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WO1998004352A1 - Apparatus for continuously separating heavier-than-water bulk materials and bulk materials having a density lower than or adjacent to that of water - Google Patents

Apparatus for continuously separating heavier-than-water bulk materials and bulk materials having a density lower than or adjacent to that of water Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998004352A1
WO1998004352A1 PCT/FR1997/001351 FR9701351W WO9804352A1 WO 1998004352 A1 WO1998004352 A1 WO 1998004352A1 FR 9701351 W FR9701351 W FR 9701351W WO 9804352 A1 WO9804352 A1 WO 9804352A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
conveyor
materials
tank
installation according
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/FR1997/001351
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French (fr)
Inventor
Georges Riberry
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AU37751/97A priority Critical patent/AU3775197A/en
Publication of WO1998004352A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998004352A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B11/00—Feed or discharge devices integral with washing or wet-separating equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
    • B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
    • B03B5/36—Devices therefor, other than using centrifugal force
    • B03B5/40—Devices therefor, other than using centrifugal force of trough type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/48—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by mechanical classifiers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an installation for continuously separating from one another bulk materials heavier than water, such as gravel or minerals, and bulk materials of density lower than that of water or close to the latter, such as plants.
  • such installations include means forming a tank adapted to be filled with water, pouring means for pouring into the tank the mixture of materials, means for extracting from said tank materials heavier than water. , and means for evacuating bulk materials of density lower than that of water or close to it to the surface of water.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks of known separation installations, and to propose a separation installation with a simple, robust and reliable structure, which is capable of separating materials heavier than water with great efficiency, bulk materials with a density lower than or close to that of water.
  • the installation of the aforementioned type is characterized in that it comprises endless conveyor means arranged in the tank under the discharge means, means for injecting pressurized air under the conveyor means at least perpendicular to the discharge means, the conveyor means being designed in such a way that their surface adapted to receive the materials lets air pass under pressure while being adapted to retain the materials heavier than water and to allow them transport.
  • the pressurized air causes vigorous agitation of the bulk materials which destroys any accumulations of materials on the transport means.
  • bulk materials with a density lower than that of water or close to it ' that may have been trapped in these piles are released and vigorously carried by the pressurized air towards the surface of the water.
  • materials heavier than water, such as gravel or minerals are moves without being able to be entrained by pressurized air.
  • the conveyor means comprise a conveyor belt with skeleton.
  • the pressurized air can thus pass through the openings of the skeleton strip and acts effectively to move the materials present on this strip.
  • the container comprises a peripheral edge section forming an overflow threshold.
  • the installation comprises spray nozzles arranged so as to direct jets of pressurized water directed towards said overflow threshold towards the surface of the water.
  • pressurized water jets facilitate the evacuation of bulk materials with a density lower than that of water or close to it.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic elevation view of an embodiment of the installation according to the present invention
  • - Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 of another embodiment of the invention.
  • the installation 1 for continuously separating from each other bulk materials heavier than water, such as gravel, ores or minerals, and bulk materials from density lower than that of water or close to it, such as plants comprises tank forming means 2 adapted to be filled with water 3, pouring means 4 for pouring into the tank 2 the mixture of materials , means 5 for extracting from said tank materials heavier than water, and means 6 for discharging bulk materials of lower density than that of water or close to it at the surface of the water.
  • the installation 1 comprises an endless conveyor 5 disposed in the tank 2 under the discharge means 4, means 7 for injecting pressurized air under the conveyor 5 at least directly below the means spill 4.
  • the conveyor 5 is designed in such a way that its surface 8 adapted to receive the materials lets air pass under pressure while being adapted to retain the materials heavier than water and to allow their transport.
  • the discharge means 4 are shown diagrammatically by the arrow 4 and a structure 9 which can be constituted by any known means such as one or more discharge chutes, a conveyor, etc.
  • the tank 2 is a conventional tank, for example made of sheet metal, in this example having an inclined bottom 10 which allows easy recovery of the materials fallen onto this bottom 10 by the drain and cleaning opening 11 made at the bottom point of the bottom 10 .
  • the conveyor means 5 comprise, in the example shown, a belt conveyor equipped with a skeleton band 12 which is for example a flexible fabric, in particular a woven wire fabric.
