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WO1997023924A1 - Connecteur electrique - Google Patents

Connecteur electrique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1997023924A1
WO1997023924A1 PCT/GB1996/003158 GB9603158W WO9723924A1 WO 1997023924 A1 WO1997023924 A1 WO 1997023924A1 GB 9603158 W GB9603158 W GB 9603158W WO 9723924 A1 WO9723924 A1 WO 9723924A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sleeve
solder
connector
conductors
connecting element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB1996/003158
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Dominique Bluteau
Thierry Coltin
Sylvain Briens
Jean Christian Delamotte
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commscope Connectivity Belgium BVBA
Raychem SA
Raychem Ltd
Original Assignee
Raychem NV SA
Raychem SA
Raychem Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Raychem NV SA, Raychem SA, Raychem Ltd filed Critical Raychem NV SA
Publication of WO1997023924A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997023924A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/70—Insulation of connections
    • H01R4/72—Insulation of connections using a heat shrinking insulating sleeve
    • H01R4/723—Making a soldered electrical connection simultaneously with the heat shrinking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/22—End caps, i.e. of insulating or conductive material for covering or maintaining connections between wires entering the cap from the same end

Definitions

  • the connector comprises a heat-recoverable polymeric tubular sleeve that contains a quantity of solder for making a permanent electrical connection between at least two electrical conductors, at least one of which may be an elongate insulated wire that has insulation removed from a portion thereof, and material for sealing the electrical connection against ingress of moisture or other contaminants .
  • SOLDERSLEEVE Connectors of this general type have been known for many years, and are available from Raychem under its trademark SOLDERSLEEVE.
  • One kind of SOLDERSLEEVE connector has solder in the shape of a ring centrally contained within a heat-recoverable cylindrical polymeric sleeve that is open at each end.
  • An annular insert of fusible material may also be provided towards each end of the sleeve.
  • Application of heat to this connector causes the sleeve to shrink and the solder to melt so as to connect the stripped ends of elongate conductors introduced into respective ends of the sleeve.
  • the fusible inserts melt and flow around the respective conductors to form an environmental, eg moisture, seal therewith, and to retain the solder in place.
  • Such connectors have found widespread acceptance in many markets.
  • WO 93/20596 also discloses a connector comprising a tapering metal connecting element surrounded by a solder ring, in turn surrounded by a heat-shrinkable sleeve. Electrical connection of inserted conductors is made by application of both induction heating and hot air or infra red heating. Sealant material is provided in the form of a ring spaced longitudinally from the connecting element and solder.
  • WO 94/09531 discloses an electrical connector comprising a tapering metal connecting element surrounded by a heat shrinkable sleeve coated on its inner surface with hot melt adhesive. Electrical connection of inserted conductors is made simply by twisting them into the connecting element, without the use of solder. Heating is achieved by infra red heaters, hot air guns, or naked flames.
  • US Patent No. 4206786 discloses a connector for forming an in-line splice between two wires in which a heat recoverable sleeve encloses a shorter tubular fusible member which retains a spherical quantity of solder longitudinally centrally thereof.
  • a disadvantage of each of these connectors lies in the number of components required and thus the time taken to effect their assembly, and the resulting cost of making the connector.
  • US Patent No. 4883925 discloses a sealed solder connector for forming an in-line splice, that comprises a heat recoverable plastic tubing containing a co-extensive temperature controlled adhesive film and that retains a ring of solder longitudinally centrally thereof.
  • US Patent 5137478 discloses a connector comprising a heat recoverable plastic tubing containing a co-extensive adhesive coating that is recovered at one end on to an electrical terminal member of semi-circular shape coated with a low temperature solder.
  • a wire is inserted into the open end of the sleeve, located over the soldered terminal and heat is applied to the connector to make the solder connection between the wire and the terminal, recover the sleeve into conformity with the wire, and to melt the adhesive to seal the sleeve.
