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WO1997029480A1 - Systeme d'instrument de musique a notes assistees - Google Patents

Systeme d'instrument de musique a notes assistees Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997029480A1
WO1997029480A1 PCT/US1997/002319 US9702319W WO9729480A1 WO 1997029480 A1 WO1997029480 A1 WO 1997029480A1 US 9702319 W US9702319 W US 9702319W WO 9729480 A1 WO9729480 A1 WO 9729480A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
note
performance
music
strummer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1997/002319
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Franklin N. Eventoff
Bernie Mohrbacher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AU21254/97A priority Critical patent/AU2125497A/en
Publication of WO1997029480A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997029480A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/0008—Associated control or indicating means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/0033—Recording/reproducing or transmission of music for electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/0041—Recording/reproducing or transmission of music for electrophonic musical instruments in coded form
    • G10H1/0058—Transmission between separate instruments or between individual components of a musical system
    • G10H1/0066—Transmission between separate instruments or between individual components of a musical system using a MIDI interface
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/02—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos
    • G10H1/04—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation
    • G10H1/053—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only
    • G10H1/055—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only by switches with variable impedance elements
    • G10H1/0558—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only by switches with variable impedance elements using variable resistors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/32—Constructional details
    • G10H1/34—Switch arrangements, e.g. keyboards or mechanical switches specially adapted for electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/342—Switch arrangements, e.g. keyboards or mechanical switches specially adapted for electrophonic musical instruments for guitar-like instruments with or without strings and with a neck on which switches or string-fret contacts are used to detect the notes being played

