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WO1998041030A2 - Dispositif et procede permettant d'acheminer des informations dans un systeme de communication - Google Patents

Dispositif et procede permettant d'acheminer des informations dans un systeme de communication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998041030A2
WO1998041030A2 PCT/US1998/003651 US9803651W WO9841030A2 WO 1998041030 A2 WO1998041030 A2 WO 1998041030A2 US 9803651 W US9803651 W US 9803651W WO 9841030 A2 WO9841030 A2 WO 9841030A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
information
transmitter
user information
transmission
fill
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1998/003651
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO1998041030A3 (fr
Inventor
Michael D. Kotzin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Motorola Solutions Inc
Original Assignee
Motorola Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Motorola Inc filed Critical Motorola Inc
Publication of WO1998041030A2 publication Critical patent/WO1998041030A2/fr
Publication of WO1998041030A3 publication Critical patent/WO1998041030A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
    • H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
    • H04B7/2643—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile using time-division multiple access [TDMA]
    • H04B7/2656—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile using time-division multiple access [TDMA] for structure of frame, burst
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02—Details
    • H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
    • H04J3/07—Synchronising arrangements using pulse stuffing for systems with different or fluctuating information rates or bit rates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to communication systems, and, more particularly, to communication systems which employ pulsing transmitters.
  • the pulsing is known to cause interference to other electronic devices.
  • This problem is commonly referred to as the "hearing aid problem" since hearing aids are one of the electronic devices which suffer from the interference.
  • the mobile station to base-station link (reverse link) in a code- division multiple access (CDMA) communication system compatible with (IS-95) is one type of system which suffers from the problem due to its implementation of variable rate speech coding.
  • a variable rate speech coder efficiently a variable amount of output coded speech information depending on the users speech input. For example, during silent passages, a variable rate speech coder will significantly reduce the amount of coded information needed to transmit. Because of the reduced information needed to transmit, the amount of total system interference is reduced since the transmitter is gated intermittently. In such a CDMA system which implements variable rate speech coding, since interference is significantly reduced by this feature system capacity is greatly enhanced.
  • TDMA time-division multiple access
  • FIG. 1 generally depicts a block diagram of a prior art mobile station transmitter compatible with IS-95A.
  • FIG. 2 generally depicts a resulting 20 millisecond (ms) frame of information resulting from a variable rate transmission in an IS- 95A compatible communication system.
  • FIG. 3 generally depicts a block diagram of a mobile station which eliminates the effects of pulsing in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 4 generally depicts the resulting frames of information after implementing transmitter pulsing elimination in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 5 generally depicts a typical transmission in an IS-95A compatible communication system.
  • FIG. 6 generally depicts an alternate embodiment of a narrowband transmission in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 7 generally depicts a block diagram of a receiver implemented in a base-station capable of receiving and processing the signal of FIG. 5 in accordance with the invention.
  • a controller determines when user information is not required for transmission and toggles a switch to allow fill information to be transmitted during such times. When user information is required for transmission, the controller toggles the switch such that the user information is transmitted.
  • a transmitter for conveying information in a communication system includes means for generating a predetermined pattern to produce fill information and means for determining when user information is not required for transmission.
  • the transmitter further includes means for controlling the transmitter such that the fill information is transmitted when the user information is not required.
  • the predetermined pattern represents a narrowband transmission at a predetermined carrier frequency.
  • the means for determining when user information is not required for transmission further includes means for determining when user information is not required for transmission based on frame data rate information.
  • the frame data rate information is generated based on either speech information or data information.
  • the means for controlling the transmitter further includes means for controlling a switch to toggle between the fill information and the user information.
  • the fill information and the user information are each at a baseband frequency.
  • a method of conveying information in a communication system is also disclosed, and includes the steps of transmitting user information during a portion of time of a predetermined time period and transmitting fill information during the remainder of time of the predetermined time period.
  • the step of transmitting fill information further comprises the step of transmitting a signal at a mobile station which is easily removed by a receiver at a base- station, where the signal which is easily removed by a receiver at a base-station further comprises an unmodulated carrier.
  • the step of transmitting fill information during the remainder of time of the predetermined time period is enabled either at a mobile station or a base-station and the step of transmitting fill information during the remainder of time of the predetermined time period further comprises transmitting fill information during idle power control groups in a code-division multiple access (CDMA) communication system or transmitting fill information during idle time slots in a time-division multiple access (TDMA) communication system.
  • CDMA code-division multiple access
  • TDMA time-division multiple access
  • a communication system for conveying information comprising a transmitter which itself comprises means for generating a predetermined pattern to produce fill information and means for determining when user information is not required for transmission. Again, a means for controlling controls the transmitter such that the fill information is transmitted when the user information is not required.
  • the communication system further comprises a receiver comprising which includes a means for receiving the user information when the user information and the fill information for a plurality of users and a means for filtering the fill information prior to demodulation.
  • the transmitter resides in a mobile station and the receiver resides in a base-station.
  • the means for controlling the transmitter such that the fill information is transmitted when the user information is not required is enabled by either a user of the mobile station or by a base-station as a service option.
  • Data representing the service option control for enabling the capability for a particular subscriber is stored in a database coupled to the base-station.
  • FIG. 1 generally depicts a block diagram of a prior art mobile station transmitter compatible with IS-95A.
  • the block diagram of FIG. 1 is taken from IS-95A, specifically Figure 6.1.3.1-2 "Reverse CDMA Channel Structure" and the operation of each of the blocks is generally explained in ⁇ 6.1.3.1.
  • TIA/EIA/IS-95-A Mobile Station-Base Station Compatibility Standard for Dual Mode Wideband Spread Spectrum Cellular System, July 1993.
  • ⁇ 6.1.3.1.7 variable data rate transmission describes the implementation and operation of variable rate transmission in the IS-95A system.
  • FIG. 2 generally depicts a resulting 20 millisecond (ms) frame of information resulting from a variable rate transmission in an IS- 95A compatible communication system.
  • the frame timing diagram of FIG. 2 is also taken from IS-95A, specifically Figure 6.1.3.1.7.1-1 "Reverse CDMA Channel Variable Data Rate Transmission Example.”
