WO1998023989A1 - Verfahren zur entfernungsmessung und entfernungsmesser - Google Patents
Verfahren zur entfernungsmessung und entfernungsmesser Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998023989A1 WO1998023989A1 PCT/EP1997/006460 EP9706460W WO9823989A1 WO 1998023989 A1 WO1998023989 A1 WO 1998023989A1 EP 9706460 W EP9706460 W EP 9706460W WO 9823989 A1 WO9823989 A1 WO 9823989A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- partial beams
- distance
- lens
- main objective
- laser
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/46—Indirect determination of position data
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/026—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness by measuring distance between sensor and object
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/0004—Microscopes specially adapted for specific applications
- G02B21/0012—Surgical microscopes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/87—Combinations of systems using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
- G01S7/4811—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements common to transmitter and receiver
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for measuring the distance between a lens and an object, and to a range finder that works according to this method.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of finding a new method for distance measurement which is easy to evaluate optically and permits reliable distance measurement.
- a temporal coding can be provided, in which, for example, one of the laser beams and then the other illuminates with a time delay.
- the two laser beams are actually in parallel in front of the parallel beam path of the objective. Any angular deviations from the parallelism are conceivable, provided the lens or microscope is calibrated after the laser light-generating elements have been installed and the calibration is taken into account in the calculation.
- a specific, defined luminous dot distance in the object plane shows the focused state of the objective in relation to the object plane.
- the accuracy of the distance measurement according to the invention is influenced by the angle ⁇ that the two beams have in relation to one another.
- the position of the object plane in relation to the optical axis is also important. If these are perpendicular to each other, the measurement is carried out without any problems. A correction is not necessary.
- the measuring points are then symmetrical to the optical axis. at An asymmetry can be compensated for by calculation by measuring the respective distance of the respective measuring points from the optical axis and then calculating them back to the inclined position of the object plane.
- the position of the optical axis can be detected optically insofar as it is indicated by the intersection of the laser beams as soon as it becomes visible.
- the measuring system can be calibrated in this way.
- the light frequency of the laser beams can be in the visible as well as in the invisible range, provided appropriate detection means are provided.
- CCDs can be used as detection means in the infrared range.
- FIG. 1 shows a main objective in a symbolically represented microscope with a stylized laser beam arrangement according to the invention
- a transparent support plate 10 which carries two deflection mirrors 12a and 12b. 12a and 12b are aligned in the illustrated Embodiment that is not restrictive.
- the deflection mirror 12a is a semitransparent splitter mirror, so that a laser beam 2, which is emitted by a laser radiation source 3 which may be arranged outside the microscope, is split into two partial beams 2a, 2b.
- the deflecting mirrors 12a, 12b are followed by diaphragms 9a and 9b, which optically code the partial laser beams 2a and 2b.
- the parallel partial laser beams 2a and 2b are angled in the direction of the focal point 5 of the main objective 18 located in the focal plane A. If an object 6 is now outside the focal plane A, the laser partial beams 2a and 2b generate two luminous markings 20a and 20b on the object 6.
- the distance 13 between the two luminous markings 20a and 20b is a measure of the distance Z between the main plane 7 of the main objective 18 and object 6 or the difference f (focal length) minus Z.
- FIG. 2 shows a variant for time-coded partial beam paths 2a and 2b, which are generated in that the laser beam is directed through two deflection mirrors 17a and 17b, which are aligned with one another, in the direction of further deflection mirrors 12c, which are not aligned with one another, but are arranged in front of the main objective 18, is redirected.
- the deflecting mirror 17a is partially transparent. Between the deflecting mirrors 17 and 12 there is a rotating pinhole 14 with a hole 16 which is set in rotation by a drive 15. Only when the hole coincides with a partial beam path 2a or 2b can this be focused by the main objective 18.
- a planar, transparent optics carrier 24 carries a deflection mirror 25 approximately centrally, which images part of the radiation coming from the object 6 via an imaging system 26 onto a location-sensitive optoelectronic detector 27, for example a CCD.
- the optics carrier 24 is mounted directly behind the main objective 18 in the parallel beam path.
- the light images 20b and 20a appearing on the object 6 can be imaged on the detector 27 in this way.
- the following is connected to an evaluation unit 19 with evaluation software and a corresponding computer: a display 21 for indicating the Z distance.
- microscope-controlling components can also be connected to the evaluation unit 19, such as an autofocus 22 or an output 23 for stereotactic applications, in particular for determining the relative position of the microscope 1 or the object 6.
- the optics carrier 10 or 24 or the small deflection elements 12a, b, c, 17a, b can be found in the teaching of patent applications PCT / EP 95/01311 and PCT / EP 95/01301.
- all other conventional methods for mirroring or extracting information from a beam path are also within the scope of the invention.
- the method with the transparent optics carriers is preferred.