  • the skeleton strip 12 thus lets through its openings the a ⁇ r_ under pressure which can move the materials present on the strip 12.
  • Cleats 13 are fixed on the strip 12 in the transverse direction of said strip 12, so as to considerably increase the possible flow rate of this strip.
  • the belt conveyor 5 is inclined relative to the horizontal, so as to extract the materials from the tank and from the water as they pour into the tank 2.
  • This inclination shown schematically by the angle ⁇ in the figure, is preferably adjustable according to the nature of the materials to be extracted, for example from 20 to 30 °.
  • the strip 12 is driven in the direction of arrow 14 by a motor drum 15 located at the head of the conveyor.
  • the return drum 16 located at the rear and lower part of the conveyor 5 has its submerged bearings. These bearings can be in known manner, protected from the introduction of fine materials by blowing pressurized air.
  • the tank 2 has on its peripheral edge 17 a rear section 18 located below the edge 17 and forming an overflow threshold.
  • the installation comprises, above the tank 2, nozzles 19 for spraying water arranged so as to direct pressure water tanks directed towards said overflow threshold 18 towards the surface of the water.
  • These nozzles are example of carp tails for directing flat water jets oriented towards the threshold 18, that is to say towards the rear of the installation located on the left in FIG. 1.
  • the installation comprises, if the jets of pressurized water coming from the nozzles 19 are insufficient, a conveyor means 20 with pallets 21 arranged above the tank 2 so that the pallets 21 push the plants and other floating materials or put in suspension towards the overflow threshold 18 so as to be discharged out of the tank with the overflow water, as shown in the arrow 22.
  • the pallet conveyor is a rotary drum 20 installed in the vicinity of the overflow threshold 18, slightly upstream and above it and rotating clockwise (arrow 24) in the figure to push the plants towards the threshold 18.
  • the means 7 for injecting pressurized air under the conveyor belt 12 directly above the discharge means 4 and on either side thereof, both in the longitudinal direction 14 of the conveyor belt 12, that in the transverse direction of the latter, are constituted for example by a network of small pipes 23 pierced with holes for injecting pressurized air into the water.
  • the pressurized air injected through several orifices is dispersed by the passage through the wire mesh 12 over the entire width of the latter.
  • the installation comprises means (not shown), such as valves, for varying the flow of pressurized air and the flow of pressurized water forming the water flows leaving the nozzles 19
  • the air pressure can be relatively low.
  • the installation according to the present invention is therefore suitable for separating from each other materials heavier than water, such as gravel, ores, minerals, stones, etc., and materials of density close to that of water or less than it, such as plants, wood, leaves, or of density greater than that of water or close to it, and suspended in water by the action pressurized air, and entrained by air and water, paper, plastics, etc., fine materials, clays, silts and even sands s the pressure air flow is large enough to cause these various materials towards the surface of the water contained in the tank.
  • materials heavier than water such as gravel, ores, minerals, stones, etc.
  • the transporter discharges heavier materials than water at one front end of the tank, while the overflow threshold for discharging the water and the materials it entails is located at or near the opposite rear end of the tank.
  • the expression "materials with a density close to or less than that of water” covers all materials likely to be entrained towards the surface of water by compressed air and d '' be dragged by the water towards the spill threshold and out of the tank.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiment which has just been described, and it is possible to make numerous changes and modifications to it without departing from the scope of the invention. It is thus possible to replace the metallic fabric 8 by a woven fabric or a strip pierced with holes, made of plastic material, or by an articulated strip formed by sections of panels pierced with holes and articulated each to the preceding section and to the following section.
  • the belt conveyor 5 has been replaced by a conveyor 25 with two movable chains 26 and with a fixed bottom 27, the chains 26 driving transverse battens 28 capable of carrying heavier materials than the water on the fixed bottom 27 of this conveyor 25 and extracting them from the tank 2.
  • the fixed bottom 27 then consists of at least one sheet metal pierced with holes for the passage of air, or a woven fabric .
  • At each end of the conveyor are provided two drive pulleys 29 or return pulleys 30 of the corresponding chain 26.
  • the discharge means 4 are constituted by at least one chute 31 inclined relative to the horizontal and discharging the materials to be separated in a direction substantially opposite to the direction 14 of extraction and lifting of the heavy materials.
  • a fan 32 is placed near the downstream (upper) part of the conveyor 25, therefore near the drive pulleys 29. This fan 32 is suitable for blowing air on the heavy materials present on the conveyor 25 , as shown by arrow 33, with a view to drying these heavy materials before they are spilled and disposed of.
  • the carrier may also be replaced by any other suitable known means.
  • the width of the tank and that of the strip 12 or of the conveyor 25 are determined as a function of the flow rate of the materials to be separated.

