WO1998020611A1 - Electric power supply circuit - Google Patents
Electric power supply circuit Download PDFInfo
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- WO1998020611A1 WO1998020611A1 PCT/EP1997/006028 EP9706028W WO9820611A1 WO 1998020611 A1 WO1998020611 A1 WO 1998020611A1 EP 9706028 W EP9706028 W EP 9706028W WO 9820611 A1 WO9820611 A1 WO 9820611A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- transistor
- power supply
- sensor circuit
- sensor
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/1213—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for DC-DC converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/338—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
- H03K17/081—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
- H03K17/0812—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the control circuit
- H03K17/08126—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the control circuit in bipolar transitor switches
Definitions
- the invention relates to a power supply circuit that can be operated on a DC or AC voltage network, in particular an electronic switching power supply.
- Such a power supply circuit namely a primary clocked flyback converter
- a primary clocked flyback converter is known from DE 36 1 8 221 C2, which is operated with a supply voltage obtained from a direct or alternating voltage network via a rectifier bridge circuit.
- This flyback converter contains a first transistor 1, the collector-emitter path of which is connected in series with a primary coil 51 acting as a load of a transformer and an emitter resistor 21 to the supply voltage U g .
- This switching power supply also contains a drive transistor 2, with which the current flow through the first transistor 1 and the load can be controlled.
- the first transistor 1 In order to be able to comply with the currently applicable regulations, such circuits must be designed in such a way that they can withstand voltage peaks of approx. In the known circuit briefly described above, this means that, above all, the first transistor 1 must have a sufficiently high overvoltage resistance. However, this surge resistance is dependent on the potential difference between the base and the emitter of the transistor. If the base and the emitter are connected to each other with a sufficiently low resistance, the dielectric strength of the collector-emitter path is much higher than with an open base. The maximum dielectric strength is achieved not only when the base and the emitter are short-circuited, but also when the base is at a lower potential than the emitter.
- This object is achieved according to the invention by means of a sensor circuit which detects voltage peaks on the supply voltage generated, for example, by interference pulses and brings the endangered transistor into its state of maximum dielectric strength by means of a control circuit.
- the sensor circuit in a first embodiment, it consists of a capacitor which is connected with its one connection to a pole of the supply voltage source and with its other connection to the control input of the control circuit. This sensor circuit reacts to the steep voltage rise caused by an interference pulse, which is transmitted without delay to the control circuit. The base circuit of the endangered first transistor is then terminated with a low impedance by means of the control circuit.
- the sensor circuit only delivers a signal to the control circuit when the size of a voltage peak exceeds a certain threshold value.
- the sensor circuit then consists, for example, of a series connection of a resistor with a varistor or a Zener or Transil diode, one end of the sensor circuit being connected to one pole of the supply voltage source and the other end of the sensor circuit being connected to the control input of the drive circuit is.
- the sensor circuit can also consist of a series connection of a resistor with the switching path of a third transistor, the control input of the third transistor being connected to the same end of the sensor circuit as the switching path of the third transistor.
- the sensor circuit can consist of a series connection of two resistors, i.e. a voltage divider, where the connection point of the two resistors is connected to the control input of the drive circuit, but the reference potential of the voltage divider does not necessarily have to be identical to the reference potential of the drive circuit.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically a power supply circuit according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows an embodiment for the control circuit shown schematically in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 shows a sensor circuit consisting of a capacitor
- FIG. 4 shows a sensor circuit consisting of a series circuit comprising a resistor and a Zener diode
- FIG. 5 shows a sensor circuit consisting of a series circuit consisting of a resistor and a transil diode
- FIG. 6 shows a sensor circuit consisting of a series circuit comprising a resistor and a varistor
- FIG. 7 shows a sensor circuit consisting of a series circuit comprising a resistor and a bipolar transistor
- FIG. 8 shows a sensor switching circuit consisting of a series circuit comprising a resistor and a MOS transistor
- Figure 1 0 shows an example of a first power supply circuit according to the invention.
- Fig. 1 1 shows an example of a second power supply circuit according to the invention.
- the power supply circuit also contains a sensor circuit 33 and a control Circuit 40.
- a terminal 3 of the sensor circuit, a terminal 6 of the control circuit 40 and the emitter of the transistor 10 are connected to one pole of the supply voltage source.
- a terminal 1 of the sensor circuit is connected to the other pole of the supply voltage source and one end of the load 20.
- the sensor circuit 33 also has an output connection 2, which is connected to a control input 4 of the control circuit 40.
- the drive circuit 40 has an output terminal 5 which is connected to the base of the transistor 10. In another embodiment, the sensor circuit has only the connections 1 and 2. In FIGS.
- connection of the sensor circuit 33 and the control circuit 40 are each provided with the reference symbols mentioned above, so that it can be seen in a self-explanatory manner how the circuit parts shown in Figures 2 to 9 are interconnected to the power supply circuit shown only schematically in Fig. 1.
