[go: up one dir, main page]

WO1997034278A1 - Modeles de dent - Google Patents

Modeles de dent Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1997034278A1
WO1997034278A1 PCT/AU1997/000148 AU9700148W WO9734278A1 WO 1997034278 A1 WO1997034278 A1 WO 1997034278A1 AU 9700148 W AU9700148 W AU 9700148W WO 9734278 A1 WO9734278 A1 WO 9734278A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
component
dental
tooth
simulate
bone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/AU1997/000148
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Frank Hunter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AU20873/97A priority Critical patent/AU2087397A/en
Publication of WO1997034278A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997034278A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
    • G09B23/283—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine for dentistry or oral hygiene

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to dental models and particularly to models adapted to demonstrate the various anatomical relationships that may exist between teeth and their supporting structures.
  • Teeth are supported in the mouth by their roots being attached to bony sockets through a supporting means comprising a network of periodontal fibres.
  • This supporting means is surrounded on the uppermost limits by the gingiva.
  • the entire supporting apparatus consists of tooth, root, cementum, bone, periosteum, periodontal fibres, connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves and gingival tissues.
  • This complex support apparatus which is attached to the tooth is collectively referred to as "the Periodontium”. Although many of these components are microscopic, collectively they form a definitive structure and anatomical relationship and are important in clinical health. During the very first stages of disease processes, any one of these relationships may change and the degree of disease present in this tissue may be reflected in the degree of change in this relationship.
  • Dental models are needed that are particularly useful in communicating and demonstrating to dentists, dental hygienists, dental auxiliaries, dental personnel, dental technicians, dental students, dental salespersons, dental patients and to general audiences the anatomical relationships of teeth and their supporting structures in both the state of clinical health and the various stages of periodontal disease.
  • Intervention commonly includes initial plaque removal (or prophylaxis), primary debridement (or scaling) and secondary debridement or root surface smoothing (root planing).
  • initial plaque removal or prophylaxis
  • primary debridement or scaling
  • secondary debridement or root surface smoothing root planing
  • aetiological factors include any surface roughness which tends to retain plaque at any site and includes dental calculus, defective restoration margins, root caries, root erosion, root damage and any surface resistance on the tooth or periodontal apparatus.
  • the dental models of the present invention are particularly suitable for demonstrating to dental workers, dental salespersons and to patients the anatomical relationship between tooth, bone and gingiva (and associated soft tissue).
  • the models are also useful to demonstrate the region of these components that are prone to dental disease.
  • the present invention consists in a dental model comprising a first component being substantially rigid and formed so as to simulate at least one tooth having a crown and root, and an element or elements adapted to simulate at least one aetiological factor in periodontal disease, the element or elements being positioned on or in the first component so as to simulate one or more factors causing dental disease.
  • the element or elements are adapted to simulate any one, any combination, or all of the aetiological factors selected from the group consisting of dental plaque, calculus, defective restoration margins and root surface roughness of any kind.
  • the dental model according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises a tooth component and an element or elements adapted to simulate at least one aetiological factor in periodontal disease being positioned on or in the tooth component so as to simulate its clinical existence and consistency.
  • Synthetic plaque comprises any single component or mix of materials such as silicone, wax, syrup, gelatine, gums, glues or gels of any kind or any other material representative of authentic dental plaque and applied on the tooth component of the dental models.
  • Synthetic dental calculus may be prepared from any single compound, particulate matter or any mix of materials representative of the varying degree of consistency that authentic dental calculus may clinically exist.
  • the materials suitable include materials derived from metallic, mineraline. organic, synthetic, chemical, plastic or resin bases, such as metal shavings, aluminium oxide, sand, silica, glass, quartz, plastic, acrylics, methylacrylates or any other such matter.
  • the particulate matter in an element in the form of synthetic calculus suitable for the dental models should range in size from 10 microns to 1000 microns, ideally having a 50-500 micron range.
  • the material is applied to the tooth component to represent the varying degrees of mineralisation found clinically in authentic dental calculus.
  • the ratio of dental plaque relative to that of calculus may vary in the clinical situation, the ratio mix of the synthetic substances may also vary on the tooth component to mimic the authentic situation.
  • the precise elements, consistency and choice of material will also vary on the dental model according to the aspect and purpose of the demonstration.
  • the model may be used to show the presence of these substances, to provide exercises in clinical detection, diagnostic determination, quantification and qualification, clinical assessment techniques, various treatment modalities and debridement procedures or any combination thereof.
  • the composition of the simulating material may consist of any sized particulate matter to more effectively represent the consistency, feel and form found in the vast ranges of authentic dental plaque and dental calculus.
