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WO1998046376A1 - Procede et systeme de localisation des fuites sur des structures de confinement souterraines, au moyen de gaz de depistage - Google Patents

Procede et systeme de localisation des fuites sur des structures de confinement souterraines, au moyen de gaz de depistage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998046376A1
WO1998046376A1 PCT/US1998/007687 US9807687W WO9846376A1 WO 1998046376 A1 WO1998046376 A1 WO 1998046376A1 US 9807687 W US9807687 W US 9807687W WO 9846376 A1 WO9846376 A1 WO 9846376A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
barrier
injecting
accomplished
tracer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1998/007687
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
William E. Lowry
Sandra Dalvit Dunn
Robert Walsh
Daniel Merewether
Desario V. Rao
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Science and Engineering Associates Inc
Original Assignee
Science and Engineering Associates Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Science and Engineering Associates Inc filed Critical Science and Engineering Associates Inc
Priority to AU71259/98A priority Critical patent/AU7125998A/en
Publication of WO1998046376A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998046376A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B1/00—Dumping solid waste
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
    • G01M3/20—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/30—Landfill technologies aiming to mitigate methane emissions

Definitions

  • This invention relates to quantitative subsurface barrier assessment systems
  • Injected grouts, waxes, polymers, slurries and freezing of soil moisture are barrier
  • the present invention is a turn-key, autonomous monitoring system to provide
  • the present invention has the following benefits:
  • the present invention is applicable to the assessment of any impermeable
  • the system uses inexpensive and non-hazardous gaseous
  • system uses a field-proven soil gas analyzer, incorporated in a sampling system
  • the invention is applicable to impermeable barrier installations above the
  • Vapor point installation can be
  • DOE Department of Energy
  • the present invention uses gaseous tracer injection, in-field real-time
  • the design has the following features:
  • the system can also provide
  • the barrier monitoring system of the present invention is predicated on the
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the barrier test configuration
  • Figure 2(a) is schematic view of the leak process model
  • Figure 2(b) is a graph illustrating the tracer diffusion model
  • Figure 3 is a graph illustrating the tracer concentration profile at various times
  • Figure 4 is a graph illustrating tracer concentration model at 3 radial distances
  • Figure 5 is a graph illustrating tracer concentration at 5 meters from source for
  • Figure 6 is perspective schematic illustrating the sample configuration for
  • FIGS 7(a)-(e) illustrate potential barrier installations and monitoring
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view of the multipoint tracer gas monitoring system of
  • Figure 9 is a schematic illustrating the barrier integrity monitoring system
  • Figures 10(a)-(b) illustrate the end and side views of a test configuration.
  • the tracer concentration inside the container is high, it will serve as an infinitely large
  • the size of the container, and the wall of the container forms a flat no-flow boundary.
  • Tracer transport is modeled, at least to the first order, as one-dimensional spherical diffusion from a source with the radius r 0 This is represented in Figure 2(b)
  • D the diffusivity of the tracer in soil gas, which includes
  • the modeled source is a constant concentration of 10 percent
  • concentrations will be inversely proportional to radial distance from the source (r in
  • the amplitude is directly proportional to the leak radius, or the square
  • D is the uniform diffusivity of the medium
  • the model may be more
  • the inverse problem is cast in the form of a nonlinear global optimization
  • the objective function to be minimized is taken as the sum of the squares
  • SA Simulated Annealing
  • the simplest stochastic method for global optimization is to repeatedly select
  • the rule for determining the base point is responsible for the name Simulated
  • T is proportional to the temperature.
  • each parameter is
  • n is the number of points for which E has been evaluated and V is a constant.
  • E 0 The value for E 0 is based on the fractional measurement errors ei at the various
  • V was set to 100.
  • An SA algorithm needs a stopping rule, which tends to be
  • the present algorithm stops a search when E(p_) ⁇ E 0 or after a
  • sample configuration illustrated in Figure 6 included a vertical barrier 100 ft deep
  • analyzer could measure the tracer gas to within ⁇ 5 percent accuracy for values
  • the source concentration of the tracer used in calculations was 70,000
  • the code allows for a range of values to be input for all of the pertinent
  • the monitors closest to the leak will detect the tracer earliest and will
  • Figure 6 shows the coordinate system used to generate the input file and lists the
  • Table 1 shows several examples of the input parameters for the analytic
