WO1997016589A2 - Machines and systems for water saving - Google Patents

Abstract

Machines and systems for the economy of water divided in 2 groups. The first group of a new washing machine and its accessories. The washing machine is characterised by being able to wash items of different quality of colour (white and coloured/heavy colours), applying many technics, and arts of this invention (i.e. recycling, addition of at least one prewash operation, passive rinse, etc.). The accessories: apparatus for exterior preparation (AET), able to carry out the suitable period of soaking (outside the washing machine, easing the duty of the washing machine and shortening the time or the washing cycle). Apparatus for osmotic extraction (AOE) able to extract a further quantity of water from the washed items, so that the items are ready for ironing or very fast drying. (The principle of this machine can be applied on the clothes and similar items, dish, and car washing machine). The second group is concerning the irrigation and the protection of plants by a multiphasic (supplying water in two phases within the air, the first type of water is in the gaseous phase, the second in the liquid phase) system for irrigation and protection of plants (MSI) from other resources than fresh water (i.e. sea water, and similar water and the humidity of the air).

Description

MACH1NESANDSYSTEMSFORWATERSAVING

The invention makes reference to the water consumption of t- he household uses & other industrial fields of cleaning(i.e: clothes washing machines,dish & cutlery washing machines, car washing machines,bottle & similar items washing machines

5 etc). while the main incentive & promoting factor of this inventi¬ on is to economize water, the results in the contents of the water(chemicals,heat) are many tirnes higher than the results obtained in the water saving itself. So a huge earn of the

/0 protection of the environment(the percentage of the chemic¬ als/pollutants of the water and main obstacle for its recyc¬ ling/, and the heat/its recycling not only saves the energy of heating-of unrenewable sources "especially for household uses" but also gives a better chance to make use of solar S energy "renewable source", so the invention is of a great help for the protection of the Environment especially for third world countries where the use of hot water is a luxurious thing & in a bigger measure the use of chemicals (i.e washing agents, etc). θ ^{For an} easy understanding of the invention, it has been divided into the following sections:

1- New automatic washing machine and its accessories, (clo¬ thes and similar items)

2- Dish & similar items washing machine(automatic figl5,20) ,5 3- Car washing equipment(figl7) .

4- system for the recycling of the household waters & their contents(heat,chemicals)

NEW AUTOMATIC WASHING MACHINE

due to the distinguishing characters of the clothes and the similar items(absorbtion of water and its contents especia- 0 Hy colours) which leads to the obligatory separation of the clothes and their classification upon colour criteria which lead to the necessity to wash and recycle the water of every group alone and sometimes of the same group cannot(items) be washed together(for example: white items which do not stand treatment with chlorine and white items which need treatment 5 with chlorine). and in order to save water, energy, chemicals, and a better use of the washing machine.

The invention in this section offers the following solutions (advantages) in comparison with the actual state of art: 10 1-the ability to wash items of different quality of colour within the same washing cycle(washing cycle meanε to put in¬ side the washing machine items in order to wash them and some times their/the items/extraction and drying. So the washing cycle starts when we put the dirty items inside the washing 5 machine and ends when we take them clean).

(the washing machines in the actual state of art/automatic and manual/are not able to give the specific washing or tre¬ atment to more than one group of colour) . 2-bigger capacity of the washing machine θ 3-reduction of water consumption, and in a bigger measure (economic point of view)energy, and chemicals- The technological backgrounds(inventive steps) of this sec¬ tion are:

A- Regarding the washing machine: " 1-structural division of the washing machine.

2-addition of filters. B- Regarding the washing process(in this invention washing process means the manners used to wash,rinse, and dry).

1-remodelling of the actual washing process. « 2-limited soaking.

3-passive rinse.

4-use of water as a washing agent- C- Addition of accessories.

1-system for the recycling of the washing process water < and their contents(within the framework of the washing process and outside the limits of the washing process).

2-apparatus for exterior treatment. A E T 3-apparatus for osmotic extraction. A 0 E ANALYSIS OF THE DIRT TREATED IN THE WASHING PROCESS

The dirt which is present on the soiled items is composed of the following components:

1-Hydrofile: as mineral salts(NaCl etc); this type of dirt inhibits both the solubility and more importantly the acti- ζ on of the detergents.

2-Mud,dust,etc of variouscomponents: the majority of this dirt is eliminated by friction with warm water(sometimes total elimination is available by use of only warm water) . 3-Fats with their subgroups(lipofobe) : although these parts 10 are not soluble in the water nevertheless by friction of the current of water(read limited soaking) the majority of them will be eliminated.

4-Proteins and their subgroups: this component is divided in 2 major groups(the background of this division is their fζ stickiness on the soiled items) which are:

A- the unsticky group: this group in differently of their degree of solubility in water they are eliminated by the current of water(read limited soaking). B- the sticky group is subdivided in 2 subgroups: a-the first is the subgroup which is treatable with deter¬ gents(especially the enzymes) b-the second is the subgroup which needs a proper oxida¬ tion(treatment - with chlorine) in any way a good part of the group B is eliminated by the 5" limited soaking manner. so a part of this group(30-40% or less) will need the treat¬ ment with detergent or oxidant. While all the other groups are either totally or in a big size eliminated from the first the first prewash, so the second prewash will assure in a big b ger measure this rule, and will assure the cleanliness of the water of the main wash and therefor their recycling in perma¬ nent manner(also the water of the special treatment) . STRUCTURAL DIVISION OF THE WASHING MACHINE

A- DIVISION OF THE WASHING ROOM.

B- DIVISION OF THE CYLINDER.

C- DIVISION OF THE CONTROLLING SYSTEM.

While the washing machine in the actual state of art is a 5^" MONO-UNIT which means it is able to wash a certain quantity of items of the same quality of colour within one washing cycle- (the same washing cycle).

By the help of the structural division, the washing machine will be able to wash items of different quality of colour

IQ within one washing cycle.

Also this technological backgrounds froms the technical bas¬ is of some of the technological backgrounds of this inven¬ tion as: 1- limited soaking.

2- simultaneous reversed filtration.

Iζ 3- passive rinse.

4- use of water as a washing agent, finally a big contribution in the water saving and the mini¬ mizing of the size of the containers(of the recycling) So now we start to explain the structural division of the

2.0 washing machine :

A- DIVISION OF THE WASHING ROOM:(figl)

The washing room(figl) is a fixed place with a door which communicates the washing room with the exterior space and by which/the door/the items are put inside the cylinder from

25 ^tne exterior space/the entrance of cylinder may have or not its own door/and viceversa. Also the washing room is the bas¬ in of the water by which the items are washed or rinsed or soaked. So the washing room will be divided in longitudinal plan(fig2)a plan if it passes through a box/let us say this

3p box is the washing machine/it will be divided into 2 halves one is left and the other is right(the left half is with the exterior angles/a, ,g,e/which form the exterior face of this half, the center of this face is the point/j/which is the center of holding of one extremity of the axis of the cylin-

3S ^der)- the right half is with the exterior angles/b,c,h, f/which form the exterior face of this half,/i/ is the center of this face and helps as the center of holding of the other extremity of the cylinder's axis. S So every half will be divided again in the same plan,so every half will be divided(figl) in 2 subhalves, the exterior sub- half(15) is somehow narrower than the interior subhalf(lδ), and its bottom is higher than bottom of the interior subhalf. the walls separating between the subhalves bear relieves whi- 10 ch are oblique from up towards down and from the interior ed¬ ges towards the exterior edges(fig3). Also the end of the in¬ terior edges is of the shape of the greek letter (spelled., p-s-i and pronounced, psee) , this shape(13) is formed of 2 la¬ teral blades, each one is of the form of S italic(20), these S blades(especially in the inferior sides) are perforated so the water which overruns these blades will have(practically) no chance to overrun the medial blade(21). The arow(22) shows the direction of the water which overrun the lateral blades. B- DIVISION OF THE CYLINDER. 0 while the cylinder in the actual state of art is a mono-unit (fig4),characterised by one entrance(with or without door), one exterior wall(perforated) no farther noticable relieves can be remarked on the cylinder. So in this invention the cylinder will be a pluri-unit(which S means can wash items of different quality of colour in the same washing cycle/in the actual state of art the cylinder can wash items from the same quality of colour) . the division of cylinder will be carried as follows: 1-The division of the cylinder: this division will be effec- Q tuated in horizontal plan(fig2B) so we will have 2 halves of the cylinder which are 24(bears the letter A(fig5) to be re¬ cognized from the glass of the door of the washing machine) and 25(bears letter B for the same reasons) .For further info- mation read division of the controlling system.the plan of 5" division is somehow oblique(read down).

