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WO1998009099A1 - Joint d'etancheite - Google Patents

Joint d'etancheite Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1998009099A1
WO1998009099A1 PCT/GB1997/002150 GB9702150W WO9809099A1 WO 1998009099 A1 WO1998009099 A1 WO 1998009099A1 GB 9702150 W GB9702150 W GB 9702150W WO 9809099 A1 WO9809099 A1 WO 9809099A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gasket
pair
arms
opposing portions
stiffness
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB1997/002150
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John Robert Hoyes
Alan William Atkinson
Julia Rosalind Mary Hood
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Flexitallic Ltd
Original Assignee
Flexitallic Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Flexitallic Ltd filed Critical Flexitallic Ltd
Priority to AU38579/97A priority Critical patent/AU3857997A/en
Publication of WO1998009099A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998009099A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L23/00—Flanged joints
    • F16L23/16—Flanged joints characterised by the sealing means
    • F16L23/18—Flanged joints characterised by the sealing means the sealing means being rings
    • F16L23/20—Flanged joints characterised by the sealing means the sealing means being rings made exclusively of metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
    • F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
    • F16J15/08—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
    • F16J15/0887—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing the sealing effect being obtained by elastic deformation of the packing

Definitions

  • This invention is concerned with gaskets adapted when clamped between two bodies to seal the gap between the bodies around a chamber or passage jointly defined by the bodies.
  • a gasket may be used, for example, for sealing the gap between flanges at the ends of pipes.
  • Gaskets require to be resilient in order to achieve a seal.
  • the resilience is achieved by using inherently resilient material such as rubber or cork and, in other gaskets, the resilience is achieved by utilising springy metal which resists being bent out of its initial shape.
  • This invention is concerned with the latter type of gasket which comprises a sealing member which forms a closed loop extending around a hole which corresponds to the chamber or passage.
  • Such gaskets are often in the shape of an annular ring but may have other shapes. Accordingly, the term "ring" is used herein to include a continuous band surrounding a hole of any shape.
  • Known gaskets made of springy metal have sealing members which have generally C or V-shaped transverse cross-sections (see US 4,877,272 for a V-shaped cross- section) .
  • the cross-section comprises two arms which project either inwardly or outwardly of the hole, the arms being adapted to each resiliently engage one of the bodies to form a seal around said hole. Since different degrees of stiffness are necessary to achieve sealing at different clamping pressures, this type of gasket can be produced with varying levels of stiffness by varying the thickness of the metal, and/or the length of the arms. However, an individual gasket of this type is only suitable for a limited range of uses.
  • One aspect of the present invention provides a gasket adapted when clamped between two bodies to seal the gap between the bodies around a chamber or passage jointly defined by the bodies, wherein the gasket forms a ring extending around a hole which corresponds to the chamber or passage, wherein the gasket is made of springy metal, the gasket including first and second pairs of opposing portions, each pair of opposing portions being adapted to resiliently engage one of the bodies to form a seal therewith around the hole, the first pair of opposing portions being located further inwardly towards the hole than the second pair of opposing portions and wherein the first pair of opposing portions have a different level of stiffness to the second pair, the opposing portions with the lower level of stiffness being more widely spaced from one another than the ones with the higher level of stiffness .
  • the cross-sectional area of metal of the first and second pairs of opposing portions may be the same.
  • the cross-section of metal of the gasket may be constant along the complete extent of metal .
  • the opposing portions of each pair may be arranged to flex relative to each other about a location spaced from those opposing portions in a direction towards or away from the hole.
  • the distance of the pair of opposing portions having the lower level of stiffness from the location about which they flex may be greater than the corresponding distance of the pair of opposing portions having the higher level of stiffness.
  • the location about which the first pair and the second pair of opposing portions flex may be the same location for each pair of opposing portions.
  • One portion for each of the first and second pair of opposed portions may be comprised by a first piece of metal.
  • the other portions from each of the first and second pair of opposing portions may be comprised by a second piece of metal .
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a gasket adapted when clamped between two bodies to seal the gap between the bodies around a chamber or passage jointly defined by the bodies, wherein the gasket forms a ring extending around a hole which corresponds to the chamber or passage, wherein the gasket is made of springy metal and has a transverse cross-section which is generally in the shape of an X, the cross-section having two arms which project inwardly of the hole through the gasket, and two arms which project outwardly of said hole, each of the arms being adapted to resiliently engage one of the bodies to form a seal therewith around the hole, and wherein the inwardly projecting arms have a different level of stiffness to the outwardly projecting arms, the arms with the lower level of stiffness being more widely spaced from one another than the arms with the higher level of stiffness.
  • a gasket according to the invention has two alternative levels of stiffness, one being provided by the inwardly projecting arms and the other by the outwardly projecting arms.
  • the gasket can be utilised for a low internal pressure application involving a low clamping force when only the arms with the lower level of stiffness will be engaged by the bodies.
  • the gasket can also be utilised for a high internal pressure application involving a high clamping force when the arms with the lower level of stiffness will be deformed until the arms with the higher level of stiffness will be engaged.
