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WO1997034365A1 - Systeme permettant de controler un moteur srm entre un mode de fonctionnement multiphase et un mode de fonctionnement a phase reduite - Google Patents

Systeme permettant de controler un moteur srm entre un mode de fonctionnement multiphase et un mode de fonctionnement a phase reduite Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997034365A1
WO1997034365A1 PCT/US1997/003963 US9703963W WO9734365A1 WO 1997034365 A1 WO1997034365 A1 WO 1997034365A1 US 9703963 W US9703963 W US 9703963W WO 9734365 A1 WO9734365 A1 WO 9734365A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
phase
mode
rotor
stator
signal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1997/003963
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Sergei F. Kolomeitsev
Scott E. Blackburn
Original Assignee
Dana Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US08/633,600 external-priority patent/US5861727A/en
Application filed by Dana Corporation filed Critical Dana Corporation
Priority to GB9820111A priority Critical patent/GB2327160B/en
Priority to DE19781648T priority patent/DE19781648T1/de
Publication of WO1997034365A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997034365A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P23/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control
    • H02P23/0004—Control strategies in general, e.g. linear type, e.g. P, PI, PID, using robust control
    • H02P23/0027—Control strategies in general, e.g. linear type, e.g. P, PI, PID, using robust control using different modes of control depending on a parameter, e.g. the speed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
    • H02P25/08—Reluctance motors

