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WO1997036140A1 - Procede et appareil pour secher des solides granulaires a ecoulement fluide - Google Patents

Procede et appareil pour secher des solides granulaires a ecoulement fluide Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1997036140A1
WO1997036140A1 PCT/DK1997/000122 DK9700122W WO9736140A1 WO 1997036140 A1 WO1997036140 A1 WO 1997036140A1 DK 9700122 W DK9700122 W DK 9700122W WO 9736140 A1 WO9736140 A1 WO 9736140A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cavity
magnetrons
electromagnetic waves
inlet
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DK1997/000122
Other languages
Danish (da)
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Kier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KIER MICROWAVE
Original Assignee
KIER MICROWAVE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KIER MICROWAVE filed Critical KIER MICROWAVE
Priority to EP97914173A priority Critical patent/EP0900353A1/fr
Priority to AU21525/97A priority patent/AU2152597A/en
Publication of WO1997036140A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997036140A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/32—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action
    • F26B3/34—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects
    • F26B3/343—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects in combination with convection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/18—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotating helical blades or other rotary conveyors which may be heated moving materials in stationary chambers, e.g. troughs
    • F26B17/20—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotating helical blades or other rotary conveyors which may be heated moving materials in stationary chambers, e.g. troughs the axis of rotation being horizontal or slightly inclined

