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WO1997025594A1 - Dispositif perfectionne de controle de debit - Google Patents

Dispositif perfectionne de controle de debit Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997025594A1
WO1997025594A1 PCT/GB1997/000086 GB9700086W WO9725594A1 WO 1997025594 A1 WO1997025594 A1 WO 1997025594A1 GB 9700086 W GB9700086 W GB 9700086W WO 9725594 A1 WO9725594 A1 WO 9725594A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
insert
conduit
flowmeter
flow
flow restrictor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB1997/000086
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Joseph Calderhead Allan
Andrew Allan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Expro North Sea Ltd
Original Assignee
Expro North Sea Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Expro North Sea Ltd filed Critical Expro North Sea Ltd
Priority to AU13920/97A priority Critical patent/AU1392097A/en
Publication of WO1997025594A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997025594A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/34—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure
    • G01F1/36—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction
    • G01F1/40—Details of construction of the flow constriction devices
    • G01F1/44—Venturi tubes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to flow monitoring apparatus for monitoring the flow of fluids in pipes.
  • the invention is concerned with flow monitoring apparatus in which there are no moving parts and which is based on the Venturi principle.
  • the invention also relates to monitoring the flow rate of hydrocarbon products through a pipeline which carries the products from an underground hydrocarbon reservoir and also to injection-type wells.
  • the hydrocarbon products can be in single-phase flow or multi-phase flow and can be an oil/water/gas mixture or a wet or dry/gas mixture.
  • 2261519B discloses a hydrocarbon flow rate monitor known as a Sureflo device which is able to measure the flow of fluid through a production pipe by using a drill string during drill string testing (DST) of the production pipe. Measurements of pressure are taken from various points from which fluid density and ultimately flow rate of hydrocarbons in the production pipe can be calculated. A modification of this flowmeter was disclosed in applicant's International Patent Application No. W094/16295 where the Venturi flowmeter was provided with pressure measurement stations on either side of the flow restrictor co provide increased flexibility cf use and accuracy of flow rate measurement.
  • Pressures are measured at the inlet to the Venturi and at the throat of the Venturi and can be measured at a third pressure sensor located upstream or downstream of the carrier to calculate a value for density as disclosed in W094/16295.
  • Various combinations of measurements are made so as to calculate the fluid density and ultimately the flow rate as is set forth in detail in the aforementioned patents.
  • Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings With existing arrangements, when applied to a wireline retrievable throat design, as shown in Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings, it will be seen that three sets of seals are used to isolate the Venturi upstream/ throat pressures. Because relatively small pressure differentials are associated with Venturi operation, that is about 10 psi bonded (70 durometer) viton is used. In order to protect the seals from mechanical damage as the wireline assembly is run, it is necessary to include a centraliser on the spacer tube. The inclusion of the centraliser makes it necessary, in turn, to step down from the lock seal bore to the Venturi seal bore. Furthermore, it is also necessary to use a nose piece at the upstream end to provide sufficient flow straightening to minimise turbulence. It should be understood that existing Sureflo device, such as the aforedescribed device, conform to ISO 5167 specification.
  • this tool suffers from a number of disadvantages such as elastomer unreliability, the provision of the step bores reduce the diameter of the through bore, the elastomers require large jarring forces to enter the Venturi seal bore and the wireline assembly is relatively long.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an improved flow monitoring apparatus which obviates or mitigates at least one of the aforementioned disadvantages associated with the existing flow monitoring apparatus.
  • flow restrictor insert in the bore of a conduit or pipe, the flow restrictor insert being arranged so as to create an annular flow path around the insert.
  • the flow restrictor insert has a leading upstream end which is disposed between first and second pressure monitoring stations, whereby pressures measured at these stations can be used to calculate flow rate in accordance with known established methodology.
  • a remote pressure sensor either upstream of downstream of the insert, but preferably downstream is used in conjunction with one of the pressure sensors at the Venturi, as is well known being disclosed in W094/16295, so as to be able to calculate fluid density p from the pressure difference based on the general formula
  • P x is the pressure at the venturi inlet
  • the remote pressure sensor can be located at any distance from the Venturi and, in practice a distance of 400' (120m) is used.
  • the flowmeter operates on the Venturi principle but the geometrical arrangement of the structure is radically different from previously disclosed arrangements.
  • the flow restrictor insert is centrally and axially located in the bore and annular flow areas are created between the flow restrictor insert and the conduit bore wall thereby eliminating the requirement for seals.
  • a further advantage of this arrangement is tha the flow restrictor insert may be wireline retrievable as before if used on a temporary basis.
  • the flow restrictor insert can be oriented in the bore such that the leading end is downstream or upstream. Upstream is preferred as it is easier to retrieve when wireline retrievable assemblies are used.