-Addition of other structures to the cylinder while the cylinder in the actual state of art is formed of the following components: a-the lateral wall(26) which in the actual state of art is a simple wall(perforated or not), and sometimes bears the Entr¬ ance/if the door of the washing machine is on the lateral wa- ll/(fig5A) . 5 l/in order to face the requirements of the division of the cylinder, here will an addition of another entrance. Every entrance will have its own door, then as an obligatory mea¬ sure;one half of the lateral wall(corresponding to one half of the cylinder)will be absolutely closed and adjoined with 10 the exterior layer of the exterior wall so from this side the water cannot pass,this half of the lateral wall of the cylin¬ der is smaller than the other half of the lateral face(respe¬ ctively 28-29). So due to this configuration the water will drain from the opposite side of the medial wall of the same

15 half of the cylinder which is perforated, also the other half will have the same arrangements and as a result the water wi¬ ll drain from the lateral wall(the opposite side of the other half). (bigger 1cm only). 2/the exterior wall will have a other layer which will be

2.0 completely closed and adjoined with the smaller half of the lateral wall and the medial wall. (figl3, 5/177A, 177B) . Also this layer will bear the following structures: a-the shovels(figl3/14) of the millforms(figl3E) , these millfσrms have the duty of showering(spraying) the items with S water which either did not come in touch with items(fresh wa¬ ter) or at least passed through the filters, these millforms are formed of the following parts: l"the shovels(in number of 2-3 for each half of the cylind¬ er, these shovels are tubes(figl3) of curved half semioval o form(figl3/14) , these shovels will be loaded with the water of the interior subhalves(16) .

2"the door of the shovel: this door is fixed to the exter¬ ior wall of the shovel by a movable means which allow it to move from the other extremity which corresponds to the inte- 5 rior wall of the shovel(figl3/36) the exterior wall(fig5, 13/ 177 the exterior layer 177A the interior layer 177B)

3"the triangles(figl3E) ,are similar to the one of Siemens, with the difference that the base of the triangle(figl3D) is closed along its sides so the water will not enter the triangle from this side as in the triangle of Siemens, the place from where the water enters the triangle of this in- 5 vention is(figl/14), from here and by the help of the movable door(figl3/36) the water will enter the triangle from the place which is the connnection between them(figl3/36A) . C- DIVISION OF THE CONTROLLING SYSTEM. The controlling system will undergo some modifications to be

IO able to face the requirements of the new washing machine(fig 6), so the new controlling system will be formed as follows: the first button from the-left- is the one which fixes the number of the prewash operations desired(here are only 4 pre¬ wash operations, their number can be more).

|5 the second set is 2 buttons(one above the other), between th¬ em is written/chlorine treatment/ so we will push the desir¬ ed button(of respective half) . the third set of buttons(one above the other) between them t- he letter which indicates the respective half, so if the it-

2θ ems in this are coloured we will push the button in the upp¬ er position(pref) the forth set helps the other half. the last button is in relation with the recirculation of the water(which also supplies solar energy) . (read the respective

2.5 section) , so we will arrange the button/for example/for 2 days so if there will not be solar energy to heat the water in 2days so the washing machine will not be started auto¬ matically.

LIMITED SOAKING

While the washed items in the actual state of art are soak¬ ed totally in the water participating in the respective op¬ eration, or partially(siemens s) (fig7) . in the new washing machine the washed items will be soaked above the level of the water participating in the new wash¬ ing process, the advantages of this technology are:

1-decrease of the quantity of water participating in the respective operation by 50 - 70 % (depending on the type of washed items-cotton,wool,etc) , and as a result its contents (heat,chemicals) , which are of many times more expensive.

2-the vacum which will be created by the limited soaking (vacum from liquid/water) will strengthen the weight of the dropped water on the items (in the actual state of art this role or does not exist or in the best case limited to the superficial parts/siemens) , which in the actual state of art is antagonized by the water surrounding the items either to¬ tally or partially as in Siemens case. (figl3C) 3-as a result of the limited soaking a closed circle will be formed(figl) , so the water falling from the items will fall in the exterior subhalf of the respective half of the cylinder, from here will go to the respective half,here the water is filtered and will be loaded in the shovels of the millforms and from here to the triangles and from here will be showered on the items, so the circle is completed and the water is falling again in the exterior subhalf and so on. the advantage of this step is the simultaneous reversed fil¬ tration.

SIMULTANEOUS REVERSED FILTRATION

Here this filtration refers to the fibres of the clothes, which would give undesirable aspect. Regarding the dirt (Micromolecules) it will be eliminated totally by the foll¬ owing factors: the addition of at least one more prewash op- eration, and the passive rinse, practically all the molecules of dirt are eliminated from the first prewash, if it is foll¬ owed by a passive rinse(which will eliminate the dirt while the clothes are still wet-differently from the centrifugal extraction, where the percentage of the dirt eliminated is proportional to the quantity of water eliminated). Finally the position of the filters above the evacution side and the sense of filtration from down towards up, will assure the elimination of the fibres with water eliminated towards the sewerage, the exit for the recycliable water is above the filters.fig

PASSIVE RINSE

This rinse will be carried out as follows:

10 operations, between the rinse operations, (this in case of use of full recycling manner, where is desired to keep the water of the main wash and the special operations, with their high contents-so from the prewash operation to the main wash, and from the main wash to the rinse operation, and at the end of

\ζ washing process) . this is the criteria which forms the back¬ ground to prefer one to the other.

Also in case of higher use(professional use, big families,etc ) ^:. the passive-rinse can be divided in a couple of operations like the operations of the actual rinse(the quantity of water

2θ needed for every operation will be decided by a water meter which stops the respective valve and will open the next, or simply by supplementary tank(fig21-numl80) , which when it is full the respective valve will close and when it is empty the next valve will open.

25 Finally the passive rinse will be carried out as follows: the cylinder will circulate with slow speed and the clothes are turned up and down, simultaneously, the clothes are show¬ ered by the millforms(figl) , or by the pump with the help of the relieves of the cylinder(figl2) . the washing room must

3o ^De empty so the washed items are not mixed with the water falling from them,which carry the chemicals away, and so on, chis period is followed by a usual rinse where the items are sunk in the water in order to deal with any un-rinsed spot, then an extraction operation(centri ugal extraction) . SIMULTANEOUS DOUBLE COMPUTERISED LEADERSHIP

See figure 22

USE OF WATER AS A WASHING AGENT

In order to make maximum use of the characters of the dirt especially their solubility in the water and their molecule size the prewash operations will be characterised by having: 1-low concentrations of detergent.