- control circuit 40 shows only one transistor as part of the control circuit 40 which is relevant to the invention, the control input 4 of the control circuit 40 being connected to the base of the transistor and the output terminal 5 of the control circuit 40 being connected to the collector of the transistor.
- the emitter of the transistor is connected to terminal 6 of the drive circuit.
- connection 1 is connected to one pole of the supply voltage source and connection 2 is connected to control input 4 of control circuit 40.
- the sensor circuit shown in FIG. 9 consists of a voltage divider with a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, which are connected in series between the connections 1 and 3 of the sensor circuit.
- the output terminal 2 of the sensor circuit is connected to the connection point of the two resistors R1, R2.
- the connection 3 of the sensor circuit is not at the same potential as the connection 6 of the control circuit 40.
- the sensor circuits according to FIGS. 4 to 8 each have a series connection of a current limiting resistor R and a voltage 4, a Zener diode in Fig. 5, a Transil diode in Fig. 5, a varistor in Fig. 6, a bipolar transistor in Fig. 7 and a MOS transistor in Fig. 8 Transistor is.
- connection 1 of the sensor circuits is connected to one end of the current limiting resistor R, and connection 2 of the sensor circuit to the further component.
- the base of the bipolar transistor is connected to the emitter and terminal 2 of the sensor circuit; 8 analog gate and source are connected to terminal 2.
- the numbering of the connections of the sensor circuits shown in FIGS. 3 to 9 is to be understood so that in other embodiments for sensor circuits according to the invention, the sensor circuits shown in FIGS. 3 to 8 can replace the first resistor R1 shown in FIG. 9.
- the power supply circuit according to the invention shown in FIG. 10 differs from the circuit known from DE 36 18 221 C2 only by adding the sensor circuit 33 ′ according to FIG. 4.
- the switching power supply shown in Fig. 1 0 thus has a primary clocked flyback converter with a transformer and a first transistor 1 and a diode 31 provided in the load circuit, which is polarized so that the energy stored in the blocking time of the first transistor 1 in the transformer the consumer, which in this case consists of an accumulator 61 and a DC motor 62 which can be switched to the accumulator 61 via a switch 63, is discharged. If the consumer is only a DC motor without an accumulator, a capacitor must be connected in parallel to the motor to smooth the output voltage.
- the flyback converter is fed via a rectifier bridge circuit and a resistor 28 from a DC or AC voltage network, the voltage of which varies between 100 and 250 volts, but in extreme cases also 1 2 volts, and the frequency of which can be almost arbitrary in the case of a feeding AC voltage network can.
- the rectified output voltage is applied via a series choke 8 and a transverse capacitor 9 to the input of the flyback converter or the control and regulating electronics.
- the rectified voltage U g is due to the series connection of the primary winding 51 of the transformer, the collector-emitter path of the first transistor 1 and the first resistor 21.
- the base of the first transistor 1 is both via the series circuit a resistor 26 and a capacitor 1 2 connected to the one terminal of the secondary winding 52 of the transformer and also via a resistor 25 to the positive potential of the rectified voltage U g .
- the base of the first transistor 1 is connected to ground or reference potential via the collector-emitter path of a second transistor 2.
- the emitter of the first transistor is connected to ground or reference potential via the first resistor 21.
- the connection denoted by B between the emitter of the first transistor 1 and the first resistor 21 is via the parallel connection of a capacitor 11 with a second resistor 22 and a further resistor 23 connected in series at the positive pole of the input voltage source.
- the connection point of the resistor 23 with the parallel connection of the capacitor 11 and the second resistor 22 is denoted by A and is connected to the base of the second transistor 2 via a zener diode 30.
- the base of the second transistor 2 is connected to reference potential via a resistor 24.
- the Zener diode 30 allows a more defined definition of the switching threshold of the second transistor 2. If the Zener diode 30 is omitted, i. H.
- the resistor 24 can also be omitted.
- the value of the resistor 21 is then, with otherwise the same dimensioning, correspondingly smaller.
- the winding direction of the primary and secondary windings 51 and 52 of the transformer is determined by the points entered.
- the circuit can also be constructed such that in addition to the secondary current flowing through the secondary winding, the secondary current flowing through the primary winding also flows through the accumulator.
- the accumulator 61 is then connected between the resistor 21 and reference potential and the one end of the secondary winding 52 is guided to the connection point between the accumulator 61 and the resistor 21.
- the preferred power supply circuit according to the invention is shown in Fig. 1 1. It differs from the circuit known from DE 36 1 8 221 C2 only by adding the sensor circuit 33 "according to FIG. 3, ie a capacitor is connected in parallel to the resistor 23.
