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WO1997034088A1 - Palier axial pour compresseurs hermetiques - Google Patents

Palier axial pour compresseurs hermetiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997034088A1
WO1997034088A1 PCT/BR1997/000008 BR9700008W WO9734088A1 WO 1997034088 A1 WO1997034088 A1 WO 1997034088A1 BR 9700008 W BR9700008 W BR 9700008W WO 9734088 A1 WO9734088 A1 WO 9734088A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bearing body
supporting means
annular bearing
oil film
axial
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/BR1997/000008
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO1997034088B1 (fr
Inventor
Dietmar Erich Bernhard Lilie
Adilson Luiz Manke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Empresa Brasileira de Compressores SA
Original Assignee
Empresa Brasileira de Compressores SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Empresa Brasileira de Compressores SA filed Critical Empresa Brasileira de Compressores SA
Publication of WO1997034088A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997034088A1/fr
Publication of WO1997034088B1 publication Critical patent/WO1997034088B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0094—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 crankshaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C17/04—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to an axial bearing for hermetic compressors with a vertical shaft, of the type used in small refrigerating appliances.
  • Hermetic compressors comprise, mounted inside a hermetically sealed shell, a cylinder block carrying a vertical crankshaft, by seating a portion of a peripheral flange for supporting said crankshaft onto an axial bearing provided between said flange and the main bearing of the cylinder block.
  • the axial bearing is in the form of a supporting cylindrical ring, seated on an adjacent bearing surface of the cylinder block.
  • the crankshaft carries, at the median portion thereof, a rotor of the electric motor of the compressor and, at its bottom, a pump rotor which, during the operation of the compressor, takes lubricant oil from a sump provided at a lower portion of the compressor shell, up to the relatively moving parts, in order to form an oil film between said parts, avoiding the wearing contact therebetween.
  • the oil film should assure the maintenance of a parallelism condition between the adjacent surfaces of said parts.
  • factors of mechanical nature which, during the compressor operation, cause loss of parallelism between said surfaces, one of said factors resulting from malformation of the contacting parts.
  • the lubrication during the compressor operation will be deficient, allowing frictional contact to occur between the parts, causing mechanical losses in the compressor.
  • manufacture imperfections, thermal deformations or inclinations of the crankshaft during its rotation may give rise to an oil film between the annular surface of the axial bearing and the adjacent surface of the crankshaft, which however is not enough to guarantee an adequate operation of the bearing.
  • the patent application PI9301036 discusses constructions of an axial bearing, in which its top surface contacting the peripheral flange of the crankshaft is provided with superficial irregularities which improve the maintenance of the oil film between said axial bearing upper face and an adjacent contacting lower surface of the crankshaft peripheral flange, said irregularities being constructed so as to provide a hydrodynamic effect which increases the thickness of the oil film between said parts.
  • this construction reduces the friction wear between the relatively moving parts, in order that the lubrication of said parts occurs satisfactorily mainly when they are submitted to efforts resulting from the compressor operation, the achievement of said parts requires a high level of precision, meaning high production costs.
  • the constructive inaccuracy or the disalignment between the parts to be lubricated may cause rupture of the oil film in regions of said parts where the axial force of the weight of both the motor and crankshaft acting vertically and downwardly over the bearing exceeds the compensating force of the oil film. Disclosure of the Invention
  • an axial bearing for a hermetic compressor of the type including a vertical crankshaft incorporating a peripheral flange which is supported, through an oil film, on the upper face of the annular bearing body, said bearing resting on a cylinder block, said bearing further comprising a supporting means which, at the lower portion thereof, is seated on the cylinder block and which carries, at its upper portion and in a fixed rotating form, the lower face of the annular bearing body, said supporting means causing during the compressor operation a downward oscillation of the annular bearing body around a diametral axis, said oscillation occurring over a circumferential portion of the supporting means submitted to an axial force, resulting from an oil film pressure over the respective circumferential portion of the annular bearing body higher than the oil film pressure over the diametrically opposite portion of the annular bearing body, said oscillation being sufficient to balance the oil film pressure in said circumferential portions.
  • Fig. 1 shows, schematically and partially, a median vertical sectional view of a hermetic compressor with a vertical crankshaft of the type used in the present invention
  • Fig. 2 shows, schematically and in a longitudinal sectional view, an upper portion of a crankshaft-axial bearing assembly mounted to the cylinder block according to a constructive form of carrying out the present invention
  • FIG. 3 shows, schematically and in a perspective view, the axial bearing illustrated in figure 2; and Fig. 4 shows, schematically and in a perspective view, another constructive form of the axial bearing of the present invention, to be mounted to the cylinder block.
  • a hermetic compressor with a vertical shaft comprising a hermetic shell 1, inside which is adequately suspended a motor- compressor unit formed by a cylinder block 3 to which is attached an electric motor, whose rotor 4 is fixedly mounted to a crankshaft 5 seated on a main bearing machined in the cylinder block 3.