  • a torch as the heat source.
  • Whilsl a torch such as a butane gas torch, is widely used for installation of this general kind of connector, it does introduce a difficulty where, as in US Patent Nos. 4206786, 4883925 and 5137478, the solder is contained within an outer layer of adhesive.
  • the problem is that the outer adhesive layer can melt before the solder melts, or at least before the soldered connection has been fully formed, so that the presence of the adhesive can interfere with, and in extreme cases prevent, the formation of a good solder bond between the conductors. This difficulty is exacerbated if at least one of the conductors is of stranded configuration.
  • an electrical connector for electrically connecting together at least two electrical conductors, the connector comprising:
  • the sleeve and sealant are coextruded and cut to length, thus simplifying the manufacturing process and reducing its cost in comparison with connectors having one or more discrete portions of sealant.
  • the heat flowable sealant may comprise a hot melt adhesive.
  • the connector of the invention is particularly advantageous when, upon installation, heat is applied to it by means of electric induction from a surrounding coil.
  • the induced currents taking advantage of the skin effect, directly and preferentially heat the metal connecting element and the solder, and then subsequently thermal transfer therefrom heats the sealant and the sleeve.
  • the electrical solder connection can be made before any substantial interference can occur from the flowing sealant, unlike the situation that would occur if torch heating were to be used.
  • Heating of a connector of the general type disclosed in the above-mentioned publications using induction heating is known, and is disclosed for example in European Patent Application Publication NO. 0634059.
  • induction heating requires the provision of electricity in order to produce an a.c. field.
  • direct heating eg by a torch only requires the provision of a fuel such as liquefied petroleum gases. Pressurised cylinders and canisters of liquefied petroleum gases are readily available in portable form. The skilled person would therefore not routinely use induction heating in place of direct heating provided by the combustion of fuel.
  • a method of electrically connecting together at least two electrical conductors by means of an electrical connector comprising a heat-recoverable polymeric tubular sleeve that has a layer of heat-flowable sealant material extending over substantially the entire inner surface thereof, the sleeve having at least one open end, and wherein the sleeve contains a quantity of solder
  • the method comprising, introducing at least one electrical conductor into the open end of the sleeve so as to be adjacent at least one other electrical conductor and the solder within the sleeve, and applying an alternating high frequency magnetic field to the solder and/or conductors thereby to generate heat so as to melt the solder to form the electrical connection between the conductors and subsequently to melt the sealant to cause it to flow around the connected conductors and to recover the sleeve so as to enclose the sealant and the connected conductors.
  • the connector is used in the method
  • Thermal transfer to heat the non-metallic components of the connector can be significantly improved by employing a susceptor around these components longitudinally beyond the metal components.
  • the same, or a different, induction coil can be used to induce eddy currents in the metal susceptor, and the infrared radiation that is then generated is directed on to the sleeve and sealant.
  • the connector contains a quantity of solder for forming a permanent solder connection between the or each conductor and the terminal shank.
  • the connector also contains a quantity of heat flowable sealant material for sealing the connection of the terminal against ingress of moisture or other contaminant.
  • the solder and/or the sealant may be provided in the form of a ring, which may be retained by partial local recovery of the sleeve.
  • the sealant provided as a layer extending over substantially the entire inner surface of the sleeve, may be co-extruded therewith.
  • the solder may be provided as a ring surrounding the connecting element, and this is suitable when in a suitable way, the connecting element is open for the solder to flow therethrough when molten to effect the electrical connection.
  • the connecting element is preferably constructed so as to provide a temporary connection between the electrical conductors before the solder connection is made.
  • the connecting element preferably has a retaining portion for retaining a conductor which decreases in the direction of insertion of a conductor into the retaining portion.