2-long periods of full stop of the washing machine with in- 10 tervals of slow movement of the cylinder(every interval is about one minute with around 25 - 30 rounds) 3-after some intervals the filters will start to work(read simultaneous reversed filtration) . so the filters will stop all the big molecules [ so as a result of this manner when the water is eliminated it will carry with it approximately all the dirt(in the actual state of art the dirt is eliminated by the percentage of the water eliminated to the whole quantity of water participat¬ ing in the respective operation.

o THE SYSTEM FOR THE RECYCLING OF THE WATER RESULTANT

FROM THE CIRCLE OF THE HOUSEHOLD USES AND THEIR CONTENTS (CHEMICALS/DETERGENTS,SOFTENERS,ETC/ENERGY/HEAT) . (a brief approach by describing the actual state of art) . While the recycling of the water of the washing process is —5 characterised by the following characters:

1-the recycling of the water is limited to the framework of the washing process(in other words the water is not useful anymore for the washing process reasons are eliminated to¬ wards the sewerage-work. 2-the recycling of water is characterised by the usual re¬ cycling from one washing or rinse operation of a washing cycle to a previous operation(prewash,wash,rinse) of the next washing cycie. 3-the number of containers required to carry out the recyc¬ ling makes it very expensive and of limited industrial app¬ lication to high. by the help of this invention we will be able not only to ς make use of the recycling(will not be limited to the wash¬ ing process purposes but also the other circles of the house¬ hold uses, also this invention will give great help for the countries of the third world from the following points of view:

|θ 1-a decrease of 80& of the cost of one washing cycle which will open a wider way to the use of the automatic washing machine and will make it an essential apparatus for the hous¬ ehold 2-higher efficiency of the solar-cells which are a dear thing

IS so the solar cell instead of helping one family(in the actual state of art) it will easily help 10 families which means fr¬ om one hand the enabling the popular masses of using daily the hot water from renewable source(the sun) and from the ot¬ her hand the cleanliness of the environment from the gases

2.0 resultant from the burning of the feul, and the chemicals which are eliminated in the sewerage So now we will start to explain the recycling, the recycling will be divided in the following manner (for better understanding reasons): £ A- the recycling of the washing process water. B- the recycling of the other household water. C- the recycling of the heat resultant from the household uses. - the recycling of the washing process water will be carr- 0 ied as follows: the water resultant from the prewash, and from the rinse following chlorine treatment will be deposi¬ ted in container(79) which will receive also the water re¬ sultant from the other household circles of use(kitchen etc) these water must be evacuated as soon as possible, so the ς best solution for this situation is to divide(79) into 2 containers one is being loaded the other is being unloaded, and so on. - the water resultant from the main wash, and special treat¬ ment(see figfl)

(and other container for the softener may be added if the user desires), (figβ) t_j c-the water resultant from the passive rinse, will be a con¬ tainer for every quality of colour(2 containers), the water resultant from the rinse following treatment with softener will be supplied to the container(79) . (fig7) d-the water resultant from the second rinse will be delivered 10 to the container of the respective quality of colour of the passive rinse, (figβ)

B-the recycling of the other household uses of water, the application of these principles(the principles of this invention) in the kitchen(dish,cutlery,etc) will have the /^following containers: (fig7,figl4)

1- container for the prewash

2- containers for the wash and the rinse

3- containers for the special treatment(brightening) and the following rinse.

^tfhere also the water will be recycled in the same manner of washing process(clothes,etc) . (read the application of the invention) .

C-the recycling of the heat resultant from the household uses. (fig7)

J25" after a deep look at the household uses of heat we found that the main source of consumption of hot water is bath,and the water eliminated from there are highly contaminated and need lots of care in the recycling of their heat, so we proposed the procedure: the water eliminated from bath will be drained θ in a container(70) (fig7) , in this container will pass a spec¬ ial spiral tube(guaranteed for 20 years/available in the mar¬ ket), which will earn the heat of the eliminated water and gives it to the fresh water inside the tube. (this tube might be a container of smaller size). (also this system instead of

~Zj helping one family can help 10 families), the water inside the tube which leave the container will be warm,so the tube will be divided into 2 main branches one will supply the nee¬ ds of warm water, the other will continue its way to the roof where it will pass by the superficial network(capillar tubes of very cheap cost/in comparison with the solar cell) (73) and from there will pass to the heater(solar, and an other source (diesel or electric) (74) and from there will be contained in

5 the container(76) of hot water,the warm water will be contai¬ ned in the container(71) which in his turn will receive also the warm water resulting from the heating of the containers of the washing process, and the containers of the kitchen. Also we can add places equipped with capillars which unload

\0 the heat of the hot water in order to dry the washed items (63) (fig7) and for the kitchen uses (66) (fig7). also we can use the sea water to supply the container(fig7, and fig47) .

APPARATUS FOR EXTERIOR TREATMEN (PREPARATION)

\ ζ this apparatus is designated to help the circumstances in which there is a big solicitation of the washing machine, the most outstanding character is its cheapness. (figlδ)

RECYCLING WATER WITHIN THE SAME WASHING CYCLE:(fig21) finally in case that the recycling meets hardship, we propose 0 the recycling from one half to an other, so in the first half will start the first prewash, the water resultant from the first half(the first prewash) will go to the second half for the first prewash and so on. (one tank might be needed) here we propose that in the first half are treated the white items 5 (the water from the special treatment/chlorine/will be elim¬ inated) . all the possible alternatives may be programmed by control board of the washing machine. (180 fig21). the extra spending is in the addition of an other active ex¬ traction(0, 15kw - cost 4,5 greek drachma-) and a saving of θ 70fi of the chemicals of the actual consumption(from 140gr ti¬ ll 50gr which means 50 greek drachma from the cost of the detergent(and a further sum from the chlorine and the softe- ner-a minimum 20 drachma) . also a saving in the cost of the heating of the water equal to 50%(to beat 15 litres there is C_j a need of about lkw which costs 30 drachma) . APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION

IN THE FIELD OF THE CLOTHES AND SIMILAR ITEMS:(figl-8) the i- tems will be introduced in every half of the cylinder and th¬ en the adjusting of the control board to face the requiremen- 5 ts of every half, and if there is a need of special treatment and finally the timinq of the start mement. so the washing machine will start in the desired time by car¬ rying out the number required of prewash operations by being loaded from the containers(53-59) , and if the number of the O prewash operations is more than 2 then a corresponding quan¬ tity of water(from the same quality of colour) containing de- TERGENT WILL BE SUPPLIED(i.e -151itres of the water of the main wash contains lOOgr of detergent, then the quantity of water containing 5% concentration of detergent is 0.751itre) while the prewash is carried out the filters are simultane¬ ously here we propose the elimination of the first l-21itres in the sewerage-work because they contain the majority of dirt(in the case of too dirty items even the whole first pre¬ wash), after every prewash the elimination is carried out by 0 the passive rinse and the water resultant from the prewash will be carried to the container(fig7)79 which in his turn will supply the flush, the last prewash operation is follow¬ ed by an active extraction(centrifugal extraction), then the water from containers(58 for the half with the coloured items 5 60 for the white items), after this there will be addition of correctional dose of detergent(10% and 5% for every extra prewash) , at the end of this operation the water will go back to the container which supplied it, the elimination of the water is by active extraction, the passive rinse will be car- o ^ri d out, the special treatment(softener,chlorine) is carried out by the same manner of the main wash; after the end of the washing cycle(active extraction we will pass the items to the osmotic extractor(figl9) , then a simple streching or active drying will end the washing cycle(the sheets of the osmotic 5 extractor will circulate in the reverse way and in a slow speed in order to get dry)

IN THE FIELD OF DISH AND SIMILAR ITEMS WASHING MACHINES: in this field the invention will be carried out as follows: the washing machine(figl5,fig20) will 5 containers(figlδ) and the

K" washing cycle will be carried out as in the description of the figl4.

IN THE FIELD OF CAR WASHING EQUIPMENT: (figl7), here there is a need of 3 containers and if the place is small we will app- licate it in one half of the washing place(128-129) .

\ 0 THE SYSTEM FOR THE RECYCLING OF THE WATER OF THE HOUSEHOLD USES AND THEIR CONTENTS: (fig7) as we see here the other alt¬ ernatives of supplies of flush are the waters resultants from the household uses and the rain water(if it is with superfic¬ ial treatment/45/ which means clean but not potable) which j T will supply the appropriate uses(in case of rain potable wat¬ er 46) will then general net-work(84) . we can also use sea water to supply directly to the flush(47). finally the used hot water will give its heat to the fresh water, so saving 60-70% of the heating power.

o BRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES, ABLES ETC

FIG(l): is a divisional section of an automatic washing mach¬ ine if the type3(fig4), the division is carried out by a long¬ itudinal plan(fig2A) in which the face of the automatic washi¬ ng machine which bears the door corresponds to the face(bfhc).

2. 5 this division includes the washing room and not the cylinder so the washing machine of this invention will show the follow¬ ing: 1-the frontal wall of the washing machine which correspo¬ nds to the lateral wall of the washing cylinder. 2-the lateral wall of the cylinder. 3-the medial wall of the cylinder. 4-the j? Q pipe connecting the exterior subhalf with the filter. 5-the filter(of each half) . 6-the dirt precipitating during the res¬ pective operation and eliminated by its end. 7-th filtrating side. 8-the valves of the filters. 9-the posterior wall of the washing machine which corresponds to the medial wall of the cyli¬ 5 nder. 10-the sets of blades. 11-one subhalf.12-the other sub- half. 13-the form (psee) . 14-the shovels of the millforms. 15-the exterior subhalf of every half of the washing room. 16-the interior subhalf of every half of the washing romm. 17-the filter of the posterior half. 18-the filter of the an- terior half. 19-the very small holes of the form(psee). 20- the lateral blades. 21-the medial blade.22-the arrows which show the direction of the water.

