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WO1997033463A1 - Envelope for fluid delivery to plants - Google Patents

Envelope for fluid delivery to plants Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997033463A1
WO1997033463A1 PCT/US1997/004572 US9704572W WO9733463A1 WO 1997033463 A1 WO1997033463 A1 WO 1997033463A1 US 9704572 W US9704572 W US 9704572W WO 9733463 A1 WO9733463 A1 WO 9733463A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sheet
super absorbent
plant
peripheral edge
cavity
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1997/004572
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO1997033463A9 (en
Inventor
Gavin Mccalla
William R. Lutz
Original Assignee
Mccalla Company Doing Business As Ovation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mccalla Company Doing Business As Ovation filed Critical Mccalla Company Doing Business As Ovation
Priority to AU25855/97A priority Critical patent/AU2585597A/en
Priority to CA 2248605 priority patent/CA2248605A1/en
Priority to BR9708205-8A priority patent/BR9708205A/en
Publication of WO1997033463A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997033463A1/en
Publication of WO1997033463A9 publication Critical patent/WO1997033463A9/en

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for delivering water to plant roots.
  • Some devices employ super absorbent material that absorbs large amounts of water, storing it for later use by the plant. These devices are generally pre-formed devices that are somewhat bulky and may not be easy to use with every sort of planting pot. Furthermore, they are not sealed at the bottom end, thereby allowing water to escape away from the roots of the plant.
  • the present invention which provides a super absorbent material capable of holding water for subsequent delivery to the roots of plants.
  • One aspect of the invention is an apparatus for facilitating growth of a plant.
  • a porous first sheet having a first peripheral edge defines a plurality of pores.
  • a second sheet has a second peripheral edge. The first peripheral edge and the second peripheral edge are affixed to each other so that the first sheet and the second sheet define a cavity therebetween.
  • a super absorbent material, disposed within the cavity, is capable of absorbing water and delivering water to the plant when roots of the plant are adjacent the apparatus.
  • Another aspect of the invention is an apparatus for facilitating growth of a plant.
  • a porous sheet made of polypropylene netting defines a plurality of pores passing therethrough and has a first peripheral edge. The diameter of each pore is between 70 microns and 3000 microns.
  • a substantially non-porous polyethylene sheet has a second peripheral edge. The first peripheral edge and the second peripheral edge are affixed to each other so that the porous sheet and the substantially non-porous sheet define a cavity therebetween.
  • a plurality of granules of potassium acrylate polymer are disposed within the cavity. The granules are capable of absorbing water and delivering water to the plant when roots of the plant are adjacent the apparatus.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic side view of a dry gel pack in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. IB is a is a schematic side view of a gel pack that is saturated with water in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a is a schematic side view of a gel pack showing the roots of a plant growing into the gel pack.
  • FIG. 3 A is a top plan view of an embodiment of the invention having a plurality of cavities.
  • FIG. 3B is a top front perspective view of an embodiment of the invention having a plurality of pleated cavities wherein seeds are placed between the pleats.
  • FIG. 3C is a top front perspective view of an embodiment of the invention having a plurality of cavities separated in a quilted arrangement.
  • FIGS. 1 A and IB depict the general concept or a schematic representation of the preferred embodiment of the invention, which comprises an apparatus 10 having a first porous sheet 20, having a first peripheral edge 22, and a second, substantially non- porous, sheet 24 having a second peripheral edge 26.
  • the first peripheral edge 22 and the second peripheral edge 26 are affixed to each other so that the porous sheet 20 and the substantially non-porous sheet 24 define a cavity 30 therebetween. Disposed within the cavity 30 is a plurality of granules 32 of a super absorbent polymer capable of absorbing water.
  • the super absorbent material could comprise, for example, acrylamide potassium acrylate cross-linked polymer. Other potassium acrylate polymers may also be suitable.
  • the second sheet 24 could also be porous.
  • the apparatus 10 takes a bowl-shaped configuration when the granules 32 absorb water.
  • the second sheet 24 forms an impermeable recepticle that allows the apparatus 10 to retain water (e.g. rainwater) that has not been absorbed by the granules 32 for later use by the roots of plants.
  • the granules 32 of super absorbent polymer have a dry weight such that the ratio of the dry weight to the maximum volume of the cavity 30 is in the range of from one gram dry weight to ten grams dry weight of super absorbent material to 100 milliliters of volume of the cavity 30.
  • the first porous sheet 20 may comprise, for example, polypropylene netting, having 31 strands per inch, that defines a plurality of pores 28 passing therethrough, the diameter of each pore being between 70 microns and 1000 microns.
  • the minimum diameter of the pores 28 should be at least large enough for roots to pass therethrough.
  • the maximum diameter of the pores 28 should be less than the average diameter of the granules 32, so that they are held within the cavity 30. If larger granules 32 are used, then the diameter of the pores 28 may be larger. For example, if granules 32 having a diameter of greater than 5,000 microns are used, then the diameter of the pores 28 could be up to 5,000 microns.
  • the second sheet 24 may comprise a porous material, or it may comprise a substantially non-porous material. If the second sheet 24 comprises a non-porous material, then an added advantage may be realized when the granules 32 become saturated, in that the second sheet 24 acts as a cup that retains interstitial water for subsequent use.
  • the first sheet 20 and the second sheet 24 each comprise a low-temperature heat sealable film. Such a film allows sealing the two sheets together at a temperature less than that which would damage the granules 32.
  • Polyethylene sheet of a 3 mil thickness, is an example of a suitable material for the second sheet 24
  • polyester netting although it may require a higher sealing temperature.
  • the apparatus 10 may be used by placing it in a pot 16 underneath potting soil 18 and then placing a seedling of a plant 12 in the soil 18.
  • - 4 - apparatus 10 may also be used in outdoors gardening and agricultural applications by placing the apparatus 10 in the soil near seedlings. When the plant 12 is placed adjacent the apparatus 10, the roots 14 tend to grow toward the apparatus 10 and into the cavity 30, thereby making contact with the granules 32. Thus, the granules 32 are capable of delivering water to the roots 14 as it is needed.
  • the apparatus 10 is placed in the soil 18 so that the first sheet 20 is oriented skyward from the second sheet 24.
  • the apparatus 110a comprises a continuous strip 120a that includes several packets 130a each containing separate amounts super absorbent granules 132a.
  • the packets 130a may be separated from each other with serrations 140, thereby allowing the user to tear off each packet 130a as needed.
  • the apparatus 110b comprises a mat 120b having a plurality of pleated chambers 130b filled with super absorbent particles 132b. Seeds 114 may be placed in the pleats 142 between the chambers 130b so that the chambers hold each seed 114 and provided it with water as it develops.
  • FIG. 3 A the apparatus 110a comprises a continuous strip 120a that includes several packets 130a each containing separate amounts super absorbent granules 132a.
  • the packets 130a may be separated from each other with serrations 140, thereby allowing the user to tear off each packet 130a as needed.
  • the apparatus 110b comprises a mat 120b having a plurality of pleated chambers 130b filled with super absorbent particles 132b.
  • the apparatus 110c could comprise a quilted mat 120c comprising a plurality of chambers 130c, each containing super absorbent material 132c.
  • fertilizer may be included with the super absorbent material.
  • Seeds may also be disposed inside the cavity with the super absorbent material, thereby providing a convenient planting system for gardening and agricultural applications.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
  • Hydroponics (AREA)

Abstract

An apparatus (10) for facilitating growth of a plant has a porous sheet (20) made of polypropylene netting that defines a plurality of pores (28) passing therethrough and has a first peripheral edge (22). A substantially non-porous polyethylene sheet (24) has a second peripheral edge (26). The first peripheral edge (22) and the second peripheral edge (26) are affixed to each other so that the porous sheet (20) and the non-porous sheet (24) define a cavity (30) therebetween. A plurality of granules (32) of a potassium acrylate polymer are disposed within the cavity (30). The granules (32) are capable of absorbing water and delivering water to the plant (12) when roots (14) of the plant are adjacent the apparatus (10).

Description

ENVELOPE FOR FLUID DELIVERY TO PLANTS
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This is a continuation-in-part of our copending application Serial No. 08/617,497 filed March 15, 1996.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an apparatus for delivering water to plant roots. 2. Description of the Prior Art
Several devices for providing water to plant roots, including seedlings, currently exit. These include mechanical watering systems, compressed peat plugs, and the like. These devices have the disadvantage of requiring frequent watering, as they do not store water near the roots of the plant.
Some devices employ super absorbent material that absorbs large amounts of water, storing it for later use by the plant. These devices are generally pre-formed devices that are somewhat bulky and may not be easy to use with every sort of planting pot. Furthermore, they are not sealed at the bottom end, thereby allowing water to escape away from the roots of the plant.
Currently, no system exists that conveniently holds super absorbent material in easy-to-use packets that hold large amounts of water for later use by the roots of plants.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The disadvantages of the prior art are overcome by the present invention which provides a super absorbent material capable of holding water for subsequent delivery to the roots of plants.
One aspect of the invention is an apparatus for facilitating growth of a plant. A porous first sheet having a first peripheral edge defines a plurality of pores. A second sheet has a second peripheral edge. The first peripheral edge and the second peripheral edge are affixed to each other so that the first sheet and the second sheet define a cavity therebetween. A super absorbent material, disposed within the cavity, is capable of absorbing water and delivering water to the plant when roots of the plant are adjacent the apparatus.
Another aspect of the invention is an apparatus for facilitating growth of a plant.
A porous sheet made of polypropylene netting defines a plurality of pores passing therethrough and has a first peripheral edge. The diameter of each pore is between 70 microns and 3000 microns. A substantially non-porous polyethylene sheet has a second peripheral edge. The first peripheral edge and the second peripheral edge are affixed to each other so that the porous sheet and the substantially non-porous sheet define a cavity therebetween. A plurality of granules of potassium acrylate polymer are disposed within the cavity. The granules are capable of absorbing water and delivering water to the plant when roots of the plant are adjacent the apparatus.
These and other aspects of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiment taken in conjunction with the following drawings. As would be obvious to one skilled in the art, many variations and modifications of the invention may be effected without departing from the spirit and scope of the novel concepts of the disclosure.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1A is a schematic side view of a dry gel pack in accordance with the invention.
FIG. IB is a is a schematic side view of a gel pack that is saturated with water in accordance with the invention.
FIG. 2 is a is a schematic side view of a gel pack showing the roots of a plant growing into the gel pack.
FIG. 3 A is a top plan view of an embodiment of the invention having a plurality of cavities.
FIG. 3B is a top front perspective view of an embodiment of the invention having a plurality of pleated cavities wherein seeds are placed between the pleats.
FIG. 3C is a top front perspective view of an embodiment of the invention having a plurality of cavities separated in a quilted arrangement.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A preferred embodiment of the invention is now described in detail. Referring to the drawings, like numbers indicate like parts throughout the views. As used in the description herein and throughout the claims, the following terms take the meanings explicitly associated herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise: "a," "an," and "the" includes plural reference, "in" includes "in" and "on." FIGS. 1 A and IB depict the general concept or a schematic representation of the preferred embodiment of the invention, which comprises an apparatus 10 having a first porous sheet 20, having a first peripheral edge 22, and a second, substantially non- porous, sheet 24 having a second peripheral edge 26. The first peripheral edge 22 and the second peripheral edge 26 are affixed to each other so that the porous sheet 20 and the substantially non-porous sheet 24 define a cavity 30 therebetween. Disposed within the cavity 30 is a plurality of granules 32 of a super absorbent polymer capable of absorbing water. The super absorbent material could comprise, for example, acrylamide potassium acrylate cross-linked polymer. Other potassium acrylate polymers may also be suitable. In an alternative embodiment, the second sheet 24 could also be porous.
As shown in FIG. IB, because the second sheet 24 is non-porous, the apparatus 10 takes a bowl-shaped configuration when the granules 32 absorb water. Thus, the second sheet 24 forms an impermeable recepticle that allows the apparatus 10 to retain water (e.g. rainwater) that has not been absorbed by the granules 32 for later use by the roots of plants.
Preferably, the granules 32 of super absorbent polymer have a dry weight such that the ratio of the dry weight to the maximum volume of the cavity 30 is in the range of from one gram dry weight to ten grams dry weight of super absorbent material to 100 milliliters of volume of the cavity 30.
The first porous sheet 20 may comprise, for example, polypropylene netting, having 31 strands per inch, that defines a plurality of pores 28 passing therethrough, the diameter of each pore being between 70 microns and 1000 microns. The minimum diameter of the pores 28 should be at least large enough for roots to pass therethrough. On the other hand, the maximum diameter of the pores 28 should be less than the average diameter of the granules 32, so that they are held within the cavity 30. If larger granules 32 are used, then the diameter of the pores 28 may be larger. For example, if granules 32 having a diameter of greater than 5,000 microns are used, then the diameter of the pores 28 could be up to 5,000 microns.
The second sheet 24 may comprise a porous material, or it may comprise a substantially non-porous material. If the second sheet 24 comprises a non-porous material, then an added advantage may be realized when the granules 32 become saturated, in that the second sheet 24 acts as a cup that retains interstitial water for subsequent use. Preferably, the first sheet 20 and the second sheet 24 each comprise a low-temperature heat sealable film. Such a film allows sealing the two sheets together at a temperature less than that which would damage the granules 32. Polyethylene sheet, of a 3 mil thickness, is an example of a suitable material for the second sheet 24
Other suitable materials for the second 24 sheet include polyester netting, although it may require a higher sealing temperature.
As shown in FIG. 2, the apparatus 10 may be used by placing it in a pot 16 underneath potting soil 18 and then placing a seedling of a plant 12 in the soil 18. The O 97/33463 PC17US97/04572
- 4 - apparatus 10 may also be used in outdoors gardening and agricultural applications by placing the apparatus 10 in the soil near seedlings. When the plant 12 is placed adjacent the apparatus 10, the roots 14 tend to grow toward the apparatus 10 and into the cavity 30, thereby making contact with the granules 32. Thus, the granules 32 are capable of delivering water to the roots 14 as it is needed. The apparatus 10 is placed in the soil 18 so that the first sheet 20 is oriented skyward from the second sheet 24.
As shown in FIGS. 3A-3C, several embodiments of the invention employing multiple cavities are possible. As shown in FIG. 3 A, the apparatus 110a comprises a continuous strip 120a that includes several packets 130a each containing separate amounts super absorbent granules 132a. The packets 130a may be separated from each other with serrations 140, thereby allowing the user to tear off each packet 130a as needed. As shown in FIG. 3B, the apparatus 110b comprises a mat 120b having a plurality of pleated chambers 130b filled with super absorbent particles 132b. Seeds 114 may be placed in the pleats 142 between the chambers 130b so that the chambers hold each seed 114 and provided it with water as it develops. As shown in FIG. 3C, the apparatus 110c could comprise a quilted mat 120c comprising a plurality of chambers 130c, each containing super absorbent material 132c. In any of the embodiments disclosed, fertilizer may be included with the super absorbent material. Seeds may also be disposed inside the cavity with the super absorbent material, thereby providing a convenient planting system for gardening and agricultural applications. The above described embodiments are given as illustrative examples only. It will be readily appreciated that many deviations may be made from the specific embodiments disclosed in this specification without departing from the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is to be determined by the claims below rather than being limited to the specifically described embodiments above.

Claims

What is claimed is:
1. An apparatus for facilitating growth of a plant, comprising: a. a porous top first .sheet defining a plurality of pores passing therethrough and having a first peripheral edge; b. a non-porous bottom second sheet, always disposed below the first sheet, having a second peripheral edge, the first peripheral edge and the second peripheral edge being affixed to each other, the first sheet and the second sheet defining a cavity therebetween; and c. a super absorbent material disposed within the cavity, capable of absorbing water and delivering water to the plant when roots of the plant are adjacent the apparatus, and capable of expanding when absorbing water so as to cause the second sheet to form an impermeable recepticle capable of holding water not absorbed by the super absorbent material for use by roots of the plant.
2. The apparatus of Claim 1 wherein the cavity has a maximum volume and the super absorbent material has a dry weight such that the ratio of the dry weight to the maximum volume is in a range of one gram to ten grams dry weight of super absorbent material to 100 milliliters of volume
3. The apparatus of Claim 1 wherein the first sheet and the second sheet define a plurality of cavities therebetween, the super absorbent material disposed in each of the plurality of cavities.
4. The apparatus of Claim 1 wherein the plurality of pores are at least large enough to allow roots of plants to pass therethrough.
5. The apparatus of Claim 4 wherein each of the plurality of pores is greater than 70 microns in diameter.
6. The apparatus of Claim 1 wherein the super absorbent material is formed in granules and wherein the plurality of pores are smaller than the granules so as to restrain the granules from passing out of the cavity.
7. The apparatus of Claim 6 wherein each of the plurality of pores is less than 5000 microns in diameter.
8. The apparatus of Claim 6 wherein each of the plurality of pores is less than 1000 microns in diameter.
9. The apparatus of Claim 1 further comprising fertilizer disposed within the cavity.
10. The apparatus of Claim 1 further comprising a seed disposed within the cavity. 11. The apparatus of Claim 1 wherein the first sheet comprises polypropylene netting.
12. The apparatus of Claim 1 wherein the second sheet comprises polyethylene.
13. The apparatus of Claim 1, wherein the super absorbent material comprises a potassium acrylate polymer.
14. The apparatus of Claim 1 wherein the super absorbent material comprises acrylamide potassium acrylate cross-linked polymer granules.
15. An apparatus for facilitating growth of a plant, comprising: a. a porous top sheet made of polypropylene netting defining a plurality of pores passing therethrough, the diameter of each pore being between 70 microns and 3000 microns, the porous sheet having a first peripheral edge, b. a non-porous polyethylene bottom sheet, always disposed below the top sheet, having a second peripheral edge, the first peripheral edge and the second peripheral edge being affixed to each other, the porous sheet and the substantially non-porous sheet defining a cavity therebetween; and c. a plurality of granules of a super absorbent polymer disposed within the cavity, the granules being capable of absorbing water and delivering water to the plant when roots of the plant are adjacent the apparatus, and capable of expanding when absorbing water so as to cause the second sheet to form an impermeable recepticle capable of holding water not absorbed by the super absorbent material for use by roots of the plant.
16. The apparatus of Claim 15 wherein the super absorbent polymer comprises acrylamide potassium acrylate cross-linked polymer.
17. The apparatus of Claim 15 wherein the cavity has a maximum volume and the granules of super absorbent polymer have a dry weight such that the ratio of the dry weight to the maximum volume is in a range of one gram to ten grams dry weight of super absorbent material to 100 milliliters of volume.
19. The apparatus of Claim 15 further comprising fertilizer disposed within the cavity.
20. The apparatus of Claim 15 further comprising a seed disposed within the cavity.
21. The apparatus of Claim 15 wherein the porous sheet and the substantially non- porous sheet define a plurality of cavities therebetween, a plurality of granules of super absorbent polymer disposed in each of the plurality of cavities.
22. A method of facilitating growth of a plant, comprising the steps of: a. placing in soil, substantially below a seed or a seedling, a packet - 7 - including: i. a porous top first sheet defining a plurality of pores passing therethrough and having a first peripheral edge; ii. a non-porous bottom second sheet, always disposed below the first sheet, having a second peripheral edge, the first peripheral edge and the second peripheral edge being affixed to each other, the first sheet and the second sheet defining a cavity therebetween; and iii. a super absorbent material disposed within the cavity, capable of absorbing water and delivering water to the plant when roots of the plant are adjacent the apparatus, and capable of expanding when absorbing water so as to cause the second sheet to form an impermeable recepticle capable of holding water not absorbed by the super absorbent material for use by roots of the plant; and orienting the packet so that the porous top sheet is disposed longitudinally above, and is oriented skyward from, the non-porous bottom sheet.
PCT/US1997/004572 1996-03-15 1997-03-17 Envelope for fluid delivery to plants WO1997033463A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU25855/97A AU2585597A (en) 1996-03-15 1997-03-17 Envelope for fluid delivery to plants
CA 2248605 CA2248605A1 (en) 1996-03-15 1997-03-17 Envelope for fluid delivery to plants
BR9708205-8A BR9708205A (en) 1996-03-15 1997-03-17 Apparatus and process to facilitate the growth of a plant.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US61749796A 1996-03-15 1996-03-15
US08/617,497 1996-03-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997033463A1 true WO1997033463A1 (en) 1997-09-18
WO1997033463A9 WO1997033463A9 (en) 1997-11-06

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1997/004572 WO1997033463A1 (en) 1996-03-15 1997-03-17 Envelope for fluid delivery to plants

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (2) AU1008697A (en)
BR (1) BR9708205A (en)
WO (1) WO1997033463A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1188365A1 (en) * 2000-09-15 2002-03-20 Impernovo S.r.l. Water-accumulation device with root direct adduction to place on the bottom of pots for plants
US20110071025A1 (en) * 2008-05-08 2011-03-24 Rui Luiz Correa Picanco Fertilizer - Pesticide Throw-Pack
EP2560472B1 (en) * 2010-04-21 2015-08-05 Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wroclawiu Geocomposite element, particularly for enhancing plant growth

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4369599A (en) * 1978-02-09 1983-01-25 Association Foret-Cellulose Cultivation balls
US5022182A (en) * 1988-08-22 1991-06-11 Promac Industries, Ltd. Agricultural processes and products
FR2665821A1 (en) * 1990-08-14 1992-02-21 Puisset Jacques Method and device for regulating the moisture in the soil in agriculture

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4369599A (en) * 1978-02-09 1983-01-25 Association Foret-Cellulose Cultivation balls
US5022182A (en) * 1988-08-22 1991-06-11 Promac Industries, Ltd. Agricultural processes and products
FR2665821A1 (en) * 1990-08-14 1992-02-21 Puisset Jacques Method and device for regulating the moisture in the soil in agriculture

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1188365A1 (en) * 2000-09-15 2002-03-20 Impernovo S.r.l. Water-accumulation device with root direct adduction to place on the bottom of pots for plants
US20110071025A1 (en) * 2008-05-08 2011-03-24 Rui Luiz Correa Picanco Fertilizer - Pesticide Throw-Pack
US8759254B2 (en) * 2008-05-08 2014-06-24 Bayer Cropscience Lp Fertilizer—pesticide throw-pack
EP2560472B1 (en) * 2010-04-21 2015-08-05 Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wroclawiu Geocomposite element, particularly for enhancing plant growth

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2585597A (en) 1997-10-01
BR9708205A (en) 2000-01-18
AU1008697A (en) 1997-09-18

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