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WO1997025646A1 - Systeme de casque virtuel comprenant un element optique pourvu d'un corps solide presentant des surfaces reflechissantes internes - Google Patents

Systeme de casque virtuel comprenant un element optique pourvu d'un corps solide presentant des surfaces reflechissantes internes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997025646A1
WO1997025646A1 PCT/US1996/020719 US9620719W WO9725646A1 WO 1997025646 A1 WO1997025646 A1 WO 1997025646A1 US 9620719 W US9620719 W US 9620719W WO 9725646 A1 WO9725646 A1 WO 9725646A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
head mounted
recited
display system
optical element
mounted display
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1996/020719
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gregory L. Heacock
George W. Cone
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Virtual Vision Inc
Original Assignee
Virtual Vision Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Virtual Vision Inc filed Critical Virtual Vision Inc
Publication of WO1997025646A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997025646A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0143—Head-up displays characterised by optical features the two eyes not being equipped with identical nor symmetrical optical devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0149—Head-up displays characterised by mechanical features
    • G02B2027/0154—Head-up displays characterised by mechanical features with movable elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0149—Head-up displays characterised by mechanical features
    • G02B2027/0154—Head-up displays characterised by mechanical features with movable elements
    • G02B2027/0156—Head-up displays characterised by mechanical features with movable elements with optionally usable elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B2027/0178—Eyeglass type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a head mounted display system and more particularly to a head mounted display system having a solid block optical element with an internal reflective surface to project a non-distorted image of displayed information without ghost images.
  • Head mounted display systems having various optical arrangements that include a number of mirrors and lenses mounted on a support with respect to an image source that displays information where the support is worn on the user's head.
  • the mirror and lens surfaces are exposed and thereby subject to dirt and scratches that can substantially interfere with the projection of the displayed information.
  • These systems are also extremely fragile. Although they may be suitable for use by a pilot who is confined to one position in an aircraft, they are not suitable for environments wherein the user is not constrained in his movements or is not used to dealing with delicate objects.
  • United States Patent No. 3,059,519 shows an optical assembly in the form of a solid block having a curved optical surface for magnifying a displayed image wherein the curved optical surface is in the direct line of sight of the user and forms a portion of a see-through optical arrangement.
  • This type of optical assembly is very difficult to manufacture. Variations in the thickness or curvature of the optical element do not have a dramatic effect on the displayed information, but can render the user's view of the real world through the optic distorted or out of focus. Distortion in the user's view of the real world substantially defeats the purpose of a see- through optical assembly in which a clear view of the real world through the optic is desired as well as an undistorted displayed image.
  • the head mounted display system of the present invention includes a solid block optical element having internally reflective surfaces so as to be extremely rugged yet easily and cost effectively manufactured to project a non-distorted image of displayed information without ghost images. More particularly, the head mounted display system of the present invention includes a support to mount the system on a user's head and a display mounted on the support for displaying information. An optical element having a solid body is mounted on the support with respect to the display. The solid optical element has a partially reflective coating at an approximately 45° angle with respect to the display and through which a user looks to view an image of the displayed information. The solid optical element has a focusing surface that is shaped to magnify a displayed image wherein the focusing surface is coaxial with the display and normal to the central see-through axis of the optical element.
  • the partial reflector of the present invention is extremely thin, because it is formed on a solid body optical element, it has structural integrity.
  • the partially reflective coating is contained within the body of the optical element between a first prism portion and a second prism portion so that it cannot be touched or scratched.
  • the optical element of the present invention is extremely rugged.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a head mounted display system in accordance with the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a side view of a user wearing the head mounted display system of Fig. l to view an image of displayed information at a distance from the user and that appears to be superimposed on the real world
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the solid optical element and display components for the head mounted display system of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a front cross-sectional view of the head mounted display system of Fig. l illustrating an adjustable display assembly
  • Fig. 5 is an illustration of a second embodiment of the display assembly with an optical element as shown in Fig. 3.;
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a solid block optical element and a zoom display assembly
  • Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a polarizer to be positioned on the support of the head mounted display system in front of the user's eye that does not view the displayed information;
  • Fig. 8 is a top view of one embodiment of the optical element of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 9 is a bottom view of the head mounted display system with integral microphone.