FIG(2) : is showing plans of division of a box (the washing machine) where the face(bfhe) bears the door of the washing

|0 machine, so A is a situation in which the box is divided by a longitudinal plan. B in a horizontal plan. C in a vertical plan.

FIG(3): shows the relieves which will oblige the water to get back to their compartment: 23-the relieves. IS FIG(4): shows the types of the washing machines and the sense of their rotation.

FIG(5): shows the cyclinder and its parts. 24-is the door of its half(28). 25-the door of its half(28). (as we see every door bears a letter in order to b differentiated from the ot-

2θ her). 26-the lateral wall. 27-the medial wall-177A the exte¬ rior layer of the exterior wall.l77B the interior layer of the exterior wall.

FIG(6): 170 is the board which adjust the number of the pre¬ wash operations required, rank A in which 171 is for the sup- _2 plying of water for the white items. 172 is for the coloured items. 173 for chlorine treatment. 174 for the supplying of softener(this rank helps the half which bears its letter) rank B and for the other halves or parts of the cylinder (fig5,figlO-11) . 175 is the timer of the start moment(depen- θ ding on the availability of heat from the solar cell(within the period in which no solicitation of the items, after this period the washing machine will start alone.

FIG(7): this figure explains the recycling of the water of t- he household uses.45-ia a container for the unrefined water

> 5 of the rain(simple refining) this water will supply the needs of the clothes washing machine(61) ,the dish washing machine (64),and the bath's needs(79-81-82-83) . the water of the rain well refined, which can be supplied for all the household us¬ es or limited to the drinking and cooking uses. 47-another resource than the potable water(i.e-.water of the wells with uncertain degree of hygiene, or sea water, so in this case 5 there is a need of the separation of the sewerage-work into 2 nets the first of toilet(80-is a modern one -80 is an old one), so this net will be evacuated in the sea after short or simple treatment, this net here bears the number(48). 49-the other net that contains the water resultant from the other

10 household compartments of use. the water of this net need a cheap treatment to be used in agriculture. 61-the washing ma- chine(clothes) . 62-the recycling system of the washing mach- ine(61). 64-dish washing machine. 65-the recycling system of the machine(64). 67-place for manual washing in the kitchen

/5 of the dirty things in the kitchen(this water will go to(49) . 68-this place for cleaning of the things that need a washing with soap but they are microscopically clean(i.e: glasses of water etc which have apparent dirt but require cleaning with soap because they will be used by other persons. 69-a place

2.0 for the cleaning of the things which do not require soap(fru¬ its, vegetables etc) the water of this place will supply the garden(66) . 70-is a container well insulated which recieves the used hot water before it goes to the sewerage-work(espec¬ ially from the bath 81). inside this container there is ano-

2S ther container.72-in this container the fresh water will get warm and will go in 2 branches the first will continue its way towards the heating system(73-74-76) . the other branch will go towards the uses of warm water. 71-the container of the warm water. 73-the peripheric solar net. 74-heater work- θ ing with fuel or with electricity. 75-a connection in the wi¬ nter time between(71) and (74). 76-is the container of the hot water.78-the lines that supply hot water. FIG(8) : the recycling of the water of the washing process (clothes) fig8A:in this figure as we see the water goes from 5 the containers(53-59) to the washing machine(61) for the pre- wash(one container for every quality of colour, so after the prewash the water will go to the container(79) which in its turn supplies the flush.figθB shows the use of water con¬ taining chemicals during the main wash or the special tr¬ eatment(chlorine,softener) here there is a need of 4 con¬ tainers 60-for the detergent of the white items,58-for the c detergent of the coloured items,57-container for the chlorine (the water containing chlorine) , 54-container for the softener figβC shows the rinse following the main wash(the star is the supplier of fresh water, and so the water will go to the con¬ tainers 53 or 59 depending of the quality of colour of the [(_) washed items(of every subhalf). figβD shows the rinse follo¬ wing a special treatment.

(a)first step. (B)second step. (Y)third step. FIG(9A): shows the difference between the other inventions (here we gathered the outstanding characters of all the in- |5 ventions together, as we see this combination results in: a safety of 65% of the detergent(the water resultant from the wash and the last rinse(hot water) (31+32) where 31 is the ma¬ in wash,32 is a typical(classical rinse that starts by an ac¬ tive extraction and then wetting the items with water and th- 2-Q en again extraction(centrifugal rejection of the water).30- is a prewash.33-is a passive rinse.34-special treatment. S-is the sewerage. (see also figθ)

FIG(9B): as we see the prewash operations are more than one and in these operations there is exclusive use of the rinse - > water unless special treatment is needed(from the containers 53-59: depending on the quality of the colour of the items, and when more than 2 prewashes a quantity of water containing the needed quantity of the chemical will be supplied to the extra prewash and then addition of new chemicals to the main

_ O wash, also here we notice that no change in the sewerage but in the container(79) which in its turn will supply the flush, so by this recycling we have a safety of 93%in the actual state of art for 5kg are used 40grams of(chemicals) and 100 grams for the main wash so 140gr, in the new washing machine

3^9 l be used 5gr in the first prewash and 5gr in the second prewash so these lOgr are eliminated and the lOOgr used in the main wash are totally recycled lOgr to the prewash and 90gr to the main wash, so with every washing cycle add lOgr to the main wash only.

FIG(10): here we see the application of this invention on the washing machines of the type2(fig4) . these machines are char- acterised by being able to wash very big quantities(from20kg till 600kg). these machines do not carry out extraction(cen¬ trifugal rejection by fast speed circulation of the cylinder) and they need an extractor to do this job after the end ofthe washing process, these machines are prefered by the owners a- nd the operators of big laundaries, hotels than the automatic washing machines due to their cost.

By this invention these machines will earn very much, so the¬ ir capacity will be increased by nearly 40%(their actual cap¬ acity is bigger than the automatic washing machines of type3) and their consumption of water will be decreased not only due to the recycling manner of this invention but also to the ot¬ her technics. We found that the best results are obtained if the principles of this invention are applicated in the foll¬ owing manner: the cylinder will be divided also in its exter- ior will in 3 parts(2 till 5 depending on the size of the washing machine) (figl0A:90-95-99-) hese parts are divided a- gain every part into 2 halves(figlOB) so the separator of the part(90) is(93) and the resultant of this part is 93, and so the other parts, the angles between the separators are equal (in this case 60 (figlOD) so another result of this is a de¬ crease of power needed to move the cylinder both passive mo¬ vements and the high speed movement, also a big decrease in materials needed for the fortification of the skeleton of the washing machine(seefigll) . FIG(ll): this figure shows the difference between the washing machine in the actual state of art(figllA) here we see the load of the washing machine is concentrated in one side of the cylinder(here we suppose the load is 20kg) . in the fig (HB)(when we applicate the invention) the load even if it s twice of the actual load the total exercised forces on the exterior wall of the cylinder is less 4 times(with eventual unbalance of the weights/exagerated in this case and its abo¬ ut 4 times less than in the actual state of art and therefor opening the way to the opportunity to adopt the centrifugal extraction, figll: this figure shows a theoritical situation when all the resultants are equal(rare situation and not app¬ licable) . 5 FIG(12) : shows how exterior wall will be in this special cir¬ cumstance(the application of this invention on the type2 of figure4). this wall(the exterior wall) will be like the wall of the actual state of art(i.e:only one layer) with a differ¬ ence that the holes(29) are surrounded by relieves(29) (semi-

\0 circles) who have the holes and then on the items in the upp¬ er half and then on the items in the inferior half(the separ¬ ator is perforated also) the relieves are in a manner(one li¬ ne looks the opposite to the other) so in any direction the cylinder circulates the water will pass inside the cylinder jS (passive movement) . 44-is the showering tool for this reason (the passive rinse) (in the actual state of art this tool sho¬ wers the items in high speed,here it will shower them while they are in a manner(one line looks the opposite to the oth¬ er) so in any direction the cylinder circulates the water wi- 2.0 11 pass inside the cylinder(passive movement) . 44-is the sho¬ wering tool for this reason(the passive rinse) (in the actual state of art this tool showers the items in high speed,here it will shower them while they are moving slowly around them selves and around the cylinder and the water is showered wi-

25 th low pressure.