Landscapes

  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)

Abstract

An apparatus comprising endless conveying means (5) arranged in a vessel (2) beneath inlet means (4, 9), and means (7, 23) for injecting pressurised air under the conveying means (5) at least in the area directly beneath the inlet means (4, 9). The conveying means (5) are designed in such a way that the material-supporting surface (8) thereof lets the pressurised air through while retaining and thus conveying the heavier-than-water materials.

Description

INSTALLATION POUR SEPARER EN CONTINU DES MATERIAUX EN VRAC PLUS LOURDS QUE L'EAU ET DES MATERIAUX EN VRAC DE DENSITE INFERIEURE A CELLE DE L'EAU OU VOISINE DE CELLE-CI INSTALLATION FOR CONTINUOUSLY SEPARATING BULK MATERIALS LARGER THAN WATER AND BULK MATERIALS WITH LESS DENSITY THAN WATER OR NEIGHBORHOOD THEREOF

La présente invention concerne une installation pour séparer en continu les uns des autres des matériaux en vrac plus lourds que l'eau, tels que des graviers ou des minéraux, et des matériaux en vrac de densité inférieure à celle de l'eau ou voisine de celle-ci, tels que des végétaux.The present invention relates to an installation for continuously separating from one another bulk materials heavier than water, such as gravel or minerals, and bulk materials of density lower than that of water or close to the latter, such as plants.

On connaît des installations du type précité dans lesquelles, d'une manière générale, le mélange des matériaux est déversé dans l'eau pour séparer les matériaux plus lourds que l'eau des matériaux en vrac de densité inférieure à celle de l'eau ou voisine de celle-Installations of the aforementioned type are known in which, in general, the mixture of materials is poured into water to separate the materials heavier than water from the bulk materials of density lower than that of water or next to it

D'une manière générale, de telles installations comportent des moyens formant bac adaptés à être remplis d'eau, des moyens de déversement pour déverser dans le bac le mélange de matériaux, des moyens pour extraire dudit bac les matériaux plus lourds que l'eau, et des moyens pour évacuer a la surface de l'eau les matériaux en vrac de densité inférieure à celle de l'eau ou voisine de celle-ci.In general, such installations include means forming a tank adapted to be filled with water, pouring means for pouring into the tank the mixture of materials, means for extracting from said tank materials heavier than water. , and means for evacuating bulk materials of density lower than that of water or close to it to the surface of water.

Les installations de ce type fonctionnant en continu présentent l'inconvénient suivant : il arrive fréquemment que des végétaux, tels que des branches, des débris de souches, des racines, etc.. soient enfouis sous des graviers ou des minéraux lors du déversement des matériaux en vrac dans l'eau, et sont entraînes avec ces graviers sans pouvoir remonter à la surface de l'eau. Ceci est fréquent notamment pour les pièces de bois ayant séjourné dans l'eau, qui sont imbibées d'eau et ont donc une masse spécifique voisine de celle de l'eau, ou qui ont pu commencer à se minéraliser.Installations of this type operating continuously have the following drawback: it frequently happens that plants, such as branches, stump debris, roots, etc. are buried under gravel or minerals during the dumping of materials loose in the water, and are entrained with these gravels without being able to rise to the surface of the water. This is common especially for pieces of wood that have stayed in the water, which are soaked with water and therefore have a specific mass close to that of water, or which may have started to mineralize.

On peut ainsi retrouver des morceaux de bois dans le gravier au niveau de l'utilisation finale de ces graviers, par exemple dans la fabrication de béton. La présence de tels morceaux de bois constitue un inconvénient majeur.We can thus find pieces of wood in the gravel at the end use of these gravels, for example in the manufacture of concrete. The presence of such pieces of wood is a major drawback.

La présente invention a pour but de remédier aux inconvénients des installations de séparation connues, et de proposer une installation de séparation de structure simple, robuste et fiable, qui soit capable de séparer avec une très grande efficacité les matériaux plus lourds que l'eau, des matériaux en vrac de densité inférieure à celle de l'eau ou voisine de celle-ci. Suivant l'invention, l'installation du type précité est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des moyens transporteurs sans fin disposés dans le bac sous les moyens de déversement, des moyens pour injecter de l'air sous pression sous les moyens transporteurs au moins à l'aplomb des moyens de déversement, les moyens transporteurs étant conçus de manière telle que leur surface adaptée à recevoir les matériaux laisse passer l'air sous pression tout en étant adaptée à retenir les matériaux plus lourds que l'eau et à permettre leur transport .The object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks of known separation installations, and to propose a separation installation with a simple, robust and reliable structure, which is capable of separating materials heavier than water with great efficiency, bulk materials with a density lower than or close to that of water. According to the invention, the installation of the aforementioned type is characterized in that it comprises endless conveyor means arranged in the tank under the discharge means, means for injecting pressurized air under the conveyor means at least perpendicular to the discharge means, the conveyor means being designed in such a way that their surface adapted to receive the materials lets air pass under pressure while being adapted to retain the materials heavier than water and to allow them transport.