  • the connecting element preferably has at least one conductor engaging portion extending into the retaining portion, preferably at least two spaced apart on the surface of the retaining portion in contact with the electrical conductor.
  • the connecting element comprises a tapered metal coil as disclosed in European Patent Application No.
  • Such a connector conveniently allows a temporary electrical connection to be made, for example for test purposes, before the final permanent solder connection is formed.
  • the connecting element is a tapered coil
  • the turns of the coil provide the spaced apart engaging means.
  • the connecting element is open to allow molten solder to flow through it as a consequence of the presence of the gaps between successive turns of the coil.
  • the connecting element may be stamped from sheet metal with apertures to allow molten solder to flow through the connecting element into the retaining portions with tangs of sheet metal projecting into the retaining portion to assist in providing temporary connection to an electrical conductor.
  • the connector in one embodiment, may be arranged to form a butt splice at the ends of two or more conductors inserted through one end of the sleeve.
  • the closing and sealing of the other end of the sleeve can conveniently and relatively cheaply be effected simply by heating that end of the sleeve to cause the sealant to soften and flow and the sleeve to recover locally.
  • This heating may be carried out during the manufacture of the connector, and may then be done by the application of hot air or infrared radiation, or it may be carried out at the time of making the electrical connection between the conductors
  • the sleeve may be only substantially closed, that is to say a narrow opening may be left at that end of the sleeve to allow for an initial escape of air from the sleeve at the subsequent time of installing the connector.
  • the connector may be arranged to form an in-line connection, and in this case, the connection element may conveniently take a form as disclosed in International Patent Application No. PCT/GB95/01774 or in British Patent Application No. 9514412.7, the entire contents of which are included herein by this reference.
  • the connector may be arranged to provide a branch connection as disclosed in European Patent Application Publication No. 0615661 , the entire disclosure of which is included herein by this reference.
  • some or all the electrical conductors may be elongate conductors, either solid or stranded, and will usually be insulated apart from the portions to be connected. It is also envisaged, however, that one of the conductors, for example, a single conductor introduced into one end of the sleeve, may comprise a terminal and may be pre-installed in the sleeve during manufacture of the sleeve and be suitable, for example, for connection as disclosed, for example, in International Patent Application Publication No. WO/95/17024, the entire contents of which are included herein by this reference.
  • the terminal may have a first portion projecting beyond the end of the sleeve for connection to other electrical equipment, for connection into an electrical circuit by a push fit or other mechanical connection, by solder, or by any other suitable means.
  • the other terminal portion, or shank may be retained within the sleeve for receiving or otherwise co-operating with a conductor introduced into the other end of the sleeve.
  • the terminal shank may have the solder of the connector disposed thereon or therein.
  • the connecting element of the connector may be located on or in the shank, or it may comprise the shank.
  • solder element surrounding the connecting element and for the connecting element prefferably be open for the solder to flow therethrough when molten to effect electrical connection.
  • Figure la shows a section through a butt splice connector
  • Figure lb shows a section through the butt splice connector showing two conductors in position in the connector before the solder connection is made
  • Figure 2 shows a section through a branch connection
  • Figure 3 shows a section through an in-line connector
  • Figure 4 shows a section through a connector in which one of the electrical conductors is a terminal.
  • the connector 1 comprises a heat recoverable polymeric generally-cylindrical sleeve 2 that has a co-extruded liner 4 of hot melt adhesive over its entire inner surface.
  • the lined sleeve 2 contains a ring of solder 6 partway along, which itself surrounds a tapered metal coil of wire 8.
  • the sleeve 2 is partially recovered in the region of the solder 6 and coil 8 in order to retain these components in place.
