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WO1997003912A1 - Systeme pour manoeuvrer une charge magnetique, notamment une charge ferromagnetique - Google Patents

Systeme pour manoeuvrer une charge magnetique, notamment une charge ferromagnetique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997003912A1
WO1997003912A1 PCT/EP1996/003206 EP9603206W WO9703912A1 WO 1997003912 A1 WO1997003912 A1 WO 1997003912A1 EP 9603206 W EP9603206 W EP 9603206W WO 9703912 A1 WO9703912 A1 WO 9703912A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetic
load
force
maneuvering
weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP1996/003206
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Frank Jurisch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Railfix NV
Original Assignee
Railfix NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Railfix NV filed Critical Railfix NV
Priority to AU67352/96A priority Critical patent/AU6735296A/en
Publication of WO1997003912A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997003912A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/02—Permanent magnets [PM]
    • H01F7/04—Means for releasing the attractive force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/04—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by magnetic means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1684—Armature position measurement using coils

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system for maneuvering a magnetic, in particular ferromagnetic, load consisting of a movable device, in particular which can be suspended on a crane device, for maneuvering the magnetic load with at least one pair of magnetic poles, the pole faces of which have at least one air gap with the magnetic load to form a magnetic load Are connected in a circle, and with at least one detection coil arranged in the region of the pole faces, which is followed by an evaluation device which contains an integrator such that from the measurement signal of the at least one detection coil the magnetic flux prevailing in the air gap and from it the one acting on the magnetic load Magnetic force is detectable.
  • a system of the type mentioned at the outset is known from the magazine "Stahl und Eisen 114 (1994) No. 9, pages 69-71".
  • This is a lifting magnet that can be used to transport standing or lying sheet metal coils weighing up to 50 t.
  • Such a lifting magnet is also used for the crane transport of blocks, slabs or billets and has the advantage of a large-area load attack and greater economy compared to transport with pliers or hooks.
  • the device for maneuvering the magnetic load consists of four poles movable about axes, which can adapt to the lying coil.
  • the magnetic flux is generated by electrical windings through which current flows and runs through the magnetic poles into the load. In the area of the pole faces there are measuring loops with which the magnetic flux is measured according to the induction principle and from which the magnetic holding force is calculated.
  • the evaluation device contains a comparator device by means of which the detected magnetic force is comparable to the weight of the magnetic load, that the evaluation device is followed by a display device by means of which the operator can see a common display of weight and magnetic force , and that the evaluation device is followed by deactivation means via which the device for maneuvering the magnetic load at a for the weight under consideration of a Safety factor insufficient holding force can be deactivated.
  • the invention is characterized in that the conditions of the system with regard to occupational safety are checked by the constant comparison between the measured magnetic holding force and the weight force of the load, taking into account the required safety factor, and that if the conditions are not met, the Maneuvering device is automatically deactivated. Before this happens, the operator immediately looks over when the magnetic force comes below the minimum force required to maneuver the load and can react accordingly. If the counter reaction takes place before the deactivation condition is reached, uninterrupted operation can be realized, for example by the operator increasing the excitation current for the electromagnetic winding and thus the holding force. Without further aids, it is thus excluded that the operator maneuvers an impermissibly high load. This is of considerable importance in practice, since the loads usually have different weights, but the magnet system must be set so that it works optimally.
  • the display device is preferably an analog pointer instrument which has a scale, in particular linearly divided, in units of measurement of the magnetic load to be maneuvered. This gives the operator a quantitative measure of how far the magnetic force available for lifting the load is above the safety threshold.
  • the deactivation means can be coupled to an optical and / or acoustic warning device, by means of which a warning signal can be issued if the holding force is insufficient for the weight under consideration of a safety factor.
  • a force measuring device that can be integrated into the suspension of the maneuvering device is provided as the measuring device, for example a force measuring device by means of strain gauges. If this additionally has means for compensating for the dead weight of the maneuvering device, the measurement accuracy is correspondingly high.
  • the maneuvering system according to the invention can be used for several types of magnet systems.
  • the magnet system can be designed as a conventional electromagnet system with windings through which current flows.
  • Permanent magnet system be formed, which results in an economical solution, since no excitation current is required when maneuvering.
  • the system according to the invention is preferably used for an electropermanent system which has paired permanent magnets for generating the magnetic holding force on the magnetic load, one of the two permanent magnets of a pair being reversible from a parallel to an anti-parallel magnetization direction by means of an electrically excited magnetic field such that in the anti-parallel magnetization direction, the magnetic flux between the two permanent magnets of a pair short-circuited and in the parallel direction of magnetization the magnetic flux is conducted to the load via the pole faces of the magnet system.