Du fait de la poussée d'Archimède, qui diminue la densité relative des matériaux, l'air sous pression provoque une agitation vigoureuse des matériaux en vrac qui détruit les amoncellements éventuels de matériaux sur les moyens transporteurs. De ce fait, des matériaux en vrac de densité inférieure à celle de l'eau ou voisine de celle-ci 'ayant pu être emprisonnés dans ces amoncellements se trouvent libérés et entraînes vigoureusement par l'air sous pression vers la surface de l'eau. Au contraire, les matériaux plus lourds que l'eau, tels que des graviers ou des minéraux, sont déplaces sans pouvoir être entraînés par l'air sous pression .Due to the Archimedes' push, which decreases the relative density of the materials, the pressurized air causes vigorous agitation of the bulk materials which destroys any accumulations of materials on the transport means. As a result, bulk materials with a density lower than that of water or close to it ' that may have been trapped in these piles are released and vigorously carried by the pressurized air towards the surface of the water. . On the contrary, materials heavier than water, such as gravel or minerals, are moves without being able to be entrained by pressurized air.

On obtient ainsi une séparation extrêmement efficace et complète entre matériaux plus lourds que l'eau et matériaux en vrac de densité inférieure a celle de l'eau ou voisine de celle-ci.An extremely effective and complete separation is thus obtained between materials heavier than water and bulk materials of density lower than that of water or close to it.

Suivant une version intéressante de l'invention, les moyens transporteurs comportent un transporteur a bande à claire-voie. L'air sous pression peut ainsi passer a travers les ouvertures de la bande à claire-voie et agit efficacement pour déplacer les matériaux présents sur cette bande.According to an interesting version of the invention, the conveyor means comprise a conveyor belt with skeleton. The pressurized air can thus pass through the openings of the skeleton strip and acts effectively to move the materials present on this strip.

Suivant une version avantageuse de l'invention, le bac comporte un tronçon de bord périphérique formant seuil de débordement.According to an advantageous version of the invention, the container comprises a peripheral edge section forming an overflow threshold.

Les matériaux en vrac de densité inférieure a celle de l'eau ou voisine de celle-ci sont ainsi entraînés hors du bac par l'eau s 'écoulant par ce seuil de débordement .Bulk materials with a density lower than that of water or close to it are thus entrained out of the tank by the water flowing through this overflow threshold.

Suivant une version préférée de l'invention, l'installation comporte des buses de projection agencées de manière a diriger vers la surface de l'eau des jets d'eau sous pression orientés en direction dudit seuil de débordement .According to a preferred version of the invention, the installation comprises spray nozzles arranged so as to direct jets of pressurized water directed towards said overflow threshold towards the surface of the water.

Ces jets d'eau sous pression facilitent l'évacuation des matériaux en vrac de densité inférieure a celle de l'eau ou voisine de celle-ci.These pressurized water jets facilitate the evacuation of bulk materials with a density lower than that of water or close to it.

D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront dans la description détaillée ci-après .Other features and advantages of the invention will appear in the detailed description below.

Aux dessins annexés donnés uniquement a titre d'exemples non limitatifs : la figure 1 est une vue schématique en élévation d'un mode de réalisation de l'installation selon la présente invention ; - la figure 2 est une vue semblable à la figure 1 d'un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention.In the appended drawings given solely by way of nonlimiting examples: FIG. 1 is a schematic elevation view of an embodiment of the installation according to the present invention; - Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 of another embodiment of the invention.

Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 1, l'installation 1 pour séparer en continu les uns des autres des matériaux en vrac plus lourds que l'eau, tels que des graviers, des minerais ou des minéraux, et des matériaux en vrac de densité inférieure à celle de l'eau ou voisine de celle-ci, tels que des végétaux, comporte des moyens formant bac 2 adaptés à être remplis d'eau 3, des moyens de déversement 4 pour déverser dans le bac 2 le mélange de matériaux, des moyens 5 pour extraire dudit bac les matériaux plus lourds que l'eau, et des moyens 6 pour évacuer à la surface de l'eau les matériaux en vrac de densité inférieure à celle de l'eau ou voisine de celle-ci.In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the installation 1 for continuously separating from each other bulk materials heavier than water, such as gravel, ores or minerals, and bulk materials from density lower than that of water or close to it, such as plants, comprises tank forming means 2 adapted to be filled with water 3, pouring means 4 for pouring into the tank 2 the mixture of materials , means 5 for extracting from said tank materials heavier than water, and means 6 for discharging bulk materials of lower density than that of water or close to it at the surface of the water.

Suivant l'invention, l'installation 1 comporte un transporteur sans fin 5 disposé dans le bac 2 sous les moyens de déversement 4, des moyens 7 pour injecter de l'air sous pression sous le transporteur 5 au moins à l'aplomb des moyens de déversement 4.According to the invention, the installation 1 comprises an endless conveyor 5 disposed in the tank 2 under the discharge means 4, means 7 for injecting pressurized air under the conveyor 5 at least directly below the means spill 4.

Le transporteur 5 est conçu de manière telle que sa surface 8 adaptée à recevoir les matériaux laisse passer l'air sous pression tout en étant adaptée a retenir les matériaux plus lourds que l'eau et a permettre leur transport.The conveyor 5 is designed in such a way that its surface 8 adapted to receive the materials lets air pass under pressure while being adapted to retain the materials heavier than water and to allow their transport.

