[go: up one dir, main page]

WO1998018039A1 - Afficheur d'image tridimensionnelle - Google Patents

Afficheur d'image tridimensionnelle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1998018039A1
WO1998018039A1 PCT/GB1997/002925 GB9702925W WO9818039A1 WO 1998018039 A1 WO1998018039 A1 WO 1998018039A1 GB 9702925 W GB9702925 W GB 9702925W WO 9818039 A1 WO9818039 A1 WO 9818039A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
slm
flc
images
flc slm
image
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1997/002925
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Edward George Sydney Paige
Mark Andrew Aquilla Neil
Leon Sucharov
Original Assignee
Isis Innovation Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Isis Innovation Limited filed Critical Isis Innovation Limited
Priority to AU47168/97A priority Critical patent/AU4716897A/en
Publication of WO1998018039A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998018039A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/388—Volumetric displays, i.e. systems where the image is built up from picture elements distributed through a volume
    • H04N13/395—Volumetric displays, i.e. systems where the image is built up from picture elements distributed through a volume with depth sampling, i.e. the volume being constructed from a stack or sequence of 2D image planes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/22—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type
    • G02B30/24—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type involving temporal multiplexing, e.g. using sequentially activated left and right shutters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/50—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a 3D volume, e.g. voxels
    • G02B30/52—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a 3D volume, e.g. voxels the 3D volume being constructed from a stack or sequence of 2D planes, e.g. depth sampling systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
    • G02B5/1828—Diffraction gratings having means for producing variable diffraction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • H04N13/322—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using varifocal lenses or mirrors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/332—Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD]
    • H04N13/344—Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD] with head-mounted left-right displays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/011—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising device for correcting geometrical aberrations, distortion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0132—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0132—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems
    • G02B2027/0136—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems with a single image source for both eyes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a three dimensional (3-D) image display and in particular to a 3-D image display employing a ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulator (FLC SLM).
  • the present invention further relates to the use of such a 3-D image display in a head- mounted display.
  • the present invention relates to a single FLC SLM arranged to perform as a Fresnel Zone Plate (FZP).
  • FZP Fresnel Zone Plate
  • variable focus mirror lens or FZP could be used to generate a multi-planar 3-D image.
  • a mechanical vari-focus mirror based on driving a metallized stretched membrane with a loud speaker was described by Traub in Appl. Optics 6, 1085, 1967.
  • More recently the use of a nematic liquid crystal as a programmable Fresnel Zone Plate was described by Tarn et. al. in Appl. Optics, 3_1, 578, 1992.
  • Such a system has the disadvantage though of having a switching speed which is too low to provide flicker-free multi- planar images.
  • ferroelectric liquid crystal used in a spatial light modulator can be patterned to perform as a FZP instead of a nematic liquid crystal.
  • the ferroelectric liquid crystal switches between two states producing binary modulation of, for example, phase.
  • binary modulation the FZP performs as a lens with both positive and negative focal lengths (other focal lengths are also formed but the fraction of light diffracted into these is negligibly small).
  • the present invention seeks to overcome at least some of the problems mentioned above and seeks to provide a 3-D image display which employs a FLC SLM as a variable focus FZP. Furthermore, the present invention seeks to provide a 3-D head-mounted display employing a FLC SLM as a variable focus FZP which enables the eyes to perform naturally where vergence and accommodation are performed in a coupled manner.
  • the present invention provides a three dimensional image display comprising an input object generator, a ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulator (FLC SLM), a viewing aperture, first optical means for directing an image from the input object generator to the FLC SLM, second optical means for directing a sequence of images from the FLC SLM to the viewing aperture and a control device for controlling the FLC SLM whereby the FLC SLM is adapted to perform as a Fresnel zone plate with a plurality of different focal lengths.
  • FLC SLM ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulator
  • a symmetry breaking phase filter is employed in combination with the spatial light modulator to significantly reduce the negative focal length image generated by the spatial light modulator without substantially affecting the positive focal length image.
  • the symmetry breaking phase filter may be used to significantly reduce the positive focal length image without substantially affecting the negative focal length image.
  • the spatial light modulator is arranged to incorporate the effect of a symmetry breaking phase filter.
  • the spatial light modulator may include crossed polarising filters.
  • the spatial light modulator is arranged to cycle sequentially through all of the plurality of different focal lengths at least twenty-five times per second.
  • the present invention provides a head- mounted display comprising an object generation device for generating a pair of substantially identical objects and at least one ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulator adapted to perform as a Fresnel Zone Plate with a plurality of different focal lengths and optical means for directing light from the object generation device to the ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulator and further optical means for directing light modulated by the spatial light modulator with the plurality of focal lengths to first and second viewing apertures.
