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WO1997012242A1 - Bande reactive chimique a lecture directe pour solutions aqueuses - Google Patents

Bande reactive chimique a lecture directe pour solutions aqueuses Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997012242A1
WO1997012242A1 PCT/US1996/015473 US9615473W WO9712242A1 WO 1997012242 A1 WO1997012242 A1 WO 1997012242A1 US 9615473 W US9615473 W US 9615473W WO 9712242 A1 WO9712242 A1 WO 9712242A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
assay
test strip
dye
assay area
analyte
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1996/015473
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English (en)
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WO1997012242A9 (fr
Inventor
Joel S. Douglas
Karen R. Drexler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercury Diagnostics Inc
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Mercury Diagnostics Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mercury Diagnostics Inc filed Critical Mercury Diagnostics Inc
Priority to AU73747/96A priority Critical patent/AU7374796A/en
Publication of WO1997012242A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997012242A1/fr
Publication of WO1997012242A9 publication Critical patent/WO1997012242A9/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/52—Use of compounds or compositions for colorimetric, spectrophotometric or fluorometric investigation, e.g. use of reagent paper and including single- and multilayer analytical elements
    • G01N33/521—Single-layer analytical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
    • G01N31/22—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using chemical indicators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a test strip for determining the concentration of analytes in aqueous solutions, and more particularly to a test strip having a plurality of test zones separated from each other by hydrophobic barriers.
  • the current nonautomated colorimetric testing devices are either aqueous titrations or test strips comprised of dry reagents impregnated on a bibulous (porous) matrix.
  • the samples are either collected and placed in a vial for titration, or the dry reagent test strip is immersed in the sample and read.
  • the tests are inte ⁇ reted by visually matching the color change against a chart or set of standards.
  • Rupe et al. in U.S. Pat. No. 4,092,115, disclose a basic test strip which uses an indicator comprised of an azine compound to measure free available chlorine.
  • the device described is an analog colorimetric test where the resulting indicator changes from yellow to violet.
  • the support layer 14 is comprised of a rigid chemically inert material such as a polystyrene strip having a thickness "t" of approximately 10 mil.
  • the support layer 14 also has a front side 30 and a back side 34.
  • the assay areas 18 are comprised of a hydrophilic material 35, such as cellulose paper.
  • the assay areas 18 have a thickness "a" which extends from the adhesive layer 26 to an upper surface 36.
  • bibulous (absorbent) filter paper such as Ahlstrom Quantitative paper number 222, is used as the hydrophilic material 35 that forms the assay areas 18.
  • the front side 30 includes a first assay area 38, a second assay area 42, a third assay area 46 and a fourth assay area 50.
  • Each assay area 18 is impregnated with a chemical mixture that is selected based on the particular assay being performed. Generally, the chemical mixture is applied to the assay area 18 in liquid form. The assay area 18 is then allowed to dry, leaving the chemical mixture absorbed in the pores of the hydrophilic material 35.
  • the chemical mixture can be any type of chemical system capable of detecting analytes in aqueous solutions, such as chemical systems for detecting chlorine, bromine, hydrogen ion (pH), hydroxyl ion (alkalinity), copper, lead, nitrate and various substances, like calcium and magnesium, that contribute to water hardness.
  • all of the assay areas on one side of the test strip 10 contain chemical mixtures selected to detect the same analyte.
  • all of the assay areas 38, 42, 46 and 50 may contain chemicals that detect free available chlorine.
  • the specific composition of the chemical mixture on a particular assay area 18 differs in some way from the chemical mixture on every other assay area 18.
  • the chemical mixture on the assay area 38 may differ from the chemical mixture on the assay area 42 in the concentration of a particular component.
  • the chemical mixture on the assay area 38 may contain completely different chemicals from assay area to change color.
  • Each assay area has a specific reagent impregnated in the bibulous matrix which changes color at a different concentration of analyte.
  • the results of the test are determined by identifying the number of assay areas that have converted as indicated by the color change.
