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WO1997007060A1 - Procede de traitement d'eau - Google Patents

Procede de traitement d'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997007060A1
WO1997007060A1 PCT/GB1996/001940 GB9601940W WO9707060A1 WO 1997007060 A1 WO1997007060 A1 WO 1997007060A1 GB 9601940 W GB9601940 W GB 9601940W WO 9707060 A1 WO9707060 A1 WO 9707060A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
biocidal
heat exchanger
cell
passed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB1996/001940
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Emlyn Gantert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KEM-FREE TECHNOLOGY Ltd
Original Assignee
KEM-FREE TECHNOLOGY Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KEM-FREE TECHNOLOGY Ltd filed Critical KEM-FREE TECHNOLOGY Ltd
Priority to AU67064/96A priority Critical patent/AU6706496A/en
Publication of WO1997007060A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997007060A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/48—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/4606—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods for producing oligodynamic substances to disinfect the water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/02—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
    • C02F2103/023—Water in cooling circuits
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/22—Eliminating or preventing deposits, scale removal, scale prevention

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved method of treating water to eliminate undesired solutes and bioforms, and particularly to the treatment of cooling water.
  • the cooling of a great many devices involves transfer of heat from the device to a flow of water which is later cooled by a contraflowing stream of air. Cooling of the water often takes place in a so-called cooling tower in which the hot water from the device is sprayed or allowed to cascade in a manner that increases its surface area while it falls under the action of gravity into a sump. Cooling takes place through heat exchange with the contraflowing air and by evaporation. The cooled water that accumulates in the sump is subsequently re-used and pumped back into the device to be cooled. In factories and offices the ambient air is often maintained at a substantially constant temperature and humidity by a process called 'air conditioning'.
  • a further problem that occurs when treating cooling water is the build-up of solid residues on the interior surfaces of pipes, valves and other water carrying parts of the system.
  • the solids arise from precipitation of insoluble calcium and magnesium compounds which were present initially as soluble salts. Removal of these salts prior to use by ion exchange processes is expensive and increases the total volume of water consumed by the system due to the water used in the regeneration of the ion exchange medium.
  • the present invention provides a system for treating water which eliminates undesired solutes and bioforms without the use of chemical additives for either purpose and substantially eliminates the build up of solid residues in the system.
  • a method of treating water supplied to an evaporative cooler comprising subjecting the water to water conditioning treatment by the application of an electromagnetic radiat ⁇ ion field, passing the water through a heat exchanger in which it extracts thermal energy from the heat exchanger or fluid passing through it, passing the water to a first dispersion means whereby the water is formed into small droplets which fall under the action of gravity directly or through one or more baffles to a collection reservoir where the suspended solids are able to settle under the influence of gravity to a sump, returning the supernatant water from the reservoir to the water heat exchanger and passing the sump contents to a series of filters and through an electrolytic biocidal cell to a second dispersion means whereby the water is formed into small droplets which fall under the action of gravity directly or through one or more baffles to the collection reservoir.
  • the water conditioner is preferably one using an electromagnetic field in the radio frequency band.
  • the power may be varied in accordance with the rate of flow of the water being treated; such water conditioners are described in GB-A-2 246 725 or WO-A-92 00916.
  • the effect of such conditioners is to change certain salts in solution as ions in the water flowing through the conditioner field into colloidal suspensions. It is possible for the suspensions to re-dissolve however by careful manipulation of the conditioned water the suspended particles can be caused to agglomerate and precipitate. In the process of the present invention the solid suspended particles are removed by filtration prior to recirculation of the treated cooling water.
  • the water After the water has been conditioned it is passed through a heat exchanger in which the thermal energy from a hot fluid pas ⁇ ing through the heat exchanger is trans ⁇ ferred to the cooling water passing through it.
  • a heat exchanger in which the thermal energy from a hot fluid pas ⁇ ing through the heat exchanger is trans ⁇ ferred to the cooling water passing through it.
  • Such heat exchangers are well known and their design is dictated by the rate of flow of the two fluids, the contact surface area and the thickness and composition of the material, normally a metal or alloy, from which the exchanger is constructed.
  • the heated water leaving the heat exchanger is passed to a fir ⁇ t dispersion means whereby the water is formed into small droplets by spray jets or passage through a perforated pipe.
  • the droplets of heated water fall under the action of gravity directly or through one or more baffles to a collection reservoir.
  • the droplets lose thermal energy by direct transfer to the air and by partial evaporation.
  • the structure in which the droplets fall is formed with an outer shell which entraps the air entering at the lower end so that it rises at ever increasing velocity within a venturi.
  • Such cooling systems are well known and emit a mixture of heated air and water vapour at their upper end giving rise to visible vapour clouds when cooled by the external air.
  • the structure ⁇ are often referred to as 'cooling towers'.
  • the solids suspended Due to the evaporative lo ⁇ ses the solids suspended are concentrated and able to settle, without re-solution, in a sump located at the lower end of a cooling tower.
  • the supernatant water above the sump is passed through a series of filters and through an electrolytic biocidal cell before reuse by pumping to a second disper ⁇ ion mean ⁇ .
  • the water In the second dispersion means the water is formed into small droplets as described previously and allowed to fall as previously described through one or more baffles to the collection reservoir.
  • the first filter into which the supernatant water is passed has a coarse structure to remove debris, such as insects, leaves, etc., picked up by the water droplets as they fall through the cooling tower.
  • This is followed by a second filter which remove ⁇ smaller particle ⁇ such a ⁇ aggregated solids released from ⁇ olution initially by the water conditioner.
