WO1998003833A2 - Self-loading pistol - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention pertains to a self-loading pistol with a barrel (2, 2.1) and a breech block (1) that slides along a longitudinal guide (3) connected to a handle piece, the breech block (1) having a frontal wall (13) with an aperture (12) for the barrel (2). Near the aperture (12) in the frontal wall (13) of the breech block (1), an insert (14) is replaceably fitted between the breech block (1) and the barrel (2) to support the barrel (2).

Description

 SELF-LOADING GUN

The invention relates to a self-loading pistol with a barrel and a closure that slides along a longitudinal guide that is connected to a handle, the closure having a front wall with an opening for receiving the barrel.

Usual self-loading pistols have a rod magazine in the handle for a number of cartridges. They either have a fixed barrel with a spring lock, whereby the breech that slides back when shot is fed back by a spring, or they have a movable barrel with stronger ammunition that slides back together with the breech when the shot is developed.

When firing, a projectile is accelerated in the barrel by powder gases. This creates a push-back pulse on the closure, which is form-fitting with it

CONFIRMED locked barrel slides back against a closing spring. After the projectile has left the barrel, the form-locking locking of the barrel with the bolt is released / released by a control unit. The return movement of the barrel is stopped and the lock slides back against the closing spring up to its limit (lock stop). The shot sleeve is pulled out of the barrel, ejected, and the lock (impact mechanism) is automatically tensioned again.

When the slide slides under the pressure of the closing spring, a new cartridge is inserted into the barrel. The form-locking interlock between the bolt and barrel is restored via the path-dependent control element and both thus slide a measured distance up to the front stop in the firing position.

Since the barrel and breech are designed to be relatively movable relative to one another, the fixing of the barrel relative to the breech in the locked foremost position is a problem. The barrel must be guided with play both vertically in the Z-axis and laterally in the Y-axis to be able to carry out its movement function,] but in the position of use, ie, in the firing position as far as possible. The problem lies above all in the total tolerance between the individual locking elements.

In practice, this problem is addressed by a special configuration of the opening in the front wall, this opening receiving different configurations. However, this makes the manufacture of the closure considerably more difficult. Furthermore, you have to work with accuracies that are usually difficult to reach and then lead to a game of the game again through the combination of sum tolerance. In practice, the locking piece is also subsequently retouched in a coordinated manner, so that spherical shapes on the barrel jerk inwards. This is very time-consuming, can only be carried out by trained specialist personnel and is inconceivable in a series production.

The present invention is based on the task of a self-loading pistol of the abovementioned. Develop a way of ensuring that the barrel is secured against the bolt in the position of use.

The solution to this problem is that an insert for supporting the barrel is interchangeably inserted near the opening in the front wall of the closure between the closure and the barrel.

This insert is designed in such a way that it only exerts its effect on the last, minimal relative path of movement between the closure and barrel, namely in the vertical axis Z on the barrel in the mouth area and thus also the barrel against an area of the opening in the front wall of the closure.

The insert should preferably have a V-shaped groove, which at least partially abuts the barrel. The V-shaped groove can also be designed in such a way that it only engages the barrel selectively at pressure points, so that, for example, the barrel is only held at three points which lie opposite each other at corresponding angles. This does not hinder a relative movement in the firing axis between the breech and the barrel. Furthermore, there is no wear and tear of the insert if there is friction between the barrel and insert. The latter problem is avoided above all by the fact that the barrel tilts shortly after the closure has slid back, so that no more pressure comes from the pressure points of the insert. - - -

The insert can be fixed in any way with positive or non-positive locking within the closure. Gluing should be mentioned above all. In another exemplary embodiment, however, the insert can also be connected to the grain, the grain then being inserted into the closure through a corresponding slot and thereby both grain and insert being held.

