WO1997014163A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines kontaktstückes - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines kontaktstückes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997014163A1 WO1997014163A1 PCT/EP1996/004294 EP9604294W WO9714163A1 WO 1997014163 A1 WO1997014163 A1 WO 1997014163A1 EP 9604294 W EP9604294 W EP 9604294W WO 9714163 A1 WO9714163 A1 WO 9714163A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- mold
- base body
- contact
- sintered structure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/0203—Contacts characterised by the material thereof specially adapted for vacuum switches
- H01H1/0206—Contacts characterised by the material thereof specially adapted for vacuum switches containing as major components Cu and Cr
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for producing a contact piece according to the preamble of claims 1 and 13
- the contact pieces for a vacuum switch were made from two or more metallic components in which a sintered metal structure, which often consists essentially of chromium, is soaked with copper, so that a contact body made of a chromium-copper alloy can be produced on an industrial scale
- Chromium-copper contacts can also be produced by powder metallurgy from the corresponding metals, here contact pieces are formed which consist entirely of this mixture
- REPLACEMENT BLA ⁇ (RULE 26) Since the erosion-resistant material, for example chromium, has a lower electrical conductivity than copper, efforts are made to keep the chromium content in the entire contact piece as low as possible, which can be done in a variety of ways are known from DE 31 07 688, for example, to coat the surface by a plasma spraying process
- DE 35 41 584 discloses a method and a device for producing metal composite materials and contact pieces for electrical switching devices produced therewith in which the surface of the base body is partially melted with a suitable energy beam and powder active components are supplied to the melting volume and in the base material are installed
- the substrate surface ie the surface of the carrier body
- the additive is applied to the substrate surface in the form of a loose powder layer, thereby wetting the powder in the powder layer or the powder layer becoming flush ⁇ material soaked from the melted local area, whereby the powder of the powder layer is integrated into the surface of the substrate and the desired surface layer is formed
- the object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a contact piece which is simple to carry out and in which a contact piece is produced which has good electrical conductivity with high arc erosion resistance and sufficient mechanical strength
- the base body and the sintered structure are placed one above the other in a preferably cup-like shape and then up to the melting temperature.
- SPARE BLADE (RULE 26) temperature of the first material but still heated below the melting temperature of the second material so that the first material melts and penetrates into the sintered layer
- the second material can be applied or sprinkled on the first material in powder form. Thereafter, both materials are first brought to a sintering temperature below the melting temperature of the first material to produce the sintered structure and then above the melting temperature of the first material heated It has been found in examinations that, especially when the mold is made of steel, the copper wets the inner wall of the steel mold, so that when the amount of powder is at the same height or below the edge of the mold, the applied chrome-copper layer differs from the The edge is lowered inwards so that the entire contact body layer is twisted off during reworking in the edge area
- the mold is overfilled with powder so that the powder protrudes beyond the edge of the mold.
- a molded ring is placed on the base body, which ensures that the powder is beveled conically in the edge area Cone angle is an embankment angle that is dependent on the grain size of the powder. In any case, such an angle must be chosen so that the powder does not trickle downwards in this area
- the basic body can also have a cup-shaped depression on its contact side, into which the second material is introduced, the edge of the depression should then project beyond the edge of the shape
- the cup-like shape can consist of metal, preferably of steel or stainless steel, this shape then remains on the finished contact piece as a so-called lost shape.
- This lost shape has the advantage that it mechanically reinforces the contact piece on the side opposite the contact surface and stiffened If ferritic steel is used, the wall of the cup shape is expediently only partially removed, to the extent that when the arc is switched off, the arc does not reach the end edge of the shape made of the ferrous steel.
- the arc contracts and is set in rotation by the spiral shape to is only partially turned off after cooling, i.e. is still present on the outer edge of the contact piece, then this wall together with the wall of the opposite contact piece reinforces the axial magnetic field in the circumferential region, which is particularly advantageous if an axial magnetic field is taken by suitable measures between the opened contacts is produced
- the form instead of producing the form entirely from ceramic, it can have a bottom made of carbon (graphite) and a wall made of ceramic printed against the bottom.