  • the object generation device is in the form of a spatial light modulator which generates two substantially identical objects adjacent one another with a blank space between.
  • a single spatial light modulator arranged to perform as a variable focus Fresnel zone plate can be employed for generating pairs of images each pair at a different focal length.
  • the head mounted display may include two ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulators for separately generating pairs of objects.
  • each pixel of a SLM is separately driven to provide circularly symmetric FZP performance, apart from pixellation.
  • the present invention separately provides a single SLM which performs as a substantially circularly symmetric FZP, the SLM is patterned with the superposition of two orthogonal one dimensional FZP patterns.
  • the single SLM can function as a circularly symmetric FZP with a significant reduction in the number of bits of information necessary to drive the SLM in comparison to SLMs conventionally patterned to provide circularly symmetric (apart from pixellation) FZP performance (to be referred to as two dimensional FZP).
  • the number of bits of information required to drive the SLM is reduced from N 2 to 2N or less (where N is the number of pixels in one dimension in a square SLM).
  • N is the number of pixels in one dimension in a square SLM.
  • This reduction in the necessary number of bits affords a significant improvement in terms of not only speed of operation but also simplicity in the drive circuit design, reduction in the necessary information storage and transfer and overall cost.
  • This is an example of various schemes of pixellation and patterning which can take advantage of the reduced information requirements to drive a device required to give circularly symmetric performance.
  • the overall performance of the SLM as a FZP can be further improved by combining a fixed phase filter pattern to suppress the negative or positive focal length.
  • Figures 1a and 1b are three dimensional graphical representations of intensity distribution in the focal plane of a two dimensional FZP and a pair of orthogonal one dimensional FZPs respectively, both implemented using a ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulator;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical arrangement for producing images of an object at variable positions with respect to a viewing aperture; and Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a stereoscopic 3-D image display employing a FLC SLM for use in a head-mounted display.
  • a SLM ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulator
  • FLC SLM ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulator
  • the FLC SLM and polarizers are configured to give phase-only modulation unless otherwise stated.
  • the FLC SLM consists of a slab of ferroelectric liquid crystal defining an array of individually electronically addressable pixels sandwiched between two optically transparent electrodes. Each pixel behaves as a uniaxial crystal with an optic axis whose angular orientation may be controllably altered. Indeed the pixels can be operated as retardation plates providing two discrete states of modulation.
  • a detailed discussion of the theory of spatial light modulators employing ferroelectric liquid crystal material may be found in WO 95/15513.
  • the FLC SLM described above may be used to function as a Fresnel Zone Plate (FZP).
  • FZP Fresnel Zone Plate
  • the FLC SLM is arranged so that the phase modulation of each pixel is quantised to either 0 or QQ radians with the selected orientation of each pixel being determined in dependence on the desired focal length of the FZP.
  • the liquid crystal orientation of each of the pixels is separately determined for each focal length and the orientation may alter for different focal lengths.
  • the focal length of the FLC SLM is altered by changing the individual liquid crystal orientations of the pixels in accordance with the relevant set of pixel states. In this way the FLC SLM is capable of focusing an image at different predetermined focal lengths.
  • the FLC SLM In order to generate a three dimensional image, the FLC SLM must be capable of cycling sufficiently quickly through different focal lengths to produce an image which is flicker-free. It will of course be understood that reference to flicker-free images is intended as reference to images cycled at a faster rate than a human is capable of discriminating, in practice this requires a rate of at least 25 images per second. In order to achieve the perception of a three dimensional image the set of different focal lengths must be treated as a single image packet. Therefore, the entire packet or set of different focal lengths must be sequentially cycled through at least 25 times per second. Currently available FLC SLMs are capable of being refreshed more than 1000 times per second. This means in turn that more than forty different focal length images may be generated whilst still achieving flicker-free operation.
  • the FLC SLM patterned as a FZP has both a negative and positive focal length. Thus images are created in two planes simultaneously.
  • a symmetry breaking phase filter is employed.
  • the phase filter consists of an array of pixels each of which generates a phase shift of either 0 or QQ/2 radians.
  • the phase shift of individual pixels is fixed so that the image associated with the negative (positive) focal length is caused to be blurred and displaced to the edges of the image frame whereas the image associated with the positive (negative) focal length is left substantially unaltered.
  • the phase shift of individual pixels in the phase filter and the matching pixel states in the FLC SLM can be determined using an iterative optimisation algorithm (e.g. direct binary search) such as the procedure described by Neil and Paige in IEE Conf. Pub. 379, 85, 1993.
  • Figure 1a a graphical representation of the intensity distribution in the focal plane of a FLC SLM arranged as a two dimensional FZP and illuminated with a plane wave is shown.
  • two orthogonal one dimensional FZP patterns can be superposed.
  • the resultant performance of an adapted FLC SLM patterned in this way is shown in Figure 1 b.