- the known circuit which already contains a control circuit in the form of the control transistor 2 is modified by adding a sensor circuit according to the invention and a further control circuit which also controls the first transistor 1, that is to say the base in the event of an interference pulse of the first transistor regardless of the current operating state of the power supply circuit pulls to a correspondingly low potential.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
StromversorαunαsschaltunαStromversorαunαsschaltunα
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine an einem Gleich- oder Wechselspannungsnetz betreibbare Stromversorgungsschaltung, insbesondere ein elektronisches Schaltnetzteil.The invention relates to a power supply circuit that can be operated on a DC or AC voltage network, in particular an electronic switching power supply.
Aus der DE 36 1 8 221 C2 ist eine derartige Stromversorgungsschaltung, nämlich ein primär getakteter Sperrwandler bekannt, der mit einer über eine Gleichrichter-Brückenschaltung aus einem Gleich- oder Wechselspannungsnetz gewonnenen Versorgungsspannung betrieben wird. Dieser Sperrwandler enthält einen ersten Transistor 1 , dessen Kollektor-Emitter-Strecke in Reihe mit einer als Last wirkenden Primärspule 51 eines Übertragers und einem Emitterwiderstand 21 an die Versorgungsspannung Ug gelegt ist. Ferner enthält dieses Schaltnetzteil einen Ansteuer-Transistor 2, mit dem der Stromfiuß durch den ersten Transistor 1 und die Last steuerbar ist.Such a power supply circuit, namely a primary clocked flyback converter, is known from DE 36 1 8 221 C2, which is operated with a supply voltage obtained from a direct or alternating voltage network via a rectifier bridge circuit. This flyback converter contains a first transistor 1, the collector-emitter path of which is connected in series with a primary coil 51 acting as a load of a transformer and an emitter resistor 21 to the supply voltage U g . This switching power supply also contains a drive transistor 2, with which the current flow through the first transistor 1 and the load can be controlled.
Um die derzeit gültigen Bestimmungen einhalten zu können, müssen derartige Schaltungen so ausgelegt sein, daß sie der Netzspannung überlagerte Spannungsspitzen von ca. 1 000 Volt schadlos aushalten können. Bei der oben kurz beschriebenen bekannten Schaltung bedeutet dies, daß vor allem der erste Transistor 1 eine genügend große Überspannungsfestigkeit aufweisen muß. Diese Überspannungsfestigkeit ist jedoch abhängig von der Potentialdifferenz zwischen der Basis und dem Emitter des Transistors. Sind nämlich die Basis und der Emitter hinreichend niederohmig miteinander verbunden, ist die Spannungsfestigkeit der Kollektor-Emitter-Strecke viel höher als bei offener Basis. Die maximale Spannungsfestigkeit wird nicht nur erreicht, wenn die Basis und der Emitter kurzgeschlossen sind, sondern auch wenn sich die Basis auf niedrigerem Potential als der Emitter befindet. Da es bei einer im Betrieb befindlichen Stromversorgungsschaltung nicht vorhersehbar ist, ob ein Störimpuls gerade dann auftritt, wenn die Basis offen ist, müssen Maßnahmen ergriffen werden, die bei jedem Betriebszustand eine Zerstörung des Transistors verhindern. Dies könnte natürlich dadurch erfolgen, daß ein entsprechend überspannungsfester Transistor verwendet wird. Da es jedoch in der Praxis auch wesentlich auf beispielsweise den Wirkungsgrad oder die Schaltzeiten des Transistors ankommt, kann es sinnvoll sein, einen ganz bestimmten Transistor einzusetzen, der zwar alle anderen gewünschten Eigenschaften nicht jedoch die erforderliche Überspannungsfestigkeit besitzt. In diesem Fall muß die für die Schaltung geforderte Überspannungsfestigkeit auf andere Weise erzielt werden. Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Stromversorgungsschaltung anzugeben, die unabhängig von der Spannungsfestigkeit des verwendeten Transistors die Bestimmungen hinsichtlich ihrer Überspannungsfestigkeit einhält.In order to be able to comply with the currently applicable regulations, such circuits must be designed in such a way that they can withstand voltage peaks of approx. In the known circuit briefly described above, this means that, above all, the first transistor 1 must have a sufficiently high overvoltage resistance. However, this surge resistance is dependent on the potential difference between the base and the emitter of the transistor. If the base and the emitter are connected to each other with a sufficiently low resistance, the dielectric strength of the collector-emitter path is much higher than with an open base. The maximum dielectric strength is achieved not only when the base and the emitter are short-circuited, but also when the base is at a lower potential than the emitter. Since it is unpredictable with a power supply circuit in operation whether an interference pulse occurs precisely when the base is open, measures must be taken to prevent the transistor from being destroyed in any operating state. This could of course be done by using an appropriately surge-proof transistor. However, since the efficiency or the switching times of the transistor are also important in practice, it can make sense to use a very specific transistor that does not have all the other desired properties but the necessary surge resistance. In this case, the surge resistance required for the circuit must be achieved in another way. The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a power supply circuit which, regardless of the dielectric strength of the transistor used, complies with the provisions relating to its overvoltage resistance.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt erfindungsgemäß durch eine Sensorschaltung, die beispielsweise durch Störimpulse erzeugte Spannungsspitzen auf der Versorgungsspannung detektiert und mittels einer Ansteuerschaltung den gefährdeten Transistor in seinen Zustand maximaler Spannungsfestigkeit bringt.This object is achieved according to the invention by means of a sensor circuit which detects voltage peaks on the supply voltage generated, for example, by interference pulses and brings the endangered transistor into its state of maximum dielectric strength by means of a control circuit.