- the inner surface of the wall made of ceramic is the first material is not wetted, so that after solidification the surface is convexly curved.
- Al 2 O 3 can advantageously be used as the ceramic
- a contact piece is to be produced which is installed in a vacuum interrupter chamber, then oxygen-free, highly conductive copper is used as the copper and the heating is carried out in a high vacuum furnace.
- the chrome powder degasses in a high vacuum furnace at temperatures below the copper melting point. In the course of this extrusion gas, the powder sinters together to form a stiff porous framework, the thickness of the layer changing insignificantly. It is of course also possible to subject the chrome powder to a compressive force during this degassing process, which can be done with an appropriate pressure stamp After completion of this process, the system is then briefly heated above the copper melting point, so that the porous chromium layer is impregnated with high-purity copper without pores.
- chrome powder any type of metal can of course be used, provided that its melting temperature is above that of the melting point of the carrier body.
- any other metal and mixtures of these metals can accordingly be used
- the invention can also be used for the production of contact pieces for switching devices that are not vacuum interrupters. If, instead of a plate-like basic body shape, the basic body has a rounded dome shape, then this can also be inserted in a shape made of steel, for example. are set, it is then completely filled with the second material so that the dome-shaped base body is completely covered. Here too, filling the mold with the second material makes sense in the same way as with the disk-shaped contact pieces
- the thickness of the contact layer is also determined with the thickness of the powder layer; depending on the grain size of the powder and the sintering process, the proportion of chromium in the contact layer can be varied
- FIG. 13 shows the arrangement according to FIG. 12 after the heat treatment
- a base body 13 made of copper which has a bowl-shaped depression 14 with an axially projecting edge 15 on its contact-side surface, chrome powder 16 is filled into the bowl mold 14, 15.
- the annular gap 17 between the inner surface of the mold 10 and the outer surface of the base body 13 should be as narrow as possible.
- the mold 10 with the base body 13 and the chromium powder 16 (hereinafter also referred to as contact layer 16) is introduced into a high-vacuum furnace and according to FIG 14 subjected to a heat treatment First the arrangement is heated to a temperature Ti which is below the melting point of the material from which the basic body 13 is made.
- the temperature Ti For copper this is a temperature of 1 083 ° C, the temperature Ti must be less than 1 083 ° C During the period .DELTA.t E , the arrangement is degassed and by the fusion, the powder 16 sinters together and nd a porous framework forms a sintered structure.
- T 2 the temperature inside the furnace
- the sintered structure is impregnated with copper, so that the contact layer is formed Cooling then takes place inside the furnace, a shield 18 being arranged around the arrangement according to FIG.
- the mold 24 is made of metal, stainless steel or steel, this mold is wetted by copper and is then a so-called lost mold and is part of the contact piece
- a plate 31 made of copper is inserted into the mold 24.
- a ring 32 is placed on the plate 31 made of copper, which has a radial collar 33 and a cylindrical projection 34.
- the cylindrical projection 34 has one Outer diameter which fits exactly into the wall 28 of the mold 24.
- the inner surface 35 of the cylindrical projection 32 is conical and in fact widens towards the bottom 24.
- the angle ⁇ which forms a surface line with the adjacent surface of the copper plate 31 is to be dimensioned such that that on the Powder 36 placed on plate 31 does not fall down when ring 32 is removed.
- the angle u is practically a Bosch angle, it depends on the grain size of the powder 36
- the mold 24 is thus overfilled and a contact piece shape is formed in which the parting plane 16b of the contact layer 16 and the base body 13a is very flat, provided that the adjacent surface of the base body 13a was even if the adjacent surface of the base body 13a has a different shape, then this parting plane will correspond to this other shape, since the sintered structure is influenced by this surface of the contact body or base body 13
- the mold 75 is produced from ferritic material. This creates an axial magnetic field 83 in the area of the side walls 74 between the contact piece shown in FIG. 9 or FIG. 10 and a similarly formed, opposite contact piece, which has further advantages, in particular if suitable measures are taken between the opening pieces an axial magnetic field is generated
- the base body is drawn as a disk, possibly with a projecting edge. It is also possible, see FIG. 11, to insert a dome-shaped base body 85 into a mold 84 which corresponds to the molds 24, 75 and to fill the space 86 between the mold 84 and the base body 85 with powder 87, the free area 88 of the powder projects beyond the edge 89 of the mold 84 and an embankment similar to the embankment 35 of FIG. 5 is formed there.