  • This combines the advantages of the two systems mentioned above, on the one hand by generating an electroless maneuvering force and on the other hand facilitating the actuation of the magnetic circuit by the polarity reversal winding.
  • both the exclusive holding of the load and the transport of a previously raised load can be realized.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that a further detector device is provided, by means of which the respective working point of the magnetic circuit can be determined, wherein the further detector device can be a Hall probe arranged in the air gap of the magnetic circuit.
  • the further detector device can be a Hall probe arranged in the air gap of the magnetic circuit.
  • FIG. 1 is a sketch for explaining the function of the magnet system for the embodiment of the invention and FIG. 2 shows a block diagram relating to the connection of the electrical or electronic components according to the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1.
  • two permanent magnets 1, 2 are provided, one of which, permanent magnet 1, carries an excitation winding 5 through which current flows.
  • the permanent magnets 1, 2 are arranged spatially parallel to one another and each end at their end faces at magnetic poles (flux guide pieces) 3, the pole faces 4 of which are arranged opposite the load 6 to be maneuvered.
  • the permanent magnets 1, 2 are polarized antiparallel to one another, that is to say that the south pole of the one with the north pole of the other magnet and the north pole of the one with the south pole of the other magnet short-circuit in a direct way without a magnetic flux through the load 6 runs.
  • the magnet system approaches the load 6 to be lifted.
  • the electrical or electronic device shown in FIG. 2 initially has a measuring coil 7 which consists of a few turns, for example 2 to 10 turns, of thermally stably insulated copper wire with a cross section of 0.25 to 0.5 mm 2 .
  • the winding which is thermally stable up to approx. 400 ° C., is inserted with an elastic, temperature-resistant insulating compound, for example made of silicone rubber, in a groove below the pole shoe edge of the pole shoes 4.
  • the measuring coil 7 is connected to an integrator 8, which operates on a display device 12 via an amplifier 9, a squarer 10 and a voltage-current converter 11.
  • the integrator 8 is designed as a Miller integrator, and its input resistance is selected to be very high at approximately 1 M ⁇ .
  • a switch S1 is provided, which is controlled via a distance sensor 19.
  • the output of the square 10 is connected to an input of a comparator circuit 14, the other input of which is connected to a measuring device 13, 15 for measuring the weight of the load 6.
  • a measuring device 13, 15 for measuring the weight of the load 6.
  • strain gauges 13 are located on the load, which measure the total force of the load and the maneuvering device.
  • the output of the force measuring device 13 works on a differentiating circuit 15, by means of which the weight force caused by the maneuvering device is subtracted and thus only the weight force of the load 6 is passed on to the input of the comparator circuit 14.
  • the comparator circuit 14 works on the central control device 16 of a crane on which the maneuvering device can be suspended.
  • the control device 16 also includes a deactivation device for stopping the crane drive.
  • the comparator device 14 controls an alarm device 17, which is formed from an acoustic and / or optical warning display.
  • the outputs of the crane controller 16, the distance sensor 19, the voltage current converter 11 and a control device for the magnets 20 are connected to the input of a shift register device 18, which operates as a memory.
  • the device according to the invention operates as follows:
  • the magnet system is activated from state I to state II by means of the magnet control 20.
  • the reset input of the integrator 8 is released via the switch S1, so that it receives its input signal via the measuring coil 7. This is defines the initial state.
  • the high input resistance results in a high integration time constant of the Miller integrator.
  • the integrated measurement signal is adjusted via the adjustable amplifier 9, adapted to the geometrical conditions of the magnet system, and processed in the squaring device 10 into a signal corresponding to the magnetic holding force.
  • a current signal which is proportional to the magnetic holding force is generated in the voltage-current converter circuit 11 and is brought to display on an analog pointer instrument (ammeter) 12 via trailing lines in the crane cabin.
  • the voltage signal corresponding to the magnetic force is compared in the comparator device 14 with the weight force associated with the load, the signal of which is obtained by the strain gauge device 13 on the suspension of the maneuvering device, the self-weight of the maneuvering device having been previously compensated for in the difference generator circuit 15.
  • the comparator device 14 now checks whether the magnetic holding force adequately applies the weight force. If this is the case, the crane controller 16 releases the maneuvering device, for example in order to lift the load or to carry out trolley or long journeys.
  • a signal is sent to the deactivation device (not shown) by means of which the crane control 16 is blocked.
  • a warning signal is output by the optical / acoustic crane device 17.
  • the voltage signal corresponding to the magnetic holding force is converted digitally and stored several times in a storage cycle 18 according to preselectable criteria during a load cycle. Several cycles can be saved so that operating errors can be clearly identified and differentiated from technical failures.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