The guidance and the fixing of the closure also serve a special configuration of the lateral guide grooves, in which corresponding strips of the rail guide engage. So far, these grooves have always been roughly rectangular, so that a clearance compensation with a suitable tolerance position could only take place in the Z-height axis. According to the invention, a lower flank of the groove should now be beveled outwards, so that an opening groove is created, so that the closure can slide much more easily with respect to the rail guide. In use, on the other hand, the insert presses on the barrel and lifts the bolt, so that a play in the grooves towards the rails of the rail guide is lifted, not only in height, but also to the side.

In further exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the barrel is connected to a counterpart. This counterpart overlaps a locking ramp or travels on it when the old sleeve is thrown off after a shot and a new cartridge is shot into the barrel. The barrel is then moved back again and held on the locking ramp.

In the case of self-loading pistols, the barrels are preferably of a rectangular shape inside.

It is disadvantageous that the barrel is moved in the breech by the swirl of a projectile. This is what happens when shooting by torque transmission or twisting the Run against the twist direction to inaccuracies, which is extremely undesirable.

If, on the other hand, smaller manufacturing tolerances were chosen, the manufacturing costs of such a self-loading were. stole way too high.

In order to take into account both disadvantages, the counterpart is designed to be slightly inclined relative to the locking ramp or to be provided with a pin or the like element. When shooting, the barrel lies slightly inclined in the lock on the respective edges, so that a backlash is reduced. It is also contemplated to arrange the surfaces of the locking ramp accordingly, in order to support a twisting of the barrel relative to the lock until all edges lie inside the lock, so that play is also reduced completely. This improves precision when shooting.

Furthermore, by reducing the weight of the counterpart and also the locking ramp, the precision when shooting is also increased, since this significantly improves the impulse conditions of the barrel compared to the breech. An impulse ratio can also be coordinated with these reduced running masses.

It also ensures that considerable manufacturing costs can also be saved here by reducing complicated processing steps.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention emerge from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments and from the drawing; this shows in

1 shows a longitudinal section through part of a self-loading pistol;

FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the part of the self-loading pistol according to FIG. 1 along line II-II;

FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through the area of the self-loading pistol according to FIG. 1 in a different position of use;

FIG. 4 shows a cross section through a further self-loading pistol according to FIG. 5;

FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal section through part of a self-loading pistol;

FIG. 6 shows a cross section through part of a further self-loading pistol according to the invention with a locking ramp according to the invention and counterpart;

FIGS. 7 and 8 further cross sections through part of a self-loading pistol with further locking ramps with counterparts;

FIGS. 9 and 10 are longitudinal sections through further self-loading pistols with locking ramps according to the invention and counterparts.

According to FIG. 1, a self-loading pistol shows a front area of a breech 1, a barrel 2 and a longitudinal guide designed as a rail guide 3. The rail guide 3, not shown in more detail, is connected to a handle. The remaining parts of a self-loading pistols are generally known and do not need to be described in more detail below.

In Figure 2 it can be seen that the rail guide →. , which here is U-shaped, for example, has two side walls 4 and 5, each with guide strips 6 and 7, which sit in the grooves 8 and 9, respectively. A lower flank 10.1 or 10.2 of the respective groove 8 or 9 is formed so that it is snapped outwards, as a result of which fixing of the closure in the rail guide 3 m of the firing position is significantly improved. The lock slides unlocked more easily with play, but is not only fixed very well when used, but not only in height, but also to the side.

In the firing position, the barrel 2 sits in the area of its mouth 11 in an opening 12 of a front wall 13, this opening 12 being slightly larger in diameter than an outside diameter of the barrel 2 in order to prevent the unlocking movement and the sliding back of the closure over the barrel to allow its path limitation.

In the front upper area of the breech 1 near this front wall 13, an insert 14 is inserted between the breech 1 and barrel 2, against which the barrel 2 is braced in the locking position / closing position. This insert 14 prints on barrel 2, wherein barrel 2 is printed against the lower region C of opening 12. As a result, the mouth 11 of the barrel 2 is secured and a game for the barrel 2, which can lead to inaccuracies, is eliminated.