  • the test reagents are formulated to achieve the plurality of assay areas having these characteristics. Inte ⁇ retation of the test strip may be facilitated by printing information on the assay areas, such as analyte concentration, which is more visible after the color change than before the color change.
  • the hydrophobic barriers provide a means of segregating and isolating the sample and chemicals applied to the assay areas so as to minimize cross contamination of samples and chemicals applied in each assay area. This segregation enables the performance of a series of titrations based on constant volume of sample size versus constant volume of indicating reagent. This volumetric relationship is based on the uniform abso ⁇ tion capability of the matrix.
  • the indicating reagent is formulated so that the appropriate amount of indicator remains after the drying phase of manufacturing.
  • FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a test strip according to the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the test strip taken along the line 2-2 in Fig. 1 ;
  • Fig. 3 is an isometric view of the test strip shown in Fig. 1 after development of the test strip;
  • Fig. 4 is a top view of an undeveloped test strip having information printed on the test strip.
  • Fig. 5 is a top view of the test strip shown in Fig. 4 after development of the test strip.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a chemical test strip 10 according to the present invention.
  • the test strip 10 is comprised of a support layer 14, a plurality of assay areas 18 and a plurality of hydrophobic zones 22.
  • the assay areas 18 are - 6 - hydrophobic material 64 fills the voids in the paper layer 65 so that each channel 63 is essentially an impervious barrier to the flow of aqueous solutions between adjacent assay areas 18.
  • an ethylvinylacetate glue such as a 70:30 mixture of commercially available Elmer's ® Glue- All glue (available from Borden, Inc.) and water is used as the hydrophobic material 64.
  • the hydrophobic material 64 must be compatible with the overall assay system.
  • ethylvinylacetate works in a chlorine/bromine assay.
  • materials such as acrylic latex, silicone, wax, parafin or ethylcellulose could function as the hydrophobic material 64.
  • an empty channel between each of the assay areas 18 could function as the hydrophobic zone 22, as could a physical barrier such as a monofilament positioned between adjacent assay areas 18.
  • the adhesive layer 26 is positioned between the support layer 14 and the assay areas 18 and has a thickness "b".
  • the function of the adhesive layer 26 is to firmly attach the assay areas 18 to the support layer 14. Desirable characteristics of the adhesive layer 26 include high initial tackiness (stickiness); remaining tacky in the presence of aqueous solution; and low free radical content to avoid interference with the assay.
  • the adhesive layer 26 is commercially available double sided medical grade tape, such as that manufactured by the 3M Company under the part number 415.
  • test strip 10 is used in the following manner: the test strip 10 is held by the handle 28 and dipped into an aqueous test solution containing the analyte. This wets the test strip with the test solution and initiates the assay. After an assay dependent amount of time (generally 1-10 seconds), the test strip 10 is withdrawn from the test solution. Each of the assay areas 18 have been formulated to undergo a physical change, such as a color change, in a certain concentration range of the analyte.
  • the assay area 38 has been formulated to undergo the physical change in a lower concentration range than the assay area 42; the assay area 42 undergoes the physical change in a lower concentration range than the assay area 46; and the assay area 46 undergoes the the chemical mixture on the assay area 50, even though both assay areas detect the same analyte (i.e. free available chlorine).
  • the back side 34 includes a fifth assay area 54, a sixth assay area 58 and a seventh assay area 62.
  • the assay areas on the back side 34 will contain chemicals selected to perform a different assay than is performed by the assay areas on the front side 30.
  • the assay areas 54, 58 and 62 may all contain chemicals that detect available bromine.
  • the specific composition of the chemical mixture on a particular assay area 18 located on the back side 34 differs in some way from the chemical mixture on every other assay area 18 located on the back side 34.
  • the hydrophobic zones 22 are barriers that minimize the migration of aqueous solutions between adjacent assay areas 18.
  • the hydrophobic zones 22 have a thickness "d" that extends from the adhesive layer 26 up to the top surface of the hydrophobic zone 22.
  • each hydrophobic zone 22 comprises a channel (lane) 63 positioned between adjacent assay areas 18, such as between the assay areas 46 and 50.