  • the code was also able to determine the time the leak began to accuracies of less than ⁇ 2 days. As expected, as more unknowns were
  • Tracer gas (“Inject”) would be injected into the soil gas contained within
  • the barrier at a prescribed concentration, to diffuse uniformly into the contained
  • Vapor and injection point emplacement may be accomplished by a direct
  • the barrier is shallow (i.e., 10 to 20 ft deep), a manually
  • the tracer gas monitoring system must be capable of sampling multiple soil
  • model 1302 photoacoustic gas analyzer is well-suited for unattended operation in
  • tracer gas chlorinated hydrocarbon, and C0 2 movement in the unsaturated zone.
  • This system can automatically monitored up to 64 vapor sampling lines for several reasons.
  • the system is schematically
  • the Bruel & Kjasr photoacoustic analyzer is well suited to SF 6 and C0 2
  • the scanning system is well-developed and its software tested in long
  • tracer gas is dictated by the tracer's ability to delineate leaks in
  • Sulfur hexafluoride is a non-toxic conservative tracer gas commonly used in building ventilation testing as well as hydrologic measurements.
  • Atmospheric background concentrations are on the order of I to 2 parts per trillion.
  • SF 6 is very close to that of trichlorethylene in air.
  • C0 2 An attractive feature of C0 2 is that, because of its lower molecular weight, its
  • thermodynamic state of the soil gas (temperature and pressure).
  • the diffusion constant is proportional to the
  • a more variable influence is that of tortuosity, or the effective increase in the
  • soil porosity represents the dry state and soil gas saturation is that fraction of
  • the soil should be measured in the site media prior to application of the above
  • test configuration is depicted in Figure 10. It consists
  • S Sampling tubing
  • an effective diffusion test is performed by injecting a
  • a monitoring installation is designed for a specific barrier application. The first
  • step is to design the vapor point installation to optimize vapor point spacing with
  • the second step is the installation of the vapor sampling points and
  • This task is completed with a background survey to verify the
  • the monitoring system is then operated for a one week period to verify
  • a test installation is depicted in Figure 10.
  • a geomembrane is installed, with
  • the integrated monitoring and data analysis system developed is connected to the
  • Testing requires, approximately, a week total duration, including two days of
  • gas analysis system will collect and store all of the data required for these tests.
  • This system records ambient temperature, barometric pressure, soil gas pressure at
  • the software module which determines the leak characteristics
  • the code outputs the leak sizes, locations, and uncertainties in these determinations.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une technique de modélisation inverse ainsi qu'un système de mesure de champ dans lequel on utilise des gaz de dépistage à la fois peu coûteux et peu dangereux, que l'on injecte à l'intérieur du volume confiné d'une barrière souterraine ou d'une géomembrane, afin de déterminer l'emplacement et la taille d'éventuelles fuites dans ladite barrière. L'installation de points d'échantillonnage gazeux, qui permet de prélever des échantillons des gaz du sol à partir de plusieurs points (#1 - #12), autour de la surface extérieure de ladite barrière, peut être effectuée par des techniques de forage rotatif traditionnel, de poussée directe, ou de placement acoustique. Dans ce système on utilise un analyseur des gaz du sol ayant fait ses preuves, qui permet d'évaluer la composition desdits échantillons de gaz prélevés, et d'indiquer la pénétration du gaz de dépistage au-delà de la barrière, cet analyseur étant incorporé dans un système d'échantillonnage capable de surveiller de nombreux points d'échantillonnage à une résolution temporelle relativement élevée. Une technique rigoureuse de modélisation inverse numérique, telle celle utilisée avec ou sans optimiseur global non linéaire et un recuit simulé, est intégrée dans ledit système de données, afin de réaliser une analyse en temps réel.
PCT/US1998/007687 1997-04-15 1998-04-15 Procede et systeme de localisation des fuites sur des structures de confinement souterraines, au moyen de gaz de depistage Ceased WO1998046376A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU71259/98A AU7125998A (en) 1997-04-15 1998-04-15 Method and system to locate leaks in subsurface containment structures using tracer gases

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US4359597P 1997-04-15 1997-04-15
US60/043,595 1997-04-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998046376A1 true WO1998046376A1 (fr) 1998-10-22

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Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU7125998A (fr)
WO (1) WO1998046376A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004027369A3 (fr) * 2002-09-19 2004-11-18 Ca Nat Research Council Procede et appareil pour detecter et localiser des fuites de gaz
NL1028074C2 (nl) * 2005-01-20 2006-07-21 Franciscus Marie De Groot Opsporen van lekkages.
GB2500319A (en) * 2012-03-16 2013-09-18 Prestige Air Technology Ltd A method of testing the integrity of a barrier