  • a method of monitoring the flow rate of fluid flowing through a conduit comprising the steps of: providing first and second pressure monitoring stations axially spaced apart along said conduit, said first and second pressure monitoring stations permitting measurement of pressures thereat; disposing within the conduit bore a fluid flow restrictor insert, the leading end of said flow restrictor insert being disposed between the first and the second pressure monitoring stations, the flow restrictor insert being arranged to create an annular flow area in the vicinity of said second fluid monitoring station and to provide a Venturi effect, measuring pressures at said first and said second pressure monitoring points whereby such measured pressures are processed to derive data for determining the flow rate of said fluid.
  • a flowmeter for measuring flow rate of fluid flowing in a conduit, said flowmeter comprising: a flowmeter conduit portion for coupling to upstream and downstream conduits, said flowmeter conduit portion having first and second pressure measurement stations axially spaced along the conduit portion in the wall of the conduit portion; a flow restrictor insert for location in said conduit bore, said insert having a leading end which is disposed when the insert is so located, between the first and second pressure measuring stations, the insert being shaped to cause the fluid to flow through an annular area in the vicinity of the second pressure measuring station passing, whereby a Venturi effect is created by the insert and pressure measurement data from the first and second measurement stations are used to calculate fluid flow rates in the conduit.
  • the flow restrictor insert is wireline retrievable.
  • the flow restrictor insert is secured within the conduit bore.
  • the flow restrictor insert is coupled to a downstream carrier which is locked to the conduit wall by locking means.
  • the insert firstly widens from the carrier towards the conduit wall then reduces in diameter in the upstream direction to the leading end.
  • the shape of the flow restrictor insert may be varied as long as the combination of the shape and the conduit bore results in a flowmeter which incorporates the Venturi principle.
  • the flow restrictor is coupled to the bore wall by radial supports and is substantially hydrofoil shaped in side view with the upstream leading end located between first and second pressure sensors and the second pressure sensor being disposed in the conduit wall in the Venturi throat opposite a substantially flat portion of the flow restrictor.
  • a flowmeter for measuring the flow rate of a fluid flowing in a conduit
  • said flowmeter comprising a flowmeter conduit portion for coupling to upstream and downstream conduits, a flow restrictor insert for location within said conduit bore, and having coupling means location securing the insert within the conduit bore
  • the flow restrictor insert being shaped so as to be disposed substantially centrally in said bore and having a first and a second portion of different diameter extending for respective lengths along said bore, each respective length portion having a pressure measurement station located therein, the insert being shaped to cause fluid flowing downstream to flow through a first annular area in the vicinity of a first pressure measurement station in the smaller diameter portion and through a second smaller annular area in the vicinity of a second pressure measurement station in the larger diameter portion, whereby a Venturi effect is created by the flow restrict insert and pressure measurement data from the first and second pressure measurement stations are used to calculate fluid flow rates in the conduit.
  • the relatively narrow diameter leading end portion has a first pressure sensor which smoothly connects to the relatively wider portion with the second pressure sensor.
  • the carrier may be located downstream of the pressure measuring stations or upstream of the pressure measuring stations.
  • the insert is centralised in the bore so that the annulus is of a constant size in the vicinity of the second pressure measuring station.
  • the insert is not centralised.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross-section through part of a conduit with a prior art Venturi flowmeter
  • Fig. 2 is a similar cross-section through a conduit with a flowmeter in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention incorporated into the conduit, and
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view taken of the insert in the tube bore of Fig. 2 showing the structure of the carrier;
  • Fig. 4 is a view of a flow resistor insert, similar to Fig. 2, in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a view of a further embodiment of a flow restrictor insert where the pressure sensors are located in the insert.
  • FIG. 2 of the drawings depicts a flowmeter, generally indicated by reference numeral 10, which consists of part of a pipeline conduit 12 having two pressure monitoring stations PI and P2 spaced apart axially along the wall of the conduit 10.
  • the conduit 10 is coupled to adjacent pipe sections (not shown in the interest of clarity) .
  • a flow restrictor insert generally indicated by reference numeral 14 is located within the conduit 10 .
  • the flow restrictor insert consists of a centralised leading end 16 which is connected by an intermediate portion 18 to a flow restrictor carrier, generally indicated by reference numeral 20.
  • the flow restrictor carrier 20 is located within the bore by means of locking dogs 22 engaging with recesses 24 in the conduit bore 12.
  • the flow restrictor leading end 16 is centralised within the bore by means of centralising buttons, generally indicated by reference numerals 26.
  • Fig. 3 shows that the carrier 20 is generally cylindrical shaped with a cross-piece 21 supporting intermediate portion 18 so that fluid flow passages 28 and 30 are disposed on either side of the portion 18.
  • the intermediate portion is also hollow and has apertures 31 so that fluid can flow into the carrier where it combines with fluid passing through passages 28, 30.