Definitions

  • Fig. 18 is a schematic block diagram of a preferred implementation of the present invention in a programmed microprocessor environment.
  • the musical note assistance data is provided to keyboard/strummer 10 so that the instrument may be played in a performance separate from a reproduction of pre-recorded performance 18. That is, when musical note assistance data is provided to keyboard/strummer 10 by means of mass media input 12, the instrument is played by a person while that person is watching and/or hearing the reproduction of pre-recorded performance 18.
  • keyboard/strummer 10 which includes keyboard section 36, strummer 38 and function programming keys 39.
  • Keyboard section 36 is a multi-octave keyboard
  • strummer 38 represents the equivalent of a six stringed instrument for strumming, such as the strummable section of a guitar
  • function programming keys 39 are used to further control the programming and operation of instrument microprocessor 108 shown in Fig. 3.
  • Function programming keys 39 may include conventional keyboard keys for data entry for user programming input as well as proportional input keys, such as rocker keys, in which activation of one part of the key indicates an increase of value while activation of another part of the key indicates a desired decrease in value.
  • Synchronization of the data is facilitated by the fact that only ⁇ FLAG-1> has bit-7 set so that the beginning of each series of data bytes in the format, that is the format frame, may easily be detected.
  • the twenty two different key related ⁇ DEVICE> data items, the six different vane related ⁇ DEVICE> data items and the four different drum sound related ⁇ DEVICE> data items may all easily be represented in five bit ⁇ DEVICE> data item.
  • Timing mark may be selected for each pre-recorded performance 18 and/or song within each such performance, as described below.
  • Time t274 is a good candidate for use in triggering enable pulse 254 if the amplitude level from a low output audio player, represented by envelope 262, is substantially and distinguishably higher at this time than the highest preceding amplitude level from a high output audio player represented by envelope 264. That is, for the graphical representation shown in Fig. 14, time 274 would be an acceptable trigger level for generation of enable pulse 254 because amplitude 276, the lowest expected amplitude at time t274 is substantially greater than amplitude 272, the highest expected previous amplitude.
  • the data format and capacity of the media to be played by CD-i player 298 permits the addition of sufficient data to provide the transfer of mapping data for pre-recorded performance 18 but only in a non-synchronized manner.
  • the data may be transferred in a block at the beginning of the playing time.
  • a limited amount of synchronization data may be included within pre ⁇ recorded performance 18 as played on CD-i player 298, such as a timing mark each second.
  • leading edge 318 or trailing edge 320 of partial data dump 314 may conveniently serve as the equivalent of a timing mark to maintain synchronization between pre-recorded performance 18 and the mapping data utilized by keyboard/strummer 10.
  • the mapping data in partial data dump 314 applied by CD- x player 308 to data RAM and decoder 292 may contain data item related to mapping event 236 desired to occur at a later time.
  • Fig. 23 is a top plan view of patterned FSR pair layout 382 for a pair of adjacent multi-element FSRs 362 as shown in Fig.s 21 and 22.
  • Patterned FSR layout 382 is the presently preferred alternate embodiment of stepped FSR layout 166, shown in Fig. 8, for use as a pair of multi-element FSRs 362 wich the assembly of a pair of key caps 354 and reinforced rubber rockers 360, one each of which is shown in Fig.s 19 and 20, respectively.
  • keyboard section 36 shown for example in Fig. 1, there are twenty two keys so that three full octaves plus an additional note may be available at any one time. The twenty two keys may conveniently be provided with FSRs constructed in subsets of eleven sets of FSR patterns, two of which are depicted in Fig. 23.
  • a digitized copy of the waveform to be detected is stored under the direction of the studio musician during the development of the note assist data.
  • the details of the digitizing, sampling and storage of the master sampling interval from pre-recorded performance 18 will be described following the description immediately below of the digitizing and sampling of audio envelope 402 which is accomplished in the same manner.
  • reducing the sampling rate reduces the computational overhead required in accordance with the square root of the number of computations.
  • reducing the sampling rate from 400 to 200 samples per second requires that only half the number of samples must be multiplied and these multiplications may be carried out in twice the amount of time required at a 400 sample per second rate.
  • a minimum threshold of uniqueness may be determined or the relative uniqueness of several possible master sampling intervals may be determined by several rounds of comparisons. For example, if by visual inspection or other means three different intervals were chosen as candidates for the master interval, such as interval A, interval B and interval C, each such interval would be tested as a potential master interval in the studio by comparison with all previous intervals. A number would then be generated indicating the relative uniqueness of that interval.
  • a pre-processing technique to reduce sampling phase error is employed before the least squares computations are made.
  • the performance sample for any particular time is compared to a window in the master sample including both that same sample time and also the next sample time in sequence. That is, ps_tn is compared to a window extending from ms_tn and ms_t(n+l) .
  • This second technique will be described below in greater detail with regard to Fig.s 28 and 30.
  • This second technique is used with data to be transmitted serially to the instrument from a medium which serially stores the original music to be played (hereinafter referred to as performance data) interspersed with the note assist data (hereinafter referred to as control data) .
  • This technique which may be considered a serial storage technique, relies on the timing of the production of the performance data to control the timing of the provision of the control data.
  • the software used to identify that a particular set of 6 notes was to be treated as a chord while another particular note was treated as a melody note such software may include a technique for specifying the anticipation lead time for each type of musical event when that type of event was identified.
  • a single set of data is used for both performance and mapping data. This is accomplished by using two pointers in the stack of data representing the performance data.
  • the pointers would merely be software pointers pointing to two different locations.
  • the first software pointer points to the time stamped data to be played at a particular time, such as delta time 57. This delta time represents the current time in the performance being reproduced. At this delta time, the note is reproduced from the performance data.
  • a second pointer, pointing at a later time, such as delta 60, is used to identify the mapping data. When the mapping data is read from the performance data in this manner, the anticipation lead time for the control data is provided by the difference in time between the two software pointers.
  • the program scans all of the earlier data for matches and then reports the result. Besides this, there are other considerations to taken into account. If the sample has a high peak along with a low average value, the numeric value (8 bit) will overflow when it is scaled to average 100. Also if its peak value (before scaling) is too close the 3.5 volt limit of the op amp driving the A/D converter, the sync will fail if a CD player has a higher output level.
  • keyboard section 36, strummer 38 and function keys 39 on manual input peripheral 470 may conveniently be produced in the form of etched circuit board pattern 500.
  • Each separate ele ⁇ ent of etched circuit board pattern 500, such as triangle 502 in function keys 39 may be formed in a pattern of a pair of interleaved copper traces so that actuation in an on off manner may be accomplished by touching the pattern so that galvanic conduction of the skin closes the circuit between the pair of conductors in the pattern.
  • fingers of 1st trace 504 of each of the patterns are interleaved with fingers of 2nd trace 506 on a non-conducting substrate such as fiberglass substrate 508 which forms at least a portion of the top surface of manual input peripheral 470.
  • Fig. 35 is a set of three related time charts indicating the relationship between performance data, note assist data and the music produced by actuation of the invention by the user.
  • performance time line 544 includes Note Nl at time tl.
  • Note Nl includes both pitch and velocity or volume information.
  • a musical note having the pitch and velocity of Note Nl will be produced at time tl.
  • Note N2 will be played at time t2.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