  • the adhesive means of positioning synthetic plaque and/or calculus to teeth or periodontal tissue component of the present dental models may include any glue in a range of adhesive materials such as cyanoacrylate epoxy resins, gums, glues or gels of any kind.
  • the present dental model having a tooth component may also include material, in any position on or in the tooth component, which demonstrates the clinical presence or effect of a defective restoration margin. This may be over or under contoured and may include any catch, ledge or surface interference.
  • the material used may include dental restorative material such as amalgam, composite resin, glass ionomer, any cement, synthetic resin, metal, acrylic or any other material. Root Surface Roughness:
  • the root and crown surfaces of the tooth component of the model should preferably closely simulate that surface integrity of natural teeth.
  • enamel of the coronal portion
  • cementum or dentine of the radicular portion
  • various degrees of tooth surface roughness which may exist on the tooth component of dental models may be provided in the form of dental caries, root caries, root erosion, mechanical damage and general alteration from that of natural, clean, healthy teeth.
  • These roughness phenomena can be applied by use of mechanical means such as applying any abrasive material including sandpaper, particle blasting, drills, burrs, knives, files or using any other utensil.
  • Any chemical means such as etching, gluing, or other treatments and any biological means that may also be used.
  • the present invention consists in a dental model comprising two components, a first component being substantially rigid and formed so as to simulate at least one tooth having a crown and root, and a second component being substantially rigid or semi-rigid formed so as to simulate bone, wherein the second component has a recess adapted to accommodate the first component via the root.
  • the present invention consists in a dental model comprising three components, a first component being substantially rigid and formed so as to simulate at least one tooth having a crown and root, a second component being substantially rigid or semi-rigid formed so as to simulate bone, and a third component being formed so as to simulate gingiva and associated soft tissue, wherein the second component having a recess adapted to accommodate the first component via the root and the third component having a recess to accommodate the second component in a position simulating the respective positioning of tooth, bone and gingiva and associated soft tissue in an animal.
  • the first component is formed so as to simulate a healthy tooth or teeth or comprises the dental model of the first aspect of the present invention wherein the tooth component includes at least one element simulating an aetiological factor in periodontal disease.
  • the second component of the model is a simulation of bone and in particular the bone tissue surrounding the tooth.
  • the second component may be in a rigid or semi-rigid form or be made in a combination of these two forms.
  • the second component is opaque, clear, translucent or any combination thereof so as to allow visualisation of the tooth component in the bone component.
  • the topographical contour of the uppermost bone height relative the tooth will vary on the models as it varies in the clinical situation relative to the state of health or the stage of disease present.
  • the component that simulates the gingiva and associated soft tissue is semi-transparent so as to allow the visualisation of the positioning of the tooth component and bone component within the gingiva component. More preferably, the component simulating gingiva and associated soft tissue has resiliency similar to authentic gingiva and associated soft tissue.
  • the three components may be separate and engageable, or be formed in a combination of one or more of the components.
  • the tooth and bone component may be formed together with the gingiva component separate and engageable with the other two components.
  • the dental models of the second and third aspects of the present invention may comprise one tooth within a bone segment having gingiva and associated soft tissue surrounding the tooth and bone or may comprise any number of teeth up to a full model comprising complete set of teeth, bone and gingiva and associated soft tissue.
  • the models may be formed to mimic a healthy situation or any diseased situation found in animals.
  • the dental models of the present invention are particularly useful in periodontics as they can be formed to mimic accurately the natural situation in animals.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a dental model according to the present invention in an assembled form
  • Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of a dental model according to the third aspect of the present invention
  • Figure 3(a) is a perspective view of a dental model according to the first aspect of the present invention showing positioning of examples of aetiological factors on a tooth;
  • Figure 3(b) is a perspective view of a dental model according to the second aspect of the present invention showing positioning of different bone heights and furcation lesions;
  • Figure 3(c) is a side view of a dental model according to the first aspect of the present invention showing positioning of further examples of aetiological factors on a single rooted tooth.
  • Modes for Carrying Out the Invention Figure 1 shows an assembled dental model (10) comprising a tooth component (11) having a crown (12) and root (13); a bone component (15) having a recess (16) therein and a gingiva component (17) having a recess (18) therein to accommodate the tooth and bone components (11, 15).
  • the dental models comprise three components that are engageable to form a complete model of tooth, bone and gingiva (Figure 2).
  • the tooth component (11) is locatable via the root (13) in the recess (16) of the bone component (15) and furthermore the bone component (without or without the tooth component) may be accommodated within the recess (18) of the gingiva component (17).
  • the tooth component (11) may also contain components to simulate aetiological factors of dental disease (14) ( Figures 3(a) and (c)). These components (14) may be located on the root
