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WO1997027034A1 - Procede pour empecher l'apparition de taches colorees dans l'aubier du bois - Google Patents

Procede pour empecher l'apparition de taches colorees dans l'aubier du bois Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997027034A1
WO1997027034A1 PCT/NZ1997/000004 NZ9700004W WO9727034A1 WO 1997027034 A1 WO1997027034 A1 WO 1997027034A1 NZ 9700004 W NZ9700004 W NZ 9700004W WO 9727034 A1 WO9727034 A1 WO 9727034A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wood
water barrier
oil
composition
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/NZ1997/000004
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robin Nicholas Wakeling
Richard Walter Kuluz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
New Zealand Institute for Bioeconomy Science Ltd
Chemcolour Industries NZ Ltd
Original Assignee
New Zealand Institute for Bioeconomy Science Ltd
Chemcolour Industries NZ Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by New Zealand Institute for Bioeconomy Science Ltd, Chemcolour Industries NZ Ltd filed Critical New Zealand Institute for Bioeconomy Science Ltd
Priority to AU14579/97A priority Critical patent/AU1457997A/en
Publication of WO1997027034A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997027034A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/06—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wood

Definitions

  • the present invention comprises a method of inhibiting fungal attack generally referred to as sapstain, in wood, particularly in logs while wet after felling.
  • the invention also comprises a composition for use in such a method.
  • the fungi targeted by antisapstain treatments are in most instances sapstain fungi belonging to the following fungal classification groups: fungi imperfecti (deuteromycetes); ascomycetes; and decay fungi belonging to basidiomycetes. Soft rot fungi belonging to the deuteromycetes and ascomycetes. and decay fungi belonging to the ascomycetes may also be targeted.
  • a major problem with currently available antisapstain treatments is their failure to give adequate long term performance. This is a particular problem for protecting against sapstain and decay in logs. Under severe storage conditions logs can become unacceptably sapstained within 2 - 4 weeks.
  • Conventional approaches to overcome this problem include application of increasingly higher concentrations of fungicide to the log surfaces; application of adjuvants, sometimes referred to as "wetters” or “stickers” to the fungicidal solutions, that are aimed at increasing effectiveness of the fungicide by improving fungicide uptake by the wood surface; achieving a more even distribution of fungicide on the surface; reducing susceptibility of the fung ⁇ c ⁇ de(s) to wash-off; improving contact between fungus and fungicide; aiding fungicide uptake by the fungus, and/or by physico-chemical interaction with the fungicide and fungus at the molecular and cellular level in such a way that the potency of the fungicide is increased; and application of water-repell
  • the present invention provides an improved or at least alternative method of protecting wet wood against such biodeterioration. It is believed the method of the invention provides protection for a longer term than obtained by methods currently in use, without requiring subsequent treatment with water such as by water sprinkling.
  • the invention comprises a method of inhibiting sapstain in wood comprising applying a water barrier over the surface of the wood which is effective to inhibit moisture loss from the wood.
  • a water barrier is a liquid or is m the liquid phase.
  • the method comprises applying one or more hydrophobic substances over the surface of the wood to form the water barrier.
  • the water barrier is formed of a solid, flexible material.
  • the solid, flexible material is a plastics film.
  • the method also includes applying a biological control agent or a fungicide over the surface of the wood.
  • hydrophobic substance and/or biological control agent/fungicide treatment compos ⁇ t ⁇ on(s) are applied by spraying or dipping.
  • the wood is treated before its moisture content has fallen below about 80% saturation and more preferably before its moisture content has fallen below about 90% saturation.
  • freshly cut logs are treated within three days of cutting and more preferably withm one or two days of cutting, after stripping the logs of bark.
  • the water barrier is a hydrophobic substance such as wool grease.
  • suitable substances that may preferably be used as the water barrier include lanolin, petrolatum, paraffin oils, fish oils such as shark oil, animal oils, waxes, silicones, fatty acid esters, bitumen and vegetable fats and oils.
  • the invention is also directed to an antisapstain composition of use in the prevention of sapstain in wood, the composition comprising between about 10% and about 40% of a water barrier substance and between about 60% and about 90% of either an organic solvent, or water or a water based composition.
  • the organic solvent is a liquid hydrocarbon or mixture of liquid hydrocarbons.
  • the organic solvent is kerosene, benzene, chloroform, toluene, ether, carbon disulfide, acetone, paraffin, diesel, white spirit, soya oil, lmseed oil, or shark oil.
  • the water based composition further includes a surfactant.
  • the water based antisapstain composition is an emulsion.
  • the antisapstain composition further includes a fungicide and/or a biological control agent.
  • the present invention is directed to a method of inhibiting sapstain in wood.
  • the preferred method comprising applying over the surface of the wood, a water barrier material that inhibits moisture loss from the wood.
  • the best theoretical water barrier system is one which is highly durable, resistant to damage from abrasion, and which provides a water barrier that is close to 100% effective whilst remaining cost effective.