  • a head mounted display system 10 as shown in Figs. 1-4 includes a frame 12 for supporting a display 14 and solid block optical element 16 so that the user can view an enlarged image 17 of information depicted on the display.
  • the enlarged image 17 is projected by the optical element 16 so as to appear to be located at a distance d from the user that may be infinity or less than infinity depending upon the application for which the system 10 is worn.
  • the optical element 16 is at least semi-transparent so that the projected image 17 appears to be superimposed on the real world, a portion of which is viewed by the user through the optical element 16.
  • the frame 12 includes a central support 18 on which the optical element 16 and display 14 are mounted so that the optical element 16 is in the direct line of sight 20 of one of the user's eyes.
  • the central support 18 is coupled to a headband 22 by a pair of arms 24 and 26.
  • the headband 22 includes a contoured front portion 28 made of a material such as plastic that has the structural integrity to support the arms 24, 26, central support 18, display 14 and optical element 16.
  • a foam pad 30 or the like is disposed on an inner surface of the front portion 28 of the headband 22 so as to provide a cushion between the user's head and the front portion 28 of the headband 22.
  • the headband 22 also includes an adjustable strap 32 that may be made of fabric, plastic or the like so as to secure the frame 12 about a user's head.
  • the central support 18 and thus the optical element 16 may be moved towards the user's face or away therefrom by the adjustable coupling of the arms 24 and 26 to the central support 18. More particularly, mounted on an outer end of each of the arms 24, 26, is a locking interface member 42.
  • the locking interface member 42 on the arm 24 engages a portion of a locking member 34 that extends through a slot 38 in the central support 18.
  • a locking interface member on the arm 26 engages a portion of a locking member 36 that extends through a slot 40 formed on a side of the central support opposite the side of the slot 38.
  • the central support 18 is moved away from the face of the user.
  • This adjustable mounting for the central support 18 and thus the optical element 16 allows the optical element 16 to be adjustably positioned so as to accommodate different users.
  • the arms 24 and 26 may be pivotally attached to the headband 22 by adjustable clamping members 46 and 48 so that the central support 18 can be raised and lowered.
  • a housing 50 for the electronics of the head mounted display system may be disposed adjacent one of the clamping members 48 on a side of the frame 12 that is opposite to the location of the display 14 and optical element 16 so as to act as a counterweight thereto.
  • the optical element 16 as shown in detail in the exploded perspective view of Fig. 3 has a solid body formed of a first prism 52 and second prism 54.
  • a lower surface 56 of the upper prism portion 52 is cut at a 45° angle with respect to a face 58 of the display 14.
  • An upper surface 60 of the lower prism portion 54 of the optical element 16 has a 45° angle cut that is complimentary to the 45° angle cut of the upper prism portion 52 to allow the surfaces 56 and 60 to abut each other to form an optical element 16 having a solid body.
  • a partially reflective coating 60 is formed on either the upper surface 60 of the lower prism 54 as shown in Fig.
  • the lower prism portion 54 has a focusing surface 62 that has a spherical shape to magnify the information depicted on the display 14.
  • the focusing surface 62 has a central axis 64 that extends through a vertex of the surface 62 wherein the central axis 64 is coaxial with a central axis of the display 14, the central axis of the display 14 being perpendicular to the face 58 of the display 14.
  • the central axis 64 of the focusing surface 62 is also perpendicular to the direct line of sight or see through axis 20 of the optical element 16.
  • the focusing surface 62 of the lower prism 54 is made fully reflective so as to reflect an image of the information depicted on the face 58 of the display 14 to the partial reflector 60 that in turn reflects the image to an eye of the user.