FIG(13): shows the difference between the other inventions this invention. so figl3A: shows the cylinder how it appears and the shovels of one half which will shower one half only (the other half is showered by its shovels(see also figl).

3θ figl3B shows the cylinder in the actual state of art in which the triangles 188 have a mechanical duty(not to allunicate/ the items/while the cylinder is moving) . in the figl3C we see the cylinder of Siemens in which the items are showered by the same water, and they have to be of the same quality of 5 colour, in the figl3D we see the triangle of Siemens which have in plus of the triangle of the actual state of art the holes for the entrance and exit of the water for the loading and unloading of triangle, in figl3E we see the millform in which the shovels have the duty of intaking water which did not touch the items or at least was filtered before being showered again on the items(seefigl) .also in figurel3A we ζ see the door of the shovel which is movable(36)

FIG(14): this figure explains the recycling of the washing process water of the dish and similar items. So in (figl4A) we see the prewash in which the showering system will intake the water from the container(85) and pump it on the items in- 0 side the washing machine(64) for dish and similar items.this water will go back to the after taking away the majority of dirt, then the showering system of the container(87) which collects the water from the rinse following the main wash/ will shower the items for a short period(with about 200-300 ml), this water will go to the container(85) . then in (fig 14B) we see the fases of the main wash, in which the shower¬ ing system of container(86) will shower the items with water containing high concentration of detergent suitable for the washing reasons then the showering system of the container θ (87) will shower the items shortly and this water will go to the container(86) (this showering takes back the water with high concentration of detergent), then we have the proper ri¬ nse which is from the container(or directly the source of fr¬ esh water) (84) this water will go to the container(87) . in S figurel4C is the same for the use of helper(brightener) as in figurel4B.finally when the containers(87-89) are full the container(85) will be evacuated and filled from the contain- ers(87-89) (this is explained in figurel4D).

FIG(15): explains the application of this invention in the θ field of washing of the dish and similar items,so: (104) is room for the prewash. (105) is the room for the main wash. (106) is a place where the washed items are delivered. (107) is a special button which is pushed by the basket(which bears the items) so the system of openeing the doors(112- 5 117-119) is blocked, this button helps to locate the basket in the center of the respective room. 108:is a place where the basket waits till it can be entered in the prewash room. (109)is a net which stops the solid pieces of dirt. (110)is a concave face which assures the quasitotal evacuation of the water towards their tubes. (Ill)the containers explained bet- 5 ter in fig(16). (112)is the door of the washing room.ll7:is the door of the prewash room. 119:is the door of the waiting room(these doors are ruled by a control system/which is help¬ ed in turn by the special buttons(107) . so the first door 112 will open so the basket inside it will go to the delivery pl-

\0 ace 106. and then the door 117 will open and so on and as we see any button if it is pushed the control system will be st- opped(the following opening). (114)is a basket for glasses and cups which is obligue, (so the water from different show- erings will not remain on their concave bottoms) ,also this |S basket is equipped by wheels to move on tyre rails designat¬ ed for this reason. (116)usual basket for dish and similar items equipped with wheels. (120)the rails for the wheels of of the baskets. (they are situated on the lateral walls(figl6) 115 is the connection between the moveable part of the door

≥O (superior)and the fixed part of the wall(inferior) made in this form not to allow the water of every compartment to pass to the other one.

FIG(16)A: shows the position of the containers(explained in figure14) .

25 FIG(16)B: in this figure we see the basket(114) staying on the rails(120) and at the edges of the basket there is a lay¬ er which inhibits the water from falling on the wheels(121). (122) are the showers of every syste (here all of them work- ing-practically only one systemwill work) .

3θ FIG(17): explains the application of this invention in the field of car washing equipment, so figl7A shows a line for the washing of cars where(128) is the first half of the line for the washing of cars, so in this side the cars undergo the prewash which is followed by a short rinse(the water of the

^ς prewash is taken from the container/every cycle-about 30 cars

/124(the water of the short rinse is taken from the container

125, then the car moves(alone or by special rail) in the sec¬ ond half(129) where the main wash and then the rinse will take place(the rail is 130) so after the main wash(the brush¬ es will be far from the car not to lose their detergent/fig 17B/figl7C) so the first part of the last rinse will go to the container(126) which is the container of the main wash. 5 so every cycle the water of the container 124 will be evacua¬ ted and this container washed if desired and then filled from the container 125 and so on.

FIG(18): here we see the apparatus for exterior preparation which is composed of: 2 sutubes(150-151) ,pipes to supply wat-

10 er(containing low concentration of detergent for every subtu- be depending on the quality of colour) (152) . (153) is the wa¬ ll which separates the 2 subtubes. (154)are the filters which work according to this invention(read simultaneous filtration (155) outlets. (156)are the showers for every subtube

|S FIG(18)A: shows another alternative in which the subtube is completely separated from the other components of this appar¬ atus and as we see its entrance is similar to the door of the washing machine of this invention.

FIG(19): this figure we see the manners of the application of

2.0 the osmotic extraction, so in figurel9A we see the extractor as an independent apparatus so when it circulates as the arr¬ ow in this figure shows we will put the items, so the dry she¬ ets will turn around the roll (159) coming from the roll(160) so those sheets(orefered thin hot and soft) (161) will incor-

25 porate with them the items which are still wet for a period of 10-30 minutes and then the rolls will circulate in the re- vers sense so the items will fall in the basket(167) after losing the majority of their water, (in case of thick items we allow the roll to circulate many times before we add new it-

■3o ems)after the end of this operation the rolls will circulate in the itail sense very slowly(so they get dry) . in figurel9B the body(162) which contains the motor is incor¬ porated in the body of the washing machine(so we save the mo¬ tor) . in figurel9C a system of rolls is connected by a third 5 which will pull the wet sheets from the roll(163) to the roll (164) very slowly so they get dry(for professional use). (in this manner we offer the sheets bigger surface to get dry) .

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (ftULE 26) FIG(20): is a washing machine with simpler construction than the one in figl5. so this washing machine has only one room and less capability(gives the same quality but needs more time) the first needs lminute to deliver one basket(40glass- ζ es) here we need 4minutes.

FIG(21): in this figure beside the things we see in figl we see helper tank, in case of limited recycling manner(only within the washing machine itself), the tank is 180. FIG(22): here we see the SIMULTANEOUS DOUBLE COMPUTERISED |0 LEADERSHIP where the recycling system is under independent control of the washing machine, but in the same time is programmed according and in correspondance to the program of the washing machines(WM this case for easiness they have the same program), thus at the suitable time will open the S suitable valve(V), the Pump)P) will push the water fast, as we see from the recycling system there are 2 different lines to fit with technical ability of the washing machine(usual washing machines have one inlet for the cold water which is heated within the WM, the entrance of the hot water will spo- -0 il the valve of the usual washing machine), so wee have a pair of tanks for every quality of colour, which supplies the WM from one end, so for white colour items(WI) from one end, and from the other end colour items(CI), between every 2 WM there is a manual key(an be automatic electric key) when it 5 is opened the water from that end will continue its way, and if it is closed it will stop at the respective machine(accor¬ ding to our needs we will open or close the keys), in the mi¬ ddle we see the apparatus for exterior preparation(AEP)which take the water resultant from the previous second prewash op- θ eration and is supplied to the first prewash operation(IP) ,

(for heavy duty items, the rest of the washing process is ca¬ rried in the washing machines, so the time for soaking is ca¬ rried outside the washing machines, so thereof the possibili¬ ty to adopt short programs within the WM, the light duty ite- S ms are treated directly in the washing machines(they will ta¬ ke water for the second prewash operation-in the actual state of the art there is no prewash operation for the light items- resultant from the first rinse operation 2P) , and then the main wash MW, the same of the previous MW, with light corr¬ ection of the dose of the MW(10-15%) then for the first rin¬ se from the secon rinse(IR), and for the second from the th- 5 ird(2R), and so on 3R,4R, we see 2 tanks for the special tre¬ atment, (with chlorine)ST, also for the first rinse 1RST, the same arrangements, like the other 21ines(not explained but very easy to imagine for the people of the art). FIG(23A): here we see the efficiency of the recycling by the 10 addition of at least one extra prewash operation to the wash¬ ing machine of the actual state of art(also the help of (AEP) also is seen elimination at3R(50%due to the use of softener). FIG(23B): here are seen the arrangements to help the dryer (DR) of the actual state of the art, for higher performance, IS the dryer of the actual state of the art(which has condensed the water vapour which saves 50% of the heating power-but ne¬ eds about double duration of time to enable the vapour conde¬ nser to carry out its duty, by this invention the recycling of the heat is done outside the dryer, also is anticipated by 2.0 the isolation of the humidity of the fresh air by a humidity regulator(HR/fig33) , HR can be same time solar celKespecial- ly the last rooms, then the heating with regular solar heat¬ ers of fig24, num:203,204) .