  • the bone component (15) may be in a form to simulate "healthy” bone or alternatively be in a form to simulate "diseased” bone to show the effects of dental decay and disease.
  • the gingiva component (17) may be in a form so as to simulate "healthy” gingiva or alternatively in a form to simulate "diseased” gingiva.
  • the topographical contour (19) of the uppermost bone height on the relative to the tooth may vaiy on the dental models as it varies in the clinical situation, relative to the state of health or the stage of disease present ( Figure 3(b)).
  • the bone height from the cemento-enamel junction on the tooth should measure from between 0-10 millimetres. Specific bone height pockets exist at least at 2, 4 and 6 millimetre depths from the cemento-enamel junction.
  • the bone component can be a creamy (bone) colour throughout, coloured only at the uppermost periphery (at, say, up to 1 mm deep) and be clear throughout so as to allow visualisation, or be totally clear throughout.
  • the material can be rigid, as in an acrylic, plastic or resin material, it can be semi-rigid, as in a silicone or resin material or it may exist in any combination of these forms. All variations are possible so as to represent the clinical features apparent in the mouth according to various types of tissue integrity. Since natural healthy teeth are supported in a rigid bony socket by a layer of softer periodontal fibres, one preferred embodiment is to have a layer of softer material, such as silicone or plastic laying between a rigid surface layer of the bone component and the tooth component.
  • this feature may be made continuous around the circumference of the tooth, or be localised at any site or number of sites around the tooth.
  • another embodiment does not have any intervening material between the bone component and the tooth component.
  • Another feature of the dental models is to demonstrate the phenomenon known as a "furcation" lesion. This is represented by a “tunnel” existing through the bony zone between the roots on a tooth with more than one root. This tunnel may be complete and thus continue from one side of the tooth right through and appear at another site on the same tooth. This is seen in “division III” lesions. Alternatively, the tunnel may be partial and thus finish in the area between the roots. This is seen in “division I and II' furcation lesions.
  • the gingiva component may be substantially rigid or of a resilient material which simulates the status of authentic clinical tissue.
  • the gingiva component may be either translucent or transparent to better visualise the underlying structures.
  • the gingiva component may be completely removable, partially removable, or attached in any way to the bone component.
  • the removable form has certain detail within it which corresponds to similar detail in the bone component of the dental model and so serve as a positive orientator when re-locating the gingiva component on the model. This locater detail can be in any male/female or positive/negative format that is appropriate.
  • the gingiva component may be made from any plastic, silicone, resin, polymer or any other material which simulates gingiva. It may be coloured or clear and lubricated or moist to simulate oral epithelium and gingiva.
  • the dental models may comprise one tooth having plaque retentive features or other features simulating aetiological factors of dental disease, or a tooth with surrounding gingival tissue and bone, or a tooth within a bone segment.
  • the model may comprise any number of teeth up to a full mouth model comprising a complete set of teeth, with any number exhibiting plaque retentive features, jaw bone and gingiva.
  • the models may be so formed as to mimic a healthy situation or any diseased state that may be found in humans or other animals.
  • the dental models so described are of particular use in periodontics.
  • the dental models have a further advantage that they allow the demonstration of general dental practices including detection, measurement and diagnostic methods using dental probes and also be used for demonstrating treatment of pathological states.
  • the dental models according to the first aspect of the present invention are particularly useful to demonstrate tools applicable for the diagnosis and treatment of dental calculus on teeth.
  • the dental models may be used to instruct dental practitioners including dentists, dental students, dental hygienists, dental technicians and the like in the emerging diagnostic and treatment procedures. Similarly, the models are particularly suitable for use by dental instrument salespersons to demonstrate new products and procedures to dental clients. Importantly, the dental models are particularly suitable for demonstrating to the uninformed public, either patients or health workers, the types and effects of periodontal disease relating to teeth, bone and gingiva and may be useful to assist in preventative care education.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Algebra (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Computational Mathematics (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Educational Administration (AREA)
  • Educational Technology (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Instructional Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention a trait à un modèle de dent comprenant trois constituants, le premier étant, dans une large mesure, rigide et configuré de manière à simuler à tout le moins une dent pourvue d'une couronne et d'une racine, le deuxième étant, dans une large mesure, rigide ou semi-rigide et configuré de manière à simuler l'os, le troisième étant, quant à lui, configuré de manière à simuler la gencive et le tissu mou associé. Le deuxième constituant comporte un évidement adapté pour recevoir le premier constituant par le biais de la racine et le troisième un évidement permettant de recevoir le deuxième dans une position simulant les positionnements respectifs de la dent, de l'os et de la gencive chez un animal.
PCT/AU1997/000148 1996-03-12 1997-03-11 Modeles de dent Ceased WO1997034278A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU20873/97A AU2087397A (en) 1996-03-12 1997-03-11 Dental models