  • the sleeve 2 is completely open at its end 10 facing the larger opening of the coil 8, and is almost completely recovered at its other end beyond the smaller opening of the coil 8, to leave a narrow opening 12 extending therebeyond.
  • This partial recovery of the lined sleeve 2, carried out as a final stage in its manufacture, can conveniently be done by directing controlled heat from a hot air gun locally on to the relevant portions of the sleeve.
  • the solder 6 is thus heated directly, and melts and flows between the turns of the coil 8 and on to the exposed conductors therein, which conductors may themselves, as well as the coil 8, also be heated by the induced current.
  • Thermal transfer from the metal components then heats the adhesive 4 and the sleeve 2, causing the sleeve 2 to shrink into close conformity around the conductors in its end 10 and to be sealed against ingress of moisture by the flowing of the adhesive 4 .
  • the passageway 12 also becomes sealed. It will be appreciated that the use of induction heating enables the soldered electrical connection to be properly formed before any significant melting of the adhesive 4 takes place, which could otherwise interfere with the formation of a good bond between the conductors.
  • FIG. 2 exemplifies the invention in the formation of a branch connection.
  • a connector 20 comprises an outer heat shrinkable polymeric sleeve 22 and a co-extruded inner adhesive layer 24.
  • the sleeve 22 is partially recovered halfway along its length to retain a ring of solder 26 around a frusto-conical coil of wire 28 that forms a metal connecting element.
  • the connector 20 is disposed over a coaxial cable 30 with the solder 26 and coil 28 located over a centre-stripped portion 32 of the outer earth braid thereof.
  • a branch earthing cable 34 extends into the connector 20 from one end thereof to dispose its stripped end within the coil 28. Permanent electrical connection between the conductors 30 and 34 and sealing thereof is carried out by induction heating substantially as described with reference to Figure 1.
  • an in-line splice is made between two conductors 40, 42 by means of a connector 44 that has an outer polymeric heat-shrinkable sleeve 46 with a coterminous hot melt adhesive liner 48.
  • the connecting element comprises a metal sheet that has been folded several times so as to define two chambers 50, 52, each defined by four planar sides that taper inwardly from a respective open end of the sleeve 46.
  • the chambers 50, 52 lie on top of one another with a strip of solder 54 located between them.
  • the sheet is stamped such that the solder 54 overlies internal chamber walls that are apertured to allow, upon installation, molten solder to flow into the chambers 50, 52.
  • External chamber walls are stamped such that tangs 56 project into the chambers 50, 52 such as to permit entry of the conductors 40, 42 but to resist their withdrawal.
  • the conductors 40, 42 are inserted into respective chambers 50, 52 and temporarily retained by the tangs 56.
  • An induction coil (not shown) is disposed around the connector 44 and activated so as to heat the solder 54 and chambers 50, 52 and to make the permanent soldered connection between the conductors 40, 42.
  • thermal transfer from the metal components causes the adhesive 48 to melt and to flow and the sleeve 46 to shrink so as to conform to and seal around the conductors 40, 42.
  • an electrical connector is shown connected to one electrical conductor namely a terminal 60 with an aperture 61 by which it can be connected to an item of electrical equipment.
  • the terminal has a shank 62 bonded by upstanding walls 63.
  • a tapered metal coil 64 is inserted into the shank 62 so as to be gripped by the upstanding walls 63.
  • the coil 64 acts as a connecting element between terminal 60 and a. second electrical conductor in the form of a stranded wire conductor 65 surrounded by an insulating jacket 66.
  • a solder ring 67 surrounds part of coil 64.
  • a sleeve 68 of heat-shrinkable polymeric material surrounds the solder ring and coil 64.
  • a layer of hot melt adhesive extends over the entire inner surface of sleeve 68. As shown in Figure 4 one end of the sleeve has been heated to shrink it so as to hold the sleeve on to the terminal but without melting the solder ring 67.
  • the conductor 65 is passed into the interior of the connecting member formed by coil 64 until it engages with the coil to form a temporary connection by means of a relative twisting action.
  • An induction coil (not shown) is used to heat the solder 67 and the coil 64 to cause the solder to melt and flow through the gap between the rns of the coil to make a permanent soldered connection between the conductor 65 and the coil 64.