  • the channel 63 is filled (or coated) with a hydrophobic material 64, such as a hydrophobic glue or a hydrophobic polymer.
  • a compressed paper layer 65 forms the bottom of the channel 63 and separates the adhesive layer 26 from most of the hydrophobic material 64.
  • the channel 63 is roughly trapezoidal in shape and the top edge is indented slightly from the surface 36.
  • the thickness "d” equals the thickness "a” along the interface of the hydrophobic zones 22 with the assay areas 18, and the thickness "d” is slightly less than the thickness "a” in the middle of one of the hydrophobic zones 22.
  • the hydrophobic zones 22 are formed by embossing a plurality of the channels 63 into a continuous rectangular shaped piece of the hydrophilic material 35.
  • the embossing process compresses the hydrophilic material 35 in the channel 63, thereby forming the paper layer 65.
  • Each channel 63 is then filled with the hydrophobic material 64.
  • the numerals represent the parts per million level (ppm) of free available chlorine in the test solution.
  • the numerals 70 can be changed during the manufacturing of the test strips 10, depending on the design of the assay being conducted. What is important about the numerals 70 is the material from which they are formed.
  • the inside area of each numeral 70 is covered with a hydrophobic material 74.
  • the area covered by the hydrophobic material 74 does not undergo a chemical reaction when the test strip 10 is dipped in the test solution.
  • the color of the hydrophobic material 74 is chosen to match the color of the particular assay area 18 on which a particular numeral 70 is located.
  • the hydrophobic material 74 used on the assay area 38 would be white (i.e. the color of the assay area 38 in the presence of unreacted dye).
  • the hydrophobic material 74 remains white.
  • the numeral " 1 " will be visible on the assay area 38 as a white numeral highlighted by a blue background.
  • the specific color scheme used on the test strip 10 e.g. blue and white
  • the developed assay area contrast with the hydrophobic material 74, thereby allowing a reacted assay area 18 to be readily identified.
  • the numeral 70 should be less discernable in the unreacted state (perhaps nondiscernable), and very discernable after the particular assay area 18 has reacted.
  • the hydrophobic material 74 is the same material as is used for the hydrophobic zones 22 (i.e. ethylvinylacetate). For example, Fig.
  • the following examples are illustrative of the present invention.
  • the assay area 18 which measures the lowest concentration of analyte i.e. assay area 38
  • the handle 28 is positioned farthest away from the handle 28 so as to avoid contamination of the higher concentration assay areas when the test strip is removed from the test solution.
  • the test strip 10 is read as soon as it is removed from the test solution, although prescribed amounts of time for development of the test strip 10 could be required in some assays. Reading of the test strip 10 is simplified because of the individually formulated assay areas 18. If only one of the assay areas 18 has undergone the physical change, for example the assay area 38, then the analyte concentration is very low. If several of the assay areas 18 have undergone the physical change, for example the assay areas 38, 42 and 46, then the analyte concentration is at a medium level.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates the situation where the assay areas 38, 42 and 54 have undergone a physical change (i.e. have changed color) relative to Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates the situation where the assay areas 38, 42 and 54 have undergone a physical change (i.e. have changed color) relative to Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates the situation where the assay areas 38, 42 and 54 have undergone a physical change (i.e. have changed color)
  • Fig. 4 illustrates an embodiment of the test strip 10 in which printed characters have been applied to various parts of the test strip 10.
  • a plurality of numerals 70 have been printed on the assay areas 18. More specifically, the numeral "1" has been printed on the first assay area 38; the numeral "3” has been printed on the second assay area 42; the numeral “6” has been printed on the third assay area 46; and the numeral "9” has been printed on the fourth assay area 50.
  • chlorine has been printed on the handle 28 to identify the type of assay, and the terms “Lo” and “Hi” have been printed at positions on the test strip 10 that indicate the direction in which the assay proceeds.