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to a system for cor.trolling a switched-reluctance (SR) motor, and more particularly, to u system for particularly controlling the operation of an SR motor between a multi-phase mode and a reduced phase operating mode.
  • SR switched-reluctance
  • stator phase When a stator phase is energized, the closest rotor pole pair is attracted towards the stator pole pair having the energized stator winding, thus minimizing the reluctance of the magnetic path.
  • stator windings i.e., machine phases
  • inductance of a stator winding associated with a stator pole pair varies as a function of rotor position.
  • rotor position sensing is an integral part of a closed-loop variable-reluctance motor drive system so as to appropriately control torque generation.
  • Such motors may be operated in a multi-phase mode of operation, which is desirable when a relatively large load is driven by the motor.
  • the motor may be operated for a period of time in a low load condition (e.g., no load, or lightly loaded--hereinafter a "Low Load Condition") .
  • a low load condition e.g., no load, or lightly loaded--hereinafter a "Low Load Condition”
  • Low Load Condition lightly loaded--hereinafter a "Low Load Condition”
  • Conventional control methods and devices have continued to operate the motor in a multi-phase mode in this low load condition (i.e., all of the machine phases being sequentially energized to effect rotor rotation) . This mode of operation, however, is less than optimally efficient.
  • This invention relates to an improved structure for an electric motor which is responsive to the operating conditions for selectively reducing the amount of electrical current supplied to the stator windings in order to conserve power consumption in low-load or no-load conditions.
  • the motor includes a hollow stator having a plurality of radially inwardly extending stator poles.
  • a rotor having a plurality of radially outwardly extending rotor poles is supported for rotation relative to the stator.
  • a winding of an electrical conductor is provided about each of the stator poles so as to provide a plurality of sequentially energized phases.
  • the windings are provided as a plurality of opposed pairs on the stator poles, wherein each of the opposed pairs of the stator windings constitutes one phase for the operation of the motor.
  • a current pulse generating circuit or similar structure both the stator and the rotor are magnetized to cause rotation of the rotor relative to the stator.
  • a phase control circuit generates a phase control signal to the current pulse generating circuit to control the mode of operation thereof.
  • the phase control signal is provided to selectively operate the current pulse generating circuit in either a single phase mode, wherein pulses of electrical current are fed only to one of the phases of the stator windings, or a multiple phase mode, wherein pulses of electrical current are fed sequentially to all of the phases of the stator windings.
  • the phase control signal is responsive to an operating condition of the motor, such as phase current, torque load, rotor speed, and the like for selectively generating the phase control signal.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of a portion of a variable reluctance electric motor in accordance with this invention.
  • Figure 2 is a sectional elevational view of the variable reluctance electric motor illustrated in Fig. 1 shown assembled, together with schematically illustrated portions of two of the opposed stator windings which constitute one phase for operating the motor.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic block diagram of all of the stator windings of the variable reluctance electric motor illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 shown connected to a first embodiment of an electronic control circuit in accordance with this invention.
  • Figure 4 is a graph which illustrates the operation of the first embodiment of the electronic control circuit illustrated in Fig. 3.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic block diagram of all of the stator windings of the variable reluctance electric motor illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 shown connected to a second embodiment of an electronic control circuit in accordance with this invention.
  • Figure 6 is an exploded, perspective view of a portion of a switched reluctance electric motor suitable for use in connection with a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a simplified, rotor speed-versus-phase current diagram view illustrating a reduced phase (single phase) mode, and multi-phase mode current reference traces as a function of rotor speed.
  • FIG. 9 is a simplified, block and schematic diagram view showing a third control apparatus embodiment in accordance with the present invention illustrating, particularly, a selected machine phase to be selectively operated in both the multi-phase mode, and the reduced phase (single-phase) mode, while non-selected machine phases being enabled/disabled according to a mode signal.
  • Figure 11A is a simplified, speed-versus-voltage graph of the speed signal V A generated by the speed signal generating circuit shown in Figure 10.
  • Figure 11B is a simplified, speed-versus-voltage graph illustrating the reduced phase (single-phase) current reference signal, and the multi-phase current reference signal, both displaced relative to an inverted version of the graph of the speed signal shown in Figure 11A.
  • the motor 10 includes a stator 11 which is generally hollow and cylindrical in shape.
  • a plurality of radially inwardly extending poles, indicated generally at 12, are formed on the stator 11 and extend longitudinally throughout the length thereof.
  • the stator poles 12 are preferably provided in opposed pairs, such as shown in Fig. 2 at Al and A2, Bl and B2, Cl and C2, and Dl and D2.
  • eight stator poles 12 are provided on the illustrated stator 11.
  • Each of the rotor poles 14 is generally rectangular in cross sectional shape.
  • the radially outermost surfaces of the rotor poles 14 are slightly curved so as to define an outer diameter.
  • the rotor poles 14 may also be formed having any desired cross sectional shape.
  • the outer diameter defined by the rotor poles 14 is preferably only slightly smaller than the inner diameter defined by the stator poles 12.
  • a small radial gap is defined between the inner ends of the stator poles 12 and the outer ends of the rotor poles 14 when they are radially aligned, such as shown in Fig. 2 with the poles Al and XI and with the opposed poles A2 and X2.
  • stator poles Bl and B2 are
  • pulses of electrical current may be fed only to the stator windings 20 and 21 provided on the stator pole pairs Al and A2, and no current pulses are fed to the other stator windings 22 through 27 provided on the other stator pole pairs Bl and B2 , Cl and C2, and Dl and D2.
  • the current pulse generating circuit 33 is operated in the multiple phase mode, pulses of electrical current are fed sequentially to all of the opposed pairs of stator windings 20 through 27 as described above.
  • phase control signal generated by the phase control circuit 33 is controlled in response to an operating condition of the motor 10.
  • the phase control signal generated by the phase control circuit 33 is controlled in response to the magnitude of the electrical current being passed through one of the opposed pairs of stator windings.
  • a conventional current sensor 34 is provided.
  • the current sensor 34 is responsive to the electrical current being fed through the pair of stator windings 20 and 21 provided on the stator pole pairs Al and A2 for generating a signal which is representative of the magnitude thereof. It will be appreciated, however, that the current sensor 34 may be responsive to the electrical current being fed through any one (or more than one) of the other pairs of the stator windings 22 through 27 for generating the current magnitude signal.
  • the current pulse generating circuit 31 will be operated in the single phase mode, wherein pulses of electrical current are fed only to one of the opposed pairs of stator windings (such as the stator windings 20 and 21, for example) for single phase operation as described above.
  • Fig. 4 graphically illustrates the mode of operation of the motor 10 as described above.
  • the magnitude of the electrical current being passed through the stator windings 20 through 27 is related to the magnitude of the torque being generated by the motor 10. This relationship is valid when, for example, the motor 10 is being operated at a constant speed. As additional loads are placed upon the motor 10, additional torque is required to be generated to maintain the constant speed. This additional torque is provided by increasing the magnitude of the electrical current supplied to the stator windings 20 through 27.
  • the predetermined reference level is identified as I LOW I ⁇ AD , which is representative of the magnitude of electrical current required to maintain the constant speed of the rotor 13 when there is only a small load is placed thereon.
  • Single phase operation of the motor 10 in this manner is also desirable because it reduces the number of commutations of the motor 10. This is significant because it reduces the amount of acoustic noise which would otherwise be generated when the motor 10 is operated in this condition.
  • single phase operation of the motor 10 can result in a relatively high amount of torque ripple.
  • the mechanical inertia of the rotor 13 is sufficiently large as to minimize the adverse effects of the torque ripple.
  • FIG. 5 there is illustrated a schematic block diagram which shows the stator windings 20 through 27 connected to a second embodiment of an electronic control circuit, indicated generally at 40, in accordance with this invention.
  • the electronic control circuit 40 also includes a current pulse generating circuit 41 which is adapted to selectively generate pulses of electrical current through each of the pairs of stator windings 20 through 27 in the general manner described above so as to cause the rotor 13 to rotate relative to the stator 11.
  • the electronic control circuit 40 may also include a sensor 42 for generating an electrical signal to the current pulse generating circuit 41 which is representative of the rotational position of the rotor 13 relative to the stator 11.
  • the rotor speed sensor 44 is intended to encompass any means for generating a signal which is representative of the rotational speed of the rotor
  • the current pulse generating circuit 41 will be operated in the single phase mode, wherein pulses of electrical current are fed only to one of the opposed pairs of stator windings (such as the stator windings 20 and 21, for example) for single phase operation as described above.
  • Stator assembly 112 in a preferred, embodiment comprises a plurality of laminations 116.
  • the laminations 116 are formed using a magnetically permeable material, such as iron.
  • Each of the poles 118 may have a generally rectangular shape, when taken in cross-section.
  • the radially innermost surfaces of the poles 118 are slightly curved so as to define an inner diameter representing bore 120.
  • Bore 120 is adapted in size to receive rotor assembly 11 .
  • Rotor assembly 114 when assembled into stator 112 (see Figure 7) is coaxially supported within stator 112 for relative rotational movement by conventional means.
  • rotor assembly 114 may be supported by conventional bearings (not illustrated) mounted in conventional housings (not shown) secured to the longitudinal ends of stator assembly 112.
  • Rotor assembly 114 includes a generally cylindrical shaft 122, and rotor 124.
  • Shaft 122 may be hollow.
  • Rotor 124 is secured to shaft 122 for rotation therewith.
  • rotor 124 may be secured to shaft 122 by means of a spline (not shown) , or other conventional means well-known in the art.
  • shaft 122, and rotor 124 rotate together as a unit.
  • Figure 8 shows a hysteresis operating band employed by the present invention to eliminate undesirable "hunting" or "oscillation" between the reduced phase mode and the multi-phase mode.
  • two separate current control references are used for the energization of the stator windings associated with the selected machine phase; that is, a first reference is used for the single-phase (i.e., reduced phase) mode of operation, and a second reference for the multi-phase mode of operation.
  • the desired current through the selected machine phase is a function of speed, which is, in turn, a function of the load on the motor.
  • Figure 9 shows an apparatus 140 for controlling SR motor 110 to change operating modes between the single-phase operating mode, and the multi-phase operating mode.
  • Apparatus 140 includes a controller 142, and a plurality of drive circuits 144 ⁇ 144 2 , . . ., 144 N .
  • Controller 142 is responsive to a plurality of machine phase commutation signals n for generating a plurality of output current reference signals I re£1 , l ⁇ ei2 , • • • •/ I r e. m nd a MODE signal.
  • Each one of the output current reference signals I ref i / I ref2 , . . . , I re ⁇ n has associated therewith a magnitude corresponding to a desired current through the stator windings 128 ⁇ of the machine phase corresponding thereto.
  • the MODE signal has a first state indicative of the multi-phase mode of operation, and a second state indicative of the single-phase (i.e., reduced phase) mode of operation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