Landscapes

  • Connections Effected By Soldering, Adhesion, Or Permanent Deformation (AREA)

Abstract

Connecteur électrique (1) comprenant un manchon thermorétrécissable (2) un revêtement interne adhésif coextrudé (4). Un enroulement métallique conique (8) et un anneau de soudure (6) sont renfermés dans le manchon (2). Des conducteurs électriques dénudés (13) sont insérés dans le connecteur (1) et provisoirement retenus par torsion dans l'enroulement (8). De la chaleur est appliquée à l'aide d'une bobine d'induction de manière à pouvoir former un joint brasé entre les conducteurs (13), avant toute éventuelle interférence, par fusion de l'adhésif (4) afin d'obtenir un joint étanche.
PCT/GB1996/003158 1995-12-21 1996-12-19 Connecteur electrique Ceased WO1997023924A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9526120.2 1995-12-21
GBGB9526120.2A GB9526120D0 (en) 1995-12-21 1995-12-21 Electrical connector

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997023924A1 true WO1997023924A1 (fr) 1997-07-03

Family

ID=10785794

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1996/003158 Ceased WO1997023924A1 (fr) 1995-12-21 1996-12-19 Connecteur electrique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB9526120D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997023924A1 (fr)

Cited By (36)

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WO2000074209A1 (fr) * 1999-05-28 2000-12-07 Mccord Winn Textron Emmanchement a chaud de tube pour segments magnetiques
WO2006116131A1 (fr) 2005-04-22 2006-11-02 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Procédés de raccordement en subsurface pour radiateurs de subsurface
US7353872B2 (en) 2004-04-23 2008-04-08 Shell Oil Company Start-up of temperature limited heaters using direct current (DC)
US7533719B2 (en) 2006-04-21 2009-05-19 Shell Oil Company Wellhead with non-ferromagnetic materials
US7540324B2 (en) 2006-10-20 2009-06-02 Shell Oil Company Heating hydrocarbon containing formations in a checkerboard pattern staged process
US7549470B2 (en) 2005-10-24 2009-06-23 Shell Oil Company Solution mining and heating by oxidation for treating hydrocarbon containing formations
US7640980B2 (en) 2003-04-24 2010-01-05 Shell Oil Company Thermal processes for subsurface formations
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US8851170B2 (en) 2009-04-10 2014-10-07 Shell Oil Company Heater assisted fluid treatment of a subsurface formation
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US8859942B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2014-10-14 Shell Oil Company Insulating blocks and methods for installation in insulated conductor heaters
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US8943686B2 (en) 2010-10-08 2015-02-03 Shell Oil Company Compaction of electrical insulation for joining insulated conductors
US9016370B2 (en) 2011-04-08 2015-04-28 Shell Oil Company Partial solution mining of hydrocarbon containing layers prior to in situ heat treatment
US9048653B2 (en) 2011-04-08 2015-06-02 Shell Oil Company Systems for joining insulated conductors
US9080917B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2015-07-14 Shell Oil Company System and methods for using dielectric properties of an insulated conductor in a subsurface formation to assess properties of the insulated conductor
US9080409B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2015-07-14 Shell Oil Company Integral splice for insulated conductors
US9127538B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2015-09-08 Shell Oil Company Methodologies for treatment of hydrocarbon formations using staged pyrolyzation
US9181780B2 (en) 2007-04-20 2015-11-10 Shell Oil Company Controlling and assessing pressure conditions during treatment of tar sands formations
US9226341B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2015-12-29 Shell Oil Company Forming insulated conductors using a final reduction step after heat treating
US9309755B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2016-04-12 Shell Oil Company Thermal expansion accommodation for circulated fluid systems used to heat subsurface formations
US9337550B2 (en) 2010-10-08 2016-05-10 Shell Oil Company End termination for three-phase insulated conductors
US9399905B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2016-07-26 Shell Oil Company Leak detection in circulated fluid systems for heating subsurface formations
US9466896B2 (en) 2009-10-09 2016-10-11 Shell Oil Company Parallelogram coupling joint for coupling insulated conductors
US9528322B2 (en) 2008-04-18 2016-12-27 Shell Oil Company Dual motor systems and non-rotating sensors for use in developing wellbores in subsurface formations
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US7549470B2 (en) 2005-10-24 2009-06-23 Shell Oil Company Solution mining and heating by oxidation for treating hydrocarbon containing formations
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US7533719B2 (en) 2006-04-21 2009-05-19 Shell Oil Company Wellhead with non-ferromagnetic materials
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