also discloses the principle of operation of the scrubber.
  • the scrubber comprises a vertical cylindrical wall which simultaneously constitutes the structural support housing 1 of the tower scrubber and in its interior forms a scrubber chamber 2 in which the flue gases and the washing solution are brought into contact with each other.
  • the foundation of the housing is indicated with the reference numeral 15.
  • the chamber 2 is divided by a vertical partition wall 3 into two separate scrubber chambers or scrubber sections 2a and 2b, each being provided with an inlet flue gas duct 4a and 4b, respectively, coming from different energy production units.
  • washing solution supply devices 5a and 5b which effect the falling down of the liquor against the flow direction of the flue gas, and they usually have the structure of suitable washing sprays distributing the liquor as evenly as possible in the area of the horizontal cross-section of the scrubber chamber.
  • the liquor that has been in contact with the flue gases and accumulated in the lower part of the scrubber chamber is removed via a discharge pipe 6a and 6b, respectively, and it can be recirculated into the washing solution supply devices via a circulating pump 13a and 13b, respectively.
  • the figure shows the principle in a simplified manner, and in practice the scrubber comprises several circulating pumps and correspondingly several circulations for each scrubber section, as well as connections for adding fresh washing solution and for removing the washing solution containing impurities to further processing (shown by broken lines).
  • the cylindrical side wall has a conically tapered top which ends in a stack 7 extending directly above the housing 1 for conveying the gases discharged from the scrubber directly up from its upper end into the air.
  • a joint stack can be used for both scrubber chambers 2a and 2b, which is an advantage over a conventional multi-scrubber system, in which the aim is also to build a joint high stack e.g. for two different scrubbers, but in which it would be necessary to arrange a space requiring particular foundation for the stack and to lead separate flue gas ducts from each scrubber to the stack.
  • the scrubber housing 1 can be sufficient for supporting the stack 7, or it can be supported on the ground with a separate support frame outside the housing, as indicated by broken lines 8 in Fig. 1 , supported on the foundation 15.
  • droplet separators 9a and 9b are arranged in the conical part underneath the stack. From the droplet separator, the droplets can fall into the scrubber section directly underneath it. Underneath the droplet separator in the conical part or the upper end of the cylindrical part, one or each scrubber chamber can be provided with a packed bed with its own washing solution circulation. In the scrubber sections 2a and 2b, it is also possible to use all arrangements known from gas scrubbers for making the scrubbing action more effective.
  • Figure 1 shows the extension of the partition wall 3 up to the lower part of the stack 7.
  • the partition wall 3 can also terminate at a lower point for example in such a way that a joint droplet separator is provided for both scrubber sections 2a and 2b.
  • the purpose of the partition wall 3 is primarily to separate the flue gases coming from different units and their washing solutions from each other.
  • Figure 2 shows the geometry of the scrubber seen from above.
  • the housing of the scrubber has a circular horizontal cross-section, and it is divided by the partition wall 3 into two sectors of 180°.
  • the in- vention is not limited to a scrubber comprising two scrubber sections, but the division of the interior of the housing into three or four separate scrubber sections is feasible, wherein the sectors in the horizontal section of Fig. 2 would be 120° and 90°, respectively.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates how the circulating pumps 13a and 13b can be arranged next to the scrubber housing in parallel on the same side thereof.
  • washing solution circulations are close to each other, they can also be connected in such a way that the same circulation solution is used in both scrubber sections. This kind of a connection is intended to be optional, and the scrubber should always comprise the option of completely separate circulations.
  • FIGs 3 and 4 show a scrubber plant comprising the scrubber according to the invention.
  • the structure of the scrubber is the same as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
  • the scrubber is a lime scrubber, wherein the plant comprises also a limestone silo for preparing the washing solution, i.e. lime slurry, in a dosage tank underneath the same.
  • the equipment for treatment of the waste removed from the process in this case the equipment for treatment of calcium sulphate, is indicated with the reference numeral 11.
  • Figure 4 illustrates the grouping of different parts in the scrubber plant into a compact entity.
  • the scrubber housing 1 , the equipment 10 for preparing the washing solution (limestone silo and dosage tank), and the equipment 11 for processing the washing solution removed as waste (calcium sulphate processing equipment) are arranged in a triangle, wherein a staircase tower 12 is arranged in the middle for maintenance and control, having horizontal entrances 14 to all said three parts, i.e. one staircase tower will suffice.
  • the staircase tower can be arranged to have the structure of spiral stairs.
  • Figure 4 shows also the placement of the circulating pumps 13 in one group on the opposite side of the scrubber housing 1 as seen from the staircase tower 12. Both flue gas ducts 4a, 4b enter the scrubber on opposite sides in the area left between the staircase tower and the group of the circulating pumps. Different energy production units, from which said flue gas ducts 4a, 4b are led into the scrubber plant, are denoted schematically by blocks A and B.
  • Figure 4 shows only one advantageous layout for the scrubber plant, and it is naturally possible to use other layouts as well for the different equipment without deviating from the basic idea of the invention.
  • the invention is not limited to scrubber plants with only one scrubber housing either. If the large number of energy production units necessitates several separate scrubbing processes which for practical reasons cannot be incorporated within the same scrubber housing, it is possible to provide the plant with more than one scrubber housing having scrubber chambers or scrubber sections, separated from each other with a partition wall according to the invention, and these can be of the type shown in Figs. 1 and 2. From such scrubber housings, exhaust gas ducts can be led to a joint stack.
  • the invention is intended particularly for scrubbing flue gases from such power plants in which the separate energy production units have a relatively small capacity.
  • Power plants of this kind include particularly diesel power plants, in which several engines are coupled in parallel and the flue gases produced by each engine or a group of several engines can thus be purified in a process of its own, or power plants comprising several boilers with small capacities, such as package boilers or fire-tube boilers.
  • the same power plant can also comprise different types of energy production units.
  • the invention also covers an arrangement in which flue gases from more than one energy production unit are led to the same scrubber section, but in that case, too, the flue gas ducts come to each scrubber section from a unit or group of units allotted to it.
  • the scrubber structure shown in Figs. 1 and 2 has the following advantages over two separate scrubbers, in addition to the fact that the structure itself is more compact:
  • the foundation work is substantially reduced when one scrubber and the stack foundation is eliminated.
  • the scrubber is a part of the stack, wherein the stack becomes shorter in length.
  • droplet separators As droplet separators, more advantageous horizontal droplet separators can be used instead of vertical droplet sepa- rators.
  • the roof of the scrubber is eliminated, because it is replaced by the inlet opening of the stack.
  • the horizontal flue gas exhaust duct between the scrubber and the stack is eliminated, because the stack begins directly from the top of the scrubber, and no connector bel- lows between the exhaust ducts and the stack are needed.
  • the number of chloride-resistant special coatings is reduced by virtue of the omission of said roofs and horizontal exhaust ducts, i.e. there are less walls.
  • the length of tubing and electric and instrument cables is shorter than in a plant of two separate scrubbers.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