- the laser beams can also pass through the main objective 18 at any angle, provided that it is subsequently calibrated and it is established that a certain illuminated dot distance 13 in the object plane is in a focused state of the main objective 18 in relation to the object plane.
- FIG. 4 The symbolic representation of FIG. 4 shows the following: A point T to be considered is in front of the focal point F.
- the laser beam S1 generates a point P (S1) in the plane B.
- the laser beam S2 creates a point P (S2).
- P (S1) is not equal to P (S2).
- the distance 13 of the two points gives the distance of the point T under consideration to the focal plane A. If we now consider the position of the two points to each other, a statement can be made as to whether the distance between T and A is given a positive or negative sign. If the observed point T lies in front of the focal point F, P (S1) to the right of P (S2) is seen through the microscope 1, if vice versa, then the observed point T 'is behind the focal point F.
- FIG. 5 shows a variant which not only allows the measurement of the Z distance but also allows a magnification measurement (T measurement) via beam splitter 12c, d.
- the laser beam 2 is additionally split into the partial beams S2 'and S2 ", which together form a defined angle ⁇ .
- the partial beams S2' and S2" are guided through the further optics of the microscope 1, not shown in FIG. 5, and for determination the magnification of the microscope 1 evaluated.
- the evaluation is described in more detail in PCT / EP 95/01311. In particular, reference is made there to FIGS. 1-7 and the description on pages 8-15. All of the variants specified there can be used sensibly, as far as measuring beam recording and evaluation are concerned.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Microscoopes, Condenser (AREA)
- Measurement Of Optical Distance (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP52424198A JP2001504592A (ja) | 1996-11-22 | 1997-11-19 | 距離測定方法および距離測定装置 |
| US09/308,593 US6307636B1 (en) | 1996-11-22 | 1997-11-19 | Method for telemeasuring and telemeter |
| EP97951918A EP0939916A1 (de) | 1996-11-22 | 1997-11-19 | Verfahren zur entfernungsmessung und entfernungsmesser |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH288196 | 1996-11-22 | ||
| CH2881/96 | 1996-11-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1998023989A1 true WO1998023989A1 (de) | 1998-06-04 |
Family
ID=4243692
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1997/006460 Ceased WO1998023989A1 (de) | 1996-11-22 | 1997-11-19 | Verfahren zur entfernungsmessung und entfernungsmesser |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6307636B1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0939916A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2001504592A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20000057176A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1238840A (de) |
| TW (1) | TW355738B (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1998023989A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1262810A3 (de) * | 2001-05-29 | 2003-01-08 | Leica Microsystems AG | Verfahren zur Entfernungsmessung ausgedehnter Objekte in Verbindung mit einer optischen Betrachtungseinrichtung und Mikroskop zur Durchführung desselben |
| CN104048643A (zh) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-09-17 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | 一种精细操作系统及其距离测量的方法 |
| EP4092462A1 (de) * | 2021-05-18 | 2022-11-23 | Leica Instruments (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Laserunterstützte autofokussierung |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10300925B4 (de) * | 2002-02-04 | 2020-02-27 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag | Stereo-Untersuchungsvorrichtung und Stereo-Bilderzeugungsvorrichtung mit einer solchen |
| JP4384463B2 (ja) * | 2003-09-22 | 2009-12-16 | オリンパス株式会社 | 焦点検出ユニット並びにそれを用いた屈折率測定装置及び非接触温度計 |
| EP1528411B1 (de) * | 2003-10-27 | 2010-01-27 | Bea S.A. | Entfernungsmessgerät |
| US7253384B2 (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2007-08-07 | Microscan Systems Incorporated | Focusing system using light source and image sensor |
| JP4799216B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-03 | 2011-10-26 | 富士通株式会社 | 距離測定機能を有する撮像装置 |
| US20080065348A1 (en) * | 2006-09-11 | 2008-03-13 | Dowd Joseph F | Duct geometry measurement tool |
| DE102011082756A1 (de) * | 2011-09-15 | 2013-03-21 | Leica Microsystems (Schweiz) Ag | Autofokussierverfahren und -einrichtung für ein Mikroskop |
| JP6619996B2 (ja) * | 2015-11-24 | 2019-12-11 | 三鷹光器株式会社 | 手術用立体観察装置 |
| CN108398694B (zh) * | 2017-02-06 | 2024-03-15 | 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 | 激光测距仪及激光测距方法 |
| NL2018857B1 (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2018-11-09 | Illumina Inc | Systems and methods for improved focus tracking using a light source configuration |