  • the numerals 1, 3, 6 and 9 are chosen to indicate the concentration of the analyte in a particular test that the assay area has been formulated to detect. - 10 - adjusted so that the dyes change from a light yellow color to pu ⁇ le in the range of 3 to 3.5 ppm of free available chlorine.
  • the chemicals mixture on the assay area 50 is the same as on the assay area 46 except that the concentration of sodium thiosulfate is adjusted so that the dyes change from a light yellow color to pu ⁇ le at a higher level than on assay area 46, such as in the range of 5 to 5.5 ppm of free available chlorine.
  • Example 2
  • the assay areas 18 on the back side 34 are designed to measure bromine ion concentration.
  • the chemical mixture on the assay area 54 is a mixture of sodium iodide (or potassium iodide), potato starch and dextran [(C 6 H j 0 O 5 ) n ], buffered to pH 4.0 with 0.10 molar citric acid.
  • the dextran is used to fix the dyes so that they are less soluble in water.
  • Dextran has been selected due to its similar structure to the starch.
  • An antioxidant such as sodium thiosulfate, is added to compete with the iodide for bromine. The antioxidant is added in sufficient quantity to cause the reagent to transform from colorless to yellow.
  • the yellow iodide transforms into a blue color when reacted with the starch.
  • the assay area 54 is designed to change color at approximately one ppm of bromine which is found as Br 2 O 2 or equivalent HOBr.
  • a similar dye system is described by Vogel in Textbook of Quantitative Chemical Analysis (5th ed.), pages 384 - 416.
  • the chemical mixture on the assay area 58 is the same as on the assay area 54 except the concentration of antioxidant is adjusted so that the dye changes from colorless to blue in the second desired range.
  • the assay area 58 is designed to change color at about 3.5 ppm of bromine.
  • the chemical mixture on the assay area 62 is the same as on the assay area 58 except that the concentration of antioxidant is adjusted so that the dye changes from colorless to blue in the third desired range.
  • the assay area 62 is designed to change color at about 5.5 ppm of bromine.
  • the assay areas 18 on the front side 30 are designed to measure the free available chlorine concentration in an aqueous sample such as pool or hot tub water.
  • Free available chlorine means chlorine in an aqueous solution as hypochlorous acid (HOC1) , hypochlorite ion or, in strong acid solutions, as free chlorine.
  • the composition of the chemicals mixtures on the assay areas 38, 42, 46 and 50 are formulated to indicate very low, low, medium and high available chlorine levels.
  • the chemicals mixture on the assay area 38 contains 3, 5, 3', 5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) at a pH of 4.0 with a buffer concentration 0.10 molar citric acid. This buffer is used to keep the TMB at a pH of 4.0.
  • TMB 3, 5, 3', 5'-tetramethylbenzidine
  • the reagent transforms from colorless to blue in the low range of approximately 0.5 ppm of free available chlorine.
  • the article Horseradish Peroxidase-Catalyzed Oxidation of 3, 5, 3', 5' Tetramethybenzidine, 77 ⁇ e Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 257, No.7, pp. 3669-3675 (April 10, 1982), describes the chemistry involved.
  • the chemicals mixture on the assay area 42 contains the dye syringaldazine.
  • Rupe et al. describe the use of two dyes, vanillin azine and syringaldazine in phosphate buffer. In the present invention, it has been determined that the system performs better using only syringaldazine, as opposed to the two dye system described by Rupe et al.
  • the dye is mixed in a solvent mixture of denatured ethanol and acetonitrile. A 0.10 molar maleic acid solution at pH 6.0 is added to the solvent mixture to obtain a pH of 6.0.
  • the dye is more stable at this pH and the maleic acid makes the dye more stable and results in less color fading than the phosphate buffer described by Rupe et al.
  • the dye changes from a light yellow color to pu ⁇ le in the range of 1.5 to 2.0 ppm of free available chlorine.
  • the chemicals mixture on the assay area 46 is the same as on the assay area 42 except that sodium thiosulfate (Na 2 S 2 O 3 ) is added to the dye mixture.
  • the sodium thiosulfate is an antioxidant that preferentially competes with the dyes for the free available chlorine.