Bei einer ersten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführung der Sensorschaltung besteht diese aus einem Kondensator, der mit seinem einen Anschluß an einen Pol der Versorgungs- spannungsquelle und mit seinem anderen Anschluß an den Steuereingang der Ansteuerschaltung angeschlossen ist. Diese Sensorschaltung reagiert auf den durch einen Störimpuls hervorgerufenen steilen Spannungsanstieg, der unverzögert auf die Ansteuerschaltung übertragen wird. Mittels der Ansteuerschaltung wird daraufhin die Basis des gefährdeten ersten Transistors mit einer niedrigen Impedanz abgeschlossen.In a first embodiment of the sensor circuit according to the invention, it consists of a capacitor which is connected with its one connection to a pole of the supply voltage source and with its other connection to the control input of the control circuit. This sensor circuit reacts to the steep voltage rise caused by an interference pulse, which is transmitted without delay to the control circuit. The base circuit of the endangered first transistor is then terminated with a low impedance by means of the control circuit.
Bei anderen erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungen liefert die Sensorschaltung erst dann ein Signal an die Ansteuerschaltung, wenn die Größe einer Spannungsspitze einen bestimmten Schwellwert übersteigt. Die Sensorschaltung besteht dann beispielsweise aus einer Reihenschaltung eines Widerstands mit einem Varistor oder einer Zener- oder Tran- sil-Diode, wobei das eine Ende der Sensorschaltung mit dem einen Pol der Versorgungs- spannungsquelle und das andere Ende der Sensorschaltung mit dem Steuereingang der Ansteuerschaltung verbunden ist. Die Sensorschaltung kann jedoch auch aus einer Reihenschaltung eines Widerstands mit der Schaltstrecke eines dritten Transistors bestehen, wobei der Steuereingang des dritten Transistors mit demselben Ende der Sensorschaltung verbunden ist wie die Schaltstrecke des dritten Transistors. Ferner kann die Sensorschaltung aus einer Reihenschaltung zweier Widerstände, d.h. einem Spannungsteiler, bestehen, wobei der Verbindungspunkt der beiden Widerstände mit dem Steuereingang der Ansteuerschaltung verbunden ist, das Bezugspotential des Spannungsteilers jedoch nicht unbedingt mit dem Bezugspotential der Ansteuerschaltung identisch sein muß.In other embodiments according to the invention, the sensor circuit only delivers a signal to the control circuit when the size of a voltage peak exceeds a certain threshold value. The sensor circuit then consists, for example, of a series connection of a resistor with a varistor or a Zener or Transil diode, one end of the sensor circuit being connected to one pole of the supply voltage source and the other end of the sensor circuit being connected to the control input of the drive circuit is. However, the sensor circuit can also consist of a series connection of a resistor with the switching path of a third transistor, the control input of the third transistor being connected to the same end of the sensor circuit as the switching path of the third transistor. Furthermore, the sensor circuit can consist of a series connection of two resistors, i.e. a voltage divider, where the connection point of the two resistors is connected to the control input of the drive circuit, but the reference potential of the voltage divider does not necessarily have to be identical to the reference potential of the drive circuit.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen erläutert, die in den Zeichnungen dargestellt sind. Es zeigen:The invention is explained below with reference to exemplary embodiments, which in the Drawings are shown. Show it:
Fig. 1 schematisch eine erfindungsgemäße Stromversorgungsschaltung;Fig. 1 shows schematically a power supply circuit according to the invention;
Fig. 2 ein Ausführungsbeispiel für die in Fig. 1 schematisch dargestellte Ansteuerschaltung;FIG. 2 shows an embodiment for the control circuit shown schematically in FIG. 1;
Fig. 3 eine aus einem Kondensator bestehende Sensorschaltung;3 shows a sensor circuit consisting of a capacitor;
Fig. 4 eine aus einer Reihenschaltung aus einem Widerstand und einer Zener-Diode bestehende Sensorschaltung;4 shows a sensor circuit consisting of a series circuit comprising a resistor and a Zener diode;
Fig. 5 eine aus einer Reihenschaltung aus einem Widerstand und einer Transil-Diode bestehende Sensorschaltung;5 shows a sensor circuit consisting of a series circuit consisting of a resistor and a transil diode;
Fig. 6 eine aus einer Reihenschaltung aus einem Widerstand und einem Varistor bestehende Sensorschaltung;6 shows a sensor circuit consisting of a series circuit comprising a resistor and a varistor;
Fig. 7 eine aus einer Reihenschaltung aus einem Widerstand und einem Bipolartransistor bestehende Sensorschaltung;7 shows a sensor circuit consisting of a series circuit comprising a resistor and a bipolar transistor;
Fig. 8 eine aus einer Reihenschaltung aus einem Widerstand und einem MOS-Transistor bestehende Sensorschaltaung;8 shows a sensor switching circuit consisting of a series circuit comprising a resistor and a MOS transistor;
Fig. 9 eine aus einem Spannungsteiler bestehende Sensorschaltung;9 shows a sensor circuit consisting of a voltage divider;
Fig. 1 0 ein Beispiel für eine erste erfindungsgemäße Stromversorgungsschaltung;Figure 1 0 shows an example of a first power supply circuit according to the invention.