In the preferred exemplary embodiment, the insert 14 prints against the run 2 only at two further printing points A and B, that is, the run 2 is only fixed via these three points A, B, C, so that a relative movement between the run 2 is simple and lock 1 possible and the closure of the closure is not hindered. In addition, the course are stored at the here _^ n eligible Selbstladepistolen usually so αass they tilt slightly at the jerk running the closure 1, Λiie indicated in FIG. 3 this removes the definition of the run.

In a simple exemplary embodiment, the pressure points A and B are generated by a V-shaped groove 15 which receives the barrel 2 in the position of use. However, other, for example spherical, formations are also possible.

The insert 14 can be fixed in the closure 1 in any manner. In Figure 1 it is indicated that it is connected to a grain 16 from a piece. In this case, the insert 14 is inserted together with the grain 16 from the inside into the closure 1 and the grain 16 is inserted through a corresponding slot 17. As a result, the insert 14 is fixed by the portion 16 of the insert 14 which is designed as a grain.

By replacing the insert 14 with an insert graded in the high H, tolerance compensation can be achieved very easily and inexpensively.

On the other hand, the choice of the material and the shape of the insert 14 in the height H and in the axis Z can achieve an elastic / resilient effect which compensates for the total tolerances of the parts produced.

In addition, tolerance compensation n of the Z axis is achieved in that the closure can deflect through the two resilient side walls n of the Y axis due to the obliquely arranged guide surfaces of the guide strips when force is exerted in the Z axis. The material from which the insert 14 is made is of secondary importance. It is preferably made of plastic or metal.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show a partial cross section and a partial longitudinal section through a self-loading pistol from the prior art. A closure 1.1 overlaps a barrel 2.1, which is preferably rectangular in shape on the inside. The closure 1.1 and the barrel 2.1 are arranged to be movable relative to one another. The movement against one another takes place via a locking ramp 20, only indicated in FIG. 4, as is shown in its entirety in FIG. Via this locking ramp 20, barrel 2.1 can be moved into a firing position by means of a correspondingly matching counterpart 21. The locking ramp 20 is intended to fix the barrel 2.1 in a desired position and hold it there in the firing position.

A disadvantage of the locking ramp 20 according to FIG. 4 is that there is play between the closure 1.1 and the barrel 2.1. This is present in conventional self-loading pistols for manufacturing reasons, so that barrel 2.1 can move in closure 1.1 when firing. These movements are of small size, but they occur at least partly due to the rotation of barrel 2.1 when the shot is fired. The formation of a drawn barrel creates a pressure pulse so that barrel 2.1 is rotated about a central axis 22. This causes the precision to be significantly affected by this twist. This is indicated in Figures 4 and 5. This design shown is known from the prior art.

6, 7 and 8, however, a counterpart 21.1 is provided on its lower surface 23 with a slight angle α. The lower surface 23 is thus with a tip 24 exclusively on the locking ramp 20.1. As a result, barrel 2.1 is slightly inclined in breech 1.1 and does not rotate in the breech block, so that all edges 24.1 to 24.3 of barrel 2.1 lie directly against breech block 1.1 on the inside and secure barrel 2.1 against twisting during the shot. Lin game between barrel 2.1 and closure 1.1 is thus prevented.

Instead of the angled surface 23, a pin 25, as shown in FIG. 7, can also be assigned to the counterpart 21.1. Here, too, this pin 25 has the effect that during the movement of the counterpart 21.1 via the locking ramp 20.1, the barrel 2.1 is also in a locked and secured position between the breech 1.1 when the shot is fired.

In a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention according to FIG. 8, it is provided that a locking ramp 20.2 can be designed to be inclined relative to a counterpart 21.1 in order to twist the barrel 2.1 in the closure 1.1 in such a way that all edges 24.1 to 24.3 bear against the closure 1.1 on the inside. This also reduces play between barrel 2.1 and breech 1.1.