  • the performance of the adapted FLC SLM is substantially the same as that of the FLC SLM of Figure 1a albeit with a small amount of aberration and a reduction of about 50% in light intensity at the focus.
  • FIG. 2 An optical arrangement for producing three dimensional images is shown in Figure 2. With this arrangement an image is focused at different positions with reference to the viewing aperture 14.
  • the arrangement consists of an object generator 10 which presents the light which is to be focused at different positions.
  • the object generator 10 may be in the form of a first SLM.
  • the objector generator 10 need not be a ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulator, other types of spatial light modulator may be employed and the SLM is preferably intensity modulated.
  • alternative optical means may be used to produce the object which will be the subject of variable focusing.
  • a variable focus SLM 12 is provided between the object generator 10 and the viewing aperture 14 with first and second lenses 16 and 18 provided between the first SLM 10 and the variable focus SLM 12 and between the variable focus SLM 12 and the first image plane of the object respectively.
  • a third lens 20 is provided to place the image generated by the foregoing system at an appropriate distance for viewing from the viewing aperture 14.
  • the first SLM 10 performs as an amplitude modulator and the variable focus SLM 12 acts as a phase modulator and is controlled by a control device (not shown) so that the SLM performs as a variable focal length FZP, as described earlier.
  • both SLM's are shown in transmission mode, by incorporation of additional optics SLM's operating in reflection mode (e.g. Silicon back-plane FLC SLM) can be utilized.
  • the variable focus SLM 12 may incorporate a symmetry breaking filter through suitable adjustment of individual pixels of the SLM or a separate symmetry breaking phase filter (not shown) may be provided adjacent to the variable focus SLM 12 which incorporates matching altered pixel states.
  • the two SLMs 10, 12 are synchronised to create a sequence of flicker-free images i 1 ( i 2 , i 3 , ...i n in depth planes d ⁇ d 2 , d 3 , ...d n .
  • i 1 i 2 , i 3 , ...i n in depth planes d ⁇ d 2 , d 3 , ...d n .
  • a colour image can be produced by employing different coloured LEDs, for example, and sequentially cycling through each of the colours as well as the different focal lengths. Suitable correction for the wavelength dependence of the FLC SLM is synchronously incorporated as necessary. Temporal dither and colour can be combined to produce a shaded colour image.
  • the optical arrangement described above may be duplicated to provide a separate viewing aperture for each eye.
  • the object generator 10 which again may be a SLM, produces two substantially identical objects O, and O 2 corresponding to left and right eye objects respectively with a central blank zone 21.
  • the light is then transmitted through a first lens 16, which is common to both images, onto the variable focus SLM 12.
  • the variable focus SLM may have a symmetry breaking phase filter and/or may be operated in reflection mode.
  • the two output images from the variable focus SLM 12 are then collimated through a second lens 18 and directed to respective viewing apertures 14 and 14' for the right and left eyes respectively, via first and second mirrors 22, 24 and third lenses 20.
  • a single SLM functioning as the variable focus Fresnel zone plate for both the left and right eye images, it will be appreciated that separate SLMs may be employed for each of the eye images. Similarly the single object generating SLM may be replaced by a pair of SLM's.
  • the binocular display system is then essentially the arrangement shown in Figure 2 duplicated to create a viewing channel for each eye.
  • the head-mounted display incorporating the FLC SLM as a variable focus FZP by customizing the SLM pattern via the software to build the correction into the FZP normally supplied by the viewer's spectacles. If the correction to each eye is different then either a display with two variable focus SLM's is required or else the left and right eye images would need to be time multiplexed. If the correction was other than for a reduction in the ability to accommodate, the symmetry of the correction would preclude the use of the previously mentioned scheme which reduced the number of bits of information required to drive the SLM.
  • the optical arrangement shown in Figure 3 can be employed in a head-mounted 3-D display.
  • each eye is presented with one of a pair of stereoscopic images which the eyes, by varying their vergence, fuse to give the appearance of an image in some depth plane in a 3-D scene.
  • the images are of course located in a fixed plane.
  • the FLC SLM as a variable focus FZP
  • the fused image can be placed in its appropriate depth plane. This has the advantage that the eyes are being called on to perform as they normally do when they normally view a 3-D scene - simultaneous adjustment of vergence and accommodation is taking place.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un afficheur d'image tridimensionnelle utilisant un modulateur (12) spatial de lumière à cristaux liquides ferroélectrique FLC SLM en tant qu'objectif à focale variable dans un système d'imagerie. On programme le FLC SLM pour qu'il agisse comme une plaque à zone de Fresnel (FZP) comprenant différentes distances focales programmables. Le FLC SLM exécute rapidement une séquence à chacune des distances focales, formant ainsi, l'une après l'autre, des images d'un objet à différentes distances focales. Tant que le séquencement est suffisamment rapide, l'oeil humain combine les images en séquence et les perçoit comme une seule image tridimensionnelle. En outre, on programme le FLC SLM pour qu'il contienne un filtre de brisure de symétrie dans son action de FZP, de façon à ce que seule la distance focale positive (ou négative) du FZP prédomine au centre de l'image. Comme aucune des étapes ne nécessite un mouvement mécanique pour assurer la création d'images à différentes distances focales, le système d'image tridimensionnelle est tout particulièrement adapté à l'utilisation dans un casque virtuel.
PCT/GB1997/002925 1996-10-23 1997-10-23 Afficheur d'image tridimensionnelle WO1998018039A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU47168/97A AU4716897A (en) 1996-10-23 1997-10-23 3-d image display