FIG(23C): here we see the limited application of isolation of 25 the cylinder's contents from washing room and so thereof the possibility of carrying out the passive rinse, in 23C we see it by a tube which showers the cylinder the relieves(lR9)will oblige the water to enter the cylinder as soon as possible, also as high as possible, the washing room or subroom is eva- _>o cuated as soon as possible.

FIG(23D): a schematic view of the apparatus for exterior pre¬ paration AEP, every 4 AEP have one valve, which helps them, they will be showered few times and then the next 4 AEP, and so on. L:light duty items. H:heavy duty items. V:valve. IP: 5 tank for the water for the first prewash(within the AEP). APPROACH TO THE SECOND GROUP OF INVENTIONS

MULTIPHASIC SYSTEM FOR THE IRRIGATION AND PROTECTION OF PLANTS

(MSI)

This invention relates to a system for the irrigation and pr- 5 otection of plants. (see terms). the irrigation systems in the actual state of the art make it possible to irrigate and sometimes to protect the plants by providing fresh water(total or partial dependence on fresh water), under the form of one phase(i.e:gaseous or liqui ),&

] 0 so thereby their denomination Uniphasic systems, accordingly we would classify them into 2 main groups: Uniphasic liquid group(ULS), & Uniphasic gaseous group(UGS) . ULS: contains the following tools,-DT and ST. DT are dripping tools located near the plants roots(relatively big),DT saves lot of fresh water |S (Wf) but still depend totally on it,also they don't play any protective role(from the variations of temperatures-to high & low). ST spraying tools,they are located little bit above the plants, ST spray water under the form of very small droplets although they save less water than DT nevertheless they play

20 a very important role in the protection of the plants, they are able to re-absorb(by the form of water they offer) the harmful effects, both of the high and low temperatures, the other group is the Uniphasic gaseous group(UGS): this group comprises the following; my old invention(system for t-

2.S he irrigation and protection of plants-SIPP-priority date

31/10/1994, Greek patent office 'OBI'-withdrawn in favour of this invention) , and some other methods mentioned in a letter of British Technology Group(a copy of this letter is included with the documents of this invention) ,UGS are characterised θ by supplying the plants with saturated air with water vapour (SAV) from other sources than potable water(i.e:sea water,hu¬ midity of the air,etc. this is for SIPP) the exact difference between SIPP and the other methods mentioned in the British Technology Letter(BTG) are not known to me but they all toge- 5 ther (UGS) are characterised by providing a supplementary quantity of water(fresh) , but not the whole quantity, further more this new quantity UGS provided is not able to promote t- the interested parties(irrigation companies) to apply them commercially. this invention solves the problem of the depen¬ dence on fresh water for irrigation, it even creates a new source of fresh water. The guideline difference between this invention and the above mentioned state of art, are the

5 following: l)the water provided by the other systems is under the form of one phase(from here their denomination)Uniphasic. in the system of this invention the, water provided is under the fo¬ rm of 2 phases(in representative form for both)respectively

\0 in the gaseous phase(which saturates the air with water vap¬ our exactly like the vapour in SAV in the UGS)and in the li¬ quid phase(the proper irrigating component)under the form of tiny droplets(Wt) (read beneath). Wt enables the air to irri¬ gate the plants totally independently of fresh water(for this S reason we call the air used as a carrier of Wt Fertile Humid Air FHA) .

2)the water in the ULS is from fresh water resources, in this system is totally from other resources than fresh water,

down(on the plants),a strong promoter in this operation is the silence of the winds(therefor the Wind Barriers WB,and the Cover C)

In order to produce Fha the solar energy unit(fig-1-1,2,3,4) will supply FHC)fertile humid air producing cell),either dir- ectly( ),or indirectly(HC) ,this is according to weather con- ditions(in the hot summer is prefered to irrigate in the nig¬ ht,while in the winter is prefered to make direct use of the energy,due to the fact it is little,also a part of it will be ^0 wasted by the storage in the heat container(HC) ,beside this the plants tolerate the irrigation in the cold weather,so HR (humidity regulator/ ) ,and HPC(humidity producing cell/ ) will co-operate to produce SAV,the supplying tube system(SST) can be with cooler(SSTC) if needed( )here FHC will add Wt / to SAV,and as a result the formation of FHA, hich will be re- cycled(R),or eliminated(E)by,the system of evacuation tubes SET,which also can have the same construction of SSTC(especi- ally in case of R) . the site of the farm can be located above HC, so making use .0 of the lost heat from HC(fig-31-) ,also there is a possibili¬ ty to recycle the heat from FHC to water distillation plant (fig-30-) ,also another manner to produce FHA from wind ener- gy(fig36A,36B,36C,36D) finally in the places close to the sea we can use the sea wa- o ter as a source of energy(to circulate inside the tubes(fig 27-207) ,there is a need of 100 liter of sea water to circul¬ ate inside the tubes 207 in order to evaporate 1 liter of sea water on the exterior side of the tubes 207, (if inside the tube every gram of sea water will supply 6 calories/ab- O out 6 C decrease in its temperature) .in the night sea water is hotter than the land and the air so SAV will be transfor¬ med easily into FHA. EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES

All the figures and their contents are of relative dimensi¬ ons,the exact dimensions are up to field experiments. 24)a general view of the whole MSI and the farm F, So 201 is a group of tubes of small diameter( lcm)of dark colour which 5 will increase the temperature of the oil(or water,etc) to a degree little bit more than the environment(#5C) , 202 is sim¬ ilar group of tube with a small transparent cover(glass,fiber glass etc),l and 2 together are able to increase the tempera¬ ture of the sea water about 20 C,after this the water enters \0 a usual solar cell where it will reach 70-80 C(203) after th¬ is,the tubes will be heated by concentrators of solar energy (204)so the water(or the oil(will reach higher temperatures (ranging from 100 till 200 or 300 C/according to the conditi¬ ons).the heat will be contained in HC( )or will be used _$ directly(205) .from the other side(beneath) .Humidity Regulator (HR) ,will prepare the air(new or recycled),in co-operation with the Humidity producing cell(HPC) ,fig35B,so HR and HPC will produce SAV(saturated air with water vapour/water in the gaseous phase),SAV will be transformed to FHA(fertile humid θ a±τ )which contains beside SAV,a more important component,whi¬ ch is the proper irrigating component of FHA which is tiny droplets of water(in the liquid phase),the production of FHA will be carried out in the FHA producing cell(FHC)fig29,FHA is carried to the farm(F)by SST(system of tubes for the tran-

2J& sportation of FHA/or any other air if needed)

SST can also be provided with cooler(SSTC)if necessary(see fig36E,from F the used(restant)FHA will be eliminated(E) or recycled(R)by SET(system of tubes for the evacuation of FHA), to the respective part(i.e :HR or HPC or FHC).finally in the

_\ farm F we see the ramification of SST,and the merging of SET, for the supply and the evacuation of FHA fresh and used resp¬ ectively,fig( ).also in this figure we see a group of valves (206)to rule the movement of the water(or oil)according to necessities of MSI.207 the tubes to carry the liquid which 5 absorbs the heat from the solar cell.208 the tubes carrying the air(i. e:SET, SST, SSTC) .