  • the crankshaft 5 has, at its upper portion, a peripheral flange 7 for supporting an eccentric end portion 8 of the crankshaft 5 and, at its lower portion, a pump rotor which carries oil from an oil sump 9 to the parts of the cylinder block 3 needing lubrication during the compressor operation .
  • crankshaft 5 The rotation of the crankshaft 5 around its axis generates a relative movement, between the lower face of the peripheral flange 7 of said crankshaft 5 and the adjacent bearing surface which supports said peripheral flange 7, which movement, due to machining imperfections of the parts, thermal deformations or occurrence of small inclinations of crankshaft 5 during its rotation, may cause rupture of the oil film, allowing visco-mechanical losses to occur in the compressor.
  • crankshaft 5 is supported, through an oil film, by an axial bearing seated on the cylinder block 3.
  • an axial bearing comprising an annular bearing body 10, in whose upper face is seated a peripheral flange 7 of the crankshaft 5 through an oil film formed between said parts, and a supporting means 20, which is seated at its lower portion on the cylinder block 3 and which supports at its upper portion, in a fixed rotating manner, the lower face of the annular bearing body, said supporting means 20 causing during the compressor operation a downward oscillation of the annular bearing body 10 around a diametral axis, said oscillation occurring over a cicumferential portion of the supporting means 20 submitted to an axial force resulting from an oil film pressure over the respective circumferential portion of the annular bearing portion 10 higher than the oil film pressure over a diametrically opposite portion of the annular bearing body 10, said oscillation being enough to equilibrate the oil film pressure in said diametrically opposite circumferential portions.
  • the annular bearing body 10 is preferably constructed as the one described in Patent Application PI9301036 and has an annular cylindrical form, with an upper face shaped so as to act as a hydrodynamic wedge in the distribution of oil between the adjacent surfaces of the peripheral flange 7 of the crankshaft 5 and the upper face of the annular bearing body 10.
  • the supporting means 20 is elastically deformable between an operative condition, defined when said supporting means 20 is submitted to different axial forces resulting from different oil film pressures along the circumferential extension of the annular bearing body 10, and an inoperative condition, defined when a pressure balance of the oil film exists along said circumferential extension of the annular bearing body 10.
  • the contractive axial force reduces the oil film thickness at the circumferential portion where the force is acting, capable of causing rupture of said oil film in this region, with the consequences already discussed above.
  • the supporting means 20 is defined by at least a flexible annular element, illustrated in figure 3 and disposed concentrically to the crankshaft 5, in the form of a spring element, for instance.
  • the supporting means 20 comprises a plurality of flexible elements, such as vertical springs, which are circumferentially and equally distributed between the cylinder block 3 and the annular bearing body 10, so that each flexible element be provided with a respective contact surface relative to the main bearing of cylinder block 3 and a contact surface with a lower surface of the annular bearing body 10.
  • the supporting means 20 comprises a rigid ring 21, provided with a pair of lower saliences 22, diametrically opposite to each other, each lower salience 22 seating on an adjacent portion of the main bearing surface of cylinder block 3, defining an oscillating axis for the supporting means 20 around which said supporting means 20 and annular bearing body 10 oscillate to compensate the existence of axial forces resulting from an oil film pressure over the annular bearing body 10 as cited above.
  • the compensation of the axial forces acting in any circumferential portion of the annular bearing body 10 occurs, in this construction, by providing at least another oscillating axis for the annular bearing body 10, preferably ortogonal to the oscillating axis cited above.
  • this other axis is defined by providing a lower face of the annular bearing body 10 with a pair of lower projections 11, diametrically opposite to each other and each seating on a portion of the adjacent surface of the rigid ring 21.
  • the supporting means 20 has a plurality of rigid rings provided with lower saliences 22, diametrically opposite to each other and seated on a surface of an adjacent lower rigid ring, in order to avoid coplanarity of the oscillating axes .
  • the dampening of the forces actuating on the annular bearing body 10 occurs by an oscillating movement around the oscillating axes mentioned above.
  • the latter is mounted around a tubular axial extension 30 of the cylinder block 3 concentric to the annular bearing body 10 and with an axial height sufficient to prevent said oil from escaping.
  • the compressive forces which are circumferentially located over the oil film and which result from irregularities projecting from at least one of the adjacent surfaces of the peripheral flange 7 of crankshaft 5 and annular bearing body 10, are compensated by reaction forces of the supporting means 20, acting in an opposite direction to that of the compressive forces, in order to maintain substantially unaltered the oil film thichness existing in this region, minimizing the contact between the frictional surfaces during the compressor operation . While two preferred constructions for the axial bearing have been described and illustrated, other constructions are possible within the concept presented.
  • the supporting means 20 should have at least two dontact surfaces with said annular bearing body 10, angularly equidistant from each other, and at least two contact surfaces with cylinder block 3 angularly equidistant from each other.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Abstract