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9622083.5 1996-10-23
GBGB9622083.5A GB9622083D0 (en) 1996-10-23 1996-10-23 3-D image display

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998018039A1 true WO1998018039A1 (fr) 1998-04-30

Family

ID=10801857

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1997/002925 WO1998018039A1 (fr) 1996-10-23 1997-10-23 Afficheur d'image tridimensionnelle

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU4716897A (fr)
GB (1) GB9622083D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998018039A1 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0959377A3 (fr) * 1998-05-21 2001-02-28 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation Méthode et appareil de représentation tri-dimensionnelle
WO2001035154A1 (fr) * 1999-11-11 2001-05-17 4D-Vision Gmbh Procede et dispositif de representation tridimensionnelle
DE19954900A1 (de) * 1999-11-11 2001-06-13 4D Vision Gmbh Verfahren und Anordnung zur dreidimensionalen Darstellung
WO2004053563A1 (fr) * 2002-12-11 2004-06-24 Oleg Leonidovich Golovkov Dispositif d'affichage d'une image stereoscopique
US7177083B2 (en) 2003-02-17 2007-02-13 Carl-Zeiss-Stiftung Trading As Display device with electrooptical focussing
WO2007007242A3 (fr) * 2005-07-08 2007-03-29 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Regulation de la forme et de la direction de la lumiere
DE102006059400A1 (de) * 2006-12-12 2008-06-26 Seereal Technologies S.A. Display-Einrichtung zur Erzeugung von Rekonstruktionen dreidimensionaler Darstellungen
US9933685B2 (en) 2013-08-05 2018-04-03 The Hong Kong University Of Science And Technology Switchable liquid crystal fresnel lens
US10469837B2 (en) 2015-07-29 2019-11-05 Javid Khan Volumetric display
CN111133368A (zh) * 2017-09-27 2020-05-08 奇跃公司 具有分离的相位和幅度调制器的近眼3d显示器
CN113188474A (zh) * 2021-05-06 2021-07-30 山西大学 一种用于高反光材质复杂物体成像的图像序列采集系统及其三维形貌重建方法
CN114415276A (zh) * 2020-10-28 2022-04-29 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 曝光设备及近眼显示设备