Ce système pour manoeuvrer une charge magnétique (6), notamment une charge ferromagnétique, comprend un dispositif mobile qui peut être notamment suspendu à une grue et qui sert à manoeuvrer la charge magnétique au moyen d'au moins une paire de pôles magnétiques (3) dont les surfaces polaires (4) sont reliées par au moins un entrefer à la charge magnétique (6), formant un circuit magnétique. Au moins une bobine de détection (7) se situe dans la zone des surfaces polaires en amont d'un dispositif d'évaluation (8-11) qui contient un intégrateur (8) de sorte que le flux magnétique régnant dans l'entrefer puisse être dérivé du signal de mesure généré par au moins une bobine de détection, et que la force magnétique qui agit sur la charge magnétique puisse en être déduite. Pour que le système puisse être manipulé en toute sécurité même par des opérateurs non qualifiés pour manoeuvrer des charges dans une large plage de poids différents, le dispositif d'évaluation (8-11) contient un comparateur (14) qui compare la force magnétique saisie au poids de la charge magnétique, un dispositif de visualisation (12) est connecté en aval du dispositif d'évaluation (8-11) pour présenter tant le poids que la force magnétique de manière visible à l'opérateur, et des éléments de mise hors service sont montés en aval du dispositif d'évaluation (8-11) afin de mettre le dispositif hors service lorsque la force de retenue du poids n'est pas suffisante, compte tenu d'un facteur de sécurité.
PCT/EP1996/003206 1995-07-24 1996-07-20 Systeme pour manoeuvrer une charge magnetique, notamment une charge ferromagnetique Ceased WO1997003912A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU67352/96A AU6735296A (en) 1995-07-24 1996-07-20 System for manoeuvring a magnetic load, in particular a ferromagnetic load

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19527016.9 1995-07-24
DE19527016 1995-07-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997003912A1 true WO1997003912A1 (fr) 1997-02-06

Family

ID=7767650

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1996/003206 Ceased WO1997003912A1 (fr) 1995-07-24 1996-07-20 Systeme pour manoeuvrer une charge magnetique, notamment une charge ferromagnetique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU6735296A (fr)
WO (1) WO1997003912A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2284340A3 (fr) * 2009-08-13 2011-06-01 K.A. Schmersal Holding GmbH & Co. KG Verrou magnétique destiné à fermer une ouverture
DE102012009702A1 (de) * 2012-05-16 2013-11-21 Evertz Magnetbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Entpackung eines Gießteils aus einer Gießform
EP3674249A1 (fr) * 2018-12-21 2020-07-01 Tarkmet Oy Appareil de fixation magnétique sur une charge
US10787323B2 (en) 2017-05-15 2020-09-29 Prüftechnik Dieter Busch AG Apparatus and method for vibration measurement on a machine
DE112013004264B4 (de) 2012-08-31 2023-03-09 Uttam Sarda Elektropermanentmagnetische Haltevorrichtung mit Magnetflusssensor