  • Such filter systems are known and in u ⁇ e with ⁇ wimming pool cleaning ⁇ ystem ⁇ .
  • the filtered water After the filtered water leaves the filter system it enters an electrolytic biocidal cell in which biocidal metal ion ⁇ are released into the water.
  • Cells of thi ⁇ nature are known in which the electrode ⁇ are formed from an alloy compri ⁇ ing copper and ⁇ ilver; the ratio of the metals preferably lies in the range 90/10 to 70/30.
  • electrodes of different compositions may be used according to the history of the cooling water in the system.
  • By appropriate construction of the electrode system and control of the magnitude and polarity of the potential applied to the electrodes even wear can be achieved a ⁇ the metal ⁇ are relea ⁇ ed into the water passing through. It is possible to monitor the level of released ions downstream of the electrode system and ensure that the concentration is maintained at the desired level.
  • a self- compen ⁇ ating system providing a regular reversal of electr ⁇ ode polarity is preferred in which the electrodes are maintained at a preset con ⁇ tant potential.
  • Both copper and ⁇ ilver are toxic to mo ⁇ t bacteria and fungal species so that any such undesirable life forms picked up during the passage of the water through the cooling tower will be inactivated and, provided sufficient ion ⁇ are released into the ⁇ ystem, bacterial and fungal growth in the exposed areas of the cooling tower and within the fluid system will be prevented.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a water treatment system according to the invention.
  • FIG 2 is a cross- ⁇ ectional view of a biocidal electrode used in the system of Figure 1.
  • An evaporative cooling system incorporating the water treatment method of the present invention see Figure 1, consists of a heat exchanger l which is supplied with heated fluid, such as steam or refrigerant condensate, from a thermal engine, not shown.
  • heated fluid such as steam or refrigerant condensate
  • the heated fluid flows through tubes 2 in thermal contact with coolant water in a manifold 3.
  • the coolant water is supplied to the heat exchanger 1 from a reservoir 4 by means of a pump 5.
  • the pumped water passes through a pipe 6 which is fitted with a water conditioner 7.
  • a first dispersion means 8 consisting of a pipe 9 carrying a series of dispersion roses 11 placed at the top of an enclosed cooling tower 12.
  • the water leaves the roses 11 in the form of fine droplets which fall on a series of baffles 13 so as to increase the effective path through the cooling area.
  • the droplets accumulate in the reservoir 4.
  • the air that enters the lower end of the tower through apertures 14 is drawn upwards by means of a fan 15 located at the upper end of the tower.
  • a baffle 16 acts as a drift suppressor and prevents water droplets being sucked out of the cooling system.
  • the reservoir 4 is kept at a steady level by the addition of further water from a mains supply controlled by a float valve 17.
  • the lower portion of the reservoir 4 forms a sump 18 where a mixture of water and solids accumulate.
  • the residue in the sump 18 is sucked through a coarse filter 19 by means of a second pump 21.
  • the output of the pump 21 is directed into a sand filter 22 where the majority of solid particles are removed from the water passing through it.
  • the pump 21 and filter 22 are fitted with a control system, not shown, which causes an intermittent reversal of flow to prevent the filter 22 becoming clogged.
  • the effluent from the filter 22 flows through an electrolytic biocidal cell 23 which releases copper and silver ions into the water.
  • the water enters a second dispersion means 24 con ⁇ i ⁇ ting of a pipe 25 carrying a series of disper ⁇ ion roses 26 placed above the first dipersion mean ⁇ 8.
  • the water leaves the roses and pas ⁇ es through the cooling tower 12, in the manner previously described, and accumulate ⁇ in the reservoir 4.
  • any 'hardness' or dissolved metals, such as calcium and magnesium, from the mains supply water used to top up the reservoir 4 will be converted to a solid suspension before entering the heat exchanger 1 so that the build-up of scale deposits will be prevented.
  • a ⁇ the water i ⁇ re-cycled and after filtration any bioform ⁇ picked up from the air entering the cooling ⁇ y ⁇ tem or from other ⁇ ources are killed or rendered impotent by the copper and ⁇ ilver ion ⁇ from the electro ⁇ lytic cell 23.
  • a ⁇ ociated with the water treatment ⁇ ystem described will be control system ⁇ .
  • the water conditioner 7 will require a control system to alter the magnetic field in accordance with the turbulence of the water pas ⁇ ing through it if it is of the type de ⁇ cribed in EP-0 493 559.
  • the electrolytic cell require ⁇ a control ⁇ ystem to ensure the correct level of biocidal ions is maintained.
  • Further control systems are required to control the water flow and filtration in accordance with the thermal load placed on the cooling system. The design and operation of such systems is known and the control features may be conven ⁇ iently incorporated in a suitably programmed microprocessor controller.
  • the biocidal electrode comprises a pipe 31 having a constriction 32 which, in conjunction with a deflector plate 33, ensures that water flowing through the pipe circulates around the electrode ⁇ tructure 34.
  • the electrode structure is formed from a number of electrodes of an alloy in which the ratio of copper to silver i ⁇ 80 to 20.
  • the electrode ⁇ tructure i ⁇ held in a branch pipe 35 by mean ⁇ of a screw fitted plug 36 sealed with an 'O'ring 37.
  • the rear of the electrode 34 is attached to the plug 36 by means of bolts 38 which also act as terminals for connecting the nece ⁇ sary electrical supply to the electr- ode ⁇ .
  • the electrolytic sy ⁇ tem operate ⁇ the electrode ⁇ dissolve and must be replaced at infrequent interval ⁇ . Replacement is carried out simply by unscrewing the plug 36 and the bolts 38.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé de traitement, en plusieurs étapes successives, d'eau arrivant à un refroidisseur par évaporation. Ce procédé se décompose comme suit: (1) traitement de l'eau par un champ d'ondes électromagnétiques, de préférence comprises dans une bande de fréquence radioélectrique; (2) l'eau traitée passe dans un échangeur thermique; (3) l'eau passe par un premier dispositif de dispersion oú elle se transforme en petites gouttelettes qui tombent, directement du fait de la gravité ou à travers un ou plusieurs écrans, dans un collecteur, et les solides en suspension peuvent, du fait de la gravité, se fixer dans une citerne; (4) l'eau restant en surface est dirigée du collecteur à l'échangeur thermique; (5) le contenu de la citerne passe par une série de filtres et par une cellule électrolytique biocide, et parvient à un second dispositif de dispersion fonctionnant comme décrit ci-dessus.
PCT/GB1996/001940 1995-08-18 1996-08-09 Procede de traitement d'eau Ceased WO1997007060A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU67064/96A AU6706496A (en) 1995-08-18 1996-08-09 Water treatment method