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0573989A2 (fr) * 1992-06-11 1993-12-15 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Méthode de commande de modulateur spatial de lumière
EP0656730A1 (fr) * 1993-12-03 1995-06-07 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Système d'affichage d'image stéréoscopique
WO1995015513A1 (fr) * 1993-11-30 1995-06-08 Isis Innovation Limited Ameliorations se rapportant a des modulateurs spatiaux de lumiere
US5497254A (en) * 1990-04-05 1996-03-05 Seiko Epson Corporation Optical apparatus including a liquid crystal modulator

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5497254A (en) * 1990-04-05 1996-03-05 Seiko Epson Corporation Optical apparatus including a liquid crystal modulator
EP0573989A2 (fr) * 1992-06-11 1993-12-15 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Méthode de commande de modulateur spatial de lumière
WO1995015513A1 (fr) * 1993-11-30 1995-06-08 Isis Innovation Limited Ameliorations se rapportant a des modulateurs spatiaux de lumiere
EP0656730A1 (fr) * 1993-12-03 1995-06-07 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Système d'affichage d'image stéréoscopique

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
BAO N K ET AL: "PROGRAMMABLE OPTICAL ELEMENTS USING CRT-LCLV SPATIAL MODULATOR", SPIE PROCEEDINGS, vol. 2408, 9 February 1995 (1995-02-09), pages 108 - 112, XP002055376 *
NEIL M A A ET AL: "BREAKING OF INVERSION SYMMETRY IN 2-LEVEL,BINARY, FOURIER HOLOGRAMS", IEE CONF. PUB., no. 379, 1993, pages 85 - 90, XP002055377 *
TAM E C ET AL: "SPATIAL-LIGHT-MODULATOR-BASED ELECTRO-OPTICAL IMAGING SYSTEM", APPLIED OPTICS, vol. 31, no. 5, 10 February 1992 (1992-02-10), pages 578 - 580, XP000247290 *