| NL2018854B1 (en) | 2017-05-05 | 2018-11-14 | Illumina Inc | Systems and methodes for improved focus tracking using blocking structures |
| NL2018853B1 (en) | 2017-05-05 | 2018-11-14 | Illumina Inc | Systems and methods for improved focus tracking using a hybrid mode light source |
| SG11202002365SA (en) | 2017-09-18 | 2020-04-29 | Apollo Medical Optics Ltd | Interference imaging device and its application |
| CN112748564A (zh) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-05-04 | 上海睿钰生物科技有限公司 | 一种显微装置及显微装置的调焦方法 |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1405241A (fr) * | 1964-04-01 | 1965-07-09 | Pré-repérages optiques pour applications de laser | |
| US3710798A (en) * | 1971-08-30 | 1973-01-16 | American Optical Corp | Laser system for microsurgery |
| US3741654A (en) * | 1972-03-01 | 1973-06-26 | Farrand Optical Co Inc | Measuring apparatus |
| US4238157A (en) * | 1978-02-03 | 1980-12-09 | Ernst Leitz Wetzlar Gmbh | Process and arrangement for the alignment of imaging systems |
| US4410242A (en) * | 1980-01-12 | 1983-10-18 | Carl Zeiss-Stiftung | High-precision ophthalmometer which is independent of distance |
| US4888490A (en) * | 1988-05-24 | 1989-12-19 | University Of Southern California | Optical proximity apparatus and method using light sources being modulated at different frequencies |
| JPH0772090A (ja) * | 1993-09-03 | 1995-03-17 | Ratotsuku Syst Eng Kk | 結晶欠陥検出装置における観察深度設定方法 |
| US5545160A (en) * | 1990-08-14 | 1996-08-13 | O'rourke; Daniel K. | Computer oriented stereotactic microneurological surgery |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4272190A (en) * | 1978-08-14 | 1981-06-09 | Typalogics | Optical measuring system |
| US4769523A (en) * | 1985-03-08 | 1988-09-06 | Nippon Kogaku K.K. | Laser processing apparatus |
| EP0822436B1 (de) | 1994-04-11 | 2003-01-22 | Leica Microsystems (Schweiz) AG | Verfahren zur Ermittlung von Positionsdaten und Vorrichtung für das Messen der Vergrösserung in einem optischen Strahlengang |
-
1997
- 1997-11-19 CN CN97199971A patent/CN1238840A/zh active Pending
- 1997-11-19 US US09/308,593 patent/US6307636B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-11-19 KR KR1019990704480A patent/KR20000057176A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-11-19 WO PCT/EP1997/006460 patent/WO1998023989A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1997-11-19 EP EP97951918A patent/EP0939916A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-11-19 JP JP52424198A patent/JP2001504592A/ja active Pending
- 1997-12-04 TW TW086117522A patent/TW355738B/zh active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1405241A (fr) * | 1964-04-01 | 1965-07-09 | Pré-repérages optiques pour applications de laser | |
| US3710798A (en) * | 1971-08-30 | 1973-01-16 | American Optical Corp | Laser system for microsurgery |
| US3741654A (en) * | 1972-03-01 | 1973-06-26 | Farrand Optical Co Inc | Measuring apparatus |
| US4238157A (en) * | 1978-02-03 | 1980-12-09 | Ernst Leitz Wetzlar Gmbh | Process and arrangement for the alignment of imaging systems |
| US4410242A (en) * | 1980-01-12 | 1983-10-18 | Carl Zeiss-Stiftung | High-precision ophthalmometer which is independent of distance |
| US4888490A (en) * | 1988-05-24 | 1989-12-19 | University Of Southern California | Optical proximity apparatus and method using light sources being modulated at different frequencies |
| US5545160A (en) * | 1990-08-14 | 1996-08-13 | O'rourke; Daniel K. | Computer oriented stereotactic microneurological surgery |
| JPH0772090A (ja) * | 1993-09-03 | 1995-03-17 | Ratotsuku Syst Eng Kk | 結晶欠陥検出装置における観察深度設定方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 095, no. 006 31 July 1995 (1995-07-31) * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1262810A3 (de) * | 2001-05-29 | 2003-01-08 | Leica Microsystems AG | Verfahren zur Entfernungsmessung ausgedehnter Objekte in Verbindung mit einer optischen Betrachtungseinrichtung und Mikroskop zur Durchführung desselben |
| US7394552B2 (en) * | 2001-05-29 | 2008-07-01 | Leica Microsystems Ag | Method for measuring the separation of extended objects in conjunction with an optical observation system and microscope for carrying out the same |
| CN104048643A (zh) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-09-17 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | 一种精细操作系统及其距离测量的方法 |
| EP4092462A1 (de) * | 2021-05-18 | 2022-11-23 | Leica Instruments (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Laserunterstützte autofokussierung |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW355738B (en) | 1999-04-11 |
| CN1238840A (zh) | 1999-12-15 |
| JP2001504592A (ja) | 2001-04-03 |
| KR20000057176A (ko) | 2000-09-15 |
| US6307636B1 (en) | 2001-10-23 |
| EP0939916A1 (de) | 1999-09-08 |
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