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WO1997019781A1 - Procede gmaw de soudage a l'arc de titane et d'alliages de titane - Google Patents

Procede gmaw de soudage a l'arc de titane et d'alliages de titane Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997019781A1
WO1997019781A1 PCT/US1996/018994 US9618994W WO9719781A1 WO 1997019781 A1 WO1997019781 A1 WO 1997019781A1 US 9618994 W US9618994 W US 9618994W WO 9719781 A1 WO9719781 A1 WO 9719781A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
titanium
weld
welding
inert gas
titanium alloy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1996/018994
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas David Erichsen
Thomas James Dorsch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FMC Corp
Original Assignee
FMC Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to AU10847/97A priority Critical patent/AU1084797A/en
Application filed by FMC Corp filed Critical FMC Corp
Publication of WO1997019781A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997019781A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode

Definitions

  • This invention has to do with a heretofore unpracticed method of welding titanium and titanium alloys. All welding of titanium or titanium alloys, wherein significant heat is generated, requires that secondary shielding of the weld and the heat affected zone be maintained until temperatures in the zone drop below a critical level. No secondary or back up shielding is needed to practice the method disclosed herein.
  • a third shield will shield the root side of the weld.
  • This shield most often a backing bar with a channel under the weld root to contain the inert gas, is also cumbersome to manipulate as it has to be long enough to allow weld cooling while the weld is still shielded by inert gas; however, in some cases where open root welding is performed, a back up shield may be used to obtain a desired weld profile.
  • Nontechnical publications of welding processes that just generally survey the various arc welding processes may not be specific in reciting that secondary shielding is necessary. They do however point out that welding titanium may be difficult due to the fact that titanium has a strong affinity for hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen gases. Exposure to these gases when the titanium is at temperatures of above 540° C. (1000° F.) will tend to embrittle the material. For this reason it is common knowledge in the industry, and well documented, that to avoid such detrimental embrittlement, extensive shielding using an inert gas such as helium or argon contained proximate the heat affected zone and the weld itself is necessary.
  • an inert gas such as helium or argon contained proximate the heat affected zone and the weld itself is necessary.
  • titanium alloy can be welded using fluxes rather than shielding gases. This technique has been observed by one of the inventors hereof, Thomas James Dorsch, in a trip in 1995 to the Ukraine. No performance data on this weld shielding technique, or the resulting welds, was made available to Mr. Dorsch. In any event, this flux shielded method of welding titanium alloys is not at all similar to the gas shielded metal arc welding technique disclosed herein.
  • This invention is the discovery that perfectly good welds, in situations where significant weld heat and a significant heat affected zone are created, for instance multiple pass welds on structures thicker than .125 inches, can be made in/on/to titanium alloys using gas metal arc welding techniques without resorting to the cumbersome and expensive secondary shielding now practiced and thought to be required by the industry.
  • Such an acceptable weld is formed using either inert gas tungsten-arc (GTAW) welding techniques or, preferable to the inventors, inert gas metal arc (GMAW) welding techniques.
  • GTAW inert gas tungsten-arc
  • GMAW inert gas metal arc
  • MIG also known as GMAW
  • GMAW GMAW welder feeding a consumable electrode
  • ER-Ti-5-1 an inert shielding gas
  • the only shielding provided by the gas is in the vicinity of the torch tip where a conical curtain of shielding gas is delivered to the weld zone proximate to the tip of the torch.
  • the weld is made in the same way a weld is made when welding steel. An arc is struck and a weld pool is formed. The torch progresses along the weld line at the feed rate necessary to get good penetration and weld shape.
  • the object of this invention is to produce significantly large welds in/on/to titanium, that are acceptable welds in performance, without using secondary gas shielding after the weld has been made and while the weld bead and the heat affected zone proximate the weld is cooling.
  • Figure 1 is a representation of a prior art secondary welding shield for use in welding titanium
  • Figure 2 is a photo of an etched sample of welded titanium using the technique disclosed herein;
  • This trailing shield 10 includes an opening for receiving a conventional MIG welding torch.
  • the secondary shield would be clamped by means of nozzle clamp 12 secured by fasteners 26 to the torch and travel with the torch when welding titanium.
  • the primary shielding is provided by the inert gas delivery system of the MIG torch.
  • the gas is delivered around the tip of the torch to surround the consumable electrode with a cone of inert gas.
  • This style of torch is well known and commonly used in welding steel or aluminum.
  • Unique in the welding of titanium is the requirement to shield the completed weld from oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen while the weld and the surrounding heat affected zone cools from its coalescence state to a solid state below 1000° F.
  • This secondary shielding is done by flooding the zone of the weld with an inert gas such as helium or argon, or a combination of helium and argon.
  • the secondary shield container 10 will contain the shielding gas supplied by an inert gas feeder line 24 in the heat affected zone.
  • the trailing shield housing 14 may be filled with tightly packed stainless steel wool contained in the housing by a perforated plate 18 having inert gas delivery holes 20.
  • the shielding enclosure 14 may be attached to the torch, with the torch exiting the lower end of the nozzle clamp 22, or may be independent of the torch. The critical thing is that the torch and the shielding enclosure are close together as the weld is being made such that no air can contact the weld as it is being made or for a period of more than a number of seconds after the welded titanium has coalesced.
  • Figure 2 is a photo of an etched sample showing the crystalline structure of a weld made in the improved method disclosed in this specification.
  • a comparison of coupons with a coupon of a conventionally shielded titanium weldment shows no functional difference in the welds.
  • the shielded weld is much more expensive to make as the secondary shielding is cumbersome and a severe limitation on the flexibility of torch control which is available when the torch is not burdened with the secondary shield.
  • inert gas costs associated with this invention as only a small volume of inert gas is required to shield the welding tip.
  • the need for flooding the secondary shields is not a part of the single shielded titanium weld.
  • the single shielded weld is at least as strong as the weld performed to Military Standard 2219.
  • the inventors have found several instances wherein the titanium weld, using the single shield process described herein, is as good as and ideally superior to the welds made that meet the industry standard specifications and requirements.
  • a method of welding titanium alloys wherein a significant heat affected zone is generated by the welding process, such as in welding titanium plate or titanium work pieces above, but not limited to, .125 inches thick.
  • This is done by feeding a consumable titanium alloy welding electrode through the tip of a welding torch, said welding torch including an inert gas delivery means for delivering an inert gas which forms a conical shield of inert gas directly proximate said consumable titanium alloy welding electrode.
  • an arc is created between said consumable titanium alloy welding electrode and said titanium alloy to generate heat sufficient to produce coalescence of said titanium alloy directly proximate said inert gas conical shield.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de soudage de titane, tel qu'un procédé de soudage à l'arc sous protection gazeuse avec fil fusible (GMAW), dans lequel la protection du soudage consiste à utiliser un gaz de protection de la torche uniquement et aucune protection secondaire ni de support. La technique mise en application est basée sur les normes connues de soudage du titane nécessitant une protection intensive.
PCT/US1996/018994 1995-12-01 1996-11-26 Procede gmaw de soudage a l'arc de titane et d'alliages de titane Ceased WO1997019781A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU10847/97A AU1084797A (en) 1995-12-01 1994-11-26 Gmaw welding of titanium and titanium alloys