Palier axial pour compresseurs hermétiques, comprenant un vilebrequin vertical (5) contenant une bride périphérique (7) qui est soutenue par un film d'huile sur la face supérieure d'un corps de palier annulaire (10) qui repose sur un bloc cylindre (3) et qui comprend un moyen de support (20) venant en appui, au niveau de sa partie inférieure, sur ledit bloc cylindre (3) et portant, au niveau de sa partie supérieure et sous une forme rotative fixe, le corps de palier annulaire (10). Ce moyen de support (20) entraîne, au cours du fonctionnement du compresseur, une oscillation vers le bas dudit corps annulaire (10) autour d'un axe diamétral, cette oscillation ayant lieu sur une partie circonférentielle dudit moyen de support (20) qui est soumise à une force axiale résultant d'une pression du film d'huile, sur la partie circonférentielle respective du corps de palier annulaire (10), supérieure à la pression du film sur la partie diamétralement opposée dudit corps annulaire (10), cette oscillation étant suffisante pour équilibrer la pression du film d'huile dans lesdites parties circonférentielles.
PCT/BR1997/000008 1996-03-13 1997-03-10 Palier axial pour compresseurs hermetiques Ceased WO1997034088A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BRPI9600687-0 1996-03-13
BR9600687A BR9600687A (pt) 1996-03-13 1996-03-13 Mancal axial para compressor hermético

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997034088A1 true WO1997034088A1 (fr) 1997-09-18
WO1997034088B1 WO1997034088B1 (fr) 1997-11-06

Family

ID=4063593

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/BR1997/000008 Ceased WO1997034088A1 (fr) 1996-03-13 1997-03-10 Palier axial pour compresseurs hermetiques

Country Status (2)