Un purificateur de gaz effluents, conçu pour purifier les gaz effluents émis par une unité de production d'énergie, comprend un châssis (1) de purificateur formant une chambre de purification (2), dans laquelle aboutit un orifice d'entrée de gaz effluent et qui comporte un équipement permettant d'amener une solution de lavage. La chambre de purification est divisée par une cloison (3) en deux zones de lavage (2a, 2b) ou davantage, dont chacune possède sa propre conduite de gaz (4a, 4b) et ses propres dispositif s pour amener la solution de lavage (5a, 5b).
PCT/FI1997/000036 1997-01-24 1997-01-24 Purificateur de gaz effluents Ceased WO1998032523A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU15476/97A AU1547697A (en) 1997-01-24 1997-01-24 Flue gas scrubber
PCT/FI1997/000036 WO1998032523A1 (fr) 1997-01-24 1997-01-24 Purificateur de gaz effluents

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/FI1997/000036 WO1998032523A1 (fr) 1997-01-24 1997-01-24 Purificateur de gaz effluents

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998032523A1 true WO1998032523A1 (fr) 1998-07-30

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ID=8556674

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI1997/000036 Ceased WO1998032523A1 (fr) 1997-01-24 1997-01-24 Purificateur de gaz effluents

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU1547697A (fr)
WO (1) WO1998032523A1 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090049986A1 (en) * 2004-11-01 2009-02-26 Pekka Kaisko Method and scrubber for scrubbing flue gas flows
CN101417207B (zh) * 2008-11-06 2011-02-09 武汉凯迪电力环保有限公司 大型双循环流化床半干法烟气脱硫塔
CN101642676B (zh) * 2009-08-20 2011-06-22 武汉凯迪电力股份有限公司 双向进气式低阻半干法烟气脱硫塔
ITPI20110018A1 (it) * 2011-02-21 2012-08-22 Sime S R L Metodo e apparato per l'addolcimento e/o la disidratazione di un gas a base di idrocarburi, in particolare gas naturale
EP2520352A1 (fr) * 2011-05-02 2012-11-07 Alstom Technology Ltd Récipient à contact de gaz/liquide et utilisation associée au système de traitement de gaz de carburant
CN102872712A (zh) * 2012-10-16 2013-01-16 北京科技大学 一种半干法脱硫设备
US20130019530A1 (en) * 2010-03-29 2013-01-24 Sime Srl Method and an apparatus for sweetening and dehydrating a hydrocarbon gas, in particular a natural gas
WO2014178882A1 (fr) * 2013-05-03 2014-11-06 Fluor Technologies Corporation Systèmes et procédés de traitement multicellulaire de gaz
CN104437071A (zh) * 2014-12-17 2015-03-25 曲堂杰 混合双相脱硫脱硝除尘装置及脱硫脱硝除尘方法
US9333456B2 (en) 2013-05-03 2016-05-10 Fluor Technologies Corporation Systems and methods for multi-celled gas processing
EP3620226A1 (fr) * 2018-09-07 2020-03-11 Wessel-Umwelttechnik GmbH Dispositif de traitement de l'air extrait ou des gaz d'echappement
CN115245736A (zh) * 2021-04-25 2022-10-28 湖南天桥环境科技有限公司 烟气净化sda半干法脱酸塔