25)in this figure we see the arrangement of the ground'( sands , etc) 210. in order to increase the heat absorbtion.201 are the usual tubes, 202 are the similar tubes with a small transpar- ent cover.

26)here we see the concentratorst'204 )tif the solar radiations

211.

27 )a section in HC(heat container)we see the tubes supplying the heat (207) , and then reabsorbing it when needed(to be prov- ided to FHC,jbr to the Distillation plant( DP) , f ig-30-) .

28)here we see the creators xif FHA inside FHC similar to tHe ones of figure here will pass hot liquid instead of air). 29) a general view of FHC where SAV will be transformed into FHA by the excess of vapourCwater in the gaseous phase)over 100%, which will condensate under the form of tiny droplets of water in the liquid phase, 30.FW( fresh wate r) .SWl sea water) helre we see a combination between the production of FHA arid the di stilt Illation of water, down we see FHC limited to the pro¬ duction of Wg from sea water which tends to go .up to DP where Wg will condensate de liver ing huge quantity of heat( approxi¬ mately 600 calories for every gram of vapour), this heat will be recycled again considering the loss of heat by conduction), and then to produce FHA from SAV.tfP can be repeated many ti- imes /here'2 / .31 )n'ere we see the locatiα of the farm over tne heat ct'ntai'ne'r and so the creαcαon of green house(Heat deli¬ very systemHDS) .HDS will supply heat to the fjarm automaticβ- lly.ai.so a stratum of isolator (SI) can be opened automatica¬ lly^© ntro lied by the temperature level in the farm). PS is a usual isolator surrounding the rest of the heat containe-r(HC) , also we see the tuoes which carry the liquid containing the he'at from HC o r from the solar eel 1(207).

32)here we see some manners to collect the water( fresh or polta ble ) from Wg o f FHA which concLen ate on t e walls of MSI (i .e: C, WB , SET ,SST, SSTC, MR, HP<L\ etc) or just falling on the wβlϊ 33A)in this figure we see the Humidity Regulatόr( HR) up on the low specific weight the water vapour is lighter thόn tne air (molecular weight for water vapour is ISrtfor 22,4 liters. 27)a section in HC(heat container) we see the tubes supplying the heat(207) ,and then re-absorbing it when needed(to be pro¬ vided to FHC,or to the Distillation plant(DP) , fig30) . 28)here we see the creators of FHA inside FHC(similar to the

5 ones of figure here will pass hot liquid instead of air) . 29)a general view of FHC where SAV will be transformed into FHA by the excess of vapour(water in the gaseous phase)over 100%,which will condensate under the form of tiny droplets of water in the liquid phase. tO 30)FW(fresh water) .SW(sea water)here we see a combination be¬ tween the production of FHA and the distillation of water, down we see FHC limited to the production of Wg from sea wat¬ er which tends to go up to DP where Wg will condensate deliv¬ ering huge quantity of heat(approximately 600 calories for

|ζ every gram of vapour),this heat will be recycled again(con- sidering the loss of heat by donduction) ,and then to produce FHA from SAV.DP can be repeated many times/here 2. 31)here we see the location of the farm over the heat contai¬ ner and so the creation of green house(Heat delivery system

2.0 HDS) HDS will supply heat to the farm automatically, also a stratum of isolator(SI) can be opened automatically(controll¬ ed by the temperature level in the farm) . PS is a usual iso¬ lator surrounding the rest of the heat container(HC) ,also we see the tubes which carry the liquid containing the heat from £ HC or from the solar cell(207).

32)here we see some manners to collect the water(fresh or po¬ table)from Wg of FHA which condensate on the walls of MSI(i.e C,WB,SET,SST,SSTC,HR,HPC, etc), or just falling on the wall (has already condensating before, i.e :Wt) . this water will be θ collected to be used somewhere else.

33A)in this figure we see the Humidity Regulator(HR) , up on the low specific weight,the water vapour is lighter than the air(molecular weight for water vapour is 18/for 22,41iters, standard conditions/and for the air is 28,8)so in the upper S sides the values of relative humidity(U) is higher than in the lower sides.the process starts- from the left as we see t- he value of U is(all the numbers represent the value of U) 40%, at the end it reaches 100%.

33B)here we see the reverse of figure33A(to decrease the U till the value of U is convenient,otherwise we continue the process. 34A)here we see a type of(used in this invention)Humidity producing cell(HPC)where:225 is tank for sea water(or similar water not good for direct irrigation) .226:a tube carrying sea water from 225 to respective parts.227:holes in 226 to water down the permeable wall 229 which has the duty to humidify the air till the saturation, so therefor the production of SAV(saturated air with water vapour) .228:this type of arrows shows the direction of the sea water.230:container for the restant water after the humidifying of the air.231:is contai¬ ner similar to 230 for sure safety measures.232 :is a tube su- ^" pplying sea water.233 :is a tube for the elimination of the restant sea water.234:a tube supplying 225.235:an automatic pump with the valves to help the respective department where its needed.WB: ind barriers to prevent the winds from carry¬ ing away the salts by the air. 34B)another manner to produce SAV where 236:is a tank full with sea water(or similar water) .237:is a pump to push the air inside the tank.238:is a network dividing the air into very small balls.23 : hich will pass through the water and so getting saturated with water vapour(i.e:SAV) 34C)here another manner to produce SAV,here the air will pass through the room.240:here the air will be sprayed with sea water by the sprayer.241:and so becoming SAV.

35A)here we see some examples of co-operation between FHC and HR in this case HR will increase until U reaches 100%(all the numbers here indicate the value of U percent),as we see in t- the first line up U reaching 98(about 100%)which is theoriti- cally and practically possible, the second line down is poss¬ ible only theoritically,but too hard practically,where U is reaching more than 100%.this reflects the impossibility of the passive humidifying manners which produce only SAV to ir¬ rigate totally the plants, in order to carry out this idea SAV must be transformed to FHA, either by cooling SAV or by adding Wt to SAV, or both.

35B)another model of co-operation this time between HR and HPC and FHC,the air in this case is too hot so HR will decre¬ ase its U,and then HPC will humidify the air and so therefor 5 will get colder, as we see here this process is repeated twice.

36A)here we see a model to use wind energy,in this figure we see a general view of FHC and its accessories(i.etin this ca¬ se there is a difference between the equipment for the use of |0 solar energy and the use of wind energy). FHC:is the cubic delimited between the points a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h.above FHC is Di¬ stillation Plant DP,delimited between the points:i,d,c, j,1, k,h,g(for DP see fig30) .HWC(heat and wind condenser)delimited between the points:there are 2HWC,one delimited between the

|5 points:r,f,s,έ,h,g,e, f.and another one between the points:n, m,ή,m,a,b,c,d. ;the duties of HWC is to increase the speed of the wind within FHC,also HWC can increase the temperature of the air if the superior'faces are-transparent and the infer¬ ior faces are of dark colour(to re-absorb the heat)also HWC o by its turn is helped by moveable wind barriers(MWB) to inc¬ rease and decrease the speed of the wind(according to the ci¬ rcumstances) ,MWB are delimited between the points:σ,q,r, ,t, t , s, s,n,m,o,ό,ή,m,p,p.the arrows show the direction of the wind,so the air will enter

25 36B)a topographic view of FHC and its accessories(HWC,MWB) incase of use of wind energy,here we see the superior points only(i.e:p,m,m,o,d,c,g,q,f,s,t).