  • frame 203 is transmitted at 9600 bits per second (bps) which represents a full rate frame in IS-95A.
  • Frame 206 has half as much information transmitted therein, and is thus called a 1/2 rate frame of information in IS-95A.
  • Frames 209 and 212 transmit 1/4 of the information and 1/8 of the information respectively when compared to the full rate frame 203, and are thus accordingly labeled 1/4 rate frame and 1/8 rate frame, respectively, in IS-95A.
  • each power control group Q?CG) 0-15 contains information to be transmitted, thus the transmitter during a full rate transmission is never gated off.
  • the transmitter of the mobile station is gated off when no information is present. For example, during PCGs 1, 3-4, 7-8, 10 and 13-14 of each frame, no information is present thus the transmitter must be in the off state. However, during those PCGs where information is present (the shaded area of FIG. 2), the transmitter is gated on such that the information is transmitted during that PCG.
  • the intermittent gating of the transmitter of the mobile station is what causes the "hearing aid problem" as described above.
  • FIG. 3 generally depicts a block diagram of a mobile station which eliminates the effects of pulsing in accordance with the invention.
  • the block diagram of the mobile station shown in FIG. 1 is modified to include a controller 303 which is coupled to switches 309 via a control signal 312.
  • the controller 303 has as input frame data rate information and Long Code Generator information (from the Long Code Generator 123) which are each also input into the data burst randomizer 120.
  • the controller 303 determines which PCGs require information and which do not, and controls the switches 309 accordingly via the control signal 312.
  • a pattern generator 306 outputs a predetermined pattern so that the previously idle PCGs now have "dummy" information transmitted therein.
  • the controller 303 determines which PCGs will be idle during the rate 1/2, 1/4 and 1/8 data transmissions. After this determination, the controller 303 outputs the control signal 312 to control the switches 309 such that the pattern generator outputs the "dummy" pattern during the idle time slots. When control signal 312 is toggled, representing that the PCG is not idle and requires user information therein, the switches 309 are toggled back such that the I and Q inputs are transmitted during the appropriate PCG.
  • control signal 312 is toggled, representing that the PCG is not idle and requires user information therein, the switches 309 are toggled back such that the I and Q inputs are transmitted during the appropriate PCG.
  • FIG. 4 generally depicts the resulting frames of information after implementing transmitter pulsing elimination in accordance with the invention.
  • the frame 403 is exactly the same as the frame 203 shown for the full rate frame.
  • the rate 1 /2 frame 406, the rate 1/4 frame 409 and the rate 1/8 frame 412 have a signal filled into the PCGs which were once idle in accordance with the invention.
  • the signal which fills the PCGs in frames 406, 409 and 412 is output from the pattern generator 306 as described above.
  • the switching between the "dummy" information and the user information for the PCGs is likewise described above in accordance with the invention.
  • the pattern generated by the pattern generator 306 are a constant value and are input into each branch I and Q. This results in an unmodulated carrier at f c being transmitted during the previously idle PCGs.
  • the transmitted data spectrum is centered at some carrier frequency fc and has a bandwidth of approximately 1.25 MHz.
  • This typical transmission in the IS-95A compatible CDMA communication system is shown in FIG. 5 as transmission 503.
  • FIG. 5 Also shown in FIG. 5 (in dotted line form) is the narrow unmodulated carrier transmission 506 resulting from the pattern generated by the pattern generator 306 of another user.
  • the key characteristic of the narrow unmodulated carrier transmission 506 is that the signal used to fill previously idle PCGs is easy to remove at the receiver of a base-station and thus does not add much complexity thereto. Also important to note is that FIG. 5 is not drawn to scale. As the narrow unmodulated carrier transmission 506 spectrum is tiny relative to the overall CDMA transmission
  • the narrow unmodulated carrier transmission 506 can be easily filtered at a CDMA receiver with permanent filtering without any loss of information occurring from the normal data transmissions.
  • FIG. 6 generally depicts an alternate embodiment of narrow band transmissions in accordance with the invention. As shown in FIG. 6, transmissions 601-602 are shown as being transmitted ⁇ x frequency offset away from the carrier frequency fc- In this implementation, the CDMA receiver which receives the wideband transmission (shown as 503 in FIG. 5) need not have any additional notch filtering circuitry since the narrowband transmissions in this implementation are outside of the 1.25 MHz bandwidth of the signal 503.
  • the narrowband transmission could likewise be some ⁇ y frequency offset away from the carrier frequency fc, where ⁇ y corresponds to an offset where a portion of frequency spectrum is unused and thus available to accept the narrowband transmission.
  • pulsing transmitting waveforms are eliminated in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 7 generally depicts a block diagram of a receiver implemented in a base-station capable of receiving and processing the multi-user signals of FIG. 5 in accordance with the invention.
  • a receiver 700 for a predetermined sector of coverage (Secto ⁇ ) is shown in FIG. 7.
  • Signals 503 and 506 are shown entering an antenna 703 which provides the signals 503 and
  • the bandpass filter /receiver front-end 706 includes a bandpass filter centered at fc and having a pass-band of approximately 1.25 MHz.
  • the receiver front-end portion of block 706 includes functions of automatic gain control (AGC), radio- frequency (RF) to intermediate frequency (IF) mixing, IF to baseband mixing, I and Q demodulation, etc. as is well known in the art.
  • AGC automatic gain control
  • RF radio- frequency
  • IF intermediate frequency
  • I and Q demodulation etc.
  • Output from the bandpass filter /receiver front-end 706 are the signals 503 and 506 in the form of I and Q signals which each enter Analog-to-Digital (A/D) converters 709.
  • the A/D converter 709 convert the signals 503 and 506 in the form of I and Q signals from an analog form to a digital representation.
  • the output of the A/D converters 709 are each input into high pass filters 712 to effectively filter out the narrowband transmission signal 506.
  • the high pass filters 712 are digital filters. The effect of these filters is to create a notch at frequency f .
  • the cutoff frequency of the high pass filters 712 determines the bandwidth of the effective notch filter and is adjusted to be adequate for clock frequency tolerance and Doppler shifts which are characteristic of mobile signal transmission, preferably about 300 Hz.
  • the output of the filter 712 are input into a multi-branch receiver with speech processing block 715 which is well known in the art.
  • the output of the block 715 is input into a deinterleaver/ decoder (not shown) which essentially undoes the interleaving and encoding performed at the mobile station of FIG. 3.
  • each mobile station can be provided a "hearing aid" button which, when activated, implements the feature.
  • the "hearing aid” button is inactive, it can be assumed that the user of the mobile station does not use a hearing aid and thus transmitter pulsing as shown in the prior art (FIG. 1 and FIG. 2) is implemented. This allows for battery savings for the user since the transmitter is used only as needed.
  • the feature of transmitter pulsing elimination in the mobile station in accordance with the invention can be controlled by the base-station side (infrastructure) as a service option negotiation by way of exchanging appropriate control messages.
  • the base-station side infrastructure
  • the user's requirement to implement transmitter pulsing elimination in the mobile station in accordance with the invention is stored at a central database accessible by each base-station in the system.
  • the base- station serving the user queries the central database, determines the user subscribes to such a feature, and activates the feature via the particular wireless air interface (CDMA/TDMA) when the mobile station registers with the communication system.
  • CDMA/TDMA wireless air interface