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9516980.1 1995-08-18
GB9516980A GB2304338A (en) 1995-08-18 1995-08-18 Water treatment method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997007060A1 true WO1997007060A1 (fr) 1997-02-27

Family

ID=10779454

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1996/001940 Ceased WO1997007060A1 (fr) 1995-08-18 1996-08-09 Procede de traitement d'eau

Country Status (4)

Country Link
AU (1) AU6706496A (fr)
GB (1) GB2304338A (fr)
WO (1) WO1997007060A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA966970B (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001090001A1 (fr) * 2000-05-19 2001-11-29 Watermaid Pty. Ltd. Entretien d'une tour de refroidissement
AU2001252029B2 (en) * 2000-05-19 2004-09-23 Watermaid Pty. Ltd. Cooling tower maintenance
WO2024022853A3 (fr) * 2022-07-29 2024-08-15 Skirde Mark Oliver Dispositif et procédé de désinfection et d'épuration de l'air ambiant et de désinfection de surfaces

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001019736A1 (fr) * 1999-09-15 2001-03-22 Everclear Environmental Technologies Corporation Systeme de traitement d'eau pour systeme de chauffage, de ventilation et de climatisation
CN100501291C (zh) * 2006-01-18 2009-06-17 金兴才 闭式冷却塔
CN103411444A (zh) * 2013-07-31 2013-11-27 南京威安新材料科技有限公司 一种干式对流冷却塔

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992000916A1 (fr) * 1990-07-11 1992-01-23 Daniel Stefanini Dispositif de traitement d'eau

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992000916A1 (fr) * 1990-07-11 1992-01-23 Daniel Stefanini Dispositif de traitement d'eau
GB2246725A (en) * 1990-07-11 1992-02-12 Daniel Stefanini Electrical water conditioner

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001090001A1 (fr) * 2000-05-19 2001-11-29 Watermaid Pty. Ltd. Entretien d'une tour de refroidissement
AU2001252029B2 (en) * 2000-05-19 2004-09-23 Watermaid Pty. Ltd. Cooling tower maintenance
WO2024022853A3 (fr) * 2022-07-29 2024-08-15 Skirde Mark Oliver Dispositif et procédé de désinfection et d'épuration de l'air ambiant et de désinfection de surfaces

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA966970B (en) 1997-10-31
AU6706496A (en) 1997-03-12
GB2304338A (en) 1997-03-19
GB9516980D0 (en) 1995-10-18

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