Dans l'exemple représenté, les moyens de déversement 4 sont schématisés par la flèche 4 et une structure 9 qui peut être constituée par des moyens connus quelconques tels qu'une ou plusieurs goulottes de déversement, un transporteur, etc..In the example shown, the discharge means 4 are shown diagrammatically by the arrow 4 and a structure 9 which can be constituted by any known means such as one or more discharge chutes, a conveyor, etc.

Le bac 2 est un bac classique, par exemple en tôle, présentant dans cet exemple un fond 10 incliné qui permet une récupération facile des matériaux tombes sur ce fond 10 par l'ouverture de vidange et de nettoyage 11 ménagée au point bas du fond 10. Les moyens transporteurs 5 comportent, dans l'exemple représenté, un transporteur à bande équipé d'une bande 12 à claire-voie qui est par exemple une toile flexible, notamment une toile métallique tissée. La bande 12 à claire-voie laisse ainsi passer par ses ouvertures l'aιr_ sous pression qui peut déplacer les matériaux présents sur la bande 12.The tank 2 is a conventional tank, for example made of sheet metal, in this example having an inclined bottom 10 which allows easy recovery of the materials fallen onto this bottom 10 by the drain and cleaning opening 11 made at the bottom point of the bottom 10 . The conveyor means 5 comprise, in the example shown, a belt conveyor equipped with a skeleton band 12 which is for example a flexible fabric, in particular a woven wire fabric. The skeleton strip 12 thus lets through its openings the aιr_ under pressure which can move the materials present on the strip 12.

Des tasseaux 13 sont fixés sur la bande 12 dans la direction transversale de ladite bande 12, de manière a augmenter considérablement le débit possible de cette bande .Cleats 13 are fixed on the strip 12 in the transverse direction of said strip 12, so as to considerably increase the possible flow rate of this strip.

Le transporteur 5 à bande est incline par rapport a l'horizontale, de manière à extraire les matériaux hors du bac et de l'eau au fur et a mesure de leur déversement dans le bac 2. Cette inclinaison, schématisée par l'angle α à la figure, est de préférence réglable selon la nature des matériaux à extraire, par exemple de 20 à 30°.The belt conveyor 5 is inclined relative to the horizontal, so as to extract the materials from the tank and from the water as they pour into the tank 2. This inclination, shown schematically by the angle α in the figure, is preferably adjustable according to the nature of the materials to be extracted, for example from 20 to 30 °.

La bande 12 est entraînée dans le sens de la flèche 14 par un tambour moteur 15 situé en tête du transporteur. Le tambour de retour 16 situé à la partie arrière et inférieure du transporteur 5 a ses paliers immerges. Ces paliers peuvent être de façon connue, protèges de l'introduction de matériaux fins par insufflation d'air sous pression.The strip 12 is driven in the direction of arrow 14 by a motor drum 15 located at the head of the conveyor. The return drum 16 located at the rear and lower part of the conveyor 5 has its submerged bearings. These bearings can be in known manner, protected from the introduction of fine materials by blowing pressurized air.

Le bac 2 comporte sur son bord périphérique 17 un tronçon arrière 18 situe au-dessous du bord 17 et formant seuil de débordement.The tank 2 has on its peripheral edge 17 a rear section 18 located below the edge 17 and forming an overflow threshold.

L'installation comporte au-dessus du bac 2 des buses 19 de projection d'eau agencées de manière à diriger vers la surface de l'eau des ets d'eau sous pression orientés en direction dudit seuil de débordement 18. Ces buses sont par exemple des queues de carpe pour diriger des jets d'eau plats orientés vers le seuil 18, c'est-à-dire vers l'arrière de l'installation situe à gauche à la figure 1. L'installation comporte, si les jets d'eau sous pression venant des buses 19 sont insuffisants, un moyen transporteur 20 à palettes 21 agencé au-dessus du bac 2 de façon que les palettes 21 poussent les végétaux et autres matériaux flottants ou mis en suspension vers le seuil de débordement 18 de façon à être évacués hors du bac avec l'eau de débordement, comme schématisé par la flèche 22.The installation comprises, above the tank 2, nozzles 19 for spraying water arranged so as to direct pressure water tanks directed towards said overflow threshold 18 towards the surface of the water. These nozzles are example of carp tails for directing flat water jets oriented towards the threshold 18, that is to say towards the rear of the installation located on the left in FIG. 1. The installation comprises, if the jets of pressurized water coming from the nozzles 19 are insufficient, a conveyor means 20 with pallets 21 arranged above the tank 2 so that the pallets 21 push the plants and other floating materials or put in suspension towards the overflow threshold 18 so as to be discharged out of the tank with the overflow water, as shown in the arrow 22.