  • the water barrier used should minimise moisture loss from the wood which occurs soon after felling of the timber. Thus the water barrier should inhibit water vapour loss from the wood.
  • a water-barrier layer will also minimise the effect of wash-off of conventional antisapstain treatments if those are used in conjunction with the water-barrier treatment of the present invention.
  • Shrink-wrap plastic sheaths as are known in the art, can be used to provide a highly effective water barrier which will prevent almost all moisture loss.
  • the plastic sheath is placed over the whole log, as soon after felling as possible, to retain the moisture.
  • the use of such plastic sheaths is withm the scope of the invention.
  • the method consists of applying a water barrier as a liquid or in a liquid phase, which plugs the wood either immediately during drying or some time after drying.
  • a water barrier as a liquid or in a liquid phase, which plugs the wood either immediately during drying or some time after drying.
  • Most of the substances that are suitable are hydrophobic.
  • the most preferred material for use as a water barrier that can be applied in this way is wool grease.
  • Other materials that can be used mclude waxes, lanolm, petrolatum, paraffins, sihcones, bitumm, fatty acid esters and animal vegetable fats and oils. Fish oil such as shark oil can also be used. Any substance that can be applied cost effectively and forms an effective, durable and abrasion resistant water barrier can be used. Hydrophobicity, while preferable, is not essential.
  • Wool grease is the preferred substance for use as the water barrier or in the water barrier composition. Wool grease can be obtained by washing raw wool with a non-iomc surfactant (usually nonyl phenyl ethoxylate) in water, to remove the wool grease. The wash is then centrifuged which results in the raw wool grease separating from the water/surfactant mixture. Wool grease can however be removed from wool by any method known in the art and is a by-product of the wool-scouring process.
  • a non-iomc surfactant usually nonyl phenyl ethoxylate
  • Sufficient water barrier material should be present to form a barrier to plug the open structure of the wood.
  • the amount of water barrier material deposited on the surface of the wood depends not only on concentration, but also on viscosity. Higher loadings can be achieved with more viscous solutions. If desired the Theological characteristics such as the viscosity of the formulation can be adjusted to achieve the higher loadings on the surface of the wood. Thixotropic liquids are preferred.
  • the hydrophobic substance used as the water barrier may alternatively be applied to the wood without any dilution with a carrier. Wool grease may be so applied for example, but may require heating until a consistency at which the wool grease may be readily applied is obtained.
  • Preferred water barrier compositions contain 10-40% (w/w) and more preferably 15-25% of a water barrier hydrophobic substance.
  • the invention also includes an antisapstain composition comprising 10-30% of a water barrier substance such as wool grease and 70-90% of a liquid hydrocarbon such as kerosene, and an antisapstain composition comprising 10-30% of the water barrier substance (eg wool grease) and 0.5-5% surfactant and 65-84.5% water.
  • a water barrier substance such as wool grease
  • a liquid hydrocarbon such as kerosene
  • an antisapstain composition comprising 10-30% of the water barrier substance (eg wool grease) and 0.5-5% surfactant and 65-84.5% water.
  • a biological control agent BCA
  • fungicide fungicide
  • this may be applied to the wood and then the water barrier composition applied.
  • the BCA or fungicide and the water barrier material may be applied together.
  • Another alternative when using such water barrier material is to first apply a BCA or fungicide and then apply a second composition comprising the water barrier material and a BCA or fungicide.
  • Preferred fungicides include- substituted benzimidazoles such as carbendazim (methyl benz ⁇ m ⁇ dazol-2-ylcarbamate), chemical precursors of benzimidazoles such as benomyl (methyl 1 -(butycarbonyl) benz ⁇ m ⁇ dazol-2ylcarbamate or copper-8- hydroxyquinolmolate; triazoles such as hexaconazole ((RS)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyD- 1 -(1 H- 1 ,2,4-tr ⁇ azole-l -yl) hexan-2-ol); quaternary ammonium compounds such as didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; chlorothaloml (tetrachloroisophthalon.tr lie); and boron compounds such as alkanolamine borates, timber (approximates to Na 2 B 8 O 13 4H z O) and borax (sodium tetraborate decahydrate
  • Any suitable fungicide may be used, preferably having low toxicity to organisms other than the targeted fungi, and which w ll preferably degrade rapidly in the environment but persist for the required length of time on timber.
  • the fungicide may be used alone or in combination with any other fungicide to increase fungicidal effectiveness.
  • An enhancement of performance can be achieved by the addition of a co-biocide or mixture of co-biocides (a chemical that enhances the performance of the primary fungicide) such as carbendazim or hexaconazole.
  • the water barrier protects the "envelope" of fungicide on the wood surface from wash-off, reducing depletion of the (fungi) toxicity, and also reducing contamination of the environment.
  • the water barrier also prevents rapid drying that can cause checks and cracks in the wood surface which would in turn form a breech in the "envelope" of fungicide, and that can also cause depletion of the concentration of fungicide on the surface.
  • the water barrier may also prevent the incidence of fungal growth on the surface of wood by encapsulating water soluble nutrients present on the surface and/or decreasing the availability of oxygen.
  • the water barrier maintains the moisture content of the surface wood layers thereby maintaining the mobility of the fungicides, maintaining their availability and toxicity to fungi.