  • the difference in stiffness is, preferably, a least a factor of 2, and may be up to a factor of 4 or even 10.
  • the difference of the level of stiffness may be achieved by the inwardly projecting arms having a different length to the outwardly projecting arms.
  • the inwardly projecting arms may have a different thickness or be made from a different material.
  • the arms may be bow-shaped to present convex surfaces to the bodies so that the line of engagement of each arm with one of the bodies is spaced from a free end of the arm.
  • the arms may engage the bodies with their free ends.
  • the gasket may comprise two pieces of metal, one of the pieces overlying the other, each piece forming one of said inwardly projecting arms and one of said outwardly projecting arms, the two pieces being secured together by a sealing joint, eg a continuous weld, which prevents the passage of fluid between the pieces.
  • the gasket may be formed by machining a ring to the required cross-section or by a combination of machining and deformation. Another possibility is to extrude a length of metal of the required cross-section, bend it into a ring, and weld its ends together.
  • Thin layers eg 10 to 500 microns in thickness, of deformable material, eg expanded graphite, PTFE, or soft metal, may be adhered to the arms at least in the areas where they engage the bodies.
  • the deformable material improves the seal by filling small cracks or fissures.
  • Compression limiting stops may be mounted or formed on the gasket in a central region thereof between the inward and outwardly projecting arms. Such a stop prevents the gasket from being crushed by an excessive clamping force.
  • the drawing is a transverse cross-sectional view taken through one side of the illustrative gasket.
  • the illustrative gasket 10 is adapted when clamped between two bodies (not shown) to seal the gap between the bodies around a chamber or passage defined by the bodies.
  • the bodies may be flanges at the end of pipes.
  • the gasket 10 forms a ring extending around a hole which corresponds to the chamber or passage.
  • the gasket 10 is made of springy metal, specifically sheet steel, and has a transverse cross-section which is generally in the shape of an X, the X being asymmetrical as will appear from the description below.
  • the cross- section has two arms 12 and 14 which project inwardly of the hole through the gasket and two arms 16 and 18 which project outwardly of said hole.
  • Each of the arms 12, 14, 16 and 18 is adapted to resiliently engage one of the bodies to form a seal therewith around the hole.
  • the arms 12 and 14 are spaced from one another and, when engaged with said bodies, bend towards one another with the springiness of the metal causing a sealing force between the arm and the body.
  • the arms 12 and 14 bow away from one another to present convex surfaces to the bodies.
  • the arms 16 and 18 have a similar form to the arms 12 and 14 but are much shorter and hence are not separated by such a great distance as the arms 12 and 14.
  • the inwardly projecting arms 12 and 14 have a greater length than the outwardly projecting arms 16 and 18 they have a different level of stiffness thereto, the level being lower for the arms 12 and 14. Accordingly, it takes a greater clamping force to deflect the arms 16 and 18 than is required to deflect the arms 12 and 14.
  • the arms 12 and 14 with the lower level of stiffness are more widely spaced from one another than the arms 16 and 18 because of their greater length.
  • the gasket 10 comprises two pieces of sheet steel 22 and 24, one of the pieces overlying the other. Each piece 22 and 24 forms one of the inwardly projecting arms 12 or 14 and one of the inwardly projecting arms 16 or 18. Each piece 22 and 24 can be stamped out as an annulus or can be formed from strip which is bent into an annulus and its ends joined by a weld. The pieces 22 and 24 are embossed to form the bow-shapes of the arms 12 and 16 or 14 and 18 respectively. The pieces 22 and 24 are then placed in overlying relationship and joined together by a sealing joint 26 in the form of a continuous weld. The joint 26 has to prevent leakage between the pieces 22 and 24.
  • the gasket 10 also comprises layers 28 of deformable material, specifically expanded graphite, which are secured, by adhesive, to the convex surfaces of the arms 12, 14, 16 and 18.
  • the layers 28 are intended to improve sealing by filling small cracks or fissures in the bodies or the arms .
  • the arms 12 and 14 engage the bodies and form a seal therewith. Engagement of the arms 12 and 14 with the bodies occurs before the arms 16 and 18 come into engagement because the arms 12 and 14 are more widely spaced than the arms 16 and 18.
  • the arms 12 and 14 make the seal.
  • the clamping force is increased. This causes the arms 12 and 14 to deflect further and further until the arms 16 and 18 come into engagement with the bodies. Further increase in the clamping force causes the arms 16 and 18 to apply pressure to the bodies and form a seal therewith.
  • the gasket 10 can be utilised both in circumstances where only a low clamping force is specified, with the seal being achieved by the arms 12 and 14, and also in circumstances where a high clamping force is specified, with the seal being achieved by the arm 16 and 18.
  • the gasket 10 also has the advantage that it will provide a seal in circumstances where a low clamping force was specified but a high clamping force is actually applied, since the sealing function can be taken over from the arms 12 and 14 by the arms 16 and 18.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un joint d'étanchéité (10) composé d'un métal résilient. Ce joint présente une section transversale qui a généralement la forme d'un X. Cette section comporte deux bras (12 et 14) qui se projettent vers l'intérieur du trou, à travers le joint, et deux bras (16 et 18) qui se projettent vers l'extérieur de ce trou. Chacun des bras est adapté pour se mettre en prise de manière élastique avec un corps pour former une étanchéité avec ce dernier autour du trou. Les bras se projetant vers l'intérieur (12 et 14) présentent un niveau de rigidité différent par rapport aux bras se projetant vers l'extérieur (16 et 18). Les bras dont le niveau de rigidité est inférieur sont plus largement espacés l'uns de l'autre que les bras présentant un niveau de rigidité supérieur.
PCT/GB1997/002150 1996-08-29 1997-08-11 Joint d'etancheite Ceased WO1998009099A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU38579/97A AU3857997A (en) 1996-08-29 1997-08-11 Sealing gasket