Country Link
BR (1) BR9600687A (fr)
WO (1) WO1997034088A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1063436A1 (fr) * 1999-06-25 2000-12-27 Samsung Kwangju Electronics Co., Ltd. Dispositif de lubrification de l'axe principal d'un compresseur à piston encapsulé
EP0954706A4 (fr) * 1997-01-29 2002-04-24 William F Hackett Jr Ensemble palier de butee
WO2003019008A1 (fr) * 2001-08-31 2003-03-06 Empresa Brasileira De Compressores S.A.-Embraco Dispositif de support axial pour compresseur hermetique
CN101871443A (zh) * 2009-04-27 2010-10-27 松下电器产业株式会社 密闭型压缩机和制冷装置
CN103062014A (zh) * 2012-12-19 2013-04-24 广州万宝集团压缩机有限公司 电冰箱压缩机用曲轴减阻升力系统
WO2014053036A1 (fr) * 2012-10-01 2014-04-10 Whirlpool S.A. Agencements de palier dans un compresseur de réfrigération à mouvement alternatif

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1413563A (fr) * 1964-11-05 1965-10-08 Siemens Ag Palier à glissement axial
US4647228A (en) * 1984-04-18 1987-03-03 Grundfos A/S Height adjusting device for machines or machine elements
US5052825A (en) * 1988-03-25 1991-10-01 Asea Brown Boveri Ltd. Axial mounting with skewing compensation
WO1994025768A1 (fr) * 1993-04-30 1994-11-10 Empresa Brasileira De Compressores S/A - Embraco Palier axial pour compresseurs hermetiques a piston alternatif

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1413563A (fr) * 1964-11-05 1965-10-08 Siemens Ag Palier à glissement axial
US4647228A (en) * 1984-04-18 1987-03-03 Grundfos A/S Height adjusting device for machines or machine elements
US5052825A (en) * 1988-03-25 1991-10-01 Asea Brown Boveri Ltd. Axial mounting with skewing compensation
WO1994025768A1 (fr) * 1993-04-30 1994-11-10 Empresa Brasileira De Compressores S/A - Embraco Palier axial pour compresseurs hermetiques a piston alternatif

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0954706A4 (fr) * 1997-01-29 2002-04-24 William F Hackett Jr Ensemble palier de butee
EP1063436A1 (fr) * 1999-06-25 2000-12-27 Samsung Kwangju Electronics Co., Ltd. Dispositif de lubrification de l'axe principal d'un compresseur à piston encapsulé
WO2003019008A1 (fr) * 2001-08-31 2003-03-06 Empresa Brasileira De Compressores S.A.-Embraco Dispositif de support axial pour compresseur hermetique
US7137791B2 (en) 2001-08-31 2006-11-21 Empresa Brasileira De Compressores S.A. Axial bearing arrangement for a hermetic compressor
CN100343512C (zh) * 2001-08-31 2007-10-17 巴西船用压缩机有限公司 密闭式压缩机的轴向轴承结构
KR100868749B1 (ko) * 2001-08-31 2008-11-13 월풀 에쎄.아. 밀폐형 왕복 압축기의 축방향 베어링 장치
CN101871443A (zh) * 2009-04-27 2010-10-27 松下电器产业株式会社 密闭型压缩机和制冷装置
WO2014053036A1 (fr) * 2012-10-01 2014-04-10 Whirlpool S.A. Agencements de palier dans un compresseur de réfrigération à mouvement alternatif
CN104813040A (zh) * 2012-10-01 2015-07-29 惠而浦股份有限公司 往复式制冷压缩机中的轴承布置
US9611888B2 (en) 2012-10-01 2017-04-04 Whirlpool S.A. Bearing arrangements in a refrigeration reciprocating compressor
CN103062014A (zh) * 2012-12-19 2013-04-24 广州万宝集团压缩机有限公司 电冰箱压缩机用曲轴减阻升力系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR9600687A (pt) 1998-01-21

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