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for the drying of free-flowing granular solids, such as grain, seeds, and sawdust, whereby the solids are conveyed from a feed bin via an inlet to a cavity, and thence to an outlet from the cavity to discharge into a discharge bin, and wherein electromagnetic waves are generated by at least one magnetron and directed into the cavity, and wherein Lhe magnetrons are cooled by causing a cooling medium to pass through the magnetron.
  • free-flowing granular solids such as grain, seeds, and sawdust
  • the invention is further concerned with an apparatus operated according to the method.
  • US Patent 4,347,670 discloses an apparatus for drying a granular product.
  • the apparatus comprises a drying vessel with a central unit consisting of a magnetron, a waveguide, and two drying columns disposed around the central unit.
  • the drying columns are intended to direct the granular from an upper part to a lower part of the drying vessel while the product is subjected to electromagnetic waves.
  • the drying columns may be equipped with spiral vanes to ensure that the product is uniformly exposed to electromagnetic radiation.
  • a control rotor at the bottom end of each drying column controls the residence time of the granular product in the drying columns.
  • this apparatus has a number of drawbacks.
  • the capacity of the apparatus is limited inasmuch as it includes only one magnetron, and this magnetron has to effect the drying of product in both drying columns. This implies that a limited quantity of granular product can be dried in a given time, thus limiting the capacity of the apparatus.
  • Cooling of the magnetron, the waveguide, and the tubular window is effected by means of a fan which draws air first into a cavity formed by the tubular window, then past the waveguides, and then past the magnetron. Because of this indirect cooling of the waveguide-radiators and the magnetron, adequate cooling is not assured, a circumstance which can result in breakdowns.
  • drying by means of this apparatus requires the setting up of an additional step in association with the conveying of the product between different processing steps of the product, such as from a filling step to a storage step.
  • German patent DE 42.31.897 discloses a method for the thermal treatment of a product, preferably granular solids, by microwaves combined with convection.
  • the product is fed through an inlet to a cavity and thence to an outlet from the cavity.
  • Electromagnetic radiation is generated by magnetrons and directed into the cavity.
  • a gas flow is directed past the magnetrons, where it takes up the heat formed in the generation of the microwaves. From there the gas is conducted into a zone ahead of the microwave radiation, where thermal treatment of the product takes place.
  • the vessel of the apparatus can give rise to standing waves resulting in non-uniform exposure to radiation.
  • the product which is carried on a belt conveyor, undergoes no mixing, which again results in non-uniform radiation exposure.
  • the gas flow passing through the vessel has a tendency to bypass the product, particularly through thin layers and less moist regions, another major problem which is generally known in air dryers, particularly flat dryers, and which results in uneven drying of the product.
  • German patent DE 39.07.248 discloses an apparatus for the drying of granular solids by microwave radiation.
  • the apparatus comprises a vessel having walls which form a cavity.
  • the vessel is equipped with an inlet and an outlet and with a mixing/conveying means extending from the inlet to the outlet. Adjacent to the walls of the vessel there is at least one magnetron, so arranged that electromagnetic radiation can be directed into the cavity.
  • the vessel of the apparatus can give rise to standing waves, resulting in local exposure and local non-exposure to radiation.
  • the mixing/conveying means has no positive conveying motion from the inlet to the outlet, with the result that some product resides longer in the vessel than other product, causing uneven drying.
  • the gas flow through the vessel has a tendency to bypass the product, particularly through the upper part of the vessel where there is no product, and this necessarily reduces the thermal effect.
  • an apparatus for the drying of granular solids, such as grain, seeds and sawdust such apparatus to comprise a vessel having walls which form a cavity with an inlet and an outlet, a conveyor means extending from the inlet to the outlet, and at least one magnetron arranged adjacent to the vessel wall in such a way that electromagnetic waves can be directed into the cavity;
  • the characteristic feature of the apparatus according to the invention being that a housing is arranged around the magnetron(s) and that a cooling device is provided adjacent to the housing and arranged so that cooling medium can flow from the cooling device to the magnetrons and thence into the cavity at a point where electromagnetic waves are generated.
  • Directing the magnetron cooling air into the cavity where the granular product is heated by the electromagnetic waves achieves the end that the heated cooling air contributes to producing a rapid heating of the granular product while at the same time ensuring effective through circulation, thus promptly carrying off the moisture liberated from the granular product by heating thereof, which altogether results in particularly rapid drying with high efficiency.
  • a preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the invention is characterised in that the cavity is located inside a cylinder, that the conveyor means is a screw disposed along a core shaft extending through the cylinder, that the magnetrons are located immediately adjacent to the cylinder, that the housing extends from an outer end as far as the cooling means, partially surrounds the cylinder and covers the magnetrons, and that the cooling means is designed to direct cooling medium from the outer end of the housing to the cooling means.
  • an exactly calculated cavity can be formed which acts as a rotating waveguide for electromagnetic waves, whereby the problem of standing waves does not arise.
  • the rotation of the screw causes effective mixing of the granular product whereby the moisture from the product is easily given up to the introduced cooling medium.
  • the mixing further ensures that the product is subjected to uniform, controllable heating, which is of great importance particularly for e.g. the germination capacity of grain.
  • the cooling device may consist of a first fan arranged between the inlet to the cavity and the magnetron or the first magnetron, and the housing may be provided with air slits for the entry of fresh air.
  • the magnetron cooling air By introducing the magnetron cooling air into the screw after the inlet and directed downstream along the conveying path, excellent and uniform air circulation through the product is obtained during the entire heating cycle until it reaches the outlet.
  • the apparatus may appropriately be designed as described in claim 5.
  • the vaned rotor which serves as a reflector for air and for electromagnetic waves may if desired also be used for measuring of the product.
  • the apparatus according to the invention as described in claim 6 one can eliminate the reflection of electromagnetic waves out of the cavity, whereby the electromagnetic energy is transferred to the product alone.
  • the waveguides are suitably arranged so that the centre of the electromagnetic waves is directed towards the centre of gravity of the granular product and propagates over the entire length of the screw conveyor.
  • a housing is arranged around the magnetrons for safety shielding and also to permit the cooling of the magnetrons. Cooling ducts are fitted inside the housing to direct the cooling air through the magnetrons and then to an inlet to the cavity.
  • the system is designed on the basis of the material constants of the product and to obtain the most appropriate and optimal efficiency of the electromagnetic waves accordingly.
  • the apparatus of the invention possesses therfurther advantage that it is not necessary to set up additional steps in association with the drying of the product, because drying takes place in conjunction with the conveying of the product between various other process steps such as feeding and discharge.