  • BCA's of use mclude non-pigmented strains of Ophiostoma piceae and Trichoderma harzianum and the bacteria Bacillus subtllus. Further BCA's as will be known to a skilled person may also be used such as Trichoderma ⁇ lrlde or Scytalidium hgnlcola.
  • BCA's biological control agents
  • biological control agents such as, for example, non-pigmented strains of Ophiostoma piceae and Trichoderma harzianum and the bacte ⁇ a Bacillus subtllus
  • the water barrier forms a protective seal over the BCA.
  • the water barrier then greatly reduces the incidence of fungal growth on the surface of the wood, reducing the competition encountered by the BCA.
  • wood, especially logs often dries very unevenly so that regions of relatively dry wood are often in close proximity to wet wood.
  • the method comprises applying the hydrophobic substance as an aqueous emulsion or as an organic solvent based composition.
  • Organic solvents have the advantage that they allow ease of application while, in preferred cases, the solvent will completely or partially evaporate leaving a layer of the water barrier substance on the log. It is not essential that the solvent used evaporates however this is preferred.
  • the organic solvent is preferably kerosene or commercially available hydrocarbon solvents such as Certrex 46 (available from Mobil) but can be any suitable liquid hydrocarbon as will be known in the art. Compositions formed with molten fat or grease can also be used. Suitable organic solvents will also include, benzene, chloroform, toluene, ether, carbon disulfide, acetone, paraffin, diesel, white spirit, soya oil, linseed oil, shark oil.
  • the emulsion composition may also comprise a surfactant or surfactants to enable the hydrophobic phase to form a stable emulsion in water.
  • Preferred surfactants include fatty amine salts and in particular tallow propylene diamine acetate.
  • other primary, secondary or tertiary amines and/or their ethoxylates may be used which are neutralised with an acid such as acetic, citric, sulphuric acid or similar.
  • the neutralised amine would then be combined with a nonionic surfactant preferably a sorbitan ester or sorbitan ester ethoxylate or an alkyl phenol ethoxylate.
  • aqueous emulsions may optionally be further stabilised with the addition of a protective colloid in the aqueous phase such as hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, or other similar compounds may be used e.g. methyl cellulose, starches or various gums or other water soluble polymers.
  • a protective colloid in the aqueous phase such as hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, or other similar compounds may be used e.g. methyl cellulose, starches or various gums or other water soluble polymers.
  • other components may also be added. These will include pH adjusting chemicals; microbiocides as a preservative (e.g. 2-n-octyl ⁇ soth ⁇ azohn-3-one, lactic acid, l ,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane); Theological modifiers (eg poly vinyl alcohol, poly vinyl acetate, polyethylene glycol); thickeners (eg Xanthan gum, colloidal clays, hydroxethyl cellulose or carboxymethyl cellulose); anticorrosion chemicals (e.g. phosphates, borates, bromates); and antioxidants (eg butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT), irganox 1010). Where a BCA is present in the composition the other components of the composition are chosen so as not to be toxic to the BCA.
  • pH adjusting chemicals e.g. 2-n-octyl ⁇ soth ⁇ azohn-3-one, lactic acid, l ,2-dibrom
  • liquid or liquid phase water barrier to the log can be via any suitable means as will be known in the art.
  • Conventional pressurised sprayers such as paint sprayers or the like, can be used for example.
  • the logs can be dipped or otherwise immersed into the water-barrier composition.
  • a water barrier composition comprising wool grease emulsion was prepared as follows.
  • Kathon LX was added. The composition is then made up with about 77 parts water.
  • a water barrier and fungicidal formulation was prepared as follows. A solution A of 1 part of cyproconazole to 4 parts of N-methyl pyrrolidine was prepared. Then solution B of 1 part of carbendazim to 5 parts of lactic acid at 50°C was prepared.
  • a solution C was then prepared by mixing of 1 part of didecyldimethyl ammonium chloride and 1 part of nonyl phenol ethoxylate to 3 parts of solution A, and then 1 part of this mixture was added to 3 parts of solution B. One part of solution C was then added to 50 parts of the wool grease emulsion of Example 1.
  • (l) Wool grease is heated to a temperature above 50°C p ⁇ or to dipping or spraying.
  • the thickness of the layer of wool grease applied can be manipulated by the temperature. Radiata logs at ambient temperature dipped in wool grease at 55°C for 3 seconds resulted in a thickness of 3 millimetres. Radiata logs dipped in wool grease at 80°C resulted in a thickness of 0.5 millimetres. Both thicknesses are suitable for use m the method of the present invention.
  • High aromatic hydrocarbon solvent 33.3 (eg Mobil's Certrex 46)
  • wool grease is the preferred water barrier
  • other materials can be liquified and/or given the appropriate viscosity and rheology in the same way.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention se rapporte à des procédés pour empêcher l'apparition de tâches colorées dans l'aubier du bois, ces procédés consistant à appliquer à la surface du bois une barrière empêchant l'eau de passer, qui a pour effet de prévenir la perte d'humidité du bois. Cette barrière empêchant l'eau de passer peut être constituée par une feuille de plastique ou par une substance hydrophobe, pouvant être appliquée à son tour sous la forme d'une émulsion à base d'eau ou sous la forme d'une solution dans un solvant organique approprié. Ce procédé est particulièrement envisagé pour traiter du bois d'oeuvre fraîchement coupé.
PCT/NZ1997/000004 1996-01-23 1997-01-22 Procede pour empecher l'apparition de taches colorees dans l'aubier du bois Ceased WO1997027034A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU14579/97A AU1457997A (en) 1996-01-23 1997-01-22 Method of inhibiting sapstain in wood