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPN8635A AUPN863596A0 (en) 1996-03-12 1996-03-12 Dental models
AUPN8635 1996-03-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997034278A1 true WO1997034278A1 (fr) 1997-09-18

Family

ID=3792947

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1997/000148 Ceased WO1997034278A1 (fr) 1996-03-12 1997-03-11 Modeles de dent

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (2) AUPN863596A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997034278A1 (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1045363A1 (fr) * 1999-04-12 2000-10-18 Simonis Plastic Procédé de réalisation de dents artificielles imitant les dents naturelles et dents obtenues
WO2002064100A1 (fr) * 2001-02-14 2002-08-22 Claudio Ciminiello Resine epoxyde transparente pour la fabrication de modeles dentaires precis
WO2002064101A1 (fr) * 2001-02-14 2002-08-22 Claudio Ciminiello Resine coloree polyurethanne pour modeles dentaires precis
EP2796110A1 (fr) * 2013-04-23 2014-10-29 Credentis AG Dent artificielle pour modèle de caries
JP5991924B2 (ja) * 2010-12-09 2016-09-14 株式会社ニッシン 歯科訓練に用いられる歯牙模型及びその製造方法
WO2017037474A1 (fr) * 2015-09-04 2017-03-09 Mars, Incorporated Appareil de formation pour dentisterie vétérinaire
USD802775S1 (en) 2015-09-04 2017-11-14 Mars, Incorporated Canine and feline tooth sectioning model
RU196559U1 (ru) * 2019-08-20 2020-03-04 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский Государственный медицинский университет" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации Дентоальвеолярная модель для отработки мануальных навыков лечения заболеваний пародонта
ES2786849A1 (es) * 2019-04-12 2020-10-13 Fundacion Univ San Antonio Modelo para docencia en disciplinas odontologicas
JPWO2023187897A1 (fr) * 2022-03-28 2023-10-05
EP4365876A1 (fr) * 2022-11-02 2024-05-08 Ferton Holding S.A. Dispositif d'entraînement et utilisation d'un dispositif d'entraînement