- the arrangement according to FIG. 11 can now be subjected to a heat treatment process in the same way as, for example, the arrangements according to FIG. 1 to 6
- the dome-shaped base body 85 is in the sintered structure, which is formed by the powder 87. penetrate and - by means of suitable machining post-processing, a dome-shaped contact piece can be formed, which can be used as an arcing break contact in a high-voltage circuit breaker in which an isothermal gas is used as the quenching medium
- the shape according to FIG. 1 is a ceramic shape which is produced, for example, from Al 2 O 3
- a mold which has a carbon plate (graphite plate) 90 on which a cylindrical ring 91 made of Al 2 O 3 is placed.
- a base body is inserted into the ring 91 on the plate , which, since it resembles the basic bodies according to FIGS. 1 to 4, is given the reference number 13.
- the ring 91 must be pressed against the plate 90 with mechanical force F, so that liquid copper is avoided through the gap between the ring 91 and the plate 90
- the contact layer 92 is convexly curved, in particular in the peripheral edge, since the copper of the base body 13 does not wet the ceramic ring.
- the chrome powder can have different grain sizes or only a grain size in a narrow large range Grains of different shapes are used, and it is also possible to use a mixture of chrome-copper powder to form the sintered structure for the contact layer It is shown above that all sintered structures are produced by applying powder in a resilient form to the base body and then sintering the free-flowing powder. It is also possible to place a previously sintered plate on the base body; The considerations regarding convex or concave surface shape that apply to the designs according to FIGS. 1 to 13 must also be observed when a sintered plate (green compact) is placed on top.
- the inner surface of the mold 24 could be covered with a film of a material that is insoluble in the copper melt, e.g. B Tungsten or molybdenum are coated so that the shape is separated from the copper melt, similar to the version with the coating 29, 30 with ceramic.
- a material that is insoluble in the copper melt e.g. B Tungsten or molybdenum are coated so that the shape is separated from the copper melt, similar to the version with the coating 29, 30 with ceramic.
- a high-vacuum furnace will have to be used for the production of contact pieces for a vacuum switch so that the chrome powder can be degassed sufficiently.
- a protective gas atmosphere could also prevail in the furnace
Landscapes
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
- High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE59607681T DE59607681D1 (de) | 1995-10-10 | 1996-10-02 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines kontaktstückes |
| EP96933439A EP0796500B1 (de) | 1995-10-10 | 1996-10-02 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines kontaktstückes |
| JP51468397A JP3652706B2 (ja) | 1995-10-10 | 1996-10-02 | 接触部材の製造方法及び装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19537657A DE19537657A1 (de) | 1995-10-10 | 1995-10-10 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Kontaktstückes |
| DE19537657.9 | 1995-10-10 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/872,219 Continuation US6010659A (en) | 1995-10-10 | 1997-06-10 | Method and device for producing a contact element |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1997014163A1 true WO1997014163A1 (de) | 1997-04-17 |
Family
ID=7774453
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1996/004294 Ceased WO1997014163A1 (de) | 1995-10-10 | 1996-10-02 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines kontaktstückes |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6010659A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0796500B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP3652706B2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1070635C (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19537657A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1997014163A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1096322C (zh) * | 1998-03-23 | 2002-12-18 | 西安理工大学 | 铜钨——铬铜整体触头立式烧结方法 |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19612143B4 (de) * | 1996-03-27 | 2005-05-04 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Spiralkontaktstückes für eine Vakuumkammer und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