  • the user perceives an enlarged image of the displayed information as projected by the focusing surface 62 at a distance from the user that is greater than the optical path from the display to the user's eye through the optical element 16. Because the internal coating 60 is partially reflective, the image perceived by the user appears to be superimposed upon the real world.
  • the central axis 64 of the focusing surface 62 having magnification power is perpendicular to the visual axis 20 along which the user looks to perceive the image, the portion of the real world viewed by the user through the optical element 16 is not distorted. This is extremely important when the head mounted display system is worn by a user who has to function in the real world.
  • the solid body of the optical element 16 makes it extremely rugged. Further, because the reflector 60 is contained within the solid body of the optical element 16 so that it is internal therein, the reflective coating cannot be scratched and dirt cannot accumulate thereon. This also contributes to the ruggedness of the optical system of the present invention.
  • the sides 66 and 68 of the optical element 16 are covered with a black material or coating that is extremely thin, as is the bottom of the focusing surface 62 of the optical element 16.
  • the coating on the optical surface 62 protects the surface 62 so that it in effect is internal to the optical element 16. Further, the sides 66 and 68 of the optical element 16 seem to disappear when colored black so that they are not perceived by the user. The displayed information thus appears to be part of the real world.
  • the reflective coating 60 is preferably within the range of 25% to 75% reflective whereas the focusing surface 62 of the optical element is made 100% reflective.
  • the prisms 52 and 54 may be formed of a transparent material having an index of refraction of 1.00 to 1.78.
  • One preferred material is polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) having an index of 1.49.
  • the lower surface 62 is covered as shown in Fig. 9 with a resilient shock absorbing material 65 such as rubber or the like so as to form a cushion or bumper on the bottom of the optical element 16.
  • a resilient shock absorbing material 65 such as rubber or the like so as to form a cushion or bumper on the bottom of the optical element 16.
  • the bumper 65 is preferably black in color or coated with a black material so as to reduce the visual prominence thereof. It has been found that the solid body optical element 16 forms a rugged support for a microphone 67 that is employed to pick up voice commands from the user for controlling the information depicted on the display 14.
  • the microphone 67 is preferably a noise cancellation microphone that is mounted on the bottom 65 of the optical element 16 adjacent an inner most corner 69 of the element 16 so that the microphone 67 is positioned in close proximity to the user's mouth.
  • Wires 71 connecting the microphone 67 to electronics contained in the housing 70 and/or housing 50 are further preferably formed by deposition of a metal film on one of the black sides 68 of the optical element 16 and a portion of the bottom 65 of the optical element 16 so as to connect to the microphone 67. After the wires 71 are deposited on the side and bottom portion of the optical element 16 they are covered by an electrically insulating coating or material that is preferably black in color.
  • optical element 16 as a mounting surface for the microphone 67 eliminates the need for a boom or the like to mount the microphone on the system 10.
  • the head mounted display system 10 with integral optical element 16 and microphone 67 is extremely compact, rugged and cost effectively manufacturable.
  • the display 14 is adjustably mounted in a housing 70 disposed on an upper surface of the central support 18 to vary the distance between the face 58 of the display 14 with respect to the focusing surface 62 as shown in Fig. 4.
  • the peripheral edge of the display 14 is supported in a movable member 72 between a bottom flange 74 and an upper flange 76.
  • a backlight assembly 78 is also supported in the movable member 72.
  • the display 14 may take the form of a liquid crystal display panel wherein the backlight 78 may take the form of a miniature fluorescent tube or the like.
  • the movable member 72 is formed with a threaded aperture 80 therein for receiving a threaded screw 82 or the like, the head of which is attached to a focusing knob 84.
  • the threaded screw extends through an elongated aperture 86 formed in the housing 70 wherein the knob 84 may be moved upwardly in the aperture 86 to slide the display 14 upward with respect to the optical element 16.
  • the knob 84 is turned so as to tighten the knob against the wall 88 of the housing 70 to securely maintained the position of the display 14.
  • the knob 84 is first loosened and moved downwardly in the aperture 86 of the housing 70. After the display 14 is moved to the desired position, the knob 84 is again tightened against the wall 88 of the housing 70.