Fig. 1 1 ein Beispiel für eine zweite erfindungsgemäße Stromversorgungsschaltung.Fig. 1 1 shows an example of a second power supply circuit according to the invention.
Die in Fig. 1 schematisch dargestellte erfindungsgemäße Stromversorgungsschaltung enthält einen ersten Transistor 1 , dessen Kollektor-Emitter-Strecke in Reihe mit einer Last 20 an die Anschlüsse einer Versorgungsspannungsquelle geschaltet ist. Ferner enthält die Stromversorgungsschaltung eine Sensorschaltung 33 und eine Ansteuer- Schaltung 40. Ein Anschluß 3 der Sensorschaltung, ein Anschluß 6 der Ansteuerschaltung 40 sowie der Emitter des Transistors 1 0 sind mit dem einen Pol der Versorgungsspannungsquelle verbunden. Ein Anschluß 1 des Sensorschaltung ist mit dem anderen Pol der Versorgungsspannungsquelle und einem Ende der Last 20 verbunden. Die Sensorschaltung 33 weist ferner einen Ausgangsanschluß 2 auf, der mit einem Steuereingang 4 der Ansteuerschaltung 40 verbunden ist. Die Ansteuerschaltung 40 weist einen Ausgangsanschluß 5 auf, der mit der Basis des Transistors 10 verbunden ist. Bei einer anderen Ausführung besitzt die Sensorschaltung nur die Anschlüsse 1 und 2. In den Figuren 1 bis 9 sind die Anschlüsse der Sensorschaltung 33 und der Ansteuerschaltung 40 jeweils mit den oben erwähnten Bezugszeichen versehen, so daß in an sich selbst erklärender Weise erkennbar ist, wie die in den Figuren 2 bis 9 dargestellten Schaltungsteile zu der in Fig. 1 nur schematisch dargestellten Stromversorgungsschaltung zusammenzuschalten sind.1 contains a first transistor 1, the collector-emitter path of which is connected in series with a load 20 to the connections of a supply voltage source. The power supply circuit also contains a sensor circuit 33 and a control Circuit 40. A terminal 3 of the sensor circuit, a terminal 6 of the control circuit 40 and the emitter of the transistor 10 are connected to one pole of the supply voltage source. A terminal 1 of the sensor circuit is connected to the other pole of the supply voltage source and one end of the load 20. The sensor circuit 33 also has an output connection 2, which is connected to a control input 4 of the control circuit 40. The drive circuit 40 has an output terminal 5 which is connected to the base of the transistor 10. In another embodiment, the sensor circuit has only the connections 1 and 2. In FIGS. 1 to 9, the connections of the sensor circuit 33 and the control circuit 40 are each provided with the reference symbols mentioned above, so that it can be seen in a self-explanatory manner how the circuit parts shown in Figures 2 to 9 are interconnected to the power supply circuit shown only schematically in Fig. 1.
Fig. 2 zeigt nur einen Transistor als erfindungsrelevanten Teil der Ansteuerschaltung 40, wobei der Steuereingang 4 der Ansteuerschaltung 40 mit der Basis des Transistors und der Ausgangsanschluß 5 der Ansteuerschaltung 40 mit dem Kollektor des Transistors verbunden ist. Der Emitter des Transistors ist mit dem Anschluß 6 der Ansteuerschaltung verbunden.2 shows only one transistor as part of the control circuit 40 which is relevant to the invention, the control input 4 of the control circuit 40 being connected to the base of the transistor and the output terminal 5 of the control circuit 40 being connected to the collector of the transistor. The emitter of the transistor is connected to terminal 6 of the drive circuit.