Appareil permettant de modifier les modes de fonctionnement d'un moteur SRM. Le moteur peut tourner en multiphasé comme en monophasé. Lorsque le moteur fonctionne en multiphasé, tous les bobinages d'induits sont alimentés, tandis que s'il fonctionne en monophasé, on alimente uniquement les bobinages qui correspondent à une phase unique. L'appareil inclut un circuit logique (146) permettant de surveiller la vitesse du moteur et un circuit comparateur (172) qui change les modes de fonctionnement du moteur. Les modes changent sur la base des niveaux de vitesse du moteur. Une plage de fonctionnement à hystérésis est prévue entre les différents niveaux de vitesse afin d'éviter un battement indésirable entre le multiphasé et le monophasé.
PCT/US1997/003963 1996-03-15 1997-03-13 Systeme permettant de controler un moteur srm entre un mode de fonctionnement multiphase et un mode de fonctionnement a phase reduite WO1997034365A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9820111A GB2327160B (en) 1996-03-15 1997-03-13 System for controlling operation of a switched reluctance motor between a multi-phase operating mode and a reduced phase operating mode
DE19781648T DE19781648T1 (de) 1996-03-15 1997-03-13 System zum Steuern des Betriebs eines Motors mit geschalteter Reluktanz zwischen einer Mehrphasen-Betriebsart und einer Betriebsart reduzierter Phase