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2005114A (en) * 1933-04-26 1935-06-18 Benjamin L Spitzer Dental model
US2750670A (en) * 1952-10-13 1956-06-19 Vigg John Dental model
US4435163A (en) * 1982-02-19 1984-03-06 Schmitt Oscar A Dental technique training device
US4770637A (en) * 1988-02-03 1988-09-13 Harrell Jr N Gladstone Dental educational device
US5120229A (en) * 1990-09-10 1992-06-09 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Dental teaching model

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2005114A (en) * 1933-04-26 1935-06-18 Benjamin L Spitzer Dental model
US2750670A (en) * 1952-10-13 1956-06-19 Vigg John Dental model
US4435163A (en) * 1982-02-19 1984-03-06 Schmitt Oscar A Dental technique training device
US4770637A (en) * 1988-02-03 1988-09-13 Harrell Jr N Gladstone Dental educational device
US5120229A (en) * 1990-09-10 1992-06-09 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Dental teaching model

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DERWENT ABSTRACT, Accession No. G4405X/29; & DE,A,2 461 735 (BORETZKY H), 8 July 1976. *

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1045363A1 (fr) * 1999-04-12 2000-10-18 Simonis Plastic Procédé de réalisation de dents artificielles imitant les dents naturelles et dents obtenues
BE1012605A5 (fr) * 1999-04-12 2001-01-09 Simonis Plastic S A Procede de realisation d'une dent artificielle imitant une dent naturelle.
US6293797B1 (en) 1999-04-12 2001-09-25 Simonis Plastics S.A. Process for producing artificial teeth imitating natural teeth and so-obtained teeth
WO2002064100A1 (fr) * 2001-02-14 2002-08-22 Claudio Ciminiello Resine epoxyde transparente pour la fabrication de modeles dentaires precis
WO2002064101A1 (fr) * 2001-02-14 2002-08-22 Claudio Ciminiello Resine coloree polyurethanne pour modeles dentaires precis
JP5991924B2 (ja) * 2010-12-09 2016-09-14 株式会社ニッシン 歯科訓練に用いられる歯牙模型及びその製造方法
EP2796110A1 (fr) * 2013-04-23 2014-10-29 Credentis AG Dent artificielle pour modèle de caries
USD805205S1 (en) 2015-09-04 2017-12-12 Mars, Incorporated Canine and feline tooth sectioning model
RU2727302C2 (ru) * 2015-09-04 2020-07-21 Марс, Инкорпорейтед Устройство для ветеринарной стоматологии
USD802774S1 (en) 2015-09-04 2017-11-14 Mars, Incorporated Canine and feline tooth sectioning model
USD802776S1 (en) 2015-09-04 2017-11-14 Mars, Incorporated Canine and feline tooth sectioning model
USD804672S1 (en) 2015-09-04 2017-12-05 Mars, Incorporated Canine and feline tooth sectioning model
WO2017037474A1 (fr) * 2015-09-04 2017-03-09 Mars, Incorporated Appareil de formation pour dentisterie vétérinaire
JP2018526111A (ja) * 2015-09-04 2018-09-13 マース インコーポレーテッドＭａｒｓ Ｉｎｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｅｄ 動物歯科訓練装置
USD839434S1 (en) 2015-09-04 2019-01-29 Mars, Incorporated Canine and feline tooth sectioning models
US11657732B2 (en) 2015-09-04 2023-05-23 Mars, Incorporated Animal dentistry training apparatus
USD802775S1 (en) 2015-09-04 2017-11-14 Mars, Incorporated Canine and feline tooth sectioning model
ES2786849A1 (es) * 2019-04-12 2020-10-13 Fundacion Univ San Antonio Modelo para docencia en disciplinas odontologicas
WO2020208284A1 (fr) * 2019-04-12 2020-10-15 Fundacion Universitaria San Antonio Modèle pour l'enseignement dans des disciplines odontologiques
EP3955235A4 (fr) * 2019-04-12 2022-12-28 Fundacion Universitaria San Antonio Modèle pour l'enseignement dans des disciplines odontologiques