Dans l'exemple représenté, le transporteur à palettes est un tambour rotatif 20 installé au voisinage du seuil de débordement 18, légèrement en amont et au- dessus de celui-ci et tournant dans le sens horaire (flèche 24) à la figure pour pousser les végétaux vers le seuil 18. Les moyens 7 pour injecter de l'air sous pression sous la bande transporteuse 12 à l'aplomb des moyens de déversement 4 et de part et d'autre de ceux- ci, aussi bien dans la direction longitudinale 14 de la bande transporteuse 12, que dans la direction transversale de cette dernière, sont constitués par exemple par un réseau de petites canalisations 23 percées de trous pour injecter de l'air sous pression dans l'eau. L'expérience prouve que l'air sous pression injecté par plusieurs orifices est dispersé par le passage au travers de la toile métallique 12 sur toute la largeur de celle-ci.In the example shown, the pallet conveyor is a rotary drum 20 installed in the vicinity of the overflow threshold 18, slightly upstream and above it and rotating clockwise (arrow 24) in the figure to push the plants towards the threshold 18. The means 7 for injecting pressurized air under the conveyor belt 12 directly above the discharge means 4 and on either side thereof, both in the longitudinal direction 14 of the conveyor belt 12, that in the transverse direction of the latter, are constituted for example by a network of small pipes 23 pierced with holes for injecting pressurized air into the water. Experience shows that the pressurized air injected through several orifices is dispersed by the passage through the wire mesh 12 over the entire width of the latter.

De façon classique, l'installation comporte des moyens (non représentés), tels que des vannes, pour faire varier le débit de l'air sous pression et le débit de l'eau sous pression formant les ets d'eau sortant des buses 19. La pression de l'air peut être relativement faible.Conventionally, the installation comprises means (not shown), such as valves, for varying the flow of pressurized air and the flow of pressurized water forming the water flows leaving the nozzles 19 The air pressure can be relatively low.

On comprendra également que l'installation décrite assure en même temps un lavage très efficace des matériaux plus lourds que l'eau tels que les graviers, et les sépare des matériaux fins, argiles, limons et analogues qui sont également entraînés vers la surface de l'eau 3 du bac 2 et hors de ce dernier par le courant d'air et d'eau, même s'ils ont une densité sensiblement égale ou supérieure à celle de l'eau. L'installation selon la présente invention est donc adaptée a séparer les uns des autres des matériaux plus lourds que l'eau, tels que des graviers, des minerais, des minéraux, des pierres, etc.., et des matériaux de densité voisine de celle de l'eau ou inférieure a celle-ci, tels que des végétaux, bois, feuilles, ou de densité supérieure à celle de l'eau ou voisine de celle-ci, et mis en suspension dans l'eau par l'action de l'air sous pression, et entraînés par l'air et par l'eau, papiers, matières plastiques, etc .., matériaux fins, argiles, limons et même sables s le débit d'air sous pression est suffisamment important pour entraîner ces divers matériaux vers la surface de l'eau contenue dans le bac.It will also be understood that the installation described ensures at the same time a very effective washing of materials heavier than water such as gravel, and separates them from fine materials, clays, silts and analogs which are also entrained towards the surface of water 3 of tank 2 and out of the latter by the air and water stream, even if they have a density substantially equal to or greater than that of water. The installation according to the present invention is therefore suitable for separating from each other materials heavier than water, such as gravel, ores, minerals, stones, etc., and materials of density close to that of water or less than it, such as plants, wood, leaves, or of density greater than that of water or close to it, and suspended in water by the action pressurized air, and entrained by air and water, paper, plastics, etc., fine materials, clays, silts and even sands s the pressure air flow is large enough to cause these various materials towards the surface of the water contained in the tank.

D'une manière générale, le transporteur évacue les matériaux plus lourds que l'eau à une extrémité avant du bac, tandis que le seuil de débordement pour l'évacuation de l'eau et des matériaux qu'elle entraîne est situé au niveau ou au voisinage de l'extrémité opposée, arrière, du bac. D'une manière générale, l'expression "matériaux de densité voisine à celle de l'eau ou inférieure à celle-ci" recouvre tous les matériaux susceptibles d'être entraînés vers la surface de l'eau par l'air comprimé et d'être entraînés par l'eau vers le seuil de déversement et hors du bac.In general, the transporter discharges heavier materials than water at one front end of the tank, while the overflow threshold for discharging the water and the materials it entails is located at or near the opposite rear end of the tank. In general, the expression "materials with a density close to or less than that of water" covers all materials likely to be entrained towards the surface of water by compressed air and d '' be dragged by the water towards the spill threshold and out of the tank.