Die in den Figuren 3 bis 8 dargestellten Sensorschaltungen weisen lediglich zwei Anschlüsse auf, wobei bei diese Sensorschaltungen enthaltenden Stromversorgungsschaltungen der Anschluß 1 mit dem einen Pol der Versorgungsspannungsquelle und der Anschluß 2 mit dem Steuereingang 4 der Ansteuerschaltung 40 verbunden ist. Die in Fig. 9 dargestellte Sensorschaltung besteht aus einem Spannungsteiler mit einem ersten Widerstand R1 und einem zweiten Widerstand R2, die hintereinander zwischen die Anschlüsse 1 und 3 der Sensorschaltung geschaltet sind. Der Ausgangsanschluß 2 der Sensorschaltung ist mit dem Verbindungspunkt der beiden Widerstände R1 , R2 verbunden. Bei einer anderen in den Figuren nicht dargestellten Ausführung der erfindungsgemäßen Stromversorgungsschaltung liegt der Anschluß 3 der Sensorschaltung nicht auf demselben Potential wie der Anschluß 6 der Ansteuerschaltung 40.The sensor circuits shown in FIGS. 3 to 8 have only two connections, whereby in the case of power supply circuits containing these sensor circuits, connection 1 is connected to one pole of the supply voltage source and connection 2 is connected to control input 4 of control circuit 40. The sensor circuit shown in FIG. 9 consists of a voltage divider with a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, which are connected in series between the connections 1 and 3 of the sensor circuit. The output terminal 2 of the sensor circuit is connected to the connection point of the two resistors R1, R2. In another embodiment of the power supply circuit according to the invention, not shown in the figures, the connection 3 of the sensor circuit is not at the same potential as the connection 6 of the control circuit 40.
Die Sensorschaltungen gemäß den Figuren 4 bis 8 weisen jeweils eine Hintereinanderschaltung aus einem Strombegrenzungswiderstand R und einem einen Spannungs- schwellwert definierenden weiteren Bauelement auf, das im Fall der Fig. 4 eine Ze- ner-Diode, in Fig. 5 eine Transil-Diode, in Fig. 6 ein Varistor, in Fig. 7 ein Bipolartransistor und in Fig. 8 ein MOS-Transistor ist. Dabei ist jeweils der Anschluß 1 der Sensorschaltungen mit dem einen Ende des Strombegrenzungswiderstands R verbunden, und der Anschluß 2 der Sensorschaltung mit dem weiteren Bauelement. Bei der Ausführung gemäß Fig. 7 ist die Basis des Bipolartransistors mit dem Emitter und dem Anschluß 2 der Sensorschaltung verbunden; bei der Sensorschaltung nach Fig. 8 sind analog Gate und Source mit dem Anschluß 2 verbunden. Die Numerierung der Anschlüsse der in den Figuren 3 bis 9 dargestellten Sensorschaltungen ist so zu verstehen, daß bei anderen Ausführungen für erfindungsgemäße Sensorschaltungen die in den Figuren 3 bis 8 dargestellten Sensorschaltungen den in Fig. 9 dargestellten ersten Widerstand R1 ersetzen können.The sensor circuits according to FIGS. 4 to 8 each have a series connection of a current limiting resistor R and a voltage 4, a Zener diode in Fig. 5, a Transil diode in Fig. 5, a varistor in Fig. 6, a bipolar transistor in Fig. 7 and a MOS transistor in Fig. 8 Transistor is. In this case, connection 1 of the sensor circuits is connected to one end of the current limiting resistor R, and connection 2 of the sensor circuit to the further component. 7, the base of the bipolar transistor is connected to the emitter and terminal 2 of the sensor circuit; 8 analog gate and source are connected to terminal 2. The numbering of the connections of the sensor circuits shown in FIGS. 3 to 9 is to be understood so that in other embodiments for sensor circuits according to the invention, the sensor circuits shown in FIGS. 3 to 8 can replace the first resistor R1 shown in FIG. 9.
Die in Fig. 10 dargestellte erfindungsgemäße Stromversorgungsschaltung unterscheidet sich von der aus der DE 36 18 221 C2 bekannten Schaltung lediglich durch Hinzufügen der Sensorschaltung 33' gemäß Fig. 4.The power supply circuit according to the invention shown in FIG. 10 differs from the circuit known from DE 36 18 221 C2 only by adding the sensor circuit 33 ′ according to FIG. 4.