  • the apparatus is further characterised by using, for preference, traditional equipment for the conveying of product, such traditional conveying equipment being modified to accommodate the drying of the product by means of electromagnetic waves. However, said modification is effected so that the conveying of the product between other process steps is not slowed down.
  • the apparatus is further characterised in that it is quiet, economical of energy, and mobile.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention for operation by the method of the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of a conveyor and a preferred arrangement of magnetrons, housing, and waveguides,
  • Fig. 3 is a representation of a preferred embodiment of a waveguide
  • Fig. 4 is a representation of a preferred embodiment of a discharge pipe and/or a feed pipe
  • Fig. 5 is a representation of another embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention, equipped with a vaned rotor.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a preferred embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention.
  • the apparatus is well suited to operation by the method of the invention.
  • the apparatus comprises a feed bin 1 , a conveyor 2, and a discharge bin 3.
  • the conveyor 2 is provided with a housing 4 partially surrounding the conveyor 2.
  • Magnetrons 5 are arranged adjacent to the conveyor and under the housing.
  • a first fan 6 is mounted between a feed pipe 13 and the magnetrons 5.
  • a second fan 7 is mounted above the discharge bin 3.
  • the feed bin 1 is provided with a funnel-shaped bottom 10.
  • a feed pipe 13 is arranged between the feed bin 1 and an inlet 12 to the conveyor 2.
  • the discharge bin 3 is likewise provided with a funnel-shaped bottom 14 having perforations 15.
  • a discharge pipe is arranged between an outlet 16 from the conveyor 2 and the discharge bin 3.
  • Granular product 20 to be dried is fed from the feed bin 1 through the feed pipe 13 to the inlet 12 into the conveyor 2.
  • the product 20 is conveyed by the conveyor 2 from the inlet 12 to the outlet 16.
  • the product is subjected to electromagnetic waves and dried thereby.
  • the electromagnetic waves are generated by the magnetrons 5.
  • the product 20 is fed from the outlet 16 through the discharge pipe 17 to the discharge bin 3.
  • the air drawn into the housing through the air slits 21 is directed through the magnetrons 5 and then to an air inlet 23 of the conveyor 2.
  • a cooling of the magnetrons 5 and, subsequently, a thermal treatment of the granular product 20 and a circulation of moist air through the granular product 20 in the conveyor thus serves both to cool the magnetrons 5 and to dry the granular product 20 and for air circulation.
  • the drying of the granular product 20 is effected by a combination of electromagnetic waves generated by the magnetrons 5 and an air circulation system driven by the fan 6.
  • Air is drawn through the funnel-shaped bottom 14 with perforations 15 by the fan 7, and moist air is drawn out of the discharge pipe 17, also by the fan 7.
  • the air thus cools the granular product 20 and removes steam from the drying of the granular product 20.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a preferred design of conveyor 2 in an apparatus according to the invention.
  • the conveyor 2 comprises a screw 25, such as an Archimedean screw, disposed along a core shaft 26 in a cylinder 27.
  • the cylinder, the core shaft and the screw flights form a cavity 28 which acts as a rotating waveguide.
  • the housing 4 is arranged to enclose half of the circumference of the cylinder 27.
  • Magnetrons 5 are arranged inside the housing 4 and a waveguide 30 is arranged on the cylinder 27.
  • a shield 29 of plastic which is transparent to electromagnetic waves and permits the electromagnetic waves to enter the cavity 28 but prevents the granular product from escaping from the cylinder 27 at this point.
  • the magnetron 5 is mounted on the waveguide 30.
  • the waveguide 30 is so shaped and arranged that the electromagnetic waves cannot be directed towards the shaft 26 and reflected therefrom back into the waveguide.
  • the window between the waveguide 30 and the cavity 28 is provided with an opening for the electromagnetic waves which is smaller than a cross-sectional area of the waveguide. This ensures that electromagnetic waves, after passing from the waveguide into the cavity, are not reflected back into the waveguide.
  • the screw 25 is provided with flights which are of a size to ensure that the electromagnetic waves are not impeded thereby and are of special importance for controlling the propagation of electromagnetic waves from the inlet 12 to the outlet 16.
  • the conveying of the granular product 20 produces a uniform distribution thereof around the screw 25 in the cavity 28 such that all of the product 20 is exposed to uniform electromagnetic radiation and uniform air circulation and thus attains the same degree of drying.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a preferred embodiment of a waveguide 30 for use in an apparatus according to the invention as illustrated in Fig. 2.
  • the waveguide has a trapezoidal cross-section when viewed in a direction parallel to the shaft 26 (see
  • a first surface 31 of the waveguide is designed to run parallel to a plane P j parallel to the shaft 26.
  • a second surface 32 is designed to run parallel to a plane P (see Fig. 2) also parallel to the shaft 26.
  • This design and arrangement of the waveguide 30 ensures that the electromagnetic waves do not strike and reflect off the shaft 26 back to the magnetron 5. It further ensures that the window between the waveguide and the cavity can be provided with an opening for electromagnetic waves which is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the waveguide.
  • the waveguide is reflected and rotated 180° so that the first surface is on the right and the second surface on the left in relation to the representation in the figure.
  • the waveguide 30 has a height of 34.5 mm and a square window with a width b of 80 mm.
  • the angle ⁇ between a lower flange 33 and the first surface 31 is 120'
  • the angle ⁇ between the lower flange 33 and the second surface 32 is 100 * .
  • the waveguide is made of steel.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a preferred embodiment of a discharge pipe 17 for an apparatus according to the invention.
  • the pipe 17 is of square section and is interiorly provided with sheet elements 34 extending parallel to a longitudinal axis A of the pipe 17.
  • the sheet elements 34 are designed to prevent electromagnetic waves from escaping from the discharge pipe 17.
  • the sheet elements 34 and the pipe 17 together form subsections 35 within the total cross-section L of the pipe.
  • the total area of the subsections 35 is approximately equal to the area A of the cross-section L of the pipe 17.
  • the capacity of the pipe 17 is thus not substantially changed by the sheet elements 34.
  • Fig. 5 shows a feed bin 1 which is connected via a feed pipe 13 to an inlet 12 to a conveyor 2, 27, wherefrom a discharge pipe 17 leads from an outlet 16 to a discharge bin 3.
  • the fan 6 is attached directly to the cylinder 27 in the vicinity of the lower end thereof.
  • a vaned rotor 40 is provided comprising reflectors for air and electromagnetic waves, which thus cannot escape through the feed pipe 13.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé, un appareil et une application dudit procédé pour le séchage de solides granulaires à écoulement fluide, tels que des grains, des graines ou de la sciure. Les solides sont acheminés dans la cavité depuis une entrée jusqu'à une sortie de la cavité. Lorsqu'ils passent de l'entrée à la sortie, les solides sont exposés à des ondes électromagnétiques générées par des magnétrons placés à proximité de la cavité et présentant un logement pour le milieu de refroidissement. Le milieu de refroidissement est envoyé en un point de la cavité en passant d'abord par les magnétrons, et sert au refroidissement des magnétrons et au séchage des solides.
PCT/DK1997/000122 1996-03-21 1997-03-20 Procede et appareil pour secher des solides granulaires a ecoulement fluide Ceased WO1997036140A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97914173A EP0900353A1 (fr) 1996-03-21 1997-03-20 Procede et appareil pour secher des solides granulaires a ecoulement fluide
AU21525/97A AU2152597A (en) 1996-03-21 1997-03-20 Method and apparatus for the drying of free-flowing granular solids