  • the concentration of sodium thiosulfate is - 12 -
  • the characteristics of the paper/matrix abso ⁇ tion must be consistent and reproducible.
  • the total volume of the matrix less the cellulose/matrix material is known as the void volume (Vy).
  • the volume occupied by the test reagent is known as the volume of reagent CVR).
  • the remaining volume is the sample volume (Vg) or titration volume (V ⁇ ).
  • each of the assay areas 18 are rehydrated. If the concentration of the analyte in the titration volume is less than the concentration of the titrant in the volume of reagent, then the dye in the assay area 18 does not change color. On the other hand, if the concentration of the analyte in the titration volume is greater than the concentration of the titrant in the volume of reagent, then the dye in the assay area 18 changes color. If one of the numerals 70 has been printed on the assay area 18, then the contrast between the developed assay area 18 and the undeveloped numeral 70 is readily apparent. The test strip is read by looking for the developed assay area 18 corresponding to the highest concentration of analyte. This will generally be the developed assay area 18 closest to the handle 28.
  • test strip 10 In order for the test strip 10 to function properly, the test strip 10 should not be immersed in the test solution for more than the prescribed interval (generally 1-10 seconds). A much longer immersion time will allow the void volume to be continuously replenished by additional analyte, thereby yielding an incorrect reading. Proper functioning of the test strip 10 requires that the test strip 10 be thoroughly wetted with the test solution and then allowed to develop without further exposure to the test solution.
  • the pu ⁇ ose of the hydrophobic zones 22 is to provide a barrier that prevents test solution that has been absorbed by one of the assay areas 18 to migrate to another assay area 18. Such migration would contaminate the adjoining titrations.
  • the test strip 10 could be comprised of a single assay Examples one and two illustrate that the chemistries for creating the binary results are formulated from various dye systems, which react at specific ranges, or by adding antioxidants to the solution which react with the analyte and delays the dye color change.
  • a dye which is consumed by the reaction can be used as an indicator.
  • This third system would create a product which converts from colored to clear as the assay area dye is consumed by the reaction. In all cases, the color change (known as thresholding) occurs when the dye (indicator) is consumed or bonded by the analyte.
  • Table 1 illustrates three possible formulations for the chemical mixtures applied to the assay areas 18.
  • the assay areas 18 are comprised of a hydrophilic material, such as cellulose paper, that provides a bibulous matrix of support material.
  • the bibulous matrix includes a plurality of pores (spaces) that provide the volume to be occupied by the test reagent (i.e. the dye or dye system that is applied to the assay areas 18), and subsequently the test solution (i.e. the aqueous sample that contains the analyte) to form a microtitration.
  • the test reagent i.e. the dye or dye system that is applied to the assay areas 18
  • the test solution i.e. the aqueous sample that contains the analyte
  • a chemical test strip comprising: a support layer; a first assay area attached to a first side of the support layer and comprising a first test reagent responsive to a first concentration of a first analyte; a second assay area attached to the first side of the support layer and comprising a second test reagent responsive to a second concentration of the first analyte; and a first hydrophobic zone positioned between the first assay area and the second assay area.
  • test strip of claim 1 wherein the first assay area is comprised of a material that provides a volumetric region that will support microtitration.
  • test strip of claim 1 wherein the first assay area is comprised of a bibulous matrix having a sufficient void volume to support microtitration.
  • test strip of claim 1 wherein the first hydrophobic zone comprises a lane coated with a hydrophobic material.
  • test strip of claim 4 wherein the hydrophobic material is selected from the group consisting of ethylvinylacetate, acrylic latex, silicone, wax, parafin and ethylcellulose.
  • test strip of claim 1 wherein the first test reagent comprises a first dye that changes color when reacted with the first analyte, and the second test reagent comprises a second dye that changes color when reacted with the first analyte.
  • area 18 on the front side 30 and a single assay area 18 on the back side 34 for example, the test strip 10 could simply comprise the assay areas 50 and 62 so as to provide a "high" test for chlorine and bromine.