| US6248969B1 (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 2001-06-19 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Vacuum circuit breaker, and vacuum bulb and vacuum bulb electrode used therefor |
| DE19746316A1 (de) * | 1997-10-21 | 1999-04-22 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Axialmagnetfeldkontaktstück für eine Vakuumkammer und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben |
| DE19902499C2 (de) * | 1999-01-22 | 2001-02-22 | Moeller Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Kontaktanordnung für eine Vakuumschaltröhre |
| JP3654493B2 (ja) * | 1999-03-16 | 2005-06-02 | タイコエレクトロニクスアンプ株式会社 | フレキシブル回路基板の接続構造 |
| DE19933111A1 (de) * | 1999-07-15 | 2001-01-18 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Vakuumkammer und Verfahren zur Herstellung der Vakuumkammer |
| SE516574C2 (sv) * | 1999-08-12 | 2002-01-29 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Värmeförseglingsback samt sätt att framställa nämnda back |
| DE19960876A1 (de) * | 1999-12-17 | 2001-06-21 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kontaktstückrohlings und eines Kontaktstückes sowie ein Kontaktstückrohling, ein Kontaktstück und eine Kontaktstückanordnung für Axialmagnetfeldanwendungen in einer Vakuumkammer |
| DE10019121A1 (de) * | 2000-04-18 | 2001-10-25 | Moeller Gmbh | Elektrischer Schaltkontakt und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
| EP1875481A1 (de) * | 2005-04-16 | 2008-01-09 | ABB Technology AG | Verfahren zur herstellung von kontaktstücken für vakuumschaltkammern |
| DE202005021749U1 (de) | 2005-04-16 | 2009-10-01 | Abb Technology Ag | Kontaktstück für Vakuumschaltkammern |
| US8262381B2 (en) * | 2006-06-22 | 2012-09-11 | Sabic Innovative Plastics Ip B.V. | Mastering tools and systems and methods for forming a cell on the mastering tools |
| US7807938B2 (en) * | 2006-06-22 | 2010-10-05 | Sabic Innovative Plastics Ip B.V. | Mastering tools and systems and methods for forming a plurality of cells on the mastering tools |
| KR20090057226A (ko) * | 2006-09-01 | 2009-06-04 | 구라레 루미나스 가부시끼가이샤 | 충격 타깃 캡슐 및 충격 압축 장치 |
| EP1997574A1 (de) | 2007-06-01 | 2008-12-03 | ABB Technology AG | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kontaktteils für eine Schaltanlage sowie eines Kontaktteils an sich |
| CN101834077B (zh) * | 2010-04-16 | 2012-02-01 | 河南理工大学 | 一种制造纯铜/铜铬合金复合触头材料的方法 |
| JP2012216368A (ja) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-11-08 | Toshiba Corp | 耐アーク電気接点およびその製造方法、並びに耐アーク電気接点を用いた開閉器 |
| CN104271290B (zh) * | 2012-06-25 | 2015-12-09 | 株式会社栗本铁工所 | 长形轻金属坯料的制造方法 |
| US9378908B2 (en) | 2013-09-04 | 2016-06-28 | Eaton Corporation | Vacuum switching apparatus and contact assembly therefor |
| CN113278963B (zh) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-12-20 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | 一种利用冷喷涂成型制备的铜铬合金端环及其制备方法 |
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| DE2536153A1 (de) * | 1975-08-13 | 1977-02-17 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum herstellen mehrschichtiger kontaktstuecke fuer vakuummitelspannungsleistungsschalter |
| DE3107688A1 (de) * | 1981-02-28 | 1982-09-16 | Calor-Emag Elektrizitäts-Aktiengesellschaft, 4030 Ratingen | Schaltkontakt |
| GB2105910A (en) * | 1981-09-11 | 1983-03-30 | Siemens Ag | A contact member for vacuum isolating switches |
| EP0099066A1 (de) * | 1982-07-16 | 1984-01-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Verbundwerkstoffes aus Chrom und Kupfer |
| DE3541584A1 (de) * | 1985-11-25 | 1987-05-27 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von metall-verbund-werkstoffen sowie damit hergestellte kontaktstuecke fuer elektrische schaltgeraete |
| DE3842919A1 (de) * | 1988-12-21 | 1990-07-05 | Calor Emag Elektrizitaets Ag | Schaltstueck fuer einen vakuumschalter und verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen schaltstuecks oder eines entsprechend beschaffenen bauteils |