36C)here we see a section of FHC in the middle between the points,hd,gc,fb,ea, in the empty circles will circulate the Q air of the energy supplying circulation, i.e:form one end of one HWC, to the end of the other HWC,inside the circles(tubes see fig ).this circulation doesήt get in touch with the farm 36D)here we see the irrigating circulation,this circulationed air is the fertile humid air which will carry the Wt to the 5 plants. The space of activity(movement)of the air in this ci¬ rculation is outside the circles(tubes) ,SAV will come from HR or HPC, or even recycled from the farm(F)by SET,will be cool- ed by SSTC, the excess of Wg will be transformed into Wt so SAV will become FHA.here lots of fresh water will condensa¬ te 242 is point to collect fresh water,the same can be done with SET,SST,etc. 5 36E)here is explained the form of the tubes for both solar and wind energy, in case of wind energy,and also availabil¬ ity in the market reasons I have chosen the tube form,there are many other forms(oval/channel,etc forms/fig )inside the tube will circulate a relatively hot,this air will provide

10 its heat(by the wall of the tube243),to the sea water which is caught by as thin as possible material(244) ,so a huge quantity of water will be evaporated and will go up(the arrow 246/the arrows showing the possible movements inside the tu¬ bes energy circulation are 247),due to the fact that SAV is

15 as we said saturated and as cold as possible so the vapour will condensate under the form of tiny droplets of water in the liquid phase, hich is the real irrigating component of the air which will be called fertile humid air(FHA)vapour which still saturates FHA will play a promotor decisive role 20 from one side in the formation of the water droplets(Wt)and then their protection from the evaporation, from the other side it will prevent the water of the plants from being eva¬ porated.248 is a tube provided with a smaller tube which pr¬ ovide sea water(245 is a restant drop of sea water/to recyc- 25 led or eliminated/according to the circumstances) .249:is the small tube providing sea water.250:is a tube with only the material,this tube will be supplied with sea water by a piece of material(251) .in case of solar energy will circulate a li¬ quid instead of the air of energy circulation(247) . Sθ also the size of these tubes will be smaller(for liquid ener¬ gy circulation,see figure24) .

37)in this figure we see some manners to supply FHA and to recycle,and/or eliminate it, y SST(or SSTC)and SET respectiv¬ ely,so in fig37A the supply is from up,fig37B from down,the 5 evacuation is done in the reverse manner,it can be done from the same side(not designed but easy to imagine).

Claims

CLAIMS 1)A washing machine(automatic,semiautomatic,or manula),for clothes & --i ilar items,comprising:

A)a cylinαer,divided or not)fig5, 10,10A, 12) ,having one ext¬ erior wall or more,within the cylinder are washed the items, S (fig5, 10, 10A) ,one door or more(fig5,numA,B.figlOA)having tr¬ iangles(figl3,num:188)to push the items,and to shower them with the same water in which they are soaked(figl3C) . B)a washing room, ivided or not(figl,num:15,16.figlO, 10A) . having the water participating in the washing process. 10 C)valves to . apply and evacuate the suitable water. D)filters for the water.figl. E)recycling system fig8.

F)a control board,to adapt the work of the washing machine, (figδ).this washing machine is characterised by the functi-

15 onal isolation of every part of the washing machine(i.e: the cylinder and so therefor its contents 'the washed items,and their water'from the washing room/figl,23C, and in their turn the subcylinder and the subrooms/fig5,num:A,B.figl,num:15, 16. respectively) .and so thereof the possibility to sense the wa-

2J0 ter form the inlet valves to the respective part(cylinder, subcylinder,room subroom),and from this part to any other part(according to the exigencies) ,or towards the outlets of the washing machine. So therefor the possibility to wash ite¬ ms of different quality of colour(i.e:in one subcylinder whi-

2£ te colour items, in the other/subcylinder,the other items.

2)A washing process characterised by having at least one ext¬ ra prewash operation(over the usual number in the actual sta¬ te of the art, as follows:light duty items now without pre¬ wash,will be one prewash,med-heavy duty items,now with one

^Φ prewash,will bs with two prewash operations, ery heavy duty items now with one-two prewash operations will be with 2-3 prewash operations,etc. (very special cases)

3)A process of passive rinse consisting of showering the ite¬ ms with relatively low speed of the cylinder,so the items get

35 mixed up and down and simultaneously slow current of water is rinsing the items,and carrying away dirts,salts,chemicals,etc very fast,this process can be done as one unit, by opening one inlet,and end with its closure,or by the consequent open¬ ing and the closure of a respective inlet,to be followed by the next inlet.and from the other side simultaneously reacti- 5 on of the out-lets(their number is up to economical efficien¬ cy factors) ,also the passive rinse can be followed by a deep soaking of the items,to treat any unrinsed spot,amd then a spin or not(according to the circumstances) . with the accom¬ panying organical changes(in the structure,addition of tools, 10 relieves) and/or functional(lower speed of the cylinder,etc) , modifications to meet these needs, this process helps to pass not only from one rinse to the next rinse operation,but also from one prewash to the next prewash,and in some circumstan¬ ces from the prewash to the main wash(economical efficiency). 15 and from one rinse operation to the next rinse operation,and the necessary equipmen .fig5, 12, 13

4)According to the abovementioned claims,the following acces¬ sories: A)apparatus for exterior preparation(AEP)able to soak,carry

2θ away a good part of the dirt,with a suitable period/periods of loading,unloading the water in which the items are soaked, AEP is characterised by having a suitable door for loading & unloading the items in the washing machine.also AEP can be gathered in a unit of many AEP supplied by one valve,their

2S water goes to the next unit of AEP,etc figl8,23D

B)apparatus for osmotic extraction(AOE) able to extract a further quantity of water from the washed and extracted items by pressing them between dry sheets,able to re-absorb another quantity of water.figl9

^■3θ 5)According to the abovementioned claims,any combination bet¬ ween the washing machines of the actual state of the art and any principle of this invention(i.e :recycling manners,passive rinsesimultaneous doubled computerised leadership 6)The preheating of the water(needed to be heated)from the S heat of the environment(or little bit higher),and then the heating by the solar cells of the actual state of the art. fig24.num:201

SUBSTTTUTE SHEET (RULE 26) 7)The use of sea water to supply the flush of the toilets water down the basin(not to allow the sticking of the fecal materials on the walls of the basin,all this is followed by a rinse with very little quantity of fresh water to take a- 5 way the salts.

8)Multiphasic a system for the irrigation and protection of plants(MSI)comprising:humidity regulator(HR)able to increase or decrease the humidity of the air(fig33A,33B) & the tempe¬ rature of the air by its position(above or under the ground). \0 humidity producing cell(HPC) ,HPC adds to the air water vapour (water in the gaseous phase),from liquid origin(water in liq¬ uid phase) ,commonly HPC decreases the temperature of the air, by its position(above or under the ground it can also regula¬ te the temperature of the air(fig34A,34B.34C) -Hr,and HPC can IS each alone,or by their co-operation produce saturated air wi¬ th water vapour(SAV) , (fig35A,35B) -HR,and HPC are both passive manners(no need for energy) ,evaporating cell(EC)able to prod¬ uce water vapour in excess(much over U 100%,this excess will be transformed soon from gaseous phase to the liquid phase

2θ under the form of tiny droplets/Wt) ,for this reason is called also fertile humid air producing cell(FHC/fig29( , a system of tubes for the supplying of the appropriate air to the plants immediately to the plants or via other parts(i.e :HR,HPC,FHC, etc)and from there to the plants,fig24,fig36A. a system for

2.5 the evacuation of the used air to be eliminated or to be rec- ycled(SET) ,both SET and SST can play a cooling role if needed SSTC,fig36E.wind barriers(natural,i.e:trees,or industrial, i.e:wall/metallic or plastic etc) ,ceiling(C) ,this system is characterised by being able by one part,or by the combination θ of at least two parts to produce a multiphasic air(air conta¬ ining water in more than one phase, i.e:SAV/saturated air with water vapour/and Wt/water droplets in the liquid phase.

9)According to claim 8 any combination between the MSI and the irrigating tools of the actual state of the art 5 A)a secondary collection of fresh water condensating on the walls of MSI.fig32. B)the combination between the production of FHA and the dist- illation of water at the same time or at different times each type alone.fig30

Oan initial passive production of water vapour(without ener¬ gy,e.g:HR,or HPC/fig33,34)and then the activation of this ξ water vapour(by use of energy/heat)for any reason.fig29

10(The combination between the HR)humidity regulator)and the solar energy to heat the air before entering the dryer,and combinated with the recycling of the heat of the air leaving the dryer,for the air entering the HR-SC(humidity regulator,

|0 same time solar cell) .fig23B. In case of air with high humi¬ dity,first HR and then the recycling of heat of the leaving air,and then the heating by solar energy,fig23B.