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1274256B (de) * 1958-02-08 1968-08-01 Electro Chimie Metal Ausschaltbare Dauermagnetvorrichtung
DE2610781A1 (de) * 1976-03-15 1977-09-22 Kellermann Fa Rudolf Verfahren und vorrichtung zum wiederholbaren transport einer bestimmten menge einer vielzahl von werkstuecken aus mindestens teilweise magnetisierbarem werkstoff
GB2000870A (en) * 1977-07-11 1979-01-17 British Steel Corp Safety device for lifting magnets
DE3212465A1 (de) * 1982-04-02 1983-10-20 Emag Maschinenfabrik Gmbh, 7335 Salach Transportvorrichtung, insbesondere ladevorrichtung fuer bearbeitungsmaschinen
FR2616006A1 (fr) * 1987-05-22 1988-12-02 Baumann Josef Dispositif de maintien magnetique permanent pour deplacer, fixer ou porter des pieces ou charges ferromagnetiques, incluant un systeme de commutation electronique du flux magnetique pour liberer la charge portee
GB2241618A (en) * 1990-01-26 1991-09-04 Nitto Kohki Co Electromagnetic drill clamp with hall-effect clamping failure detection
DE4122081C1 (en) * 1991-07-04 1993-01-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De Hysteresis measurer for permanent magnetic samples - provides reception, measuring gap by pole shoes of electromagnet producing alternating magnetic flux

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1274256B (de) * 1958-02-08 1968-08-01 Electro Chimie Metal Ausschaltbare Dauermagnetvorrichtung
DE2610781A1 (de) * 1976-03-15 1977-09-22 Kellermann Fa Rudolf Verfahren und vorrichtung zum wiederholbaren transport einer bestimmten menge einer vielzahl von werkstuecken aus mindestens teilweise magnetisierbarem werkstoff
GB2000870A (en) * 1977-07-11 1979-01-17 British Steel Corp Safety device for lifting magnets
DE3212465A1 (de) * 1982-04-02 1983-10-20 Emag Maschinenfabrik Gmbh, 7335 Salach Transportvorrichtung, insbesondere ladevorrichtung fuer bearbeitungsmaschinen
FR2616006A1 (fr) * 1987-05-22 1988-12-02 Baumann Josef Dispositif de maintien magnetique permanent pour deplacer, fixer ou porter des pieces ou charges ferromagnetiques, incluant un systeme de commutation electronique du flux magnetique pour liberer la charge portee
GB2241618A (en) * 1990-01-26 1991-09-04 Nitto Kohki Co Electromagnetic drill clamp with hall-effect clamping failure detection
DE4122081C1 (en) * 1991-07-04 1993-01-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De Hysteresis measurer for permanent magnetic samples - provides reception, measuring gap by pole shoes of electromagnet producing alternating magnetic flux

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
H.-P. SCHNEIDER: "Elektronische Steuerung für permanentmagnetisch erregte Lasthebemagnetsysteme", TECH. MITT. KRUPP - FORSCH., vol. 36, no. 1, April 1978 (1978-04-01), BERLIN, pages 35 - 40, XP002019197 *

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2284340A3 (fr) * 2009-08-13 2011-06-01 K.A. Schmersal Holding GmbH & Co. KG Verrou magnétique destiné à fermer une ouverture
EP2284341A3 (fr) * 2009-08-13 2011-06-08 K.A. Schmersal Holding GmbH & Co. KG Verrou destiné à fermer un ouvrant
DE102012009702A1 (de) * 2012-05-16 2013-11-21 Evertz Magnetbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Entpackung eines Gießteils aus einer Gießform
DE112013004264B4 (de) 2012-08-31 2023-03-09 Uttam Sarda Elektropermanentmagnetische Haltevorrichtung mit Magnetflusssensor
US10787323B2 (en) 2017-05-15 2020-09-29 Prüftechnik Dieter Busch AG Apparatus and method for vibration measurement on a machine
DE102017110475B4 (de) 2017-05-15 2023-05-17 Prüftechnik Dieter Busch GmbH Vorrichtung und verfahren zur schwingungsmessung an einer maschine
EP3674249A1 (fr) * 2018-12-21 2020-07-01 Tarkmet Oy Appareil de fixation magnétique sur une charge
US11133124B2 (en) 2018-12-21 2021-09-28 Tarkmet Oy Apparatus for magnetically attaching to load

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6735296A (en) 1997-02-18

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