| WO1991009409A1 (de) * | 1989-12-15 | 1991-06-27 | Calor Emag Elektrizitäts-Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung eines oberflächenbeschichteten bauteils, insbesondere eines kontaktstücks für einen vakuumschalter, und vorrichtung zur durchführung dieses verfahrens |
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| US2200088A (en) * | 1938-09-14 | 1940-05-07 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Electrical contact member |
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| US2671955A (en) * | 1950-12-14 | 1954-03-16 | Mallory & Co Inc P R | Composite metal-ceramic body and method of making the same |
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| DE1458477B2 (de) * | 1964-05-15 | 1973-05-10 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin u. 8000 München | Verfahren zur herstellung eines durchdringungsverbundmetalls mit schichtweise verschiedener zusammensetzung fuer hochbelastbare elektrische kontakte |
| US3307924A (en) * | 1965-06-30 | 1967-03-07 | Glidden Co | Copper infiltrating composition for porous ferruginous material |
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| US5017334A (en) * | 1987-07-15 | 1991-05-21 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Process for preparing self-supporting bodies and products produced thereby |
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-
1995
- 1995-10-10 DE DE19537657A patent/DE19537657A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-10-02 DE DE59607681T patent/DE59607681D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-02 WO PCT/EP1996/004294 patent/WO1997014163A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1996-10-02 EP EP96933439A patent/EP0796500B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-02 JP JP51468397A patent/JP3652706B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-02 CN CN96191198A patent/CN1070635C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-06-10 US US08/872,219 patent/US6010659A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2536153A1 (de) * | 1975-08-13 | 1977-02-17 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum herstellen mehrschichtiger kontaktstuecke fuer vakuummitelspannungsleistungsschalter |
| DE3107688A1 (de) * | 1981-02-28 | 1982-09-16 | Calor-Emag Elektrizitäts-Aktiengesellschaft, 4030 Ratingen | Schaltkontakt |
| GB2105910A (en) * | 1981-09-11 | 1983-03-30 | Siemens Ag | A contact member for vacuum isolating switches |
| EP0099066A1 (de) * | 1982-07-16 | 1984-01-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Verbundwerkstoffes aus Chrom und Kupfer |
| DE3541584A1 (de) * | 1985-11-25 | 1987-05-27 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von metall-verbund-werkstoffen sowie damit hergestellte kontaktstuecke fuer elektrische schaltgeraete |
| DE3842919A1 (de) * | 1988-12-21 | 1990-07-05 | Calor Emag Elektrizitaets Ag | Schaltstueck fuer einen vakuumschalter und verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen schaltstuecks oder eines entsprechend beschaffenen bauteils |
| WO1991009409A1 (de) * | 1989-12-15 | 1991-06-27 | Calor Emag Elektrizitäts-Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung eines oberflächenbeschichteten bauteils, insbesondere eines kontaktstücks für einen vakuumschalter, und vorrichtung zur durchführung dieses verfahrens |
| EP0458922A1 (de) * | 1989-12-15 | 1991-12-04 | Calor Emag Elektrizitaets Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung eines oberflächenbeschichteten bauteils, insbesondere eines kontaktstücks für einen vakuumschalter, und vorrichtung zur durchführung dieses verfahrens. |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1096322C (zh) * | 1998-03-23 | 2002-12-18 | 西安理工大学 | 铜钨——铬铜整体触头立式烧结方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19537657A1 (de) | 1997-04-17 |
| EP0796500A1 (de) | 1997-09-24 |
| CN1070635C (zh) | 2001-09-05 |
| US6010659A (en) | 2000-01-04 |
| DE59607681D1 (de) | 2001-10-18 |
| CN1166231A (zh) | 1997-11-26 |
| JPH11501766A (ja) | 1999-02-09 |
| JP3652706B2 (ja) | 2005-05-25 |
| EP0796500B1 (de) | 2001-09-12 |
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