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1544066A1 (de) * 1965-11-19 1970-02-26 Linde Ag Adsorptionsvorrichtung
SE423492B (sv) * 1976-12-31 1982-05-10 Tampella Oy Ab Gasskrubber
DE3531416A1 (de) * 1985-09-03 1987-03-05 Walther & Cie Ag Gaswaescher
EP0393014A2 (fr) * 1989-04-11 1990-10-17 Peter J. Ing. Schmid Appareil pour le traitement de gaz
SE502789C2 (sv) * 1994-10-13 1996-01-15 Sandvik Ab Förfarande för tillverkning av svavelsyra samt anordning för genomförande av förfarandet

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1544066A1 (de) * 1965-11-19 1970-02-26 Linde Ag Adsorptionsvorrichtung
SE423492B (sv) * 1976-12-31 1982-05-10 Tampella Oy Ab Gasskrubber
DE3531416A1 (de) * 1985-09-03 1987-03-05 Walther & Cie Ag Gaswaescher
EP0393014A2 (fr) * 1989-04-11 1990-10-17 Peter J. Ing. Schmid Appareil pour le traitement de gaz
SE502789C2 (sv) * 1994-10-13 1996-01-15 Sandvik Ab Förfarande för tillverkning av svavelsyra samt anordning för genomförande av förfarandet

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8349055B2 (en) 2004-11-01 2013-01-08 Metso Power Oy Method and scrubber for scrubbing flue gas flows
EP1814645A4 (fr) * 2004-11-01 2010-10-20 Metso Power Oy Procede et epurateur pour epurer des ecoulements de gaz effluents
US20090049986A1 (en) * 2004-11-01 2009-02-26 Pekka Kaisko Method and scrubber for scrubbing flue gas flows
CN101417207B (zh) * 2008-11-06 2011-02-09 武汉凯迪电力环保有限公司 大型双循环流化床半干法烟气脱硫塔
CN101642676B (zh) * 2009-08-20 2011-06-22 武汉凯迪电力股份有限公司 双向进气式低阻半干法烟气脱硫塔
US9346008B2 (en) * 2010-03-29 2016-05-24 Sime Srl Method and an apparatus for sweetening and dehydrating a hydrocarbon gas, in particular a natural gas
US20130019530A1 (en) * 2010-03-29 2013-01-24 Sime Srl Method and an apparatus for sweetening and dehydrating a hydrocarbon gas, in particular a natural gas
WO2012114276A2 (fr) 2011-02-21 2012-08-30 Sime S.R.L. Procédé et appareil pour édulcorer et/ou déshydrater un hydrocarbure gazeux, en particulier un gaz naturel
US9273261B2 (en) 2011-02-21 2016-03-01 Sime Srl Method and apparatus for sweetening and/or dehydrating a hydrocarbon gas, in particular a natural gas
ITPI20110018A1 (it) * 2011-02-21 2012-08-22 Sime S R L Metodo e apparato per l'addolcimento e/o la disidratazione di un gas a base di idrocarburi, in particolare gas naturale
WO2012114276A3 (fr) * 2011-02-21 2013-05-23 Sime S.R.L. Procédé et appareil pour édulcorer et/ou déshydrater un hydrocarbure gazeux, en particulier un gaz naturel
EP2520352A1 (fr) * 2011-05-02 2012-11-07 Alstom Technology Ltd Récipient à contact de gaz/liquide et utilisation associée au système de traitement de gaz de carburant
WO2012150493A1 (fr) * 2011-05-02 2012-11-08 Alstom Technology Ltd Récipient de mise en contact d'un gaz et d'un liquide et son utilisation dans un système de traitement de gaz de carneau
CN102872712A (zh) * 2012-10-16 2013-01-16 北京科技大学 一种半干法脱硫设备
WO2014178882A1 (fr) * 2013-05-03 2014-11-06 Fluor Technologies Corporation Systèmes et procédés de traitement multicellulaire de gaz
CN105392547A (zh) * 2013-05-03 2016-03-09 氟石科技公司 用于多单元气体处理的系统和方法
US9333456B2 (en) 2013-05-03 2016-05-10 Fluor Technologies Corporation Systems and methods for multi-celled gas processing
US9975083B2 (en) 2013-05-03 2018-05-22 Fluor Technologies Corporation Systems and methods for multi-celled gas processing
CN104437071A (zh) * 2014-12-17 2015-03-25 曲堂杰 混合双相脱硫脱硝除尘装置及脱硫脱硝除尘方法
EP3620226A1 (fr) * 2018-09-07 2020-03-11 Wessel-Umwelttechnik GmbH Dispositif de traitement de l'air extrait ou des gaz d'echappement
CN115245736A (zh) * 2021-04-25 2022-10-28 湖南天桥环境科技有限公司 烟气净化sda半干法脱酸塔

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