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0959377A3 (fr) * 1998-05-21 2001-02-28 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation Méthode et appareil de représentation tri-dimensionnelle
US6525699B1 (en) 1998-05-21 2003-02-25 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Three-dimensional representation method and an apparatus thereof
US6940473B2 (en) 1998-05-21 2005-09-06 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Three-dimensional representation method and an apparatus thereof
US6950078B2 (en) 1998-05-21 2005-09-27 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Three-dimensional representation method and an apparatus thereof
US7002532B2 (en) 1998-05-21 2006-02-21 Nippon Telegraph & Telephone Corporation Three-dimensional representation method and an apparatus thereof
US7148859B2 (en) 1998-05-21 2006-12-12 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Three-dimensional representation method and an apparatus thereof
WO2001035154A1 (fr) * 1999-11-11 2001-05-17 4D-Vision Gmbh Procede et dispositif de representation tridimensionnelle
DE19954900A1 (de) * 1999-11-11 2001-06-13 4D Vision Gmbh Verfahren und Anordnung zur dreidimensionalen Darstellung
DE19954900C2 (de) * 1999-11-11 2003-01-09 4D Vision Gmbh Verfahren und Anordnung zur dreidimensionalen Darstellung
WO2004053563A1 (fr) * 2002-12-11 2004-06-24 Oleg Leonidovich Golovkov Dispositif d'affichage d'une image stereoscopique
US7177083B2 (en) 2003-02-17 2007-02-13 Carl-Zeiss-Stiftung Trading As Display device with electrooptical focussing
WO2007007242A3 (fr) * 2005-07-08 2007-03-29 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Regulation de la forme et de la direction de la lumiere
DE102006059400A1 (de) * 2006-12-12 2008-06-26 Seereal Technologies S.A. Display-Einrichtung zur Erzeugung von Rekonstruktionen dreidimensionaler Darstellungen
DE102006059400B4 (de) 2006-12-12 2019-12-24 Seereal Technologies S.A. Display-Einrichtung zur Erzeugung von Rekonstruktionen dreidimensionaler Darstellungen
US9933685B2 (en) 2013-08-05 2018-04-03 The Hong Kong University Of Science And Technology Switchable liquid crystal fresnel lens
US10469837B2 (en) 2015-07-29 2019-11-05 Javid Khan Volumetric display
US12061338B2 (en) 2017-09-27 2024-08-13 Magic Leap, Inc. Near eye 3D display with separate phase and amplitude modulators
CN111133368A (zh) * 2017-09-27 2020-05-08 奇跃公司 具有分离的相位和幅度调制器的近眼3d显示器
JP2020535457A (ja) * 2017-09-27 2020-12-03 マジック リープ， インコーポレイテッドＭａｇｉｃ Ｌｅａｐ，Ｉｎｃ． 別個の位相および振幅変調器を伴う接眼３ｄディスプレイ
CN119535794A (zh) * 2017-09-27 2025-02-28 奇跃公司 具有分离的相位和幅度调制器的近眼3d显示器
CN111133368B (zh) * 2017-09-27 2024-12-13 奇跃公司 具有分离的相位和幅度调制器的近眼3d显示器
US11803054B2 (en) 2017-09-27 2023-10-31 Magic Leap, Inc. Near eye 3D display with separate phase and amplitude modulators
CN114415276A (zh) * 2020-10-28 2022-04-29 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 曝光设备及近眼显示设备
CN114415276B (zh) * 2020-10-28 2023-11-17 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 曝光设备及近眼显示设备
CN113188474B (zh) * 2021-05-06 2022-09-23 山西大学 一种用于高反光材质复杂物体成像的图像序列采集系统及其三维形貌重建方法
CN113188474A (zh) * 2021-05-06 2021-07-30 山西大学 一种用于高反光材质复杂物体成像的图像序列采集系统及其三维形貌重建方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9622083D0 (en) 1996-12-18
AU4716897A (en) 1998-05-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0721132B1 (fr) Dispositif d'affichage autostéréoscopique
JP5179598B2 (ja) 切換え可能な反射性部材を有する透明コンポーネントおよびこうしたコンポーネントを含むデバイス
US7053865B2 (en) 3-D display device
US4978202A (en) Laser scanning system for displaying a three-dimensional color image
CN113574443A (zh) 具有固定焦距透镜的变焦显示器
EP0959377B1 (fr) Méthode et appareil de représentation tri-dimensionnelle
JP3415397B2 (ja) 光学装置および指向性表示装置
JP5603042B2 (ja) 立体画像表示装置
US20060033992A1 (en) Advanced integrated scanning focal immersive visual display
US8179426B2 (en) Pixel arrangement for an autostereoscopic display apparatus
US20030197933A1 (en) Image input apparatus and image display apparatus
GB2296152A (en) An autostereoscopic display
WO2000023830A1 (fr) Affichage autostereoscopique utilisant des hologrammes commutables electriquement
EP0886802A1 (fr) Procede et appareil pour visualiser une image
WO1998018039A1 (fr) Afficheur d'image tridimensionnelle
GB2296151A (en) Autosteroscopic display device
JP2005065055A (ja) 投射型表示装置及び投射型表示方法
CA2300047A1 (fr) Afficheur d'images en trois dimensions
EP2146237A1 (fr) Système optique stéréoscopique doté d'un seul projecteur avec des valves ultra légères dans le chemin lumineux
JP3960085B2 (ja) 立体画像表示装置
KR940006154B1 (ko) 칼라입체영상표시용 레이저 스캐닝시스템
JP2001119725A (ja) 三次元表示方法
JP2838163B2 (ja) 動的三次元画像の表示方法
JPH08172648A (ja) ３次元ディスプレイ装置
WO2000030066A1 (fr) Systeme d'affichage holographique

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ DE DK EE ES FI GB GE GH HU ID IL IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT UA UG US UZ VN YU ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): GH KE LS MW SD SZ UG ZW AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8642

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: CA

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase