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WO1997032113A1 - Installation de type moteur a vapeur comprenant un systeme de condenseur - Google Patents

Installation de type moteur a vapeur comprenant un systeme de condenseur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997032113A1
WO1997032113A1 PCT/SE1996/000255 SE9600255W WO9732113A1 WO 1997032113 A1 WO1997032113 A1 WO 1997032113A1 SE 9600255 W SE9600255 W SE 9600255W WO 9732113 A1 WO9732113 A1 WO 9732113A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
steam
openings
buffer
liquid
condenser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/SE1996/000255
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ove Platell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ranotor Utvecklings AB
Original Assignee
Ranotor Utvecklings AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from SE9402866A external-priority patent/SE515315C2/sv
Application filed by Ranotor Utvecklings AB filed Critical Ranotor Utvecklings AB
Priority to AU51291/96A priority Critical patent/AU5129196A/en
Priority to PCT/SE1996/000255 priority patent/WO1997032113A1/fr
Publication of WO1997032113A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997032113A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B3/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour comes into direct contact with the cooling medium
    • F28B3/06—Condensers in which the steam or vapour comes into direct contact with the cooling medium by injecting the steam or vapour into the cooling liquid

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a steam engine plant of the kind set forth in the introduction of the accompanying claim 1.
  • a condenser device of that type has not been accessible up to now.
  • the device shown in the US 3,237,413 can be mentioned.
  • This is a steam power plant having a partly water filled condenser buffer with a special space into which vertical steam pipes stick down, which pipes are provided with openings, which are positioned partly above and partly below the water surface of the condenser buffer.
  • condensing radiator does not necessarily have the sufficient instantaneous cooling capacity for condensing this flow, the pressure in the condenser system will rise rapidly to injurious values as all the steam cannot condense in the water of the condenser buffer.
  • the completely closed steam system also requires, however, that the condensing sub-system has the capacity to condense the highest instantaneous flows of outlet steam from the steam engine that might occur. If the condensing system cannot condense all the steam flow the pressure will rise quickly and working medium will get lost because steam must have the possibility to escape through a safety valve.
  • a steam plant of the kind described in the above mentioned WD-publications which works with admission steam at high pressure and high temperature, especially supercritical steam, and which has a piston engine operated as an expander can give rise to extremely high efficiency in relation to the weight and will by utilizing the high power deliver very high flows of outlet steam to the condenser system.
  • These high efficiency peaks which always have a short duration, have a magnitude, however, that makes it impossible for the air-cooled condenser to transmit this heat transfer instantaneously to surrounding air without special measures.
  • the object of the present invention is to accomplish a solution of this problem with a condenser system for a completely closed system that has an extremely high power and that works automatically and extremely silent.
  • the bottom parts of the channels are provided with outlet openings with large area and valves controlled in dependence of the liquid level in the channels for restricting the outlet openings when the liquid level in the channels are getting near to the outlet openings.
  • the essentially new of the invention is, that the steam is made to condense in the water more or less noiseless in the water due to the fact that the steam is exhausted into the water through the small openings and with a determined least velocity. It has turned out namely that steam that with an uncontrollable, low velocity streams through an opening below the water level has a bad condensation and forms comparatively large steam bubbles, that with strong bangs collapse or implode in the water. At increasing velocity the steam bubbles become smaller and smaller and more or less cease at a certain lowest velocity, in which case an instantanious more or less noiseless condensation occurs in that the steam flows out in the shape of jets of steam. This is achieved by the plant according to the invention already at low steam flows in that only the upper openings are active. If the steam flow increases more openings become active when the liquid level in the channels drop under the influence of the increasing steam pressure. It is easily seen that at each pressure the number of active openings becomes the required for the steam to flow out through these in the shape of jets of steam.
  • the condenser system is able to work automatically with rapid response when the steam flows to be condensed vary quickly between maximum and minimum values. This is obtained thanks to the large area outlet openings in the bottom parts of the channels provided with the simple valves active in the openings. A great increase of the steam flow has to be swallowed by the channels without much pressure increase. The velocity of the liquid pressed downwards in the channels by the steam would be insufficient if all the liquid had to be pressed out through the small openings, which should result in a harmful increase of pressure. The presence of said large area outlet openings permits a rapid discharge of the liquid through these openings without appreciable increase of the pressure.
  • valves which throttle the openings.
  • the valves may consist of simple buoyant bodies, which when the liquid-level approaches the bottom parts of the channels cover the outlet openings.
  • the effective volume of the radiator is located all above the liquid-level of the condenser buffer, which is provided with a steam pipe, that connects the upper part of the condenser buffer with the upper part of the radiator, and a return pipe for condensed steam, which pipe connects the bottom part of the radiator with a part of the condenser buffer located below the liquid-surface.
  • a steam pipe that connects the upper part of the condenser buffer with the upper part of the radiator
  • a return pipe for condensed steam which pipe connects the bottom part of the radiator with a part of the condenser buffer located below the liquid-surface.
  • the radiator In a vehicle application the radiator is air-cooled and its cooling capacity is dependent on the speed of the vehicle and the temperature of the steam. None of these is particularly favourable in the beginning of a high-power output from the steam engine, but at the end of this power output when the temperature of the condenser buffer and normally also the speed of the vehicle has increased due to the high-power output, the air-cooled radiator always gets a strongly increased cooling capacity.
  • a heat-pipe function is achieved between the radiator and the condenser buffer such that when the cooling capacity of the radiator increases this cooling capacity is automatically connected to the condenser buffer.
  • an optimum cooling of the condenser buffer is achieved without use of pumps, regulating means or some other active system by means of the air-cooled radiator which responds to the need of cooling capacity of the condenser buffer with its own increased cooling capacity obtained by the very increased temperature of the buffer.
  • the pressure and temperature of the condenser system can be kept below the desired about 3 bar and 13 °C, respectively, also during and directly after a high-power outlet.
  • the advantage of the heat-pipe function in a very application of this kind can be explained by the fact, that the same temperature and pressure values prevail all over the condenser system. These values are determined by the liquid temperature in the condenser buffer. As soon as the radiator by some reason gets increased cooling capacity the steam present in the radiator becomes condensed.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a first embodiment of a condenser buffer with an attached radiator shown as a side view
  • Figure 2 is a cross section through the condenser buffer shown in Fig.l
  • Figure 3 is a section of a detail of the condenser buffer shown in Figs.l
  • Figure 4 is a section of a detail showing an outlet opening in Fig.3
  • Figure 5 is a longitudinal section through a second embodiment of the condenser buffer
  • Figure 6 is a section through a detail of a condenser buffer according to a further embodiment
  • Figure 7 is a section of a detail of outlet openings of the embodiment according to Fig.6.
  • the condenser buffer 1 shown in Fig.l has a housing formed by a cylindrical wall 2 and two circular, slightly domed end walls 3 and 4.
  • the housing is designed to withstand at least the pressure of about 3 bar which might occur at the supply of outlet steam from the steam engine via a steam pipe 5, which steam is is supplied via a distribution chamber 6 mounted close to the top of the housing and provided with a great number of distribution pipes 7 directed downwards with closed bottom ends and small outlet openings for the steam placed in close proximity to each other.
  • the condenser buffer 1 is filled with water 9 approximately up to the upper ends of the pipes 7 such that all the openings 8 always are located below the water surface 10.
  • An opening in the end wall 3 above the water surface is connected by a steam pipe 11 to a conventional air-cooled radiator 12 from which a return pipe 13 conveys condensed steam to an opening in the end wall 3 close to its bottom part. Further, in the bottom part of the end wall 4 there is an opening to which a pipe 14 is connected for supply of condensate to a feed pump 15 which feeds condensate to a steam generator 16, from which steam is fed to a steam engine 17 via a steam buffer 18.
  • Figs.l and 2 show the condition in the condenser buffer 1 when no steam is supplied from the steam engine 17, viz. the water level inside the perforated pipes 7 is essentially equal to the water level 10 outside the pipes.
  • the pressure in the chamber increases and the water level inside the pipes 7 sinks such that more and more of the openings 8 are uncovered when the pressure rises as shown in Fig.3. It has proved, that it is very important that the exhaust of steam through the openings 8 is effected with a velocity of flow that does not go under a lowest limit value.
  • the bottom parts of the pipes are provided with outlet openings 26 with a large area and cooperating with these valves in the shape of buoyant bodies 27, which when the water levels in the pipes approach said openings choke them or close them.
  • the outflowing steam has the characteristic - before it has condensed - to be able to tear with itself a layer of adjacent water, which after that together with the condensate form a water jet, which is preferable for the rising water temperature during the condensation to be fairly distributed in the buffer 1.
  • An amplification of this function is obtained if the openings 8 are provided with a corbelling 19, as shown in Fig.4.
  • the distribution chamber 6 with the pipes 7 can as an alternative be replaced by the chamber 20 shown in Fig.5.
  • This has the shape of a wide, flat, oblique chamber extending from the water surface 10 down towards the bottom of the cylindrical wall 2. All sides of the chamber 20 are provided with steam outlet openings 8. Hence, the openings are located at different depth, as illustrated by the eiribodiment in Figs.1-4 The working at different pressures will be essentially unchanged, but with the chamber 20 a faster response is obtained at sudden changes of pressure than is the case with the pipes 7.
  • FIG.6 Another alternative is shown in Fig.6.
  • the bottom wall of the distribution chamber 6 in Figs.1-2 here has been provided with hollow, vertical distribution plates 21 instead of the pipes 7. All sides of the plates 21 are provided with steam outlet openings 8, and the working is essentially the same as that of the previously shown embodiments.
  • An improved stirring of the water 9 is obtainable, however, under the influence of the steam flowing out, if corbellings 22 are directed obliquely such that the steam flowing out from one side of the plate is directed obliquely downwards and at the other side obliquely upwards, as shown in Fig.7.
  • a circulation 23 is formed between each pair of plates 21 such that the water temperature is equalized vertically, especially at high condensing capacities.
  • the steam outlet openings 8 may be circular or oval holes or elongated holes or a combination of such openings.
  • the diameter or width of the holes can suitably be about 1 mm, but has - like the vertical distribution of the openings - to be tested from case to case in order to obtain optimum condensing capacity and noise level.
  • the radiator is preferably water- cooled instead of air-cooled.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne une installation de type moteur à vapeur qui comprend un tampon de condenseur (1) partiellement rempli d'un liquide, ainsi qu'un radiateur (12) pourvu d'un dispositif de refroidissement. Le tampon du condenseur (1) est capable de condenser toute vapeur provenant d'un tuyau de sortie (5) du moteur à vapeur, ceci même lors d'émissions instantanées et très importantes dudit moteur, ce qui peut être le cas, par exemple, lorsque l'installation comprend un tampon de vapeur (18). Ce système permet de multiplier le débit maximal de vapeur vers le tampon du condenseur (1). La condensation s'effectue de préférence à un faible niveau sonore, à savoir, sans provoquer l'implosion des bulles de vapeur. D'après cette invention, toute la vapeur se trouvant dans le tampon de vapeur est envoyée dans des canaux (7) dont les parois comportent un grand nombre d'ouvertures fines (8). Toutes ces ouvertures se situent en dessous du niveau de liquide dans le tampon du condenseur (1), et à des profondeurs différentes. Ces ouvertures possèdent des surfaces permettant à la vapeur d'être évacuée sous forme de jets de vapeur concentrés (24) qui sont envoyés dans le liquide entourant les canaux. Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, les parties inférieures des canaux (8) comportent également des ouvertures de sortie (26) de grande taille qui sont pourvues de clapets se présentant sous forme de corps flottants (27). Ces clapets vont réduire ou fermer les ouvertures de sortie (26) lorsque le niveau de liquide dans les canaux (8) se rapproche de ces dernières.
PCT/SE1996/000255 1994-08-29 1996-02-28 Installation de type moteur a vapeur comprenant un systeme de condenseur Ceased WO1997032113A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU51291/96A AU5129196A (en) 1996-02-28 1996-02-28 Steam engine plant comprising a condenser system
PCT/SE1996/000255 WO1997032113A1 (fr) 1994-08-29 1996-02-28 Installation de type moteur a vapeur comprenant un systeme de condenseur

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9402866A SE515315C2 (sv) 1994-08-29 1994-08-29 Ångmotor med kondensoranordning
PCT/SE1996/000255 WO1997032113A1 (fr) 1994-08-29 1996-02-28 Installation de type moteur a vapeur comprenant un systeme de condenseur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997032113A1 true WO1997032113A1 (fr) 1997-09-04

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1996/000255 Ceased WO1997032113A1 (fr) 1994-08-29 1996-02-28 Installation de type moteur a vapeur comprenant un systeme de condenseur

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1997032113A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999022178A1 (fr) * 1997-10-24 1999-05-06 Froeb Rainer Dispositif servant a injecter de la vapeur dans de l'eau en ecoulement pour rechauffer cette eau
EP2829693A1 (fr) * 2013-07-26 2015-01-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Condensateur à turbine pour une turbine à vapeur
EP2832242A1 (fr) * 2013-08-01 2015-02-04 Ulrich Giger Procédé de réglage du refroidissement pour un dispositif de refroidissement sous vide
EP2832241A1 (fr) 2013-08-01 2015-02-04 Ulrich Giger Dispositif et procédé de condensation de vapeur dans une chambre à vide
JP2018063096A (ja) * 2016-10-14 2018-04-19 株式会社テイエルブイ 熱交換器

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3237413A (en) * 1964-05-25 1966-03-01 Taubert Gunther Steam power plants
DE1936576A1 (de) * 1969-07-18 1971-01-28 Maschb Ag Verfahren zur Kondensation des aus einem Dampferzeuger austretenden Dampfes und Anlage zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3237413A (en) * 1964-05-25 1966-03-01 Taubert Gunther Steam power plants
DE1936576A1 (de) * 1969-07-18 1971-01-28 Maschb Ag Verfahren zur Kondensation des aus einem Dampferzeuger austretenden Dampfes und Anlage zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999022178A1 (fr) * 1997-10-24 1999-05-06 Froeb Rainer Dispositif servant a injecter de la vapeur dans de l'eau en ecoulement pour rechauffer cette eau
EP2829693A1 (fr) * 2013-07-26 2015-01-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Condensateur à turbine pour une turbine à vapeur
WO2015011006A3 (fr) * 2013-07-26 2015-03-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Condenseur de turbine pour une turbine à vapeur
EP2832242A1 (fr) * 2013-08-01 2015-02-04 Ulrich Giger Procédé de réglage du refroidissement pour un dispositif de refroidissement sous vide
EP2832241A1 (fr) 2013-08-01 2015-02-04 Ulrich Giger Dispositif et procédé de condensation de vapeur dans une chambre à vide
US9668490B2 (en) 2013-08-01 2017-06-06 Ulrich Giger Device and method for the condensation of a vapor in a vacuum chamber
JP2018063096A (ja) * 2016-10-14 2018-04-19 株式会社テイエルブイ 熱交換器

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