Bien entendu, la présente invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation que l'on vient de décrire, et on peut apporter à celui-ci de nombreux changements et modifications sans sortir du domaine de 1 ' invention . On peut ainsi remplacer la toile métallique 8 par une toile tissée ou une bande percée de trous, en matière plastique, ou par une bande articulée formée de tronçons de panneaux percés de trous et articules chacun au tronçon précédent et au tronçon suivant.Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment which has just been described, and it is possible to make numerous changes and modifications to it without departing from the scope of the invention. It is thus possible to replace the metallic fabric 8 by a woven fabric or a strip pierced with holes, made of plastic material, or by an articulated strip formed by sections of panels pierced with holes and articulated each to the preceding section and to the following section.

Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 2, on a remplacé le transporteur 5 a bande par un transporteur 25 à deux chaînes 26 mobiles et a fond 27 fixe, les chaînes 26 entraînant des tasseaux transversaux 28 capables d'entraîner les matériaux plus lourds que l'eau sur le fond fixe 27 de ce transporteur 25 et de les extraire du bac 2. Le fond fixe 27 est alors constitué d'au moins une tôle percée de trous pour le passage de l'air, ou d'une toile tissée. A chaque extrémité du transporteur sont prévues deux poulies d'entraînement 29 ou de renvoi 30 de la chaîne 26 correspondante.In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the belt conveyor 5 has been replaced by a conveyor 25 with two movable chains 26 and with a fixed bottom 27, the chains 26 driving transverse battens 28 capable of carrying heavier materials than the water on the fixed bottom 27 of this conveyor 25 and extracting them from the tank 2. The fixed bottom 27 then consists of at least one sheet metal pierced with holes for the passage of air, or a woven fabric . At each end of the conveyor are provided two drive pulleys 29 or return pulleys 30 of the corresponding chain 26.

Dans cet exemple, les moyens de déversement 4 sont constitues par au moins une goulotte 31 inclinée par rapport à l'horizontale et déversant les matériaux à séparer dans un sens sensiblement opposé au sens 14 d'extraction et de remontée des matériaux lourds.In this example, the discharge means 4 are constituted by at least one chute 31 inclined relative to the horizontal and discharging the materials to be separated in a direction substantially opposite to the direction 14 of extraction and lifting of the heavy materials.

Un ventilateur 32 est mis en place à proximité de la partie aval (haute) du transporteur 25, donc à proximité des poulies d'entraînement 29. Ce ventilateur 32 est adapté à souffler de l'air sur les matériaux lourds présents sur le transporteur 25, comme schématise par la flèche 33, en vue de sécher ces matériaux lourds avant leur déversement et leur évacuation. Le transporteur peut également être remplace par tout autre moyen connu adéquat.A fan 32 is placed near the downstream (upper) part of the conveyor 25, therefore near the drive pulleys 29. This fan 32 is suitable for blowing air on the heavy materials present on the conveyor 25 , as shown by arrow 33, with a view to drying these heavy materials before they are spilled and disposed of. The carrier may also be replaced by any other suitable known means.