Das in Fig. 1 0 dargestellte Schaltnetzteil weist somit einen primär getakteten Sperrwandler mit einem Übertrager und einem ersten Transistor 1 sowie einer im Lastkreis vorgesehenen Diode 31 auf, die so gepolt ist, daß die in der Sperrzeit des ersten Transistors 1 im Übertrager gespeicherte Energie in den Verbraucher, der hier aus einem Akkumulator 61 und aus einem über einen Schalter 63 an den Akkumulator 61 schaltbaren Gleichstrommotor 62 besteht, entladen wird. Ist der Verbraucher nur ein Gleichstrommotor ohne einen Akkumulator, muß dem Motor zur Glättung der Ausgangsspannung ein Kondensator parallel geschaltet werden. Der Sperrwandler wird über eine Gleichrichter-Brückenschaltung und einen Widerstand 28 aus einem Gleich- oder Wechselspannungsnetz gespeist, dessen Spannung zwischen 100 und 250 Volt, im Extremfall aber auch 1 2 Volt, und dessen Frequenz im Falle eines speisenden Wechselspannungsnetzes nahezu beliebig sein kann, variieren kann. Die gleichgerichtete Ausgangsspannung wird über eine Längsdrossel 8 und einen Querkondensator 9 an den Eingang des Sperrwandlers bzw. der Steuer- und Regelelektronik gelegt. Die gleichgerichtete Spannung Ug liegt an der Reihenschaltung der Primärwicklung 51 des Übertragers, der Kollektor-Emitter-Strecke des ersten Transistros 1 und dem ersten Widerstand 21 . Die Basis des ersten Transistors 1 ist sowohl über die Reihenschaltung eines Widerstandes 26 und eines Kondensators 1 2 mit dem einen Anschluß der Sekundärwicklung 52 des Übertragers als auch über einen Widerstand 25 mit dem positiven Potential der gleichgerichteten Spannung Ug verbunden. Darüberhinaus ist die Basis des ersten Transistors 1 über die Kollektor-Emitter-Strecke eines zweiten Transistors 2 mit Masse- oder Bezugspotential verbunden.The switching power supply shown in Fig. 1 0 thus has a primary clocked flyback converter with a transformer and a first transistor 1 and a diode 31 provided in the load circuit, which is polarized so that the energy stored in the blocking time of the first transistor 1 in the transformer the consumer, which in this case consists of an accumulator 61 and a DC motor 62 which can be switched to the accumulator 61 via a switch 63, is discharged. If the consumer is only a DC motor without an accumulator, a capacitor must be connected in parallel to the motor to smooth the output voltage. The flyback converter is fed via a rectifier bridge circuit and a resistor 28 from a DC or AC voltage network, the voltage of which varies between 100 and 250 volts, but in extreme cases also 1 2 volts, and the frequency of which can be almost arbitrary in the case of a feeding AC voltage network can. The rectified output voltage is applied via a series choke 8 and a transverse capacitor 9 to the input of the flyback converter or the control and regulating electronics. The rectified voltage U g is due to the series connection of the primary winding 51 of the transformer, the collector-emitter path of the first transistor 1 and the first resistor 21. The base of the first transistor 1 is both via the series circuit a resistor 26 and a capacitor 1 2 connected to the one terminal of the secondary winding 52 of the transformer and also via a resistor 25 to the positive potential of the rectified voltage U g . In addition, the base of the first transistor 1 is connected to ground or reference potential via the collector-emitter path of a second transistor 2.
Der Emitter des ersten Transistors ist über den ersten Widerstand 21 mit Masse- oder Bezugspotential verbunden. Die mit B bezeichnete Verbindung zwischen dem Emitter des ersten Transistors 1 und dem ersten Widerstand 21 liegt über die Parallelschaltung eines Kondensators 1 1 mit einem zweiten Widerstand 22 und einen in Reihe geschalteten weiteren Widerstand 23 am positiven Pol der Eingangsspannungsquelle. Der Verbindungspunkt des Widerstands 23 mit der Parallelschaltung aus Kondensator 1 1 und zweitem Widerstand 22 ist mit A bezeichnet und liegt über eine Zenerdiode 30 an der Basis des zweiten Transistors 2. Über einen Widerstand 24 ist die Basis des zweiten Transistors 2 mit Bezugspotential verbunden. Die Zenerdiode 30 erlaubt eine definiertere Festlegung der Schaltschwelle des zweiten Transistors 2. Wird die Zenerdiode 30 weggelassen, d. h. die Basis des zweiten Transistors 2 direkt mit dem Punkt A verbunden, kann auch der Widerstand 24 entfallen. Der Wert des Widerstands 21 wird dann, bei sonst gleicher Dimensionierung, entsprechend kleiner. Der Wickelsinn der Primär- und Sekundärwicklung 51 bzw. 52 des Übertragers ist durch die eingetragenen Punkte bestimmt.The emitter of the first transistor is connected to ground or reference potential via the first resistor 21. The connection denoted by B between the emitter of the first transistor 1 and the first resistor 21 is via the parallel connection of a capacitor 11 with a second resistor 22 and a further resistor 23 connected in series at the positive pole of the input voltage source. The connection point of the resistor 23 with the parallel connection of the capacitor 11 and the second resistor 22 is denoted by A and is connected to the base of the second transistor 2 via a zener diode 30. The base of the second transistor 2 is connected to reference potential via a resistor 24. The Zener diode 30 allows a more defined definition of the switching threshold of the second transistor 2. If the Zener diode 30 is omitted, i. H. the base of the second transistor 2 connected directly to the point A, the resistor 24 can also be omitted. The value of the resistor 21 is then, with otherwise the same dimensioning, correspondingly smaller. The winding direction of the primary and secondary windings 51 and 52 of the transformer is determined by the points entered.