  • the flow restrictor insert 16 is generally shaped like a hydrofoil in cross- section with the width of the insert increasing upstream, from portion 18, to a constant width in the vicinity of pressure measurement station P2 and then tapering U D ⁇ tream to an apex 32 disposed approximately midway between pressure measuring stations PI and P2.
  • the fluid In operation, when fluid flows downstream through the pipe, as shown in Fig. 2, the fluid first of all passes measurement station Pi and pressure is measured. Before the fluid reaches pressure measurement station P2, it encounters the apex 32 of the flow restrictor insert 16 where the fluid is constrained by the insert to travel in the path as shown in Fig. 2 such that in the vicinity of station P2 the fluid flows through an annular area, thus P2 measures pressure of fluid flowing through a much smaller area.
  • the flow restrictor insert 14 creates a Venturi effect which is the same in principle, but with a different structure, to that disclosed in the aforementioned U.K. Patent No. 2261519B.
  • the fluid After the fluid passes measurement station P2, it continues to travel through an annular cross-sectional area but which increases as the diameter of the insert decreases until the fluid flow reaches the carrier 20 whereupon it travels on either side of the cross-piece 21, through the passages 28,30 and through apertures 31 and portion 18 before merging within the carrier 20 downstream of the cross-piece 21.
  • the insert creates a Venturi effect so that the pressures measured stations PI and P2 are different and can be used to calculate flow rate wither with a measured or assumed value of density. Consequently, flow rate as can be achieved as with the Venturi flowmeters of the aforementioned disclosures.
  • the flowmeter 14 shown in Fig. 2 may be combined with a pressure sensor on a remote gauge carrier (not shown) which can be located upstream or downstream of the flowmeter 14 to provide a further pressure differential using the Venturi inlet pressure (or throat pressure) so that a value of fluid density can be measured as disclosed in W094/16295. If a value of density is assumed then the flowmeter shown in Fig. 2 is all that is needed for measuring flow rate.
  • the flowmeter 40 has a hydrofoil shaped insert 42 which is located axially within the bore 44 by means of radial supports 46 which lock dogs 46 into bore recesses 48 in the same way as in Fig. 2. It will be seen that the leading end 50 of the insert 42 is located between pressure monitoring stations P x and P 2 with the insert being flat in the vicinity of P 2 that is, inthe Venturi throat. In operation the flowmeter works in the same way as the first embodiment but requires less length and no carrier is needed.
  • This structure may be permanent or may be wireline retrievable with the downstream end coupling via a mechanism to the locking dogs so that the device can be installed and removed by a wireline tool.
  • Fig. 5 of the drawings depicts a further embodiment of the invention which is similar to Fig. 4.
  • the flowmeter 60 has an insert 62 which has a leading portion 64, located upstream, and a trailing portion 66 located downstream, portion 64 being of smaller diameter (width) than portion 66 and having co-axially directed surfaces 65,67 which are smoothly connected by portion 68.
  • pressure monitoring station P x is located in portion 64 and pressure monitoring station P 2 is located in portion 66.
  • the monitoring is achieved using known electronic processing circuitry 70,72 to process the signals for storing in memory gauges 74 in the insert or by induction coupling (for a permanent unit) to a wireline lowered unit.
  • a temporary unit in accordance with this embodiment is particularly advantageous if the pressure sensors fail and thus can be readily replaced.
  • the intermediate portion of flow restrictor shown in Figs 2,3 may not be hollow but could have a solid central portion and side channels, the solid and central portion containing pressure gauge electronics and/or memory gauges similar to those shown in Fig. 5 when the leading end of the insert contains pressure gauges.
  • the aforementioned structure has many benefits which are believed to be greatest for wireline retrievable tools.
  • the ESP Sureflo is assembled in a controlled environment, the improved reliability via seal elimination is considered significant. Therefore, the advantages which this tool has in comparison to the prior art tools are that the seals are eliminated, improving tool reliability and the requirement for step seal bores is eliminated which increases tool through bore.
  • the insert can be located either upstream or downstream of the pressure measuring stations depending on particular requirements.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un débitmètre (10, 40, 60) qui utilise le principe de Venturi et dans lequel une pièce rapportée faisant office de dispositif d'étranglement du flux (14, 42, 62) est disposée dans l'alésage d'un conduit (12) de manière à permettre la mesure du débit d'un fluide s'écoulant dans ledit conduit (12). Cette pièce rapportée, qui fait office de dispositif d'étranglement du flux, est agencée de façon à ce que le fluide soit obligé de s'écouler dans une voie d'écoulement annulaire autour de ladite pièce. Des postes (P1, P2) de mesure de la pression peuvent être installés dans la paroi du conduit ou dans la pièce d'étranglement du flux (62). Ladite pièce rapportée, qui fait office de dispositif d'étranglement du flux, peut être permanente ou être récupérée à l'aide d'un câble métallique.
PCT/GB1997/000086 1996-01-13 1997-01-10 Dispositif perfectionne de controle de debit Ceased WO1997025594A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU13920/97A AU1392097A (en) 1996-01-13 1997-01-10 Improved flow monitoring apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9600699.4A GB9600699D0 (en) 1996-01-13 1996-01-13 Improved flow monitoring apparatus
GB9600699.4 1996-01-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997025594A1 true WO1997025594A1 (fr) 1997-07-17