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NZ280874 1996-01-23
NZ280874A NZ280874A (en) 1996-01-23 1996-01-23 Prevention of sapstain in wood by applying a water barrier over the wood surface

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997027034A1 true WO1997027034A1 (fr) 1997-07-31

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ID=19925608

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NZ1997/000004 Ceased WO1997027034A1 (fr) 1996-01-23 1997-01-22 Procede pour empecher l'apparition de taches colorees dans l'aubier du bois

Country Status (4)

Country Link
AU (1) AU1457997A (fr)
NZ (1) NZ280874A (fr)
WO (1) WO1997027034A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA97560B (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998026907A1 (fr) * 1996-12-19 1998-06-25 Technische Universität Dresden Procede pour stocker et conserver du bois vert rond ou scie
AU700670B1 (en) * 1997-10-10 1999-01-14 Debrana Pty. Ltd. A method of controlling plant pathogens residing in the bark of plants and vines
WO1999055505A1 (fr) * 1998-04-29 1999-11-04 New Zealand Forest Research Institute Limited Compositions diffusibles contre la tache coloree de l'aubier et procede correspondant
EP1511828A4 (fr) * 2002-05-22 2006-03-15 Supreme Protector Ireland Ltd Emulsification de lanoline
DE102005046345B4 (de) * 2004-09-21 2009-08-06 Institut für Holztechnologie Dresden gGmbH Holzwerkstoffe, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1517473A (en) * 1923-10-24 1924-12-02 Citizens Of The United States Process for the seasoning of wood
US3756850A (en) * 1971-05-12 1973-09-04 Scm Canada Ltd Anti stain treatment for lumber in transit
US4229507A (en) * 1978-02-17 1980-10-21 Asahi-Dow Limited Method for drying wood material
FR2480231A1 (fr) * 1980-03-26 1981-10-16 Mure Guy Fardelage pour buches de bois
GB2093081A (en) * 1981-02-12 1982-08-25 Blacknell Buildings Ltd Impregnating timber
AU4584485A (en) * 1984-08-08 1986-02-13 Tasmanian Timber Promotion Board, The Process for improving the quality of seasoned timber and product thereof
DE3811199A1 (de) * 1988-04-01 1989-10-19 Mueller Bauchemie Holzschutzmittel
EP0472973A1 (fr) * 1990-08-14 1992-03-04 Ppg Industries, Inc. Compositions aqueuses pour le traitement des substrats poreux
GB2271579A (en) * 1992-10-07 1994-04-20 Rekara Mills Treatment Of Wood
US5363568A (en) * 1992-11-20 1994-11-15 Cornelia Textiles, Inc. Method of inhibiting lumber checking
CA2134719A1 (fr) * 1994-06-30 1995-12-31 John F. Hammer Methode d'entreposage de billes de bois