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Communication Control (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une unité de commande (303) qui détermine quand les informations utilisateur ne sont pas nécessaires à une émission et qui bascule un commutateur (309) en vue de permettre l'émission d'informations de remplissage au cours de ces périodes. Lorsque les informations utilisateur sont nécessaires à l'émission, l'unité de commande bascule le commutateur afin que les informations utilisateur soient émises. En remplissant au cours de l'émission les intervalles de temps qui, autrement, seraient inutilisés, on supprime l'émission des impulsions par l'émetteur, et les effets négatifs qui y sont associés, tout en conservant les avantages d'un émetteur à impulsions.
PCT/US1998/003651 1997-03-11 1998-02-25 Dispositif et procede permettant d'acheminer des informations dans un systeme de communication Ceased WO1998041030A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US81545097A 1997-03-11 1997-03-11
US08/815,450 1997-03-11

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WO1998041030A2 true WO1998041030A2 (fr) 1998-09-17
WO1998041030A3 WO1998041030A3 (fr) 1998-12-23

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9344817B2 (en) 2000-01-20 2016-05-17 Starkey Laboratories, Inc. Hearing aid systems

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4470140A (en) * 1980-09-30 1984-09-04 Coffey Dennis K Distributed switching network
US5383219A (en) * 1993-11-22 1995-01-17 Qualcomm Incorporated Fast forward link power control in a code division multiple access system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9344817B2 (en) 2000-01-20 2016-05-17 Starkey Laboratories, Inc. Hearing aid systems
US9357317B2 (en) 2000-01-20 2016-05-31 Starkey Laboratories, Inc. Hearing aid systems

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Publication number Publication date
WO1998041030A3 (fr) 1998-12-23

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