  • a second embodiment of the display assembly for use with the optical element 16 of the present invention is illustrated in the exploded view of Fig. 5.
  • the liquid crystal display 14 is positioned adjacent an upper surface 90 of the upper prism 52.
  • An illumination assembly 92 is disposed on top of the display 14 so as to be adjacent to the back thereof.
  • the illumination assembly 92 includes a light emitting diode (LED) array 94 that forms a backlight for the display 14.
  • a Fresnel lens or light coUimator 96 Disposed between the LED array 94 and the liquid crystal display 14 is a Fresnel lens or light coUimator 96 that captures the light from the LED array 94 and focuses the light onto a light diffuser 98.
  • the light diffuser 98 is disposed between the coUimator 96 and the display 14 wherein the light diffuser is employed to provide a diffuse light to the back of the liquid crystal display panel 14.
  • the illumination assembly 92 is very low in power consumption and is also compact so as to be extremely suitable for a head mounted display system.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates a second embodiment of the optical element 16 that is similar to the embodiments depicted in Figs. 3 and 5; however, the upper surface 100 of the upper prism 52 is curved so as to form a lens surface of the optical element 16.
  • a zoom system is provided by inserting a negative lens 102 between the optical element 16 and the display 14 wherein the negative lens 102 is movable vertically so as to vary the distance of the lens 102 between the display 14 and optical element 16.
  • a polarizer 104 as shown in Fig. 4 may be mounted on the central support 18 in front of the user's non-display viewing eye.
  • the polarizer 104 also functions to eliminate eye dominance problems that various users might experience.
  • the polarizer 104 includes a first element 106 that is polarized horizontally for example.
  • a second element 108 is also polarized horizontally but is adjustable with respect to the element 106 so as to change the angle of polarization thereof with respect to the polarization of the element 108.
  • a binocular head mounted display system can be provided.
  • the display and optical element associated with one eye and the display and optical element associated with the user's other eye are disposed on the central support 18 at a convergence angle with respect to each other so that the enlarged image projected by the right eye optical element 16 coincides with the enlarged image projected by the left eye optical element 16.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)

Abstract

Casque virtuel (10) comprenant un élément optique pourvu d'un corps solide qui est monté sur un cadre (12) supportant un écran d'affichage (14, ce casque se fixant sur la tête. L'élément optique (16) comprend un revêtement intente partiellement réfléchissant (60) qui est placé au niveau d'un angle de 45° par rapport à l'écran d'affichage (14) et par lequel un utilisateur regarde afin de visualiser une image transmettant des informations se trouvant comme superposées sur le monde réel. L'élément optique (16) solide possède une surface de focalisation (62) qui est conçue de façon à agrandir l'image des informations présentées. Cette surface de focalisation (62) possède un axe central qui est coaxial à un axe de l'écran d'affichage (14) et perpendiculaire à l'axe visuel le long duquel l'utilisateur regarde pour percevoir l'image projetée. L'élément optique (16) est extrêmement robuste et projette une image virtuelle sans images fantômes tout en permettant à l'utilisateur de voir simultanément le monde réel.