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4189938A (en) * 1978-12-13 1980-02-26 Heath Consultants, Incorporated Double tracer gas process for locating conduit leaks
US4690689A (en) * 1983-03-02 1987-09-01 Columbia Gas System Service Corp. Gas tracer composition and method
US4725551A (en) * 1983-11-29 1988-02-16 Tracer Research Corporation Rapid leak detection system
US4748847A (en) * 1987-05-26 1988-06-07 Sheahan James P Non-electrical leak detection method
US5048324A (en) * 1989-07-11 1991-09-17 Tracer Research Corporation Aboveground tank leak detection system and method
US5076728A (en) * 1990-04-25 1991-12-31 Tracer Research Corporation Landfill liner leak detection system and method
US5163315A (en) * 1990-07-10 1992-11-17 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Leak detecting method for vessels
US5269172A (en) * 1991-12-16 1993-12-14 The Dow Chemical Company Processes and apparatus for the prevention, detection and/or repair of leaks or avenues for leaks from above-ground storage tanks
US5377307A (en) * 1992-10-07 1994-12-27 Schlumberger Technology Corporation System and method of global optimization using artificial neural networks
US5447055A (en) * 1993-02-09 1995-09-05 Tracer Research Corporation Automated leak detection apparatus and method
US5502268A (en) * 1990-10-22 1996-03-26 Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada, As Represented By The Minister Of The Environment Method for sealing of a mass of waste
US5591115A (en) * 1994-01-12 1997-01-07 K & M Engineering & Consulting Corp. Barrier for blocking movement of contaminants within an aggregate particulate substrate
US5635712A (en) * 1995-05-04 1997-06-03 Halliburton Company Method for monitoring the hydraulic fracturing of a subterranean formation

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4189938A (en) * 1978-12-13 1980-02-26 Heath Consultants, Incorporated Double tracer gas process for locating conduit leaks
US4690689A (en) * 1983-03-02 1987-09-01 Columbia Gas System Service Corp. Gas tracer composition and method
US4725551A (en) * 1983-11-29 1988-02-16 Tracer Research Corporation Rapid leak detection system
US4748847A (en) * 1987-05-26 1988-06-07 Sheahan James P Non-electrical leak detection method
US5048324A (en) * 1989-07-11 1991-09-17 Tracer Research Corporation Aboveground tank leak detection system and method
US5076728A (en) * 1990-04-25 1991-12-31 Tracer Research Corporation Landfill liner leak detection system and method
US5163315A (en) * 1990-07-10 1992-11-17 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Leak detecting method for vessels
US5502268A (en) * 1990-10-22 1996-03-26 Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada, As Represented By The Minister Of The Environment Method for sealing of a mass of waste
US5269172A (en) * 1991-12-16 1993-12-14 The Dow Chemical Company Processes and apparatus for the prevention, detection and/or repair of leaks or avenues for leaks from above-ground storage tanks
US5377307A (en) * 1992-10-07 1994-12-27 Schlumberger Technology Corporation System and method of global optimization using artificial neural networks
US5447055A (en) * 1993-02-09 1995-09-05 Tracer Research Corporation Automated leak detection apparatus and method
US5591115A (en) * 1994-01-12 1997-01-07 K & M Engineering & Consulting Corp. Barrier for blocking movement of contaminants within an aggregate particulate substrate
US5635712A (en) * 1995-05-04 1997-06-03 Halliburton Company Method for monitoring the hydraulic fracturing of a subterranean formation

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004027369A3 (fr) * 2002-09-19 2004-11-18 Ca Nat Research Council Procede et appareil pour detecter et localiser des fuites de gaz
US7430897B2 (en) 2002-09-19 2008-10-07 National Research Council Of Canada Method and apparatus for detecting and locating gas leaks
NL1028074C2 (nl) * 2005-01-20 2006-07-21 Franciscus Marie De Groot Opsporen van lekkages.
GB2500319A (en) * 2012-03-16 2013-09-18 Prestige Air Technology Ltd A method of testing the integrity of a barrier
GB2500319B (en) * 2012-03-16 2018-03-28 Prestige Air Tech Limited Method of testing the integrity of a barrier

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU7125998A (en) 1998-11-11

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