Family

ID=10786999

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1997/000086 Ceased WO1997025594A1 (fr) 1996-01-13 1997-01-10 Dispositif perfectionne de controle de debit

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU1392097A (fr)
GB (1) GB9600699D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997025594A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000042391A1 (fr) * 1999-01-13 2000-07-20 Expro North Sea Limited Appareil perfectionne de surveillance de debit
EP2787329A1 (fr) * 2013-04-04 2014-10-08 Nanjing Youyang Control Technology Co. Ltd Mesurer un flux d'un fluide à travers une section de tube cylindrique
WO2015160925A1 (fr) * 2014-04-15 2015-10-22 Baker Hughes Incorporated Débitmètre de vitesse de fluide pour un puits de forage
WO2018120733A1 (fr) * 2016-12-30 2018-07-05 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 Connecteur électrique, dispositif d'essai d'état de fluide et système d'échange de chaleur de fluide
US11421916B2 (en) 2016-12-30 2022-08-23 Beijing Goldwind Science & Creation Windpower Equipment Co., Ltd. Electrical connector, fluid state test device and fluid heat exchange system

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4644800A (en) * 1986-06-02 1987-02-24 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Annular venturi flow measuring device
EP0235032A2 (fr) * 1986-02-21 1987-09-02 Flopetrol Services, Inc. Débimètre destiné notamment aux puits d'hydrocarbures
WO1987006710A1 (fr) * 1986-04-24 1987-11-05 Roland Sommer Dispositif et procede pour mesurer la vitesse d'un ecoulement libre dans l'espace
GB2217462A (en) * 1988-04-25 1989-10-25 Secr Defence A removable fluid flow meter
US5265478A (en) * 1991-03-05 1993-11-30 Mckay Mark D Fluid flow monitoring device
EP0679873A2 (fr) * 1994-04-30 1995-11-02 Horiba, Ltd. Venturi variable pour écoulement critique

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0235032A2 (fr) * 1986-02-21 1987-09-02 Flopetrol Services, Inc. Débimètre destiné notamment aux puits d'hydrocarbures
WO1987006710A1 (fr) * 1986-04-24 1987-11-05 Roland Sommer Dispositif et procede pour mesurer la vitesse d'un ecoulement libre dans l'espace
US4644800A (en) * 1986-06-02 1987-02-24 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Annular venturi flow measuring device
GB2217462A (en) * 1988-04-25 1989-10-25 Secr Defence A removable fluid flow meter
US5265478A (en) * 1991-03-05 1993-11-30 Mckay Mark D Fluid flow monitoring device
EP0679873A2 (fr) * 1994-04-30 1995-11-02 Horiba, Ltd. Venturi variable pour écoulement critique

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000042391A1 (fr) * 1999-01-13 2000-07-20 Expro North Sea Limited Appareil perfectionne de surveillance de debit
US6874374B2 (en) 1999-01-13 2005-04-05 Expro North Sea Limited Flowmeter apparatus
EP2787329A1 (fr) * 2013-04-04 2014-10-08 Nanjing Youyang Control Technology Co. Ltd Mesurer un flux d'un fluide à travers une section de tube cylindrique
WO2015160925A1 (fr) * 2014-04-15 2015-10-22 Baker Hughes Incorporated Débitmètre de vitesse de fluide pour un puits de forage
US9574438B2 (en) 2014-04-15 2017-02-21 Baker Hughes Incorporated Fluid velocity flow meter for a wellbore
WO2018120733A1 (fr) * 2016-12-30 2018-07-05 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 Connecteur électrique, dispositif d'essai d'état de fluide et système d'échange de chaleur de fluide
US11421916B2 (en) 2016-12-30 2022-08-23 Beijing Goldwind Science & Creation Windpower Equipment Co., Ltd. Electrical connector, fluid state test device and fluid heat exchange system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9600699D0 (en) 1996-03-13
AU1392097A (en) 1997-08-01

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