PCT/US1996/020719 1996-01-11 1996-12-20 Systeme de casque virtuel comprenant un element optique pourvu d'un corps solide presentant des surfaces reflechissantes internes Ceased WO1997025646A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US58454196A 1996-01-11 1996-01-11
US08/584,541 1996-01-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997025646A1 true WO1997025646A1 (fr) 1997-07-17

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1996/020719 Ceased WO1997025646A1 (fr) 1996-01-11 1996-12-20 Systeme de casque virtuel comprenant un element optique pourvu d'un corps solide presentant des surfaces reflechissantes internes

Country Status (1)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19942586A1 (de) * 1999-09-08 2001-03-15 Volkswagen Ag Verfahren und Anordnung zur Vorbereitung eines Crash-Versuches mit einem Kraftfahrzeug
EP1027626A4 (fr) * 1997-10-30 2005-07-27 Microoptical Corp Dispositif d'affichage electronique leger, compact, amovible pour verres de lunettes ou autres montures de lunettes portees en casque
WO2014085102A1 (fr) * 2012-11-30 2014-06-05 Google Inc. Inclinaison de faisceau optique interne double axe pour oculaire de dispositif d'affichage monté sur tête (hmd)
US9285591B1 (en) 2014-08-29 2016-03-15 Google Inc. Compact architecture for near-to-eye display system
US9759923B2 (en) 2015-11-19 2017-09-12 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Low-stress waveguide mounting for head-mounted display device
US9766461B2 (en) 2015-01-20 2017-09-19 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Head-mounted display device with stress-resistant components
EP3186676A4 (fr) * 2014-08-29 2018-04-25 Google LLC Système optomécanique pour un dispositif placé sur la tête
US10120194B2 (en) 2016-01-22 2018-11-06 Corning Incorporated Wide field personal display
US10976551B2 (en) 2017-08-30 2021-04-13 Corning Incorporated Wide field personal display device

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4269476A (en) * 1978-11-07 1981-05-26 Thomson-Csf Helmet-mounted display system
US4808978A (en) * 1984-11-06 1989-02-28 Sintra Display system comprising a transparent emissive screen
US5003300A (en) * 1987-07-27 1991-03-26 Reflection Technology, Inc. Head mounted display for miniature video display system
US5453877A (en) * 1988-10-21 1995-09-26 Thomson-Csf Optical system of collimation notably for helmet display unit
US5546227A (en) * 1993-02-24 1996-08-13 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Image display apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4269476A (en) * 1978-11-07 1981-05-26 Thomson-Csf Helmet-mounted display system
US4808978A (en) * 1984-11-06 1989-02-28 Sintra Display system comprising a transparent emissive screen
US5003300A (en) * 1987-07-27 1991-03-26 Reflection Technology, Inc. Head mounted display for miniature video display system
US5453877A (en) * 1988-10-21 1995-09-26 Thomson-Csf Optical system of collimation notably for helmet display unit
US5546227A (en) * 1993-02-24 1996-08-13 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. Image display apparatus

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1027626A4 (fr) * 1997-10-30 2005-07-27 Microoptical Corp Dispositif d'affichage electronique leger, compact, amovible pour verres de lunettes ou autres montures de lunettes portees en casque
DE19942586A1 (de) * 1999-09-08 2001-03-15 Volkswagen Ag Verfahren und Anordnung zur Vorbereitung eines Crash-Versuches mit einem Kraftfahrzeug
US9733477B2 (en) 2012-11-30 2017-08-15 Google Inc. Dual axis internal optical beam tilt for eyepiece of an HMD
WO2014085102A1 (fr) * 2012-11-30 2014-06-05 Google Inc. Inclinaison de faisceau optique interne double axe pour oculaire de dispositif d'affichage monté sur tête (hmd)
US8867139B2 (en) 2012-11-30 2014-10-21 Google Inc. Dual axis internal optical beam tilt for eyepiece of an HMD
EP3186676A4 (fr) * 2014-08-29 2018-04-25 Google LLC Système optomécanique pour un dispositif placé sur la tête
US9285591B1 (en) 2014-08-29 2016-03-15 Google Inc. Compact architecture for near-to-eye display system
US9766461B2 (en) 2015-01-20 2017-09-19 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Head-mounted display device with stress-resistant components
US9851564B2 (en) 2015-01-20 2017-12-26 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Head-mounted display device with protective visor
US9759923B2 (en) 2015-11-19 2017-09-12 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Low-stress waveguide mounting for head-mounted display device
US10120194B2 (en) 2016-01-22 2018-11-06 Corning Incorporated Wide field personal display
US10649210B2 (en) 2016-01-22 2020-05-12 Corning Incorporated Wide field personal display
US10976551B2 (en) 2017-08-30 2021-04-13 Corning Incorporated Wide field personal display device

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