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Abstract

Cette invention concerne une bande réactive chimique comprenant une couche de support, une première zone de dosage, une seconde zone de dosage, ainsi qu'une zone hydrophobe située entre les première et seconde zones de dosage. Ces première et seconde zones sont fixées à la couche de support et comportent une matrice absorbante. La première zone de dosage possède un premier réactif d'essai absorbé dans la matrice, qui change de couleur par réaction à une première concentration d'un analyte, tel que du chlore libre. La seconde zone de dosage comprend un second réactif d'essai absorbé dans la matrice, qui change de couleur par réaction avec une seconde concentration de l'analyte. L'interprétation de la bande réactive peut être facilitée par l'impression d'informations sur les zones de dosage, informations dont la visibilité s'accroît au fur et à mesure que la couleur change.
PCT/US1996/015473 1995-09-27 1996-09-25 Bande reactive chimique a lecture directe pour solutions aqueuses Ceased WO1997012242A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU73747/96A AU7374796A (en) 1995-09-27 1996-09-25 Direct reading chemical test strip for aqueous solutions

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US53462395A 1995-09-27 1995-09-27
US08/534,623 1995-09-27

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WO1997012242A1 true WO1997012242A1 (fr) 1997-04-03
WO1997012242A9 WO1997012242A9 (fr) 1997-07-10

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Cited By (18)

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WO1998036278A1 (fr) * 1997-02-15 1998-08-20 Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Inc. Essai d'anticorps par immunocapture en plusieurs sites et necessaire correspondant
WO1998045406A1 (fr) * 1997-04-09 1998-10-15 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Procede et dispositifs pour diviser des liquides d'echantillons biologiques en microvolumes
WO1999004257A1 (fr) * 1997-07-21 1999-01-28 Environmental Test Systems, Inc. Procede, composition et dispositif de dosage d'halogenes libres dans des fluides aqueux
WO1999032883A3 (fr) * 1997-12-19 1999-09-10 Mercury Diagnostics Inc Systeme de bande d'essai gaufree
GB2339904A (en) * 1998-07-24 2000-02-09 Fsm Technologies Ltd Membrane carrying assay areas
US6174699B1 (en) 1999-03-09 2001-01-16 3M Innovative Properties Company Disc assay device with inoculation pad and methods of use
US6391578B2 (en) 1997-04-09 2002-05-21 3M Innovative Properties Company Method and devices for partitioning biological sample liquids into microvolumes
US6696286B1 (en) 1997-04-09 2004-02-24 3M Innovative Properties Company Method and devices for detecting and enumerating microorganisms
US7037277B1 (en) 1998-07-21 2006-05-02 Spectrx, Inc. System and method for fluid management in a continuous fluid collection and sensor device
US7384396B2 (en) 1998-07-21 2008-06-10 Spectrx Inc. System and method for continuous analyte monitoring
WO2010136595A1 (fr) * 2009-05-28 2010-12-02 Pacific Industrie Réactif chimique pour la mesure du taux d'agents halogènes notamment dans des eaux de piscine ainsi qu'un procédé de mesure associé
US8047589B1 (en) * 2008-07-14 2011-11-01 Trainor Paul J Apparatus for maintaining filtered swimming pools and spas
US20140045202A1 (en) * 2012-08-08 2014-02-13 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Analyte Sensors and Methods for Making and Using the Same
US9017543B2 (en) 2001-11-16 2015-04-28 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Method for determining the concentration of an analyte in a liquid sample using small volume samples and fast test times
US9017544B2 (en) 2002-10-04 2015-04-28 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Determining blood glucose in a small volume sample receiving cavity and in a short time period
WO2016036301A1 (fr) * 2014-09-01 2016-03-10 Ridgeview Instruments Ab Support solide pour une détection améliorée de l'interaction entre des espèces