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9618054A GB2316719A (en) 1996-08-29 1996-08-29 Sealing gasket
GB9618054.2 1996-08-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998009099A1 true WO1998009099A1 (fr) 1998-03-05

Family

ID=10799118

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1997/002150 Ceased WO1998009099A1 (fr) 1996-08-29 1997-08-11 Joint d'etancheite

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU3857997A (fr)
GB (1) GB2316719A (fr)
WO (1) WO1998009099A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2401658B (en) * 2003-05-16 2006-07-26 Rolls Royce Plc Sealing arrangement
CN112283349A (zh) * 2020-10-12 2021-01-29 南昌航空大学 一种双向w型金属薄壁封严环

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3520544A (en) * 1968-11-06 1970-07-14 Pressure Science Inc Y-ring seal
FR2031924A5 (fr) * 1969-02-13 1970-11-20 Commissariat Energie Atomique
US3575432A (en) * 1969-10-08 1971-04-20 Pressure Science Inc Sealing ring
WO1989012189A1 (fr) * 1988-06-01 1989-12-14 Specialist Sealing Limited Ameliorations relatives a des anneaux d'etancheite metalliques et leur fabrication
DE3934755A1 (de) * 1989-10-18 1991-04-25 Reinz Dichtungs Gmbh Metallischer hohlprofil-dichtring, insbesondere fuer kraftfahrzeug-motoren

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3047301A (en) * 1960-02-12 1962-07-31 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Static sealing assembly
DE2546628A1 (de) * 1975-10-15 1977-04-28 Euratom Dichtungssystem fuer hochdruck und vakuum

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3520544A (en) * 1968-11-06 1970-07-14 Pressure Science Inc Y-ring seal
FR2031924A5 (fr) * 1969-02-13 1970-11-20 Commissariat Energie Atomique
US3575432A (en) * 1969-10-08 1971-04-20 Pressure Science Inc Sealing ring
WO1989012189A1 (fr) * 1988-06-01 1989-12-14 Specialist Sealing Limited Ameliorations relatives a des anneaux d'etancheite metalliques et leur fabrication
DE3934755A1 (de) * 1989-10-18 1991-04-25 Reinz Dichtungs Gmbh Metallischer hohlprofil-dichtring, insbesondere fuer kraftfahrzeug-motoren

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2316719A (en) 1998-03-04
GB9618054D0 (en) 1996-10-09
AU3857997A (en) 1998-03-19

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