Un système de musique comprend un instrument de musique tel qu'un clavier-système de cordes, dans lequel les notes de musique produites lorsque l'on joue de l'instrument sont commandées par des données d'assistance musicale représentées sur les touches de l'instrument et des curseurs de pincement, à partir de plages préparées spécialement, et synchronisées avec l'exécution préalable du morceau. Des supports de grandes capacités modifiés, tels que des CD-ROM, des signaux TV et des cassettes vidéo sont prévus et comprennent des données synchronisées d'aide à la composition des notes, ainsi que des supports supplémentaires tels que des modules ROM ou des cassettes audio à codage tonal ou bien des CD, lesquels comportent des données d'assistance à la composition de notes synchronisables destinées à être utilisées avec des supports de grandes capacités non modifiés.
PCT/US1997/002319 1996-02-06 1997-02-05 Systeme d'instrument de musique a notes assistees Ceased WO1997029480A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU21254/97A AU2125497A (en) 1996-02-06 1997-02-05 Note assisted musical instrument system

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US59590396A 1996-02-06 1996-02-06
US08/595,903 1996-02-06
US63325996A 1996-04-18 1996-04-18
US08/633,259 1996-04-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997029480A1 true WO1997029480A1 (fr) 1997-08-14

Family

ID=27082405

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1997/002319 Ceased WO1997029480A1 (fr) 1996-02-06 1997-02-05 Systeme d'instrument de musique a notes assistees

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2125497A (fr)
WO (1) WO1997029480A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015136159A1 (fr) * 2014-03-14 2015-09-17 Berggram Development Oy Procédé de décalage des données de hauteur tonale dans un fichier audio
USD790634S1 (en) * 2016-07-20 2017-06-27 Joseph Fisch Toy guitar

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1990007771A1 (fr) * 1989-01-03 1990-07-12 Hotz Instruments Technology, Inc. Instrument de musique electronique universel
WO1991006940A1 (fr) * 1989-10-31 1991-05-16 Q-Logic Limited Metronome et sequenceur d'interface numerique pour instrument de musique
WO1991010990A1 (fr) * 1990-01-19 1991-07-25 Gibson Guitar Corp. Systeme de commande de guitare
WO1994024661A1 (fr) * 1993-04-09 1994-10-27 Franklin Eventoff Systeme pour instrument de musique assiste de notes
US5361673A (en) * 1992-09-18 1994-11-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Kawai Gakki Seisakusho Electronic musical instrument
US5430244A (en) * 1993-06-01 1995-07-04 E-Mu Systems, Inc. Dynamic correction of musical instrument input data stream

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1990007771A1 (fr) * 1989-01-03 1990-07-12 Hotz Instruments Technology, Inc. Instrument de musique electronique universel
WO1991006940A1 (fr) * 1989-10-31 1991-05-16 Q-Logic Limited Metronome et sequenceur d'interface numerique pour instrument de musique
WO1991010990A1 (fr) * 1990-01-19 1991-07-25 Gibson Guitar Corp. Systeme de commande de guitare
US5361673A (en) * 1992-09-18 1994-11-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Kawai Gakki Seisakusho Electronic musical instrument
WO1994024661A1 (fr) * 1993-04-09 1994-10-27 Franklin Eventoff Systeme pour instrument de musique assiste de notes
US5430244A (en) * 1993-06-01 1995-07-04 E-Mu Systems, Inc. Dynamic correction of musical instrument input data stream

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015136159A1 (fr) * 2014-03-14 2015-09-17 Berggram Development Oy Procédé de décalage des données de hauteur tonale dans un fichier audio
US9830895B2 (en) 2014-03-14 2017-11-28 Berggram Development Oy Method for offsetting pitch data in an audio file
USD790634S1 (en) * 2016-07-20 2017-06-27 Joseph Fisch Toy guitar

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2125497A (en) 1997-08-28

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