EP3371576A1 (fr) * 2015-11-02 2018-09-12 Jon A. Petty Bandelette de test multifluide
WO2021037887A1 (fr) * 2019-08-29 2021-03-04 Merck Patent Gmbh Procédé et dispositif de détection et de mesure de paramètres d'oxydo-réduction comme le chlore libre

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JPS6425042A (en) * 1987-07-21 1989-01-27 Tatsuta Densen Kk Method for measuring residual chlorine in drained water
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US3964871A (en) * 1974-12-18 1976-06-22 Becton, Dickinson And Company Method and device for detecting glucose
WO1982002251A1 (fr) * 1980-12-19 1982-07-08 Mining & Mfg Minnesota Procede et article de determination de la concentration d'acide libre dans un liquide
JPS63151852A (ja) * 1986-12-17 1988-06-24 Tosoh Corp 塩素共存液中の臭素の分析方法
JPS6425042A (en) * 1987-07-21 1989-01-27 Tatsuta Densen Kk Method for measuring residual chlorine in drained water
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WO1999032883A3 (fr) * 1997-12-19 1999-09-10 Mercury Diagnostics Inc Systeme de bande d'essai gaufree
US7037277B1 (en) 1998-07-21 2006-05-02 Spectrx, Inc. System and method for fluid management in a continuous fluid collection and sensor device
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US6174699B1 (en) 1999-03-09 2001-01-16 3M Innovative Properties Company Disc assay device with inoculation pad and methods of use
US6291202B1 (en) 1999-03-09 2001-09-18 3M Innovative Properties Company Disc assay device with inoculation pad and methods of use
US10386322B2 (en) 2001-11-16 2019-08-20 Roche Diabetes Care, Inc. Method for determining the concentration of an analyte in a liquid sample using small volume samples and fast test times
US9017543B2 (en) 2001-11-16 2015-04-28 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Method for determining the concentration of an analyte in a liquid sample using small volume samples and fast test times
US9658183B2 (en) 2001-11-16 2017-05-23 Roche Diabetes Care, Inc. Method for determining the concentration of an analyte in a liquid sample using small volume samples and fast test times
US9017544B2 (en) 2002-10-04 2015-04-28 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Determining blood glucose in a small volume sample receiving cavity and in a short time period
US9638658B2 (en) 2002-10-04 2017-05-02 Roche Diabetes Care, Inc. Determining blood glucose in a small volume sample receiving cavity and in a short time period
US10408784B2 (en) 2002-10-04 2019-09-10 Roche Diabetes Care, Inc. Determining blood glucose in a small volume sample receiving cavity and in a short time period
US8047589B1 (en) * 2008-07-14 2011-11-01 Trainor Paul J Apparatus for maintaining filtered swimming pools and spas
WO2010136595A1 (fr) * 2009-05-28 2010-12-02 Pacific Industrie Réactif chimique pour la mesure du taux d'agents halogènes notamment dans des eaux de piscine ainsi qu'un procédé de mesure associé
FR2946146A1 (fr) * 2009-05-28 2010-12-03 Pacific Ind Reactif chimique pour la mesure du taux d'agents halogenes notamment dans des eaux de piscine ainsi qu'un procede de mesure associe
AU2010252936B2 (en) * 2009-05-28 2013-04-04 Pacific Industrie Chemical reagent for measuring the level of halogen agents, in particular in swimming-pool water and associated measurement method
US20140045202A1 (en) * 2012-08-08 2014-02-13 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Analyte Sensors and Methods for Making and Using the Same
WO2016036301A1 (fr) * 2014-09-01 2016-03-10 Ridgeview Instruments Ab Support solide pour une détection améliorée de l'interaction entre des espèces
EP3189330A4 (fr) * 2014-09-01 2018-03-28 Ridgeview Instruments AB Support solide pour une détection améliorée de l'interaction entre des espèces
EP3371576A1 (fr) * 2015-11-02 2018-09-12 Jon A. Petty Bandelette de test multifluide
WO2021037887A1 (fr) * 2019-08-29 2021-03-04 Merck Patent Gmbh Procédé et dispositif de détection et de mesure de paramètres d'oxydo-réduction comme le chlore libre

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