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US61665896A 1996-03-15 1996-03-15
US08/616,658 1996-03-15
US08/633,600 US5861727A (en) 1996-04-17 1996-04-17 System for controlling operation of a switched reluctance motor between multi-phase operating mode and a reduced phase operating mode
US08/633,600 1996-04-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997034365A1 true WO1997034365A1 (fr) 1997-09-18

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1997/003963 WO1997034365A1 (fr) 1996-03-15 1997-03-13 Systeme permettant de controler un moteur srm entre un mode de fonctionnement multiphase et un mode de fonctionnement a phase reduite

Country Status (3)

Country Link
DE (1) DE19781648T1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2327160B (fr)
WO (1) WO1997034365A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013081875A1 (fr) * 2011-11-30 2013-06-06 Caterpillar Inc. Transition naturelle de machine à reluctance commutée entre un fonctionnement à régulation de courant et à impulsion unique

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4673849A (en) * 1986-10-10 1987-06-16 Allied Corporation Permanent magnet motor closed loop restarting system
US5084662A (en) * 1990-04-03 1992-01-28 Sunstrand Corporation Unipolar converter for variable reluctance machines
US5489831A (en) * 1993-09-16 1996-02-06 Honeywell Inc. Pulse width modulating motor controller
US5545963A (en) * 1993-04-01 1996-08-13 Canon Denshi Kabushiki Kaisha Seek method and apparatus

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3787727A (en) * 1972-12-27 1974-01-22 Ibm Stepper motor control
US4093905A (en) * 1976-06-01 1978-06-06 Teletype Corporation Stepping motor using extended drive pulses
US4282472A (en) * 1979-05-14 1981-08-04 Qwint Systems, Inc. Digital generation and control of variable phase-on motor energization
US4701687A (en) * 1985-07-30 1987-10-20 Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Controller for energization of a stepper motor

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4673849A (en) * 1986-10-10 1987-06-16 Allied Corporation Permanent magnet motor closed loop restarting system
US5084662A (en) * 1990-04-03 1992-01-28 Sunstrand Corporation Unipolar converter for variable reluctance machines
US5545963A (en) * 1993-04-01 1996-08-13 Canon Denshi Kabushiki Kaisha Seek method and apparatus
US5489831A (en) * 1993-09-16 1996-02-06 Honeywell Inc. Pulse width modulating motor controller

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013081875A1 (fr) * 2011-11-30 2013-06-06 Caterpillar Inc. Transition naturelle de machine à reluctance commutée entre un fonctionnement à régulation de courant et à impulsion unique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9820111D0 (en) 1998-11-11
GB2327160B (en) 2000-09-13
DE19781648T1 (de) 1999-04-01
GB2327160A (en) 1999-01-13

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