Another exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 9 shows the manner in which a counterpart 21.2 can be reduced in its mass compared to the counterpart 21 according to FIG. 5. The long, downward-shaped guide strips 25.1, 25.2, as shown in FIG. 5, are omitted, the guide strip 25.1 being guided on the one hand on a locking bolt 26 and on the other hand resting on the locking ramp 20. The guide strip 25.2, however, overflows the counterpart 21, which is also omitted in Figure 9. The counterpart 21.2 is with a very small guide strip 25.3 provided, which has a pocket 27 in which the barrel 2.1 is supported with counterpart 21.2.

This is also shown in FIG. 10, but here a counterpart 21.3 is somewhat shorter. The locking ramp 20.2 from FIG. 9 is reduced in FIG. 10 to a disassembly bolt as a locking ramp 20.3. The masses are thus considerably reduced, which results in a weight reduction of the barrel 2.1. As a result of this weight reduction in barrel 2.1, there is a shift in the recoil pulse to closure 1.1, which results in greater durability and functional reliability of the self-loading pistol. Furthermore, cost-intensive work steps in the manufacture and manufacture of such a barrel are saved, which is also advantageous.

By relocating the disassembly bolt and the entire locking and unlocking parts 26 and 25.3, it is possible to install longer closing springs, the stress of which is reduced as a result or an even shorter length of self-loading pistols is thereby made possible.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Self-loading pistol with a barrel (2) and a closure (1) which slides along a longitudinal guide '3) which is connected to a handle, the closure (1) having a front wall (13) with an opening (12) Includes the barrel (2), characterized, that near the opening (12) in the front wall (13) of the Closure (1) between the closure (1) and the barrel (2) an insert (14) for supporting the barrel (2) is interchangeably inserted. 2. Self-loading pistol according to claim 1, characterized in that the insert has a V-shaped groove (15) for receiving the barrel (2). 3. Self-loading pistol according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the groove (15) at least partially engages the barrel (2). 4. Self-loading pistol according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the insert (14) is glued into the closure (1). 5. Self-loading pistol according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a grain (16) is connected to the insert (14). 6. self-loading pistol with barrel (2) and a breech (1) which slides along a longitudinal guide (3) which is connected to a handle, the breech (1) having a front wall (13) with an opening (12) to accommodate the lau Fixed (2), characterized in that the closure (1) has lateral guide grooves (8, 9) for engagement with the long guide (3), a lower groove flank (10.1, 10.2) being bevelled towards the outside 7. self-loading pistol with a barrel (2.1) and a breech (1.1) which slides along a longitudinal guide (3) which is connected to a handle, the barrel (2.1) having a between locking bolt (26) and locking ramp (20) movable counterpart (21), characterized in that the barrel (2.1) is rotated relative to the closure (1.1) about a central axis (22). 8. Self-loading pistol according to claim 7, characterized in that the barrel (2.1) in the closure (1.1) can be pivoted about the central axis (22) and the edges (24.1 to 24.3) are applied inside the closure (1.1). 9. Self-loading pistol according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that a surface (23) of the counterpart (20) and / or the locking ramp (21) are arranged inclined to one another. 10. self-loading pistol with a barrel (2.1) and a breech (1.1) which slides along a longitudinal guide (3) which is connected to a handle, the barrel (2.1) having a between locking bolt (26) and locking ramp (20) movable counterpart (21) is provided, characterized in that the mass of the counterpart (21.2, 21.3) is reduced. 11. Self-loading pistol according to claim 10, characterized in that the counterpart (21.2, 21.3) has a single guide strip (25.3), on which a pocket (27) is adjacent. 12. Self-loading pistol according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the mass of the counterpart (20.2, 20.3) is reduced. 13. Self-loading pistol according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the locking ramp (20.3) is designed as a bolt and is used as a disassembly bolt.