Die Schaltung kann auch so aufgebaut werden, daß der Akkumulator zusätzlich zu dem durch die Sekundärwicklung fließenden Sekundärstrom auch noch von dem durch die Primärwicklung fließenden Primärstrom durchflössen wird. Der Akkumulator 61 ist dann zwischen den Widerstand 21 und Bezugspotential geschaltet und das eine Ende der Sekundärwicklung 52 an den Verbindungspunkt zwischen Akkumulator 61 und Widerstand 21 geführt.The circuit can also be constructed such that in addition to the secondary current flowing through the secondary winding, the secondary current flowing through the primary winding also flows through the accumulator. The accumulator 61 is then connected between the resistor 21 and reference potential and the one end of the secondary winding 52 is guided to the connection point between the accumulator 61 and the resistor 21.
Die Funktionsweise des elektronischen Schaltnetzteils ist aus der DE 36 1 8 221 C2 bekannt, und braucht daher nicht näher erläutert zu werden.The mode of operation of the electronic switching power supply is known from DE 36 1 8 221 C2 and therefore does not need to be explained in more detail.
Die bevorzugte erfindungsgemäße Stromversorgungsschaltung ist in Fig. 1 1 dargestellt. Sie unterscheidet sich von der aus der DE 36 1 8 221 C2 bekannten Schaltung lediglich durch Hinzufügen der Sensorschaltung 33" gemäß Fig. 3, d.h. dem Widerstand 23 ist ein Kondensator parallelgeschaltet. Bei einer anderen erfindungsgemäßen Stromversorgungsschaltung ist die bekannte Schaltung, die ja in Form des Ansteuer-Transistors 2 bereits eine Ansteuerschaltung enthält, durch Hinzufügen einer erfindungsgemäßen Sensorschaltung und einer weiteren Ansteuerschaltung modifiziert, die ebenfalls den ersten Transistor 1 ansteuert, d.h. im Falle eines Störimpulses die Basis des ersten Transistors unabhängig vom gerade herrschenden Betriebszustand der Stromversorungsschaltung auf ein entsprechend niedriges Potential zieht. The preferred power supply circuit according to the invention is shown in Fig. 1 1. It differs from the circuit known from DE 36 1 8 221 C2 only by adding the sensor circuit 33 "according to FIG. 3, ie a capacitor is connected in parallel to the resistor 23. In another power supply circuit according to the invention, the known circuit, which already contains a control circuit in the form of the control transistor 2, is modified by adding a sensor circuit according to the invention and a further control circuit which also controls the first transistor 1, that is to say the base in the event of an interference pulse of the first transistor regardless of the current operating state of the power supply circuit pulls to a correspondingly low potential.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1996145783 DE19645783A1 (en) | 1996-11-07 | 1996-11-07 | Power supply circuit |
| DE19645783.1 | 1996-11-07 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1998020611A1 true WO1998020611A1 (en) | 1998-05-14 |
Family
ID=7810835
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1997/006028 Ceased WO1998020611A1 (en) | 1996-11-07 | 1997-10-31 | Electric power supply circuit |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE19645783A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1998020611A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2958469B1 (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2015-01-02 | Thales Sa | PROTECTION OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT. |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3402222A1 (en) * | 1984-01-24 | 1985-07-25 | Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | Circuit arrangement for limiting overvoltages |
| WO1992003646A1 (en) * | 1990-08-18 | 1992-03-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Process and device for driving an electromagnetic consumer |
| DE3618221C1 (en) * | 1986-05-30 | 1993-02-11 | Braun Ag | Switching power supply with a great clocked DC converter |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3571608A (en) * | 1969-04-04 | 1971-03-23 | Honeywell Inc | Protective circuit |
| DE3425235C1 (en) * | 1984-07-14 | 1992-03-12 | bso Steuerungstechnik GmbH, 6603 Sulzbach | Circuit arrangement for protecting electronic circuits against overvoltage |
| DE3526177A1 (en) * | 1985-07-23 | 1987-02-05 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | R-VOLTAGE PROTECTION CIRCUIT |
-
1996
- 1996-11-07 DE DE1996145783 patent/DE19645783A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1997
- 1997-10-31 WO PCT/EP1997/006028 patent/WO1998020611A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3402222A1 (en) * | 1984-01-24 | 1985-07-25 | Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | Circuit arrangement for limiting overvoltages |
| DE3618221C1 (en) * | 1986-05-30 | 1993-02-11 | Braun Ag | Switching power supply with a great clocked DC converter |
| WO1992003646A1 (en) * | 1990-08-18 | 1992-03-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Process and device for driving an electromagnetic consumer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19645783A1 (en) | 1998-05-20 |
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