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US56638995A 1995-12-01 1995-12-01
US08/566,389 1995-12-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997019781A1 true WO1997019781A1 (fr) 1997-06-05

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1996/018994 Ceased WO1997019781A1 (fr) 1995-12-01 1996-11-26 Procede gmaw de soudage a l'arc de titane et d'alliages de titane

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU1084797A (fr)
WO (1) WO1997019781A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19961773C1 (de) * 1999-12-21 2001-10-11 Pfalz Fluzeugwerke Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bearbeitung von Leichtbauteilkomponenten, sowie rotationssymmetrische Leichtbauteile
CN116135418A (zh) * 2021-11-17 2023-05-19 西安核设备有限公司 一种特材小直径管焊接的保护装置

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2819383A (en) * 1952-09-20 1958-01-07 James H Johnston Method of arc welding titanium
US3309496A (en) * 1963-05-29 1967-03-14 Mitron Res & Dev Corp Welding of titanium

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2819383A (en) * 1952-09-20 1958-01-07 James H Johnston Method of arc welding titanium
US3309496A (en) * 1963-05-29 1967-03-14 Mitron Res & Dev Corp Welding of titanium

Non-Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"Facts About Welding Titanium", Published by RMI, INC., pages 7-8. *
"Military Standard Fusion Welding for Aerospace Applications", Mil-Std-2219, 30 December 1988, pages 17-18. *
"Titanium Design and Fabrication Handbook for Industrial Applications", Published by TITMET, page 30. *
BOYER et al., MATERIALS PROPERTIES HANDBOOK, TITANIUM ALLOYS, "Technical Note 10: Welding and Brazing", pages 159-164. *
DONACHIE, Jr., "Titanium a Technical Guide", ASM INTERNATIONAL, Published 1988, page 132. *
DOWNING, "The Welding of Titanium for Ground Combat Vehicles", POSTER SESSION, page 331. *
ELLIS et al., "Tungsten Inert Gas Welding of Titanium and its Alloys", WELDING & METAL FABRICATION, Published January 1995, pages 9-12. *
KEARNS, Ed., Welding Handbook, 7th Edition, Vol. 4, "Metals and their Weldability", Published 1982, page 448. *
LEWIS et al., "Fabrication of Thick Titanium Plate for Submarine Hulls", NATIONAL AERO-NAUTICAL MEETING, WASHINGTON D.C., April 1963, one page except. *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19961773C1 (de) * 1999-12-21 2001-10-11 Pfalz Fluzeugwerke Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bearbeitung von Leichtbauteilkomponenten, sowie rotationssymmetrische Leichtbauteile
WO2001045892A3 (fr) * 1999-12-21 2001-12-20 Pfalz Flugzeugwerke Gmbh Procede et dispositif pour travailler sur des composants legers
CN116135418A (zh) * 2021-11-17 2023-05-19 西安核设备有限公司 一种特材小直径管焊接的保护装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU1084797A (en) 1997-06-19

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