RU196559U1 (ru) * 2019-08-20 2020-03-04 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский Государственный медицинский университет" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации Дентоальвеолярная модель для отработки мануальных навыков лечения заболеваний пародонта
JPWO2023187897A1 (fr) * 2022-03-28 2023-10-05
WO2023187897A1 (fr) * 2022-03-28 2023-10-05 株式会社ニッシン Modèle de dents
JP7710263B2 (ja) 2022-03-28 2025-07-18 株式会社ニッシン 歯牙模型
EP4365876A1 (fr) * 2022-11-02 2024-05-08 Ferton Holding S.A. Dispositif d'entraînement et utilisation d'un dispositif d'entraînement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2087397A (en) 1997-10-01
AUPN863596A0 (en) 1996-04-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Berkstein et al. Supragingival root surface removal during maintenance procedures utilizing an air‐powder abrasive system or hand scaling: An in vitro study
Rabbani et al. The effectiveness of subgingival scaling and root planing in calculus removal
Bower Furcation morphology relative to periodontal treatment: Furcation entrance architecture
Inokoshi et al. Opacity and color changes of tooth-colored restorative materials
Bower Furcation morphology relative to periodontal treatment: furcation root surface anatomy
Meyer et al. Root surface roughness in response to periodontal instrumentation studied by combined use of microroughness measurements and scanning electron microscopy
Rosenberg et al. The effect of root roughness on plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation
Pameijer Surface characteristics of teeth following periodontal instrumentation: a scanning electron microscope study
Dzakovich et al. In vitro reproduction of noncarious cervical lesions
Hunter et al. The effectiveness of hand versus ultrasonic instrumentation in open flap root planing
Alahmari et al. Effects of the cervical marginal relocation technique on the marginal adaptation of lithium disilicate CAD/CAM ceramic crowns on premolars
Sorensen et al. Improved color matching of metal ceramic restorations. Part II: Procedures for visual communication
WO1997034278A1 (fr) Modeles de dent
Baratieri et al. Posterior resin composite restorations: A new technique.
Levi Jr et al. Non-Surgical Control of Periodontal Diseases
Naumova et al. Marginal quality of ceramic inlays after three different instrumental cavity preparation methods of the proximal boxes
Faraoni-Romano et al. Effect of a 10% carbamide peroxide on wear resistance of enamel and dentine: in situ study
Terry et al. Selection defines design
CN113888943B (zh) 一种超清视野的病变牙标本及其的制备方法
Singh Essentials of Preclinical Conservative Dentistry 2/e
Gray et al. A practical approach to operative dentistry
Dorfman Cement composition effects on enamel demineralization adjacent to orthodontic brackets: An in vitro study using the canary system
Özcan et al. Esthetic and functional rehabilitation of worn teeth
Razumova et al. Dental propaedeutics: cariology. Definitions. Classifications. Instruments. Principles of treatment
Lutskaya et al. Aesthetic restoration of the tooth with wedge-defect: clinical case

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ DE DK EE ES FI GB GE GH HU IL IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK TJ TM TR TT UA UG US UZ VN YU AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): GH KE LS MW SD SZ UG AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP

Ref document number: 97532113

Format of ref document f/p: F

REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8642

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: CA