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1517473A (en) * 1923-10-24 1924-12-02 Citizens Of The United States Process for the seasoning of wood
US3756850A (en) * 1971-05-12 1973-09-04 Scm Canada Ltd Anti stain treatment for lumber in transit
US4229507A (en) * 1978-02-17 1980-10-21 Asahi-Dow Limited Method for drying wood material
FR2480231A1 (fr) * 1980-03-26 1981-10-16 Mure Guy Fardelage pour buches de bois
GB2093081A (en) * 1981-02-12 1982-08-25 Blacknell Buildings Ltd Impregnating timber
AU4584485A (en) * 1984-08-08 1986-02-13 Tasmanian Timber Promotion Board, The Process for improving the quality of seasoned timber and product thereof
DE3811199A1 (de) * 1988-04-01 1989-10-19 Mueller Bauchemie Holzschutzmittel
EP0472973A1 (fr) * 1990-08-14 1992-03-04 Ppg Industries, Inc. Compositions aqueuses pour le traitement des substrats poreux
GB2271579A (en) * 1992-10-07 1994-04-20 Rekara Mills Treatment Of Wood
US5363568A (en) * 1992-11-20 1994-11-15 Cornelia Textiles, Inc. Method of inhibiting lumber checking
CA2134719A1 (fr) * 1994-06-30 1995-12-31 John F. Hammer Methode d'entreposage de billes de bois

Non-Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DERWENT ABSTRACT, Accession No. 75-26956W/16, Class F09; & SU,A,428 939 (VENEER RES. INST.) 6 November 1974. *
DERWENT ABSTRACT, Accession No. 76-13884X/08, Class C03; & JP,A,51 001 603 (TAIYO CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES KK) 8 January 1976. *
DERWENT ABSTRACT, Accession No. 82-89853E/42, Class F09; & SU,A,889 674 (AS BELO TRADE INST.) 15 December 1981. *
DERWENT ABSTRACT, Accession No. 91-335692/46, Class P63; & JP,A,03 224 701 (YAMAHA CORPORATION) 3 October 1991. *
DERWENT ABSTRACT, Accession No. 93-330929/42, Class P63; & JP,A,05 237 813 (KEMIKOTO KK) 17 September 1993. *
DERWENT ON-LINE ABSTRACT, No. 73-21869U/16, Class F09; & SU,A,346 113 (TIMBER FLOATING RES. INST.) 1973. *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998026907A1 (fr) * 1996-12-19 1998-06-25 Technische Universität Dresden Procede pour stocker et conserver du bois vert rond ou scie
US6830727B1 (en) 1996-12-19 2004-12-14 Technische Universitaet Dresden Method for stocking and preserving green round wood and sawn timber
AU700670B1 (en) * 1997-10-10 1999-01-14 Debrana Pty. Ltd. A method of controlling plant pathogens residing in the bark of plants and vines
WO1999055505A1 (fr) * 1998-04-29 1999-11-04 New Zealand Forest Research Institute Limited Compositions diffusibles contre la tache coloree de l'aubier et procede correspondant
EP1511828A4 (fr) * 2002-05-22 2006-03-15 Supreme Protector Ireland Ltd Emulsification de lanoline
DE102005046345B4 (de) * 2004-09-21 2009-08-06 Institut für Holztechnologie Dresden gGmbH Holzwerkstoffe, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA97560B (en) 1997-09-16
AU1457997A (en) 1997-08-20
NZ280874A (en) 1997-08-22

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