Bien entendu, la largeur du bac et celle de la bande 12 ou du transporteur 25 sont déterminées en fonction du débit des matériaux à séparer. Of course, the width of the tank and that of the strip 12 or of the conveyor 25 are determined as a function of the flow rate of the materials to be separated.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS 1. Installation (1) pour séparer en continu les uns des autres des matériaux en vrac plus lourds que l'eau, tels que . des graviers ou des minéraux, et des matériaux en vrac de densité inférieure à celle de l'eau ou voisine de celle-ci, tels que des végétaux, comportant des moyens formant bac (2) adaptés à être remplis d'eau, des moyens (4, 9, 31) de déversement pour déverser dans le bac (2) le mélange de matériaux, des moyens (5, 25) pour extraire dudit bac (2) les matériaux plus lourds que l'eau, et des moyens (6) pour évacuer à la surface de l'eau les matériaux en vrac de densité inférieure à celle de l'eau ou voisine de celle-ci, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des moyens transporteurs sans fin (5, 25) disposés dans le bac (2) sous les moyens (4, 9, 31) de déversement, des moyens (7, 23) pour injecter de l'air sous pression sous les moyens transporteurs (5, 25) au moins à l'aplomb des moyens (4, 9, 31) de déversement, les moyens transporteurs (5, 25) étant conçus de manière telle que leur surface (8, 27) adaptée à recevoir les matériaux laisse passer l'air sous pression tout en étant adaptée à retenir les matériaux plus lourds que l'eau à et permettre leur transport.1. Installation (1) for continuously separating from each other bulk materials heavier than water, such as. gravels or minerals, and bulk materials with a density lower than that of water or close to it, such as plants, comprising tank-forming means (2) adapted to be filled with water, means (4, 9, 31) for pouring into the tank (2) the mixture of materials, means (5, 25) for extracting from said tank (2) materials heavier than water, and means (6 ) for discharging bulk materials with a density lower than that of water or close to it at the surface of the water, characterized in that it comprises endless conveyor means (5, 25) arranged in the tank (2) under the discharge means (4, 9, 31), means (7, 23) for injecting pressurized air under the conveying means (5, 25) at least in line with the means ( 4, 9, 31) of discharge, the conveyor means (5, 25) being designed such that their surface (8, 27) adapted to receive the materials allows air to pass under pressure while being adapted to retain materials heavier than water and to allow their transport. 2. Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les moyens transporteurs (5) comportent un transporteur à bande (12) à claire-voie. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the conveyor means (5) comprise a conveyor belt (12) skeleton. 3. Installation selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la bande (12) à claire-voie est une toile (12), notamment une toile métallique tissée (12) .3. Installation according to claim 2, characterized in that the strip (12) skeleton is a fabric (12), in particular a woven wire fabric (12). 4. Installation selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce que des tasseaux (13) sont fixés sur la bande (12) dans la direction transversale de ladite bande ( 12 ) .4. Installation according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that cleats (13) are fixed on the strip (12) in the transverse direction of said strip (12). 5. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que le transporteur (5, 25) a une vitesse et une inclinaison réglables.5. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the conveyor (5, 25) has an adjustable speed and inclination. 6. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que le bac (2) comporte sur son bord périphérique (17) un tronçon (18) formant seuil de débordement . 6. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the tank (2) has on its peripheral edge (17) a section (18) forming an overflow threshold. 7. Installation selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des buses (19) de projection d'eau agencées de manière à diriger vers la surface de l'eau des jets d'eau sous pression orientés en direction dudit seuil de débordement (18) . 7. Installation according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises nozzles (19) for spraying water arranged so as to direct towards the surface of the water jets of water under pressure oriented in the direction of said threshold. overflow (18). 8. Installation selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un moyen transporteur (20) à palettes (21) agencé au-dessus du bac (2) de façon que les palettes (21) poussent les végétaux vers ledit seuil de débordement (18). 8. Installation according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that it comprises a conveyor means (20) with pallets (21) arranged above the tank (2) so that the pallets (21) push the plants towards said overflow threshold (18). 9. Installation selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que le transporteur (20) à palettes (21) est un tambour (20) rotatif installé au voisinage dudit seuil de débordement (18) .9. Installation according to claim 8, characterized in that the conveyor (20) with pallets (21) is a rotary drum (20) installed in the vicinity of said overflow threshold (18). 10. Installation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 6 à 9, caractérisée en ce que les moyens transporteurs (25) comprennent un transporteur à deux chaînes (26) mobiles et à fond (27) fixe percé de trous, les deux chaînes (26) entraînant des tasseaux transversaux (28) capables d'entraîner les matériaux plus lourds que l'eau sur le fond fixe (27) du transporteur (25). 10. Installation according to any one of claims 1 or 6 to 9, characterized in that the conveyor means (25) comprise a conveyor with two movable chains (26) and with a fixed bottom (27) pierced with holes, the two chains (26) driving transverse cleats (28) capable of carrying materials heavier than water on the fixed bottom (27) of the conveyor (25).
PCT/FR1997/001351 1996-07-26 1997-07-21 Apparatus for continuously separating heavier-than-water bulk materials and bulk materials having a density lower than or adjacent to that of water Ceased WO1998004352A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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AU37751/97A AU3775197A (en) 1996-07-26 1997-07-21 Apparatus for continuously separating heavier-than-water bulk materials and bulk materials having a density lower than or adjacent to that of water

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR9609462A FR2751566B1 (en) 1996-07-26 1996-07-26 INSTALLATION FOR CONTINUOUSLY SEPARATING BULK MATERIALS LARGER THAN WATER AND BULK MATERIALS OF LESS DENSITY THAN WATER OR NEIGHBORHOOD THEREOF
FR96/09462 1996-07-26

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JP2015199047A (en) * 2014-04-10 2015-11-12 鹿島建設株式会社 Buoyancy sorting device and sorting method
CN109731670A (en) * 2019-03-15 2019-05-10 中国矿业大学 A pulsating type dense medium shallow groove sorting device and method

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CN110142130B (en) * 2019-05-08 2021-06-11 上海槎南再生资源有限公司 Waste steel crusher removes dust and impurity removal device based on water conservancy and wind-force
CN110882915A (en) * 2019-12-21 2020-03-17 嘉兴新博信息科技有限公司 Low-abrasion lump ore gravity separation separator

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CN109731670A (en) * 2019-03-15 2019-05-10 中国矿业大学 A pulsating type dense medium shallow groove sorting device and method

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FR2751566A1 (en) 1998-01-30
FR2751566B1 (en) 1998-10-23

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