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK33296A DK172734B1 (da) 1996-03-21 1996-03-21 Apparat til tørring af et granulat
DK0332/96 1996-03-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997036140A1 true WO1997036140A1 (fr) 1997-10-02

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ID=8092347

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DK1997/000122 Ceased WO1997036140A1 (fr) 1996-03-21 1997-03-20 Procede et appareil pour secher des solides granulaires a ecoulement fluide

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0900353A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2152597A (fr)
DK (1) DK172734B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997036140A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005003664A1 (fr) * 2003-06-20 2005-01-13 Amut Spa Dispositif et procede permettant de chauffer et/ou de secher des materiaux en plastique
CN107738873A (zh) * 2017-09-27 2018-02-27 湖州吴兴升浪生态农业有限公司 一种农业种子输送烘干储存装置
CN113601754A (zh) * 2021-09-28 2021-11-05 南通市新科橡塑机械有限公司 一种上下散落式塑料颗粒烘干设备
JP2022526611A (ja) * 2019-04-05 2022-05-25 アルガイエル・ヴェルケ・ゲーエムベーハー 懸濁液または溶液を工業的に乾燥させるための装置、装置パッケージ、システム、および方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3907248A1 (de) * 1989-03-07 1990-09-13 Kirchhoff Gmbh F Muldentrockner fuer schuettgut, insbesondere asphaltgranulat
DE4231897A1 (de) * 1992-09-20 1994-03-24 Kraftwerk Schlammtechnologie U Verfahren zur kombinierten thermischen Behandlung eines Produktes durch Mikrowellen und Konvektion und Anlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3907248A1 (de) * 1989-03-07 1990-09-13 Kirchhoff Gmbh F Muldentrockner fuer schuettgut, insbesondere asphaltgranulat
DE4231897A1 (de) * 1992-09-20 1994-03-24 Kraftwerk Schlammtechnologie U Verfahren zur kombinierten thermischen Behandlung eines Produktes durch Mikrowellen und Konvektion und Anlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005003664A1 (fr) * 2003-06-20 2005-01-13 Amut Spa Dispositif et procede permettant de chauffer et/ou de secher des materiaux en plastique
CN107738873A (zh) * 2017-09-27 2018-02-27 湖州吴兴升浪生态农业有限公司 一种农业种子输送烘干储存装置
CN107738873B (zh) * 2017-09-27 2019-07-09 湖州吴兴升浪生态农业有限公司 一种农业种子输送烘干储存装置
JP2022526611A (ja) * 2019-04-05 2022-05-25 アルガイエル・ヴェルケ・ゲーエムベーハー 懸濁液または溶液を工業的に乾燥させるための装置、装置パッケージ、システム、および方法
CN113601754A (zh) * 2021-09-28 2021-11-05 南通市新科橡塑机械有限公司 一种上下散落式塑料颗粒烘干设备
CN113601754B (zh) * 2021-09-28 2021-12-03 南通市新科橡塑机械有限公司 一种上下散落式塑料颗粒烘干设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0900353A1 (fr) 1999-03-10
DK172734B1 (da) 1999-06-21
DK33296A (da) 1997-09